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Education and Industrialism in ¡®Hard °Õ¾±³¾±ð²õ¡¯

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Trushali Dodiya
Trushali Dodiya

The document provides a summary of Charles Dickens' novel "Hard Times" and discusses its themes of education and industrialism. It notes that the novel satirizes Victorian social and economic conditions through characters like Mr. Gradgrind who believes only facts should be taught in schools. It also examines Dickens' portrayal of the factory system in Coketown and how he viewed human life as both fuel and waste for industry. The document concludes by mentioning musical and film adaptations of the novel that explore its focus on emotions, imagination and compassion.

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Education and Industrialism in ¡®Hard °Õ¾±³¾±ð²õ¡¯
Prepared by Trushali Dodiya Roll no:- 21 Enrollment no:- 4069206420220011 Sem:- 1(M. A.) Batch:- 2022-24 Paper no. :-104 Paper Code:- 22395 Paper name:- Literature of Victorians Submitted to:- Smt. S. B. Gardi Department of English, M.K.B.U. Dated on:- 18/10/2022 Email:- trushalidodiya84@gmail.com
TABLE OF CONTENTS ¡ñ Introduction ¡ñ Education ¡ñ Contrast ¡ñ Industriam ¡ñ Play adaptation ¡ñ Comparison with cinema 3
Introduction ¡ñ ¡®Hard °Õ¾±³¾±ð²õ¡¯ is a Novel written by Charles Dickens in 1854 ¡ñ Original title: ¡®Hard Times: For these °Õ¾±³¾±ð²õ¡¯ ¡ñ Representation of English Society and satirises the social and economic conditions of the Victorian Era. ¡ñ Moves around Education and Industrialism by the characters, Mr. Gradgrind, Mr. Bounderby, Miss Cecilia Jupe, Miss Louisa and Stephen Blackpool
Education ¡ñ Novel starts in a school classroom, where Mr. Gradgrind tells Mr. M'Choakumchild to teach students only facts. ¡®¡®Now, what I want is, Facts. Teach these boys and girls nothing but Facts. Facts alone are wanted in life. Plant nothing else, and root out everything else. You can only form the minds of reasoning animals upon Facts: nothing else will ever be of any service to them.¡± (Dickens)
¡ñ The novel presents contrast by its title ¡ñ In the first part ¡®Sowing', Chapter 1 title - ¡®The one thing Needful¡¯ ¡ñ In the last ¡®Garnering' part, Chapter 1 - ¡®Another thing Needful¡¯ ¡ñ Second chapter in the first part is titledas ¡®Murdering the Innocent¡¯, where Mr. Gradgrind asks Cecilia Jupe to define the Horse . She fails to give explanation. ¡ñ Mr. Gradgrind applies this idea everywhere, in the marriage of his daughter Miss. Louisa also. ¡ñ He gets complete failure in his ideology. ¡ñ In the last chapter, he realises the importance of emotions, feelings and emotions.
¡ñ In the first chapter of the last part of the novel, ¡®Murdering the Innocent¡¯, Hardy presents the importance of Emotions and imagination ¡°There is a wisdom of the Head, and that there is a wisdom of the Heart. I have not supposed so; but, as I have said, I mistrust myself now. I have supposed the head to be all- sufficient. It may not be all-sufficient; how can I venture this morning to say it is! If that other kind of wisdom should be what I have neglected, and should be the instinct that is wanted, Louisa¡± (Dickens)
¡ñ The novel is divided into three parts, which presents natural processes 1. Sowing 2. Reaping 3. Garnering ¡ñ Hardy is criticising unnatural method of production that factory system represents and also unnatural process of education ¡ñ Circus and industry Contrast
¡ñ ¡°Industrialism means manufacturing activity, or productive or profit making enterprises.¡± ¡ñ Dynamics of capitalist production ¡ñ Coketown is an imaginary city ¡ñ Concept of ¡®Hand' ¡ñ Human life works as per the clock Industrialism
¡ñ In ¡®Hard Times and Structure of Industrialism: The Novel as Factory¡¯, Patricia Johnson argues that ¡°Cock suggests both fuel that stokes the furnaces and the waste product that is left after the process has been completed.¡± He states what Charles Dickens has answered to the question of ¡°What is the true nature of the fuel that is consumed?¡± ¡ñ Dickens says, Both Fuel and waste product of the factory system is a human life. ¡ñ Society is a factory ¡ñ Louisa is fuel for the system of marriage and reproduction
¡ñ The musical adaptation of the play presents the novel with songs ¡ñ Emotions, imagination ?? compassion ?? ???, ??? ????? ???? ?? ????? ¡ñ ??? ???? ???? ?? ???? ???? ?? ??? ?? ??? ????¡­ ????¡­ ???? ???? ?? ??? ?? ??? ¡ñ ?? ???? ??? ??? ?? ?? ???? ?? ?? ?? ? ? ? ??? ?????? ??? ?? ????? ? ? ??? ??? ?? ???? ?? ??? ???? ????? ??? ?????? ?? ?? ???? ??? ????? ???? Play adaptation of the novel
Comparison with cinema
Education and Industrialism in ¡®Hard °Õ¾±³¾±ð²õ¡¯
Work cited:- Dickens, Charles. Hard Times. United Kingdom, Chapman and Hall, 1877. PVR Pictures. (2007). Tare Zameen Par . India. Reliance Big Pictures. (2009). 3 Idiots . India. Sharma, K. D. (Ed.). (2016, August 17). "hard times" - a musical play in Hindi. YouTube. Retrieved from https://youtu.be/-Ts3XTdJ9_8 Winters, Warrington. ¡°DICKENS¡¯ ¡®HARD TIMES¡¯: The Lost Childhood.¡± Dickens Studies Annual, vol. 2, 1972, pp. 217¨C369. JSTOR, http://www.jstor.org/stable/44372484. Accessed 18 Oct. 2022.
Education and Industrialism in ¡®Hard °Õ¾±³¾±ð²õ¡¯

