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Counterfeiting

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Jr. Jr.
Jr. Jr.

The document provides information on examining coins and banknotes to determine if they are counterfeit. It describes several methods for examination, including using a magnifying glass, checking magnetic properties, measuring size and weight, examining surface features, and listening for sound. Specific checks are outlined such as verifying the security thread, hologram, microprinting, color, and tactile features. The document also lists pertinent laws regarding counterfeiting and what to do if a counterfeit note is encountered.

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Counterfeiting
Counterfeiting Crime of making, circulating of uttering false coins and bank notes, with the intent to defraud others into accepting it as genuine time. Also applied to fraudulent imitation, such as spurious trademarks, dies or works of art. Forgery of government obligations such as money or bond
Counterfeiting
Examination of Counterfeit coins By use of magnifying glass and comparing it with a known genuine coin Defects are caused by the formation of air bubbles or by removal of small parts of the of the word along with the coin Best place to examine is on the edge since there are special milling marks or designs which are added to a genuine coin by machinery Compare a suspected coin to a genuine of same value
Coins 1. Even flow of metallic grains 2. High relief of letter and numerals 3. Regularity of reading and beading
Old Method of Examining Coins 1. Magnetic or Not? If a coin is attracted to a magnet, it is not authentic. All valid coins are made from nonmagnetic metals such as gold, silver, copper and nickel. Many counterfeit coins are made from iron alloys that are drawn to magnets.
Old Method of Examining Coins 2. Measurement According to the United States Mint, coins are made to exact size standards. The coin's diameter is easily measured with a ruler. The size of a valid coin should not vary by more than a fraction of a millimeter. See the coin size chart in the Resources section of this article.
Old Method of Examining Coins 3. Weight Check Coins are also made to precise weight specifications. Weigh the coin on a sensitive scale made for coins, jewelry or postage. Valid coins should not vary by more than one hundredth of a gram. See the coin weight specifications in the Resources section below.
Old Method of Examining Coins 4. Surface Check According to the Numismatic Guaranty Corporation, fake coins often have noticeable defects on their surfaces. Invalid coins that are made from casts of real coins commonly have a pitted or grainy appearance. They lack detail and can feel slippery to the touch. The surfaces themselves can be concave or convex instead of flat. These differences are often obvious when comparing fake and real coins side by side.
Old Method of Examining Coins 5. Edge Check The edge of an invalid coin can have a small bump on it. This marks the spot where metal was poured into the cast used to make the fake. Sometimes this bump is sanded off. In this case there will be a small flat spot on the edge. The rim of a valid coin should feel consistent all the way around.
Old Method of Examining Coins 6. Sound Check Valid coins make a distinctive ringing sound when dropped on a hard surface. Fake coins make a "thud" sound. Compare the sound of coins you know to be valid to the sound of the suspected fake. Do not do this test with valuable collector coins. Dropping a coin on a hard surface can damage a precious coin.
Principal ways of printing paper 1. Engraving
Principal ways of printing paper 2. Letterpress Printing
Principal ways of printing paper 2. Letterpress Printing
Principal ways of printing paper 3. Offset Printing
Principal ways of printing paper 3. Offset Printing
STEPS IN RECOGNIZING GENUINE BSP NOTES
STUDY and FAMILIARIZE yourself with the characteristics, designs and distinct features of BSP banknotes by following these steps:
1. PAPER Feel the paper The genuine note is printed on a special kind of paper which is rough when you run your fingers through it. It does not glow under the ultra-violet light. During paper manufacture, the watermark, security fibers, security threads and iridescent band are included.
2. WATERMARK Examine the watermark on the unprinted portion of the note The watermark is the silhouette of the portrait appearing on the face of the note. Sharp details of the light and shadow effect can be seen when the note is viewed against the light. The contours of the features of the silhouette can be felt by running the fingers over the design on relatively new notes.
3. SECURITY FIBERS Inspect the security fibers Embedded red and blue visible fibers are scattered at random on both surfaces of a genuine note and can be readily picked off by means of any pointed instrument.
4. EMBEDDED SECURITY THREAD View the embedded security thread The embedded security thread is a special thread vertically implanted off center of the note during paper manufacture. This can easily be seen when the note is viewed against the light. It appears as a broken line for 5s, 10s and 20s and straight line for 50s, 100s, 200s , 500s and 1000s.
