Macromolecules
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The document discusses the four main types of macromolecules - carbohydrates, lipids, nucleic acids, and proteins. It provides details on the subunits, composition, structure, examples, and functions of each macromolecule type.
Macromolecules
- 1. Macromolecules (pg 6) * Leave space in the margin to draw the molecules
- 2. Macromolecules (pg 6) ? Large molecules. Made of subunits.
- 3. 1. Carbohydrates ? Subunits = Sugars
- 4. Carbohydrates ? Subunits = Sugars ? Contain C,H,O arranged in rings
- 5. Carbohydrates ? Subunits = Sugars ? Contain C,H,O arranged in rings ? Examples: ¨C Monosaccharides: Glucose, Fructose
- 6. Carbohydrates ? Subunits = Sugars ? Contain C,H,O arranged in rings ? Examples: ¨C Monosaccharides: Glucose, Fructose ¨C Disaccharides: Sucrose (table sugar), Lactose
- 7. Carbohydrates ? Subunits = Sugars ? Contain C,H,O arranged in rings ? Examples: ¨C Monosaccharides: Glucose, Fructose ¨C Disaccharides: Sucrose (table sugar), Lactose ¨C Polysaccharides: Starch, Glycogen
- 8. Carbohydrates ? Subunits = Sugars ? Contain C,H,O arranged in rings ? Examples: ¨C Monosaccharides: Glucose, Fructose ¨C Disaccharides: Sucrose (table sugar), Lactose ¨C Polysaccharides: Starch, Glycogen ? Functions: ¨C Energy, food storage, cell identification
- 9. 2. Lipids ? Subunits = Fatty acids
- 10. Lipids ? Subunits = Fatty acids ? Made almost entirely of C and H
- 11. Lipids ? Subunits = Fatty acids ? Made almost entirely of C and H ? Long carbon chains or rings
- 12. Lipids ? Subunits = Fatty acids ? Made almost entirely of C and H ? Long carbon chains or rings ? Functions: Energy storage, insulation, cell membranes, hormone precursors
- 13. 3. Nucleic acids ? Subunits = Nucleotides
- 14. Nucleic acids ? Subunits = Nucleotides ? Structure = Sugar + Phosphate + Base
- 15. Nucleic acids ? Subunits = Nucleotides ? Structure = Sugar + Phosphate + Base ? Examples: DNA, RNA
- 16. Nucleic acids ? Subunits = Nucleotides ? Structure = Sugar + Phosphate + Base ? Examples: DNA, RNA ? Function: Store genetic information
- 17. 4. Proteins ? Subunits = Amino acids
- 18. Proteins ? Subunits = Amino acids ? Contain C,H,O,N,P,S
- 19. Proteins ? Subunits = Amino acids ? Contain C,H,O,N,P,S ? Long chains of amino acids that fold up into complex shapes
- 20. Proteins ? Subunits = Amino acids ? Contain C,H,O,N,P,S ? Long chains of amino acids that fold up into complex shapes ? Functions: ¨C Transport (move things in and out of cells)
- 21. Proteins ? Subunits = Amino acids ? Contain C,H,O,N,P,S ? Long chains of amino acids that fold up into complex shapes ? Functions: ¨C Transport (move things in and out of cells) ¨C Structural (Keratin forms outer layer of skin)
- 22. Proteins ? Subunits = Amino acids ? Contain C,H,O,N,P,S ? Long chains of amino acids that fold up into complex shapes ? Functions: ¨C Transport (move things in and out of cells) ¨C Structural (Keratin forms outer layer of skin) ¨C Enzymes (speed up chemical reactions)
- 24. Output (pg 7) ? Write a ¡°help wanted¡± ad for a macromolecule ? Include: 1. A description of the job 2. The location of the job 3. The characteristics the macromolecule needs to do the job well Example: Protein Needed! We need a fast, efficient protein to transport items in and out of a liver cell. You will work in the plasma membrane. Previous experience transporting glucose molecules a plus. You must be made of amino acids, have a complicated shape, and be ready to work hard!