Hamed Mahmoud Shamma is an Associate Professor of Marketing & BP Endowed Chair at the School of Business, Economics & communication at The American University in Cairo (AUC), Egypt. He received his Ph.D. in Marketing from the George Washington University. He is specialized in examining corporate-level issues about organizations (as outlined under specialities).Professor Shamma has extensive corporate experience at Mobinil, a subsidiary of Orange – a leading telecommunications service provider – and Egypt’s leading mobile service operator. He was involved with corporate performance valuation which included developing the company’s balanced scorecard and corporate Key Performance I...