Six Sigma is a data-driven methodology for process improvement originally developed by Motorola in 1987. It involves using statistical methods and strategic approaches to reduce defects and variability in manufacturing and business processes. The key aspects of Six Sigma include defining, measuring, analyzing, improving and controlling processes to minimize defects. Motorola was an early adopter of Six Sigma and saw great success in reducing defects to 3.4 parts per million. Many major companies have since implemented Six Sigma programs to improve quality, lower costs and increase customer satisfaction.
This document summarizes key concepts related to quality control and statistical process control, including:
1) It discusses basic control models, total quality control (TQC), statistical process control (SPC), sampling methods, and quality control methods.
2) It defines quality characteristics, types of data and variations, and statistical methods. Common and special causes of variation are explained.
3) Control charts are introduced as a tool for statistical process control, explaining how they can indicate whether a process is in or out of statistical control.
The document discusses various problem solving techniques including:
- Brainstorming which encourages wild ideas and builds on others' contributions without criticism.
- Mind maps which use diagrams to organize ideas spatially.
- Cause-and-effect diagrams which classify chains of causes and effects to resolve quality problems.
- Failure mode and effects analysis (FMEA) which systematically checks for potential failures, causes, and consequences to improve reliability.
The document discusses three types of training for developing human resources: learning, training, and development. Learning involves acquiring new knowledge and skills, especially hands-on skills. Training strengthens existing knowledge and skills through re-education, especially hands-on skills. Development refers to building and improving attitudes, abilities, values and beliefs over time, especially for managers, and can be seen as transformational learning. While knowledge and skills can grow quickly through learning and training in the short term, building and improving attitudes, abilities, values and beliefs takes much longer time, even fundamentally without progress.
This document contains notes on optical engineering topics including:
1. Optical science and technology, including fiber optics, optical components, and optical circuits.
2. Sources of light including natural light sources like sunlight and artificial light sources like lasers.
3. Optical design engineering which involves using principles of optics and design software to model optical systems.
