�ݺ�ߣshows by User: Humi14

�ݺ�ߣshows by User: Humi14 / http://www.slideshare.net/images/logo.gif �ݺ�ߣshows by User: Humi14 / Wed, 27 Mar 2024 07:23:26 GMT �ݺ�ߣShare feed for �ݺ�ߣshows by User: Humi14 05 - Rizal's Exile, Trial, and Death (Part 1) | Life and Works of Rizal (�ݺ�ߣs) /slideshow/05-rizals-exile-trial-and-death-part-1-life-and-works-of-rizal-slides/266986124 05-rizalsexile-240327072326-8758faf7
Rizal's friends and relatives warned him against returning to the Philippines. Antonio Lopez wrote to him, "Nearly everyone opposes your coming, and I am of the same opinion." Rizal's sister was hysterical when she heard the news — "She cried and begged me to advise you not to return, for you would be killed." Despite their warnings, Rizal, firmly believing that the battlefield was in the Philippines, sailed to Manila on June 21, 1892, with his sister Lucia. Upon his arrival in Manila on June 26, 1892, Rizal was greeted by a group of patriots, including Apolinario Mabini, Deodato Arellano, Andres Bonifacio, and many others. Together, they founded La Liga Filipina, which means "The Filipino League." The Liga's constitution outlined five purposes: To unite the entire archipelago into a compact, vigorous, and homogeneous body. To provide mutual protection in every grievance and need. To defend against violence and injustice. To encourage educational, industrial, and agricultural enterprises. To study and implement reforms. La Liga Filipina also has a motto in Latin, Unus Instar Omnium, which means "One like all." Despite the absence of seditious language in its constitution, the Liga's Masonic roots and secrecy would be enough to arouse the Spanish government's suspicion. In addition, Rizal had just published his controversial novel El Filibusterismo. On July 6, three days after La Liga Filipina was formally established, Rizal was summoned to Malacañang and arrested. The reason was not related to La Liga Filipina, but to something the Spaniards had reportedly seen a few days earlier. On Sunday, June 26, 1892, upon arrival in Manila, Rizal and his sister were met by carabiniers and a major. Their luggage underwent a thorough inspection at the customs house, and the officials allowed them to proceed without further complications. However, during the search, a package containing "seditious paper" was discovered in Lucia's pillowcase. The papers were promptly confiscated and brought to the attention of Governor-General Despujol. The papers were said to contain a satire targeting wealthy Dominican friars. Rizal was asked who owned the pillows and mats, and he replied that they belonged to his sister. He denied that the leaflets belonged to him or his sister, but was arrested anyway and escorted to Fort Santiago. Manila newspapers published the Governor General's lengthy and intriguing decree, which outlined four charges that resulted in Rizal's exile. During his “voluntary exile,” he had published books and proclamations of very doubtful loyalty to Spain, which are not only frankly anti-Catholic, but impudently anti-friar, and introduced these into the archipelago. A few hours after his arrival in the Philippines, there was found in one of the packages belonging to the said subject a bundle of handbills entitled “The Poor Friars” in which the patient and humble generosity of the Filipinos was satirized and in which accusations were published against.]]>
Rizal's friends and relatives warned him against returning to the Philippines. Antonio Lopez wrote to him, "Nearly everyone opposes your coming, and I am of the same opinion." Rizal's sister was hysterical when she heard the news — "She cried and begged me to advise you not to return, for you would be killed." Despite their warnings, Rizal, firmly believing that the battlefield was in the Philippines, sailed to Manila on June 21, 1892, with his sister Lucia. Upon his arrival in Manila on June 26, 1892, Rizal was greeted by a group of patriots, including Apolinario Mabini, Deodato Arellano, Andres Bonifacio, and many others. Together, they founded La Liga Filipina, which means "The Filipino League." The Liga's constitution outlined five purposes: To unite the entire archipelago into a compact, vigorous, and homogeneous body. To provide mutual protection in every grievance and need. To defend against violence and injustice. To encourage educational, industrial, and agricultural enterprises. To study and implement reforms. La Liga Filipina also has a motto in Latin, Unus Instar Omnium, which means "One like all." Despite the absence of seditious language in its constitution, the Liga's Masonic roots and secrecy would be enough to arouse the Spanish government's suspicion. In addition, Rizal had just published his controversial novel El Filibusterismo. On July 6, three days after La Liga Filipina was formally established, Rizal was summoned to Malacañang and arrested. The reason was not related to La Liga Filipina, but to something the Spaniards had reportedly seen a few days earlier. On Sunday, June 26, 1892, upon arrival in Manila, Rizal and his sister were met by carabiniers and a major. Their luggage underwent a thorough inspection at the customs house, and the officials allowed them to proceed without further complications. However, during the search, a package containing "seditious paper" was discovered in Lucia's pillowcase. The papers were promptly confiscated and brought to the attention of Governor-General Despujol. The papers were said to contain a satire targeting wealthy Dominican friars. Rizal was asked who owned the pillows and mats, and he replied that they belonged to his sister. He denied that the leaflets belonged to him or his sister, but was arrested anyway and escorted to Fort Santiago. Manila newspapers published the Governor General's lengthy and intriguing decree, which outlined four charges that resulted in Rizal's exile. During his “voluntary exile,” he had published books and proclamations of very doubtful loyalty to Spain, which are not only frankly anti-Catholic, but impudently anti-friar, and introduced these into the archipelago. A few hours after his arrival in the Philippines, there was found in one of the packages belonging to the said subject a bundle of handbills entitled “The Poor Friars” in which the patient and humble generosity of the Filipinos was satirized and in which accusations were published against.]]