ºÝºÝߣshows by User: ClaudeNangwat / http://www.slideshare.net/images/logo.gif ºÝºÝߣshows by User: ClaudeNangwat / Mon, 26 Mar 2018 22:17:02 GMT ºÝºÝߣShare feed for ºÝºÝߣshows by User: ClaudeNangwat Candidemia in HIV-positive patients in Dschang District Hospital (West Region of Cameroon) and susceptibility of Candida isolates to commonly used antifungals /slideshow/candidemia-in-hivpositive-patients-in-dschang-district-hospital-west-region-of-cameroon-and-susceptibility-of-candida-isolates-to-commonly-used-antifungals/91997821 candidemiainhivpatientsindschang-180326221702
Candidemia has been identified as a public health problem in HIV-infected patients. The evaluation of CD4 count, transaminases and blood glucose, are being used as a means to monitor the health of HIV-infected patients, without excluding the diagnosis of candidemia and other opportunistic infections. In order to contribute in improving the care of HIV-infected patients attending Dschang District Hospital and later on, in other hospitals in Cameroon, we conducted from June to September 2014 a cross-sectional study, with general objective; to determine the association between candidemia and selected biochemical and haematological parameter changes in HIV-infected patients, as a possible indicator in monitoring HIV disease progression. To do this, blood samples were collected from HIV-infected patients assigned to the UPEC of Dschang District Hospital for follow up, and haemogram report, CD4 counts, ALAT level, ASAT level, and glucose level in blood were evaluated by cytometric and spectrophotometric assays. Candida species were isolated from some blood samples, and then identified using CHROMagar Candida culture medium. The broth microdilution method was afterwards used to test the susceptibility of the fungal isolates vis-a-vis three conventional antifungal agents. Mycological analysis of blood samples showed that eight (08) patients had candidemia, a prevalence of 6.11%. Eight (08) isolates were obtained from these eight (08) candidemic HIV-infected patients; this consisted of 4(50%) Candida albicans, 3(37.5%) Candida parapsilosis and 1(12.5%) Candida glabrata. All these isolates were resistant (MICs ranged from 2 to >256 µg/mL) to the antifungals used, that is, ketoconazole, amphotericin B and nystatin. A significant correlation was found between candidemia and white blood cell count, with a correlation coefficient of r = 0.240 (p < 0.05). Based on the results obtained, the systematic diagnosis of candidemia should be performed in patients infected with HIV in Cameroon in order to improve on their care. Key words: Candidemia, HIV, biochemical parameters, hematological parameters, Antifungals activities. ]]>
Candidemia has been identified as a public health problem in HIV-infected patients. The evaluation of CD4 count, transaminases and blood glucose, are being used as a means to monitor the health of HIV-infected patients, without excluding the diagnosis of candidemia and other opportunistic infections. In order to contribute in improving the care of HIV-infected patients attending Dschang District Hospital and later on, in other hospitals in Cameroon, we conducted from June to September 2014 a cross-sectional study, with general objective; to determine the association between candidemia and selected biochemical and haematological parameter changes in HIV-infected patients, as a possible indicator in monitoring HIV disease progression. To do this, blood samples were collected from HIV-infected patients assigned to the UPEC of Dschang District Hospital for follow up, and haemogram report, CD4 counts, ALAT level, ASAT level, and glucose level in blood were evaluated by cytometric and spectrophotometric assays. Candida species were isolated from some blood samples, and then identified using CHROMagar Candida culture medium. The broth microdilution method was afterwards used to test the susceptibility of the fungal isolates vis-a-vis three conventional antifungal agents. Mycological analysis of blood samples showed that eight (08) patients had candidemia, a prevalence of 6.11%. Eight (08) isolates were obtained from these eight (08) candidemic HIV-infected patients; this consisted of 4(50%) Candida albicans, 3(37.5%) Candida parapsilosis and 1(12.5%) Candida glabrata. All these isolates were resistant (MICs ranged from 2 to >256 µg/mL) to the antifungals used, that is, ketoconazole, amphotericin B and nystatin. A significant correlation was found between candidemia and white blood cell count, with a correlation coefficient of r = 0.240 (p < 0.05). Based on the results obtained, the systematic diagnosis of candidemia should be performed in patients infected with HIV in Cameroon in order to improve on their care. Key words: Candidemia, HIV, biochemical parameters, hematological parameters, Antifungals activities. ]]> Mon, 26 Mar 2018 22:17:02 GMT /slideshow/candidemia-in-hivpositive-patients-in-dschang-district-hospital-west-region-of-cameroon-and-susceptibility-of-candida-isolates-to-commonly-used-antifungals/91997821 ClaudeNangwat@slideshare.net(ClaudeNangwat) Candidemia in HIV-positive patients in Dschang District Hospital (West Region of Cameroon) and susceptibility of Candida isolates to commonly used antifungals ClaudeNangwat Candidemia has been identified as a public health problem in HIV-infected patients. The evaluation of CD4 count, transaminases and blood glucose, are being used as a means to monitor the health of HIV-infected patients, without excluding the diagnosis of candidemia and other opportunistic infections. In order to contribute in improving the care of HIV-infected patients attending Dschang District Hospital and later on, in other hospitals in Cameroon, we conducted from June to September 2014 a cross-sectional study, with general objective; to determine the association between candidemia and selected biochemical and haematological parameter changes in HIV-infected patients, as a possible indicator in monitoring HIV disease progression. To do this, blood samples were collected from HIV-infected patients assigned to the UPEC of Dschang District Hospital for follow up, and haemogram report, CD4 counts, ALAT level, ASAT level, and glucose level in blood were evaluated by cytometric and spectrophotometric assays. Candida species were isolated from some blood samples, and then identified using CHROMagar Candida culture medium. The broth microdilution method was afterwards used to test the susceptibility of the fungal isolates vis-a-vis three conventional antifungal agents. Mycological analysis of blood samples showed that eight (08) patients had candidemia, a prevalence of 6.11%. Eight (08) isolates were obtained from these eight (08) candidemic HIV-infected patients; this consisted of 4(50%) Candida albicans, 3(37.5%) Candida parapsilosis and 1(12.5%) Candida glabrata. All these isolates were resistant (MICs ranged from 2 to >256 µg/mL) to the antifungals used, that is, ketoconazole, amphotericin B and nystatin. A significant correlation was found between candidemia and white blood cell count, with a correlation coefficient of r = 0.240 (p < 0.05). Based on the results obtained, the systematic diagnosis of candidemia should be performed in patients infected with HIV in Cameroon in order to improve on their care. Key words: Candidemia, HIV, biochemical parameters, hematological parameters, Antifungals activities. <img style="border:1px solid #C3E6D8;float:right;" alt="" src="https://cdn.slidesharecdn.com/ss_thumbnails/candidemiainhivpatientsindschang-180326221702-thumbnail.jpg?width=120&amp;height=120&amp;fit=bounds" /><br> Candidemia has been identified as a public health problem in HIV-infected patients. The evaluation of CD4 count, transaminases and blood glucose, are being used as a means to monitor the health of HIV-infected patients, without excluding the diagnosis of candidemia and other opportunistic infections. In order to contribute in improving the care of HIV-infected patients attending Dschang District Hospital and later on, in other hospitals in Cameroon, we conducted from June to September 2014 a cross-sectional study, with general objective; to determine the association between candidemia and selected biochemical and haematological parameter changes in HIV-infected patients, as a possible indicator in monitoring HIV disease progression. To do this, blood samples were collected from HIV-infected patients assigned to the UPEC of Dschang District Hospital for follow up, and haemogram report, CD4 counts, ALAT level, ASAT level, and glucose level in blood were evaluated by cytometric and spectrophotometric assays. Candida species were isolated from some blood samples, and then identified using CHROMagar Candida culture medium. The broth microdilution method was afterwards used to test the susceptibility of the fungal isolates vis-a-vis three conventional antifungal agents. Mycological analysis of blood samples showed that eight (08) patients had candidemia, a prevalence of 6.11%. Eight (08) isolates were obtained from these eight (08) candidemic HIV-infected patients; this consisted of 4(50%) Candida albicans, 3(37.5%) Candida parapsilosis and 1(12.5%) Candida glabrata. All these isolates were resistant (MICs ranged from 2 to &gt;256 µg/mL) to the antifungals used, that is, ketoconazole, amphotericin B and nystatin. A significant correlation was found between candidemia and white blood cell count, with a correlation coefficient of r = 0.240 (p &lt; 0.05). Based on the results obtained, the systematic diagnosis of candidemia should be performed in patients infected with HIV in Cameroon in order to improve on their care. Key words: Candidemia, HIV, biochemical parameters, hematological parameters, Antifungals activities.