5. WINDOWED SECURITY THREAD View the windowed security thread on the improved version of 100s, 500s and 1000-piso notes and the new 200-piso notes. The windowed security thread is a narrow security thread vertically located like stitches at the face of the note with cleartext of the numerical value in repeated sequence and changes in color from magenta to green or green to magenta depending on the angle of view.
6. IRIDESCENT BAND Look for the iridescent band on the improved version of 100s, 500s and 1000-piso notes and the new 200-piso notes A wide glistening gold vertical stripe with the numerical value printed in series.
7. PORTRAIT Recognize the portrait Appears life-like. The eyes sparkle. Shadings are formed by the fine lines that give the portrait a characteristic facial expression which is extremely difficult to replicate.
8. SERIAL NUMBER Check the serial number Composed of 1 or 2 prefix letters and 6 or 7 digits. The letters and numerals are uniform in size and thickness, evenly spaced and well- aligned; and glow under the ultra-violet light. A banknote with six 0 digit serial number is a specimen note and not legal tender note.
9. BACKGROUND/LACEWORK DESIGN Scan the background/lacework design The background designs are made up of multi-colored and well defined lines. The lacework designs are composed of web- crisscrossing lines which are continuous and traceable even at the intersection.
10. VIGNETTE Verify the vignette The lines and dashes composing the vignette are fine, distinct and sharp; the varying color tone gives a vivid look to the picture that makes it stand out of the paper.
11. VALUE PANEL Check the numerals found at the four corners of the front and back of the note. The numerals denote the denomination of the note.
12. COLOR Recognize predominant color of each denomination: 1000-piso Blue 50-piso Red 500-piso Yellow 20-piso Orange 200-piso Green 10-piso* Brown 100-piso Mauve 5-piso* Green *The BSP has stopped printing these banknotes and are being replaced by coins; however, the existing 10- and 5- piso notes remain legal tender.
13. FLUORESCENT PRINTING Look for the presence of the fluorescent print when the note is exposed under the ultra violet light The fluorescent print is the invisible numerical value located off center of the face of the note that glows when exposed to ultraviolet light.
14. MICROPRINTING Verify under the lens the presence of the microprinting on the denominations 50, 100, 200, 500 and 1000 Microprintings are the minute and finely printed words Bangko Sentral ng Pilipinas or Central Bank of the Philippines located at the face or back of the note that are clearly printed and readable.
15. CONCEALED VALUE Check the concealed value on the 500-piso denomination This concealed value is located at the lower left corner of the face of the note and is recognizable when the note is held at eye level.
16. OPTICALLY VARIABLE INK Check the optically variable ink on the 1000- piso denomination It changes color from green to blue or blue to green when the note is held at different angles.
PERTINENT LAWS AND REGULATIONS TO PROTECT AND MAINTAIN THE INTEGRITY OF THE CURRENCY 1. Article 163, Revised Penal Code (RPC). Making and importing and uttering (issuing or circulating) false coins. 2. Article 166, Revised Penal Code (RPC). Forging treasury or bank notes or other documents payable to bearer; importing, and uttering (issuing or circulating) such false or forged notes and documents. 3. Article 168, Revised Penal Code (RPC). Illegal possession and use of false treasury or bank notes and other instruments of credit.
4. Article 176, Revised Penal Code (RPC). Manufacturing and possession of instruments or implements for falsification. 5. PD 247 Defacement, mutilation, tearing, burning or destruction of Central Bank (BSP) notes and coins. 6. Chapter II, Circular 61, Series of 1995. Reproduction and/or use of facsimiles of legal tender Philippine currency notes. 7. Chapter III, Circular 61, Series of 1995. Reproduction and/or use of facsimiles of legal tender Philippine currency coins.
IF YOU SUSPECT A COUNTERFEIT NOTE Do not return it to the passer. Delay the passer by some excuse, if possible, without risking harm. Observe and record the passers appearance and that of his/her companion/s. Note the license plate number and make of the passers car. Place the note in a protective envelope.