> Wed, 27 Mar 2024 07:23:26 GMT /slideshow/05-rizals-exile-trial-and-death-part-1-life-and-works-of-rizal-slides/266986124 Humi14@slideshare.net(Humi14) 05 - Rizal's Exile, Trial, and Death (Part 1) | Life and Works of Rizal (�ݺ�ߣs) Humi14 Rizal's friends and relatives warned him against returning to the Philippines. Antonio Lopez wrote to him, "Nearly everyone opposes your coming, and I am of the same opinion." Rizal's sister was hysterical when she heard the news — "She cried and begged me to advise you not to return, for you would be killed." Despite their warnings, Rizal, firmly believing that the battlefield was in the Philippines, sailed to Manila on June 21, 1892, with his sister Lucia. Upon his arrival in Manila on June 26, 1892, Rizal was greeted by a group of patriots, including Apolinario Mabini, Deodato Arellano, Andres Bonifacio, and many others. Together, they founded La Liga Filipina, which means "The Filipino League." The Liga's constitution outlined five purposes: To unite the entire archipelago into a compact, vigorous, and homogeneous body. To provide mutual protection in every grievance and need. To defend against violence and injustice. To encourage educational, industrial, and agricultural enterprises. To study and implement reforms. La Liga Filipina also has a motto in Latin, Unus Instar Omnium, which means "One like all." Despite the absence of seditious language in its constitution, the Liga's Masonic roots and secrecy would be enough to arouse the Spanish government's suspicion. In addition, Rizal had just published his controversial novel El Filibusterismo. On July 6, three days after La Liga Filipina was formally established, Rizal was summoned to Malacañang and arrested. The reason was not related to La Liga Filipina, but to something the Spaniards had reportedly seen a few days earlier. On Sunday, June 26, 1892, upon arrival in Manila, Rizal and his sister were met by carabiniers and a major. Their luggage underwent a thorough inspection at the customs house, and the officials allowed them to proceed without further complications. However, during the search, a package containing "seditious paper" was discovered in Lucia's pillowcase. The papers were promptly confiscated and brought to the attention of Governor-General Despujol. The papers were said to contain a satire targeting wealthy Dominican friars. Rizal was asked who owned the pillows and mats, and he replied that they belonged to his sister. He denied that the leaflets belonged to him or his sister, but was arrested anyway and escorted to Fort Santiago. Manila newspapers published the Governor General's lengthy and intriguing decree, which outlined four charges that resulted in Rizal's exile. During his “voluntary exile,” he had published books and proclamations of very doubtful loyalty to Spain, which are not only frankly anti-Catholic, but impudently anti-friar, and introduced these into the archipelago. A few hours after his arrival in the Philippines, there was found in one of the packages belonging to the said subject a bundle of handbills entitled “The Poor Friars” in which the patient and humble generosity of the Filipinos was satirized and in which accusations were published against. <img style="border:1px solid #C3E6D8;float:right;" alt="" src="https://cdn.slidesharecdn.com/ss_thumbnails/05-rizalsexile-240327072326-8758faf7-thumbnail.jpg?width=120&height=120&fit=bounds" /> Rizal's friends and relatives warned him against returning to the Philippines. Antonio Lopez wrote to him, "Nearly everyone opposes your coming, and I am of the same opinion." Rizal's sister was hysterical when she heard the news — "She cried and begged me to advise you not to return, for you would be killed." Despite their warnings, Rizal, firmly believing that the battlefield was in the Philippines, sailed to Manila on June 21, 1892, with his sister Lucia. Upon his arrival in Manila on June 26, 1892, Rizal was greeted by a group of patriots, including Apolinario Mabini, Deodato Arellano, Andres Bonifacio, and many others. Together, they founded La Liga Filipina, which means "The Filipino League." The Liga's constitution outlined five purposes: To unite the entire archipelago into a compact, vigorous, and homogeneous body. To provide mutual protection in every grievance and need. To defend against violence and injustice. To encourage educational, industrial, and agricultural enterprises. To study and implement reforms. La Liga Filipina also has a motto in Latin, Unus Instar Omnium, which means "One like all." Despite the absence of seditious language in its constitution, the Liga's Masonic roots and secrecy would be enough to arouse the Spanish government's suspicion. In addition, Rizal had just published his controversial novel El Filibusterismo. On July 6, three days after La Liga Filipina was formally established, Rizal was summoned to Malacañang and arrested. The reason was not related to La Liga Filipina, but to something the Spaniards had reportedly seen a few days earlier. On Sunday, June 26, 1892, upon arrival in Manila, Rizal and his sister were met by carabiniers and a major. Their luggage underwent a thorough inspection at the customs house, and the officials allowed them to proceed without further complications. However, during the search, a package containing "seditious paper" was discovered in Lucia's pillowcase. The papers were promptly confiscated and brought to the attention of Governor-General Despujol. The papers were said to contain a satire targeting wealthy Dominican friars. Rizal was asked who owned the pillows and mats, and he replied that they belonged to his sister. He denied that the leaflets belonged to him or his sister, but was arrested anyway and escorted to Fort Santiago. Manila newspapers published the Governor General's lengthy and intriguing decree, which outlined four charges that resulted in Rizal's exile. During his “voluntary exile,” he had published books and proclamations of very doubtful loyalty to Spain, which are not only frankly anti-Catholic, but impudently anti-friar, and introduced these into the archipelago. A few hours after his arrival in the Philippines, there was found in one of the packages belonging to the said subject a bundle of handbills entitled “The Poor Friars” in which the patient and humble generosity of the Filipinos was satirized and in which accusations were published against.