Candidemia in HIV-positive patients in Dschang District Hospital (West Region of Cameroon) and susceptibility of Candida isolates to commonly used antifungals from Claude Nangwat
]]> 495 10 https://cdn.slidesharecdn.com/ss_thumbnails/candidemiainhivpatientsindschang-180326221702-thumbnail.jpg?width=120&height=120&fit=bounds presentation Black http://activitystrea.ms/schema/1.0/post http://activitystrea.ms/schema/1.0/posted 0 Genetic polymorphism /slideshow/genetic-polymorphism-91997247/91997247 geneticpolymorphism-180326220754
Genetic and environmental factors are the two keys that make human phenotype variations. When the genomic DNA sequences on equivalent chromosomes of any two individuals are compared, there is substantial variation in the sequence at many points throughout the genome. The term polymorphism was originally used to describe variations in shape and form that distinguish normal individuals within a species from each other. These days, geneticists use the term genetic polymorphisms to describe the inter-individual, functionally silent differences in DNA sequence that make each human genome unique. In order to better understand the phenomenon of genetic polymorphism, an emphasis has been laid on the structures and functions of nucleotides, genes and nucleic acids, including their relationship with polymorphism. Polymorphism can be caused by factors such as mutation, which is defined as a permanent transmissible change in DNA sequence. Mutations are classified based on where they occur somatic and germ line mutations) and the length of the nucleotide sequences they affect (gene-level and chromosomal mutations). The various types of polymorphisms include; single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), small-scale insertions/deletions, polymorphic repetitive elements, microsatellite variation and haplotypes. Variations in DNA sequences may have a major impact on how human beings respond to disease, bacteria, viruses, toxins, chemicals, drugs, and other therapies. Many clinical phenotypes observed in diseases seem to have considerable genetic components. Determining genetic polymorphism can be based on morphological, biochemical, and molecular types of information. However, molecular markers have advantages over other kinds, where they show genetic differences on a more detailed level without interferences from environmental factors, and where they involve techniques that provide fast results detailing genetic diversity. Some of the techniques used in studying polymorphisms include; PCR based techniques and techniques involving DNA based markers. Key words: Genetic polymorphism, effects in a population, ]]>
Genetic and environmental factors are the two keys that make human phenotype variations. When the genomic DNA sequences on equivalent chromosomes of any two individuals are compared, there is substantial variation in the sequence at many points throughout the genome. The term polymorphism was originally used to describe variations in shape and form that distinguish normal individuals within a species from each other. These days, geneticists use the term genetic polymorphisms to describe the inter-individual, functionally silent differences in DNA sequence that make each human genome unique. In order to better understand the phenomenon of genetic polymorphism, an emphasis has been laid on the structures and functions of nucleotides, genes and nucleic acids, including their relationship with polymorphism. Polymorphism can be caused by factors such as mutation, which is defined as a permanent transmissible change in DNA sequence. Mutations are classified based on where they occur somatic and germ line mutations) and the length of the nucleotide sequences they affect (gene-level and chromosomal mutations). The various types of polymorphisms include; single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), small-scale insertions/deletions, polymorphic repetitive elements, microsatellite variation and haplotypes. Variations in DNA sequences may have a major impact on how human beings respond to disease, bacteria, viruses, toxins, chemicals, drugs, and other therapies. Many clinical phenotypes observed in diseases seem to have considerable genetic components. Determining genetic polymorphism can be based on morphological, biochemical, and molecular types of information. However, molecular markers have advantages over other