Some comparison of fake and genuine money
Some comparison of fake and genuine money
Some comparison of fake and genuine money
Some comparison of fake and genuine money
Smile! Thank you

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Counterfeiting

  • 2. Counterfeiting Crime of making, circulating of uttering false coins and bank notes, with the intent to defraud others into accepting it as genuine time. Also applied to fraudulent imitation, such as spurious trademarks, dies or works of art. Forgery of government obligations such as money or bond
  • 4. Examination of Counterfeit coins By use of magnifying glass and comparing it with a known genuine coin Defects are caused by the formation of air bubbles or by removal of small parts of the of the word along with the coin Best place to examine is on the edge since there are special milling marks or designs which are added to a genuine coin by machinery Compare a suspected coin to a genuine of same value
  • 5. Coins 1. Even flow of metallic grains 2. High relief of letter and numerals 3. Regularity of reading and beading
  • 6. Old Method of Examining Coins 1. Magnetic or Not? If a coin is attracted to a magnet, it is not authentic. All valid coins are made from nonmagnetic metals such as gold, silver, copper and nickel. Many counterfeit coins are made from iron alloys that are drawn to magnets.
  • 7. Old Method of Examining Coins 2. Measurement According to the United States Mint, coins are made to exact size standards. The coin's diameter is easily measured with a ruler. The size of a valid coin should not vary by more than a fraction of a millimeter. See the coin size chart in the Resources section of this article.
  • 8. Old Method of Examining Coins 3. Weight Check Coins are also made to precise weight specifications. Weigh the coin on a sensitive scale made for coins, jewelry or postage. Valid coins should not vary by more than one hundredth of a gram. See the coin weight specifications in the Resources section below.
  • 9. Old Method of Examining Coins 4. Surface Check According to the Numismatic Guaranty Corporation, fake coins often have noticeable defects on their surfaces. Invalid coins that are made from casts of real coins commonly have a pitted or grainy appearance. They lack detail and can feel slippery to the touch. The surfaces themselves can be concave or convex instead of flat. These differences are often obvious when comparing fake and real coins side by side.
  • 10. Old Method of Examining Coins 5. Edge Check The edge of an invalid coin can have a small bump on it. This marks the spot where metal was poured into the cast used to make the fake. Sometimes this bump is sanded off. In this case there will be a small flat spot on the edge. The rim of a valid coin should feel consistent all the way around.
  • 11. Old Method of Examining Coins 6. Sound Check Valid coins make a distinctive ringing sound when dropped on a hard surface. Fake coins make a "thud" sound. Compare the sound of coins you know to be valid to the sound of the suspected fake. Do not do this test with valuable collector coins. Dropping a coin on a hard surface can damage a precious coin.
  • 12. Principal ways of printing paper 1. Engraving
  • 13. Principal ways of printing paper 2. Letterpress Printing
  • 14. Principal ways of printing paper 2. Letterpress Printing
  • 15. Principal ways of printing paper 3. Offset Printing
  • 16. Principal ways of printing paper 3. Offset Printing
  • 17. STEPS IN RECOGNIZING GENUINE BSP NOTES
  • 18. STUDY and FAMILIARIZE yourself with the characteristics, designs and distinct features of BSP banknotes by following these steps:
  • 19. 1. PAPER Feel the paper The genuine note is printed on a special kind of paper which is rough when you run your fingers through it. It does not glow under the ultra-violet light. During paper manufacture, the watermark, security fibers, security threads and iridescent band are included.
  • 20. 2. WATERMARK Examine the watermark on the unprinted portion of the note The watermark is the silhouette of the portrait appearing on the face of the note. Sharp details of the light and shadow effect can be seen when the note is viewed against the light. The contours of the features of the silhouette can be felt by running the fingers over the design on relatively new notes.
  • 21. 3. SECURITY FIBERS Inspect the security fibers Embedded red and blue visible fibers are scattered at random on both surfaces of a genuine note and can be readily picked off by means of any pointed instrument.
  • 22. 4. EMBEDDED SECURITY THREAD View the embedded security thread The embedded security thread is a special thread vertically implanted off center of the note during paper manufacture. This can easily be seen when the note is viewed against the light. It appears as a broken line for 5s, 10s and 20s and straight line for 50s, 100s, 200s , 500s and 1000s.