05 - Rizal's Exile, Trial, and Death (Part 1) | Life and Works of Rizal (�ݺ�ߣs) from Humi

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0 04 - Rizal's Life: Higher Education and Life Abroad (Part 2) | Life and Works of Rizal (�ݺ�ߣs) /slideshow/04-rizals-life-higher-education-and-life-abroad-part-2-life-and-works-of-rizal-slides/264222324 hello4-231203072844-6392236e
On May 3, 1882, Jose Rizal secretly left the Philippines aboard the S.S. Salvadora. Only his brother Paciano, two sisters, and a few close friends knew about his departure. Rizal knew that his parents would not approve of his decision to leave, as they feared for his safety. Jose Rizal went to Madrid in 1882, where his brother Paciano wanted him to stay because it was the center of all the provinces of Spain and where he could learn the most.⁷ Rizal wasted no time in Madrid. He began writing for the Diariong Tagalog under the pseudonym Laong Laan, which means "ever prepared." On August 20, 1882, his essay "El Amor Patrio" (Love of Country) was published. This work focuses on the author's perceptions of the Philippines, both tangible and imagined. It paints the Philippines as a homeland, worthy of love and protection. In his essay, Rizal wrote: "Love is an extremely powerful force behind most noble activities. Of all loves, the love of country has inspired the grandest, the most heroic, and the most selfless of deeds. We need only read history books, historical records, or traditions to see this." After writing "El Amor Patrio," Rizal suspended writing articles about the country because of his mother's opposition. The essay had alerted Spanish officials to Rizal's nationalistic tendencies, and his mother feared that he would be arrested. Rizal also had a difficult time gaining fame, so, he decided to focus on his studies instead. Rizal enrolled at the Universidad Central de Madrid on November 3, 1882. He first enrolled in medicine, and later also enrolled in philosophy and letters. He found time for additional lessons, such as painting and sculpture at the Academy of San Carlos, and drawing at the Academia de Bellas Artes de San Fernando. He also found time to study French, German, and English. Circulo Hispano-Filipino During his first year in Madrid, José Rizal joined the Circulo Hispano-Filipino, a Filipino student organization that met regularly to discuss political issues and to voice out the concerns of Filipinos. The organization was able to publish the newspaper Revista del Circulo Hispano-Filipino, which aimed to express thoughts about the abusive Spanish government. However, the publication was short-lived due to lack of funds and conflicting political issues. This led to the dissolution of the organization. Notable members of the organization included José Rizal, Marcelo H. del Pilar, Juan Luna, and Graciano López Jaena. Jose Rizal had a difficult time financially during his stay in Madrid. His family's financial status had been declining due to crop failures and the increase in rentals of the Dominican hacienda lands in his hometown. As a result, the monthly allowance that Rizal received from the Philippines was often delayed or not enough. No Time To Waste Jose Rizal went to Madrid in 1882, where his brother Paciano wanted him to stay because it was the center of all the provinces of..]]>
On May 3, 1882, Jose Rizal secretly left the Philippines aboard the S.S. Salvadora. Only his brother Paciano, two sisters, and a few close friends knew about his departure. Rizal knew that his parents would not approve of his decision to leave, as they feared for his safety. Jose Rizal went to Madrid in 1882, where his brother Paciano wanted him to stay because it was the center of all the provinces of Spain and where he could learn the most.⁷ Rizal wasted no time in Madrid. He began writing for the Diariong Tagalog under the pseudonym Laong Laan, which means "ever prepared." On August 20, 1882, his essay "El Amor Patrio" (Love of Country) was published. This work focuses on the author's perceptions of the Philippines, both tangible and imagined. It paints the Philippines as a homeland, worthy of love and protection. In his essay, Rizal wrote: "Love is an extremely powerful force behind most noble activities. Of all loves, the love of country has inspired the grandest, the most heroic, and the most selfless of deeds. We need only read history books, historical records, or traditions to see this." After writing "El Amor Patrio," Rizal suspended writing articles about the country because of his mother's opposition. The essay had alerted Spanish officials to Rizal's nationalistic tendencies, and his mother feared that he would be arrested. Rizal also had a difficult time gaining fame, so, he decided to focus on his studies instead. Rizal enrolled at the Universidad Central de Madrid on November 3, 1882. He first enrolled in medicine, and later also enrolled in philosophy and letters. He found time for additional lessons, such as painting and sculpture at the Academy of San Carlos, and drawing at the Academia de Bellas Artes de San Fernando. He also found time to study French, German, and English. Circulo Hispano-Filipino During his first year in Madrid, José Rizal joined the Circulo Hispano-Filipino, a Filipino student organization that met regularly to discuss political issues and to voice out the concerns of Filipinos. The organization was able to publish the newspaper Revista del Circulo Hispano-Filipino, which aimed to express thoughts about the abusive Spanish government. However, the publication was short-lived due to lack of funds and conflicting political issues. This led to the dissolution of the organization. Notable members of the organization included José Rizal, Marcelo H. del Pilar, Juan Luna, and Graciano López Jaena. Jose Rizal had a difficult time financially during his stay in Madrid. His family's financial status had been declining due to crop failures and the increase in rentals of the Dominican hacienda lands in his hometown. As a result, the monthly allowance that Rizal received from the Philippines was often delayed or not enough. No Time To Waste Jose Rizal went to Madrid in 1882, where his brother Paciano wanted him to stay because it was the center of all the provinces of..]]