kinds, where they show genetic differences on a more detailed level without interferences from environmental factors, and where they involve techniques that provide fast results detailing genetic diversity. Some of the techniques used in studying polymorphisms include; PCR based techniques and techniques involving DNA based markers. Key words: Genetic polymorphism, effects in a population, ]]> Mon, 26 Mar 2018 22:07:54 GMT /slideshow/genetic-polymorphism-91997247/91997247 ClaudeNangwat@slideshare.net(ClaudeNangwat) Genetic polymorphism ClaudeNangwat Genetic and environmental factors are the two keys that make human phenotype variations. When the genomic DNA sequences on equivalent chromosomes of any two individuals are compared, there is substantial variation in the sequence at many points throughout the genome. The term polymorphism was originally used to describe variations in shape and form that distinguish normal individuals within a species from each other. These days, geneticists use the term genetic polymorphisms to describe the inter-individual, functionally silent differences in DNA sequence that make each human genome unique. In order to better understand the phenomenon of genetic polymorphism, an emphasis has been laid on the structures and functions of nucleotides, genes and nucleic acids, including their relationship with polymorphism. Polymorphism can be caused by factors such as mutation, which is defined as a permanent transmissible change in DNA sequence. Mutations are classified based on where they occur somatic and germ line mutations) and the length of the nucleotide sequences they affect (gene-level and chromosomal mutations). The various types of polymorphisms include; single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), small-scale insertions/deletions, polymorphic repetitive elements, microsatellite variation and haplotypes. Variations in DNA sequences may have a major impact on how human beings respond to disease, bacteria, viruses, toxins, chemicals, drugs, and other therapies. Many clinical phenotypes observed in diseases seem to have considerable genetic components. Determining genetic polymorphism can be based on morphological, biochemical, and molecular types of information. However, molecular markers have advantages over other kinds, where they show genetic differences on a more detailed level without interferences from environmental factors, and where they involve techniques that provide fast results detailing genetic diversity. Some of the techniques used in studying polymorphisms include; PCR based techniques and techniques involving DNA based markers. Key words: Genetic polymorphism, effects in a population, <img style="border:1px solid #C3E6D8;float:right;" alt="" src="https://cdn.slidesharecdn.com/ss_thumbnails/geneticpolymorphism-180326220754-thumbnail.jpg?width=120&amp;height=120&amp;fit=bounds" /><br> Genetic and environmental factors are the two keys that make human phenotype variations. When the genomic DNA sequences on equivalent chromosomes of any two individuals are compared, there is substantial variation in the sequence at many points throughout the genome. The term polymorphism was originally used to describe variations in shape and form that distinguish normal individuals within a species from each other. These days, geneticists use the term genetic polymorphisms to describe the inter-individual, functionally silent differences in DNA sequence that make each human genome unique. In order to better understand the phenomenon of genetic polymorphism, an emphasis has been laid on the structures and functions of nucleotides, genes and nucleic acids, including their relationship with polymorphism. Polymorphism can be caused by factors such as mutation, which is defined as a permanent transmissible change in DNA sequence. Mutations are classified based on where they occur somatic and germ line mutations) and the length of the nucleotide sequences they affect (gene-level and chromosomal mutations). The various types of polymorphisms include; single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), small-scale insertions/deletions, polymorphic repetitive elements, microsatellite variation and haplotypes. Variations in DNA sequences may have a major impact on how human beings respond to disease, bacteria, viruses, toxins, chemicals, drugs, and other therapies. Many clinical phenotypes observed in diseases seem to have considerable genetic components. Determining genetic polymorphism can be based on morphological, biochemical, and molecular types of information. However, molecular markers have advantages over other kinds, where they show genetic differences on a more detailed level without interferences from environmental factors, and where they involve techniques that provide fast results detailing genetic diversity. Some of the techniques used in studying polymorphisms include; PCR based techniques and techniques involving DNA based markers. Key words: Genetic polymorphism, effects in a population,