  • 23. 5. WINDOWED SECURITY THREAD View the windowed security thread on the improved version of 100s, 500s and 1000-piso notes and the new 200-piso notes. The windowed security thread is a narrow security thread vertically located like stitches at the face of the note with cleartext of the numerical value in repeated sequence and changes in color from magenta to green or green to magenta depending on the angle of view.
  • 24. 6. IRIDESCENT BAND Look for the iridescent band on the improved version of 100s, 500s and 1000-piso notes and the new 200-piso notes A wide glistening gold vertical stripe with the numerical value printed in series.
  • 25. 7. PORTRAIT Recognize the portrait Appears life-like. The eyes sparkle. Shadings are formed by the fine lines that give the portrait a characteristic facial expression which is extremely difficult to replicate.
  • 26. 8. SERIAL NUMBER Check the serial number Composed of 1 or 2 prefix letters and 6 or 7 digits. The letters and numerals are uniform in size and thickness, evenly spaced and well- aligned; and glow under the ultra-violet light. A banknote with six 0 digit serial number is a specimen note and not legal tender note.
  • 27. 9. BACKGROUND/LACEWORK DESIGN Scan the background/lacework design The background designs are made up of multi-colored and well defined lines. The lacework designs are composed of web- crisscrossing lines which are continuous and traceable even at the intersection.
  • 28. 10. VIGNETTE Verify the vignette The lines and dashes composing the vignette are fine, distinct and sharp; the varying color tone gives a vivid look to the picture that makes it stand out of the paper.
  • 29. 11. VALUE PANEL Check the numerals found at the four corners of the front and back of the note. The numerals denote the denomination of the note.
  • 30. 12. COLOR Recognize predominant color of each denomination: 1000-piso Blue 50-piso Red 500-piso Yellow 20-piso Orange 200-piso Green 10-piso* Brown 100-piso Mauve 5-piso* Green *The BSP has stopped printing these banknotes and are being replaced by coins; however, the existing 10- and 5- piso notes remain legal tender.
  • 31. 13. FLUORESCENT PRINTING Look for the presence of the fluorescent print when the note is exposed under the ultra violet light The fluorescent print is the invisible numerical value located off center of the face of the note that glows when exposed to ultraviolet light.
  • 32. 14. MICROPRINTING Verify under the lens the presence of the microprinting on the denominations 50, 100, 200, 500 and 1000 Microprintings are the minute and finely printed words Bangko Sentral ng Pilipinas or Central Bank of the Philippines located at the face or back of the note that are clearly printed and readable.
  • 33. 15. CONCEALED VALUE Check the concealed value on the 500-piso denomination This concealed value is located at the lower left corner of the face of the note and is recognizable when the note is held at eye level.
  • 34. 16. OPTICALLY VARIABLE INK Check the optically variable ink on the 1000- piso denomination It changes color from green to blue or blue to green when the note is held at different angles.
  • 35. PERTINENT LAWS AND REGULATIONS TO PROTECT AND MAINTAIN THE INTEGRITY OF THE CURRENCY 1. Article 163, Revised Penal Code (RPC). Making and importing and uttering (issuing or circulating) false coins. 2. Article 166, Revised Penal Code (RPC). Forging treasury or bank notes or other documents payable to bearer; importing, and uttering (issuing or circulating) such false or forged notes and documents. 3. Article 168, Revised Penal Code (RPC). Illegal possession and use of false treasury or bank notes and other instruments of credit.
  • 36. 4. Article 176, Revised Penal Code (RPC). Manufacturing and possession of instruments or implements for falsification. 5. PD 247 Defacement, mutilation, tearing, burning or destruction of Central Bank (BSP) notes and coins. 6. Chapter II, Circular 61, Series of 1995. Reproduction and/or use of facsimiles of legal tender Philippine currency notes. 7. Chapter III, Circular 61, Series of 1995. Reproduction and/or use of facsimiles of legal tender Philippine currency coins.
  • 37. IF YOU SUSPECT A COUNTERFEIT NOTE Do not return it to the passer. Delay the passer by some excuse, if possible, without risking harm. Observe and record the passers appearance and that of his/her companion/s. Note the license plate number and make of the passers car. Place the note in a protective envelope.
  • 38. Some comparison of fake and genuine money
  • 39. Some comparison of fake and genuine money
  • 40. Some comparison of fake and genuine money
  • 41. Some comparison of fake and genuine money