> Sun, 03 Dec 2023 07:28:44 GMT /slideshow/04-rizals-life-higher-education-and-life-abroad-part-2-life-and-works-of-rizal-slides/264222324 Humi14@slideshare.net(Humi14) 04 - Rizal's Life: Higher Education and Life Abroad (Part 2) | Life and Works of Rizal (�ݺ�ߣs) Humi14 On May 3, 1882, Jose Rizal secretly left the Philippines aboard the S.S. Salvadora. Only his brother Paciano, two sisters, and a few close friends knew about his departure. Rizal knew that his parents would not approve of his decision to leave, as they feared for his safety. Jose Rizal went to Madrid in 1882, where his brother Paciano wanted him to stay because it was the center of all the provinces of Spain and where he could learn the most.⁷ Rizal wasted no time in Madrid. He began writing for the Diariong Tagalog under the pseudonym Laong Laan, which means "ever prepared." On August 20, 1882, his essay "El Amor Patrio" (Love of Country) was published. This work focuses on the author's perceptions of the Philippines, both tangible and imagined. It paints the Philippines as a homeland, worthy of love and protection. In his essay, Rizal wrote: "Love is an extremely powerful force behind most noble activities. Of all loves, the love of country has inspired the grandest, the most heroic, and the most selfless of deeds. We need only read history books, historical records, or traditions to see this." After writing "El Amor Patrio," Rizal suspended writing articles about the country because of his mother's opposition. The essay had alerted Spanish officials to Rizal's nationalistic tendencies, and his mother feared that he would be arrested. Rizal also had a difficult time gaining fame, so, he decided to focus on his studies instead. Rizal enrolled at the Universidad Central de Madrid on November 3, 1882. He first enrolled in medicine, and later also enrolled in philosophy and letters. He found time for additional lessons, such as painting and sculpture at the Academy of San Carlos, and drawing at the Academia de Bellas Artes de San Fernando. He also found time to study French, German, and English. Circulo Hispano-Filipino During his first year in Madrid, José Rizal joined the Circulo Hispano-Filipino, a Filipino student organization that met regularly to discuss political issues and to voice out the concerns of Filipinos. The organization was able to publish the newspaper Revista del Circulo Hispano-Filipino, which aimed to express thoughts about the abusive Spanish government. However, the publication was short-lived due to lack of funds and conflicting political issues. This led to the dissolution of the organization. Notable members of the organization included José Rizal, Marcelo H. del Pilar, Juan Luna, and Graciano López Jaena. Jose Rizal had a difficult time financially during his stay in Madrid. His family's financial status had been declining due to crop failures and the increase in rentals of the Dominican hacienda lands in his hometown. As a result, the monthly allowance that Rizal received from the Philippines was often delayed or not enough. No Time To Waste Jose Rizal went to Madrid in 1882, where his brother Paciano wanted him to stay because it was the center of all the provinces of.. <img style="border:1px solid #C3E6D8;float:right;" alt="" src="https://cdn.slidesharecdn.com/ss_thumbnails/hello4-231203072844-6392236e-thumbnail.jpg?width=120&height=120&fit=bounds" /> On May 3, 1882, Jose Rizal secretly left the Philippines aboard the S.S. Salvadora. Only his brother Paciano, two sisters, and a few close friends knew about his departure. Rizal knew that his parents would not approve of his decision to leave, as they feared for his safety. Jose Rizal went to Madrid in 1882, where his brother Paciano wanted him to stay because it was the center of all the provinces of Spain and where he could learn the most.⁷ Rizal wasted no time in Madrid. He began writing for the Diariong Tagalog under the pseudonym Laong Laan, which means "ever prepared." On August 20, 1882, his essay "El Amor Patrio" (Love of Country) was published. This work focuses on the author's perceptions of the Philippines, both tangible and imagined. It paints the Philippines as a homeland, worthy of love and protection. In his essay, Rizal wrote: "Love is an extremely powerful force behind most noble activities. Of all loves, the love of country has inspired the grandest, the most heroic, and the most selfless of deeds. We need only read history books, historical records, or traditions to see this." After writing "El Amor Patrio," Rizal suspended writing articles about the country because of his mother's opposition. The essay had alerted Spanish officials to Rizal's nationalistic tendencies, and his mother feared that he would be arrested. Rizal also had a difficult time gaining fame, so, he decided to focus on his studies instead. Rizal enrolled at the Universidad Central de Madrid on November 3, 1882. He first enrolled in medicine, and later also enrolled in philosophy and letters. He found time for additional lessons, such as painting and sculpture at the Academy of San Carlos, and drawing at the Academia de Bellas Artes de San Fernando. He also found time to study French, German, and English. Circulo Hispano-Filipino During his first year in Madrid, José Rizal joined the Circulo Hispano-Filipino, a Filipino student organization that met regularly to discuss political issues and to voice out the concerns of Filipinos. The organization was able to publish the newspaper Revista del Circulo Hispano-Filipino, which aimed to express thoughts about the abusive Spanish government. However, the publication was short-lived due to lack of funds and conflicting political issues. This led to the dissolution of the organization. Notable members of the organization included José Rizal, Marcelo H. del Pilar, Juan Luna, and Graciano López Jaena. Jose Rizal had a difficult time financially during his stay in Madrid. His family's financial status had been declining due to crop failures and the increase in rentals of the Dominican hacienda lands in his hometown. As a result, the monthly allowance that Rizal received from the Philippines was often delayed or not enough. No Time To Waste Jose Rizal went to Madrid in 1882, where his brother Paciano wanted him to stay because it was the center of all the provinces of..