Genetic polymorphism from Claude Nangwat
]]> 15251 12 https://cdn.slidesharecdn.com/ss_thumbnails/geneticpolymorphism-180326220754-thumbnail.jpg?width=120&height=120&fit=bounds presentation Black http://activitystrea.ms/schema/1.0/post http://activitystrea.ms/schema/1.0/posted 0 "Urinary tract candidiasis in HIV+ patients and sensitivity patterns of recovered Candida species to antifungal drugs in Dschang District Hospital (Cameroon)". https://fr.slideshare.net/slideshow/urinary-tract-candidiasis-in-hiv-patients-and-sensitivity-patterns-of-recovered-candida-species-to-antifungal-drugs-in-dschang-district-hospital-cameroon/91996926 cambiosciencesconf-french-180326220220
The incidence of Candida urinary tract infections is gradually on the rise and is an important public health problem. The aim of our study was to determine the prevalence of urinary tract candidiasis (candiduria) in HIV positive patients in Dschang District Hospital and the antifungal susceptibility test of isolates. A total of 285 patients were recruited for this study. Midstream urine samples were collected and processed using standard mycological techniques. Candida isolates were identified base on the colony color on CHROMagar. Antifungal susceptibility testing of the isolates was performed by the broth dilution method using four commonly used antifungals. Results showed that 22% of patients had Candida spp in their urine. Candida albicans had a proportion of 37% against 63% for non-albicans Candida. Of the 53 isolates tested, ketoconazole had the highest percentage of resistance (88.6%) follow by fluconazole (64.1.6%), amphotericin B (56.6%) and nystatin (49.0%). The highest sensitivity was observed with nystatin (33.9%) while the lowest was found with ketoconazole (5.6%). In conclusion, the prevalence of candiduria among HIV positive patients in this study was 22%. Candida albicans remain the most frequently involved Candida species. Azole antifungals showed the highest resistance rate against all the Candida species isolates. Keywords: HIV+ patients, Candiduria, Candida spp, Antifungal susceptibility]]>
The incidence of Candida urinary tract infections is gradually on the rise and is an important public health problem. The aim of our study was to determine the prevalence of urinary tract candidiasis (candiduria) in HIV positive patients in Dschang District Hospital and the antifungal susceptibility test of isolates. A total of 285 patients were recruited for this study. Midstream urine samples were collected and processed using standard mycological techniques. Candida isolates were identified base on the colony color on CHROMagar. Antifungal susceptibility testing of the isolates was performed by the broth dilution method using four commonly used antifungals. Results showed that 22% of patients had Candida spp in their urine. Candida albicans had a proportion of 37% against 63% for non-albicans Candida. Of the 53 isolates tested, ketoconazole had the highest percentage of resistance (88.6%) follow by fluconazole (64.1.6%), amphotericin B (56.6%) and nystatin (49.0%). The highest sensitivity was observed with nystatin (33.9%) while the lowest was found with ketoconazole (5.6%). In conclusion, the prevalence of candiduria among HIV positive patients in this study was 22%. Candida albicans remain the most frequently involved Candida species. Azole antifungals showed the highest resistance rate against all the Candida species isolates. Keywords: HIV+ patients, Candiduria, Candida spp, Antifungal susceptibility]]> Mon, 26 Mar 2018 22:02:20 GMT https://fr.slideshare.net/slideshow/urinary-tract-candidiasis-in-hiv-patients-and-sensitivity-patterns-of-recovered-candida-species-to-antifungal-drugs-in-dschang-district-hospital-cameroon/91996926 ClaudeNangwat@slideshare.net(ClaudeNangwat) "Urinary