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Education and Industrialism in ¡®Hard °Õ¾±³¾±ð²õ¡¯

  • 1. Education and Industrialism in ¡®Hard °Õ¾±³¾±ð²õ¡¯
  • 2. Prepared by Trushali Dodiya Roll no:- 21 Enrollment no:- 4069206420220011 Sem:- 1(M. A.) Batch:- 2022-24 Paper no. :-104 Paper Code:- 22395 Paper name:- Literature of Victorians Submitted to:- Smt. S. B. Gardi Department of English, M.K.B.U. Dated on:- 18/10/2022 Email:- trushalidodiya84@gmail.com
  • 3. TABLE OF CONTENTS ¡ñ Introduction ¡ñ Education ¡ñ Contrast ¡ñ Industriam ¡ñ Play adaptation ¡ñ Comparison with cinema 3
  • 4. Introduction ¡ñ ¡®Hard °Õ¾±³¾±ð²õ¡¯ is a Novel written by Charles Dickens in 1854 ¡ñ Original title: ¡®Hard Times: For these °Õ¾±³¾±ð²õ¡¯ ¡ñ Representation of English Society and satirises the social and economic conditions of the Victorian Era. ¡ñ Moves around Education and Industrialism by the characters, Mr. Gradgrind, Mr. Bounderby, Miss Cecilia Jupe, Miss Louisa and Stephen Blackpool
  • 5. Education ¡ñ Novel starts in a school classroom, where Mr. Gradgrind tells Mr. M'Choakumchild to teach students only facts. ¡®¡®Now, what I want is, Facts. Teach these boys and girls nothing but Facts. Facts alone are wanted in life. Plant nothing else, and root out everything else. You can only form the minds of reasoning animals upon Facts: nothing else will ever be of any service to them.¡± (Dickens)
  • 6. ¡ñ The novel presents contrast by its title ¡ñ In the first part ¡®Sowing', Chapter 1 title - ¡®The one thing Needful¡¯ ¡ñ In the last ¡®Garnering' part, Chapter 1 - ¡®Another thing Needful¡¯ ¡ñ Second chapter in the first part is titledas ¡®Murdering the Innocent¡¯, where Mr. Gradgrind asks Cecilia Jupe to define the Horse . She fails to give explanation. ¡ñ Mr. Gradgrind applies this idea everywhere, in the marriage of his daughter Miss. Louisa also. ¡ñ He gets complete failure in his ideology. ¡ñ In the last chapter, he realises the importance of emotions, feelings and emotions.
  • 7. ¡ñ In the first chapter of the last part of the novel, ¡®Murdering the Innocent¡¯, Hardy presents the importance of Emotions and imagination ¡°There is a wisdom of the Head, and that there is a wisdom of the Heart. I have not supposed so; but, as I have said, I mistrust myself now. I have supposed the head to be all- sufficient. It may not be all-sufficient; how can I venture this morning to say it is! If that other kind of wisdom should be what I have neglected, and should be the instinct that is wanted, Louisa¡± (Dickens)
  • 8. ¡ñ The novel is divided into three parts, which presents natural processes 1. Sowing 2. Reaping 3. Garnering ¡ñ Hardy is criticising unnatural method of production that factory system represents and also unnatural process of education ¡ñ Circus and industry Contrast
  • 9. ¡ñ ¡°Industrialism means manufacturing activity, or productive or profit making enterprises.¡± ¡ñ Dynamics of capitalist production ¡ñ Coketown is an imaginary city ¡ñ Concept of ¡®Hand' ¡ñ Human life works as per the clock Industrialism
  • 10. ¡ñ In ¡®Hard Times and Structure of Industrialism: The Novel as Factory¡¯, Patricia Johnson argues that ¡°Cock suggests both fuel that stokes the furnaces and the waste product that is left after the process has been completed.¡± He states what Charles Dickens has answered to the question of ¡°What is the true nature of the fuel that is consumed?¡± ¡ñ Dickens says, Both Fuel and waste product of the factory system is a human life. ¡ñ Society is a factory ¡ñ Louisa is fuel for the system of marriage and reproduction
  • 11. ¡ñ The musical adaptation of the play presents the novel with songs ¡ñ Emotions, imagination ?? compassion ?? ???, ??? ????? ???? ?? ????? ¡ñ ??? ???? ???? ?? ???? ???? ?? ??? ?? ??? ????¡­ ????¡­ ???? ???? ?? ??? ?? ??? ¡ñ ?? ???? ??? ??? ?? ?? ???? ?? ?? ?? ? ? ? ??? ?????? ??? ?? ????? ? ? ??? ??? ?? ???? ?? ??? ???? ????? ??? ?????? ?? ?? ???? ??? ????? ???? Play adaptation of the novel
  • 14. Work cited:- Dickens, Charles. Hard Times. United Kingdom, Chapman and Hall, 1877. PVR Pictures. (2007). Tare Zameen Par . India. Reliance Big Pictures. (2009). 3 Idiots . India. Sharma, K. D. (Ed.). (2016, August 17). "hard times" - a musical play in Hindi. YouTube. Retrieved from https://youtu.be/-Ts3XTdJ9_8 Winters, Warrington. ¡°DICKENS¡¯ ¡®HARD TIMES¡¯: The Lost Childhood.¡± Dickens Studies Annual, vol. 2, 1972, pp. 217¨C369. JSTOR, http://www.jstor.org/stable/44372484. Accessed 18 Oct. 2022.