04 - Rizal's Life: Higher Education and Life Abroad (Part 2) | Life and Works of Rizal (�ݺ�ߣs) from Humi

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0 04 - Rizal's Life: Higher Education and Life Abroad (Part 1) | Life and Works of Rizal (�ݺ�ߣs) /slideshow/04-rizals-life-higher-education-and-life-abroad-part-1-life-and-works-of-rizal-slides/264155666 04-rizalshighered-231201090537-c0069043
Rizal enrolled in the six-year Bachiller en Artes program at Ateneo, which exposed students to five subjects: Christian doctrine; Languages of Spanish, Latin, Greek and French; History and Geography (world history and geography, history of Spain and the Philippines; Mathematics and Sciences (geometry, trigonometry, mineralogy, chemistry, physics, botany and zoology); and the Classic disciplines (poetry, rhetoric, and philosophy). Teaching at Ateneo was unique because classes were divided into two groups that constantly competed against each other to foster healthy competition. One group, called the Roman Empire, was comprised of the interns (boarders), while the other, the Carthaginian Empire, consisted of the externs (non-boarders). Within each empire, members were also in continuous competition as they vied for the top ranks, called dignitaries, with Emperor being the highest position, followed by Tribune, Decurion, Centurion, and Standard-Bearer, respectively. On Rizal's first day, he went to mass at the college chapel and prayed for guidance and success. Then, he went to his class, which consisted of Spaniards, mestizos, and Filipinos. Since he was new and didn't know much Spanish, Rizal was placed at the bottom of the class as an externo. However, he quickly showed that he was a hardworking and capable student. Within a week, he was moved up to a higher rank. He continued to do well, and within a month, he became the Emperor of their empire. As a reward, he received a religious picture. To improve his Spanish, Rizal took private lessons at Santa Isabel College during his lunch breaks. He paid three pesos each month, which was a substantial amount of money at that time. In the second half of his first year, Rizal felt like he hadn't worked hard enough. He wasn't able to stay at the top of his class like he did in the first half, and instead consistently got second place in all of his subjects. His teacher's negative comments about him made him lose motivation. After studying at the Ateneo, Jose Rizal enrolled in the University of Santo Tomas (UST), a Dominican school that was established in 1611. Donya Teodora, a known advocate for education, surprised her son, Jose Rizal, when she forbade him from studying at the University of Santo Tomas (UST). In his student memoirs, Rizal wrote: "I still remember and will never forget that when I was sixteen, my mother told my father, 'Don't send him to Manila any longer. He knows enough; if he gets to know more, they will cut off his head.' My father did not reply, but my brother took me to Manila despite my mother's tears." In April 1877, nearly sixteen-year-old Jose Rizal took a course of Philosophy and Letters in the Dominican school. The reason behind this is his father, who wants him to study metaphysics. This will give him a solid foundation in the liberal arts, which could prepare him for a career in law. At the same time, he took a course of surveying in Ateneo.]]>
Rizal enrolled in the six-year Bachiller en Artes program at Ateneo, which exposed students to five subjects: Christian doctrine; Languages of Spanish, Latin, Greek and French; History and Geography (world history and geography, history of Spain and the Philippines; Mathematics and Sciences (geometry, trigonometry, mineralogy, chemistry, physics, botany and zoology); and the Classic disciplines (poetry, rhetoric, and philosophy). Teaching at Ateneo was unique because classes were divided into two groups that constantly competed against each other to foster healthy competition. One group, called the Roman Empire, was comprised of the interns (boarders), while the other, the Carthaginian Empire, consisted of the externs (non-boarders). Within each empire, members were also in continuous competition as they vied for the top ranks, called dignitaries, with Emperor being the highest position, followed by Tribune, Decurion, Centurion, and Standard-Bearer, respectively. On Rizal's first day, he went to mass at the college chapel and prayed for guidance and success. Then, he went to his class, which consisted of Spaniards, mestizos, and Filipinos. Since he was new and didn't know much Spanish, Rizal was placed at the bottom of the class as an externo. However, he quickly showed that he was a hardworking and capable student. Within a week, he was moved up to a higher rank. He continued to do well, and within a month, he became the Emperor of their empire. As a reward, he received a religious picture. To improve his Spanish, Rizal took private lessons at Santa Isabel College during his lunch breaks. He paid three pesos each month, which was a substantial amount of money at that time. In the second half of his first year, Rizal felt like he hadn't worked hard enough. He wasn't able to stay at the top of his class like he did in the first half, and instead consistently got second place in all of his subjects. His teacher's negative comments about him made him lose motivation. After studying at the Ateneo, Jose Rizal enrolled in the University of Santo Tomas (UST), a Dominican school that was established in 1611. Donya Teodora, a known advocate for education, surprised her son, Jose Rizal, when she forbade him from studying at the University of Santo Tomas (UST). In his student memoirs, Rizal wrote: "I still remember and will never forget that when I was sixteen, my mother told my father, 'Don't send him to Manila any longer. He knows enough; if he gets to know more, they will cut off his head.' My father did not reply, but my brother took me to Manila despite my mother's tears." In April 1877, nearly sixteen-year-old Jose Rizal took a course of Philosophy and Letters in the Dominican school. The reason behind this is his father, who wants him to study metaphysics. This will give him a solid foundation in the liberal arts, which could prepare him for a career in law. At the same time, he took a course of surveying in Ateneo.]]