tract candidiasis in HIV+ patients and sensitivity patterns of recovered Candida species to antifungal drugs in Dschang District Hospital (Cameroon)". ClaudeNangwat The incidence of Candida urinary tract infections is gradually on the rise and is an important public health problem. The aim of our study was to determine the prevalence of urinary tract candidiasis (candiduria) in HIV positive patients in Dschang District Hospital and the antifungal susceptibility test of isolates. A total of 285 patients were recruited for this study. Midstream urine samples were collected and processed using standard mycological techniques. Candida isolates were identified base on the colony color on CHROMagar. Antifungal susceptibility testing of the isolates was performed by the broth dilution method using four commonly used antifungals. Results showed that 22% of patients had Candida spp in their urine. Candida albicans had a proportion of 37% against 63% for non-albicans Candida. Of the 53 isolates tested, ketoconazole had the highest percentage of resistance (88.6%) follow by fluconazole (64.1.6%), amphotericin B (56.6%) and nystatin (49.0%). The highest sensitivity was observed with nystatin (33.9%) while the lowest was found with ketoconazole (5.6%). In conclusion, the prevalence of candiduria among HIV positive patients in this study was 22%. Candida albicans remain the most frequently involved Candida species. Azole antifungals showed the highest resistance rate against all the Candida species isolates. Keywords: HIV+ patients, Candiduria, Candida spp, Antifungal susceptibility <img style="border:1px solid #C3E6D8;float:right;" alt="" src="https://cdn.slidesharecdn.com/ss_thumbnails/cambiosciencesconf-french-180326220220-thumbnail.jpg?width=120&amp;height=120&amp;fit=bounds" /><br> The incidence of Candida urinary tract infections is gradually on the rise and is an important public health problem. The aim of our study was to determine the prevalence of urinary tract candidiasis (candiduria) in HIV positive patients in Dschang District Hospital and the antifungal susceptibility test of isolates. A total of 285 patients were recruited for this study. Midstream urine samples were collected and processed using standard mycological techniques. Candida isolates were identified base on the colony color on CHROMagar. Antifungal susceptibility testing of the isolates was performed by the broth dilution method using four commonly used antifungals. Results showed that 22% of patients had Candida spp in their urine. Candida albicans had a proportion of 37% against 63% for non-albicans Candida. Of the 53 isolates tested, ketoconazole had the highest percentage of resistance (88.6%) follow by fluconazole (64.1.6%), amphotericin B (56.6%) and nystatin (49.0%). The highest sensitivity was observed with nystatin (33.9%) while the lowest was found with ketoconazole (5.6%). In conclusion, the prevalence of candiduria among HIV positive patients in this study was 22%. Candida albicans remain the most frequently involved Candida species. Azole antifungals showed the highest resistance rate against all the Candida species isolates. Keywords: HIV+ patients, Candiduria, Candida spp, Antifungal susceptibility
from Claude Nangwat
]]> 210 5 https://cdn.slidesharecdn.com/ss_thumbnails/cambiosciencesconf-french-180326220220-thumbnail.jpg?width=120&height=120&fit=bounds presentation Black http://activitystrea.ms/schema/1.0/post http://activitystrea.ms/schema/1.0/posted 0 https://public.slidesharecdn.com/v2/images/profile-picture.png https://cdn.slidesharecdn.com/ss_thumbnails/candidemiainhivpatientsindschang-180326221702-thumbnail.jpg?width=320&height=320&fit=bounds slideshow/candidemia-in-hivpositive-patients-in-dschang-district-hospital-west-region-of-cameroon-and-susceptibility-of-candida-isolates-to-commonly-used-antifungals/91997821 Candidemia in HIV-posi... https://cdn.slidesharecdn.com/ss_thumbnails/geneticpolymorphism-180326220754-thumbnail.jpg?width=320&height=320&fit=bounds slideshow/genetic-polymorphism-91997247/91997247 Genetic polymorphism https://cdn.slidesharecdn.com/ss_thumbnails/cambiosciencesconf-french-180326220220-thumbnail.jpg?width=320&height=320&fit=bounds slideshow/urinary-tract-candidiasis-in-hiv-patients-and-sensitivity-patterns-of-recovered-candida-species-to-antifungal-drugs-in-dschang-district-hospital-cameroon/91996926 &quot;Urinary tract candidi...