iOS Architectures
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This document discusses several iOS architecture patterns including MV(x), VIPER, VIP (Clean Swift), and Redux. It provides an overview of each pattern, including their key components like models, views, and controllers. It also summarizes the core principles of Redux as having a single source of truth for state, read-only state changes via pure functions, and examples of how actions, reducers, and middleware are used to manage state changes in a predictable way. Sample code links are provided for several of the patterns discussed.
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![Middleware
Middleware allows developers to provide extensions that wrap the dispatch
function.
let loggingMiddleware: Middleware = { dispatch, getState in
return { next in
return { action in
// perform middleware logic
print(action)
// call next middleware
return next(action)
}
}
}
Store(reducer: reducer, appState: TestStringAppState(), middleware: [loggingMiddleware,
secondMiddleware])](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/iosarchitectures-170404152115/85/iOS-Architectures-23-320.jpg)
iOS Architectures
- 1. iOS Architecture Patterns Hoang Hai Hung
- 2. Outline 1. MV(x) 2. VIPER 3. VIP (Clean Swift) 4. Redux 5. Demo Write less code, get more done
- 3. What is a good architecture ? 1. Distributions : Balanced distribution of responsibilities among entities with strict roles. 2. Testability usually comes from the first feature 3. Ease of use and a low maintenance cost. ...
- 4. What is a good architecture ?
- 5. MVC - MVP - MVVM Models¡ª domain data or a data access layer which manipulates the data Views¡ª?responsible for the presentation layer (GUI), for iOS is everything starting with ¡®UI¡¯ prefix. Controller/Presenter/ViewModel¡ª?the glue or the mediator between the Model and the View, responsible for altering the Model by reacting to the user¡¯s actions performed on the View and updating the View with changes from the Model.
- 6. MVC
- 7. Apple's MVC Massive View Controller Sample code: https://gist.github.com/BohdanOrlov/6e87048a0db79ceecce8#file-mvc-swift
- 8. Lighter view controllers Separate Out Data Source and Other Protocols Move Domain Logic into the Model Creating the Store Class Move Web Service Logic to the Model Layer Design patterns ...
- 12. Clean Swift
- 13. What is Redux ? Redux is a predictable state container for JavaScript apps.
- 14. Redux
- 15. What is ReSwift ? ReSwift is a Redux-like implementation of the unidirectional data flow architecture in Swift. Github : https://github.com/ReSwift/ReSwift Documentation : http://reswift.github.io/ReSwift/master/
- 16. Redux - 3 principles 1. Single source of truth. 2. State is read-only. 3. Changes are made with pure functions.
- 17. State The application state is defined in a single data structure which should be a struct. This struct can have other structs as members, that allows you to add different sub-states as your app grows. The state struct should store your entire application state, that includes the UI state, the navigation state and the state of your model layer. struct AppState: StateType { var counter: Int = 0 var navigationState = NavigationState() }
- 18. Actions Actions are used to express intended state changes. Actions don¡¯t contain functions, instead they provide information about the intended state change, e.g. which user should be deleted. struct LikePostAction: Action { let post: Post let userLikingPost: User }
- 19. Reducers Reducers are the only place in which you should modify application state! Reducers take the current application state and an action and return the new transformed application state. struct AppReducer: Reducer { func handleAction(action: Action, state: State?) -> State { return State( navigationState: NavigationReducer.handleAction(action, state: state?.navigationState), authenticationState: authenticationReducer(state?.authenticationState, action: action), repositories: repositoriesReducer(state?.repositories, action: action), bookmarks: bookmarksReducer(state?.bookmarks, action: action)) } }
- 20. Reducers func authenticationReducer(state: AuthenticationState?, action: Action) -> AuthenticationState { var state = state ?? initialAuthenticationState() switch action { case _ as SwiftFlowInit: break case let action as SetOAuthURL: state.oAuthURL = action.oAuthUrl case let action as UpdateLoggedInState: state.loggedInState = action.loggedInState default: break } return state }
- 21. Store Subscriber Receiving state updates from a store Whenever the store updates its state it will notify all subscribers by calling the newState method on themprotocol StoreSubscriber { func newState(state: StoreSubscriberStateType) } store.subscribe(self) { state in state.repositories }
- 22. Action Creator ActionCreators to perform a conditional dispatch. An ActionCreator takes the current application state, and a reference to a store and might or might not return an Action. typealias ActionCreator = (state: State, store: StoreType) -> Action?
- 23. Middleware Middleware allows developers to provide extensions that wrap the dispatch function. let loggingMiddleware: Middleware = { dispatch, getState in return { next in return { action in // perform middleware logic print(action) // call next middleware return next(action) } } } Store(reducer: reducer, appState: TestStringAppState(), middleware: [loggingMiddleware, secondMiddleware])
- 24. Why Redux ? Better state management Visible Designed Explicit Type system enforced Testable transitions
- 25. Summary
- 27. THANK YOU !
Editor's Notes
- #18: state, noun the particular condition that someone or something is in at a specific time. Although state changes over time, the state at any particular point in time is fixed.
- #19: What information do we need to provide to it? And what actions does it produce?
- #21: each component and store item is mockable, replacable, and testable in isolation. Both outside of the store, AND outside of view controllers.