> Fri, 01 Dec 2023 09:05:37 GMT /slideshow/04-rizals-life-higher-education-and-life-abroad-part-1-life-and-works-of-rizal-slides/264155666 Humi14@slideshare.net(Humi14) 04 - Rizal's Life: Higher Education and Life Abroad (Part 1) | Life and Works of Rizal (�ݺ�ߣs) Humi14 Rizal enrolled in the six-year Bachiller en Artes program at Ateneo, which exposed students to five subjects: Christian doctrine; Languages of Spanish, Latin, Greek and French; History and Geography (world history and geography, history of Spain and the Philippines; Mathematics and Sciences (geometry, trigonometry, mineralogy, chemistry, physics, botany and zoology); and the Classic disciplines (poetry, rhetoric, and philosophy). Teaching at Ateneo was unique because classes were divided into two groups that constantly competed against each other to foster healthy competition. One group, called the Roman Empire, was comprised of the interns (boarders), while the other, the Carthaginian Empire, consisted of the externs (non-boarders). Within each empire, members were also in continuous competition as they vied for the top ranks, called dignitaries, with Emperor being the highest position, followed by Tribune, Decurion, Centurion, and Standard-Bearer, respectively. On Rizal's first day, he went to mass at the college chapel and prayed for guidance and success. Then, he went to his class, which consisted of Spaniards, mestizos, and Filipinos. Since he was new and didn't know much Spanish, Rizal was placed at the bottom of the class as an externo. However, he quickly showed that he was a hardworking and capable student. Within a week, he was moved up to a higher rank. He continued to do well, and within a month, he became the Emperor of their empire. As a reward, he received a religious picture. To improve his Spanish, Rizal took private lessons at Santa Isabel College during his lunch breaks. He paid three pesos each month, which was a substantial amount of money at that time. In the second half of his first year, Rizal felt like he hadn't worked hard enough. He wasn't able to stay at the top of his class like he did in the first half, and instead consistently got second place in all of his subjects. His teacher's negative comments about him made him lose motivation. After studying at the Ateneo, Jose Rizal enrolled in the University of Santo Tomas (UST), a Dominican school that was established in 1611. Donya Teodora, a known advocate for education, surprised her son, Jose Rizal, when she forbade him from studying at the University of Santo Tomas (UST). In his student memoirs, Rizal wrote: "I still remember and will never forget that when I was sixteen, my mother told my father, 'Don't send him to Manila any longer. He knows enough; if he gets to know more, they will cut off his head.' My father did not reply, but my brother took me to Manila despite my mother's tears." In April 1877, nearly sixteen-year-old Jose Rizal took a course of Philosophy and Letters in the Dominican school. The reason behind this is his father, who wants him to study metaphysics. This will give him a solid foundation in the liberal arts, which could prepare him for a career in law. At the same time, he took a course of surveying in Ateneo. <img style="border:1px solid #C3E6D8;float:right;" alt="" src="https://cdn.slidesharecdn.com/ss_thumbnails/04-rizalshighered-231201090537-c0069043-thumbnail.jpg?width=120&height=120&fit=bounds" /> Rizal enrolled in the six-year Bachiller en Artes program at Ateneo, which exposed students to five subjects: Christian doctrine; Languages of Spanish, Latin, Greek and French; History and Geography (world history and geography, history of Spain and the Philippines; Mathematics and Sciences (geometry, trigonometry, mineralogy, chemistry, physics, botany and zoology); and the Classic disciplines (poetry, rhetoric, and philosophy). Teaching at Ateneo was unique because classes were divided into two groups that constantly competed against each other to foster healthy competition. One group, called the Roman Empire, was comprised of the interns (boarders), while the other, the Carthaginian Empire, consisted of the externs (non-boarders). Within each empire, members were also in continuous competition as they vied for the top ranks, called dignitaries, with Emperor being the highest position, followed by Tribune, Decurion, Centurion, and Standard-Bearer, respectively. On Rizal's first day, he went to mass at the college chapel and prayed for guidance and success. Then, he went to his class, which consisted of Spaniards, mestizos, and Filipinos. Since he was new and didn't know much Spanish, Rizal was placed at the bottom of the class as an externo. However, he quickly showed that he was a hardworking and capable student. Within a week, he was moved up to a higher rank. He continued to do well, and within a month, he became the Emperor of their empire. As a reward, he received a religious picture. To improve his Spanish, Rizal took private lessons at Santa Isabel College during his lunch breaks. He paid three pesos each month, which was a substantial amount of money at that time. In the second half of his first year, Rizal felt like he hadn't worked hard enough. He wasn't able to stay at the top of his class like he did in the first half, and instead consistently got second place in all of his subjects. His teacher's negative comments about him made him lose motivation. After studying at the Ateneo, Jose Rizal enrolled in the University of Santo Tomas (UST), a Dominican school that was established in 1611. Donya Teodora, a known advocate for education, surprised her son, Jose Rizal, when she forbade him from studying at the University of Santo Tomas (UST). In his student memoirs, Rizal wrote: "I still remember and will never forget that when I was sixteen, my mother told my father, 'Don't send him to Manila any longer. He knows enough; if he gets to know more, they will cut off his head.' My father did not reply, but my brother took me to Manila despite my mother's tears." In April 1877, nearly sixteen-year-old Jose Rizal took a course of Philosophy and Letters in the Dominican school. The reason behind this is his father, who wants him to study metaphysics. This will give him a solid foundation in the liberal arts, which could prepare him for a career in law. At the same time, he took a course of surveying in Ateneo.

04 - Rizal's Life: Higher Education and Life Abroad (Part 1) | Life and Works of Rizal (�ݺ�ߣs) from Humi

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0 03 - Rizal's Family, Childhood, and Early Education | Life and Works of Rizal (�ݺ�ߣs) /slideshow/03-rizals-family-childhood-and-early-education-life-and-works-of-rizal-slides/263268495 03-rizalsfamilychildhoodandearlyeducation-lifeandworksofrizal-231110140052-5c80521c
Jose Protacio Rizal was born on June 19, 1861, in Calamba, Laguna. His birth was not an easy one, as his mother struggled to deliver him due to the size of his head. Fortunately, both Rizal and his mother survived. Three days after his birth, Jose Protacio Rizal was baptized at a Catholic Church by Father Rufino Collantes. He was named after two saints: Saint Joseph, after his mother's devotion to him, and Saint Gervacio Protacio, whose feast day is June 19, the same day as Rizal's birth. During the baptism ceremony, Father Rufino Collantes noticed that Rizal's head was unusually large for a baby. The priest was astonished and advised Rizal's family to take good care of him, as he believed that the large head was a sign of intelligence and that Rizal would one day become a great man. Francisco Mercado Rizal was born on May 11, 1818, in Biñan, Laguna. He studied Latin and philosophy at the College of San Jose in Manila.²² After losing both of his parents, Francisco moved to Calamba to work in a hacienda owned by a Dominican friar.²³ (Note: Francisco's family was not poor, but likely, he made his inherited wealth grow more through farming and trading.) In Calamba, Francisco (also known as Don Francisco or Tiniente Kiko) was well-respected. He was elected by the citizens of Calamba to be their "cabeza de barangay," or head of the town. He was a man of few words but great actions, with a strong body and a sharp mind. His son, Jose Rizal, affectionately called him "a model of fathers" in his student memoirs. Jose Rizal deeply admired and loved his father, as evidenced by the art he created in his honor. In 1881, Jose made a clay bust of Don Kiko. Six years later, he carved a life-size wood sculpture of him. In honor of his father, Jose even named his premature son (with Josephine Bracken) 'Francisco,' according to some sources. Before his death, Jose Rizal even wrote letters to his brother and father expressing his love and gratitude to the latter. Through Don Kiko's independence, determination, and hard work, he instilled in his son a free spirit that would inspire Jose Rizal to become who he was.²⁷ Don Francisco's life and legacy are a testament to the importance of hard work, perseverance, and love for family and community. Teodora Alonso Realonda y Quintos was born on November 8, 1826, in Manila.²⁸ She came from a long line of principalia, the ruling and educated upper class in the towns during the Spanish occupation.These ex-datus cooperated with the Spanish in subjugating their former subjects and, in turn, were rewarded with government positions such as gobernadorcillos (mayor) and cabezas de barangay (town chief). The principalia status was hereditary, including the government positions they held. Her father and grandfather served as gobernadorcillos, the highest position any Filipino could hold in government. Her grandfather, Cipriano Alonso, served as Biñan’s gobernadorcillo in 1790 and 1802...]]>
Jose Protacio Rizal was born on June 19, 1861, in Calamba, Laguna. His birth was not an easy one, as his mother struggled to deliver him due to the size of his head. Fortunately, both Rizal and his mother survived. Three days after his birth, Jose Protacio Rizal was baptized at a Catholic Church by Father Rufino Collantes. He was named after two saints: Saint Joseph, after his mother's devotion to him, and Saint Gervacio Protacio, whose feast day is June 19, the same day as Rizal's birth. During the baptism ceremony, Father Rufino Collantes noticed that Rizal's head was unusually large for a baby. The priest was astonished and advised Rizal's family to take good care of him, as he believed that the large head was a sign of intelligence and that Rizal would one day become a great man. Francisco Mercado Rizal was born on May 11, 1818, in Biñan, Laguna. He studied Latin and philosophy at the College of San Jose in Manila.²² After losing both of his parents, Francisco moved to Calamba to work in a hacienda owned by a Dominican friar.²³ (Note: Francisco's family was not poor, but likely, he made his inherited wealth grow more through farming and trading.) In Calamba, Francisco (also known as Don Francisco or Tiniente Kiko) was well-respected. He was elected by the citizens of Calamba to be their "cabeza de barangay," or head of the town. He was a man of few words but great actions, with a strong body and a sharp mind. His son, Jose Rizal, affectionately called him "a model of fathers" in his student memoirs. Jose Rizal deeply admired and loved his father, as evidenced by the art he created in his honor. In 1881, Jose made a clay bust of Don Kiko. Six years later, he carved a life-size wood sculpture of him. In honor of his father, Jose even named his premature son (with Josephine Bracken) 'Francisco,' according to some sources. Before his death, Jose Rizal even wrote letters to his brother and father expressing his love and gratitude to the latter. Through Don Kiko's independence, determination, and hard work, he instilled in his son a free spirit that would inspire Jose Rizal to become who he was.²⁷ Don Francisco's life and legacy are a testament to the importance of hard work, perseverance, and love for family and community. Teodora Alonso Realonda y Quintos was born on November 8, 1826, in Manila.²⁸ She came from a long line of principalia, the ruling and educated upper class in the towns during the Spanish occupation.These ex-datus cooperated with the Spanish in subjugating their former subjects and, in turn, were rewarded with government positions such as gobernadorcillos (mayor) and cabezas de barangay (town chief). The principalia status was hereditary, including the government positions they held. Her father and grandfather served as gobernadorcillos, the highest position any Filipino could hold in government. Her grandfather, Cipriano Alonso, served as Biñan’s gobernadorcillo in 1790 and 1802...]]> Fri, 10 Nov 2023 14:00:52 GMT /slideshow/03-rizals-family-childhood-and-early-education-life-and-works-of-rizal-slides/263268495 Humi14@slideshare.net(Humi14) 03 - Rizal's Family, Childhood, and Early Education | Life and Works of Rizal (�ݺ�ߣs) Humi14 Jose Protacio Rizal was born on June 19, 1861, in Calamba, Laguna. His birth was not an easy one, as his mother struggled to deliver him due to the size of his head. Fortunately, both Rizal and his mother survived. Three days after his birth, Jose Protacio Rizal was baptized at a Catholic Church by Father Rufino Collantes. He was named after two saints: Saint Joseph, after his mother's devotion to him, and Saint Gervacio Protacio, whose feast day is June 19, the same day as Rizal's birth. During the baptism ceremony, Father Rufino Collantes noticed that Rizal's head was unusually large for a baby. The priest was astonished and advised Rizal's family to take good care of him, as he believed that the large head was a sign of intelligence and that Rizal would one day become a great man. Francisco Mercado Rizal was born on May 11, 1818, in Biñan, Laguna. He studied Latin and philosophy at the College of San Jose in Manila.²² After losing both of his parents, Francisco moved to Calamba to work in a hacienda owned by a Dominican friar.²³ (Note: Francisco's family was not poor, but likely, he made his inherited wealth grow more through farming and trading.) In Calamba, Francisco (also known as Don Francisco or Tiniente Kiko) was well-respected. He was elected by the citizens of Calamba to be their "cabeza de barangay," or head of the town. He was a man of few words but great actions, with a strong body and a sharp mind. His son, Jose Rizal, affectionately called him "a model of fathers" in his student memoirs. Jose Rizal deeply admired and loved his father, as evidenced by the art he created in his honor. In 1881, Jose made a clay bust of Don Kiko. Six years later, he carved a life-size wood sculpture of him. In honor of his father, Jose even named his premature son (with Josephine Bracken) 'Francisco,' according to some sources. Before his death, Jose Rizal even wrote letters to his brother and father expressing his love and gratitude to the latter. Through Don Kiko's independence, determination, and hard work, he instilled in his son a free spirit that would inspire Jose Rizal to become who he was.²⁷ Don Francisco's life and legacy are a testament to the importance of hard work, perseverance, and love for family and community. Teodora Alonso Realonda y Quintos was born on November 8, 1826, in Manila.²⁸ She came from a long line of principalia, the ruling and educated upper class in the towns during the Spanish occupation.These ex-datus cooperated with the Spanish in subjugating their former subjects and, in turn, were rewarded with government positions such as gobernadorcillos (mayor) and cabezas de barangay (town chief). The principalia status was hereditary, including the government positions they held. Her father and grandfather served as gobernadorcillos, the highest position any Filipino could hold in government. Her grandfather, Cipriano Alonso, served as Biñan’s gobernadorcillo in 1790 and 1802... <img style="border:1px solid #C3E6D8;float:right;" alt="" src="https://cdn.slidesharecdn.com/ss_thumbnails/03-rizalsfamilychildhoodandearlyeducation-lifeandworksofrizal-231110140052-5c80521c-thumbnail.jpg?width=120&height=120&fit=bounds" /> Jose Protacio Rizal was born on June 19, 1861, in Calamba, Laguna. His birth was not an easy one, as his mother struggled to deliver him due to the size of his head. Fortunately, both Rizal and his mother survived. Three days after his birth, Jose Protacio Rizal was baptized at a Catholic Church by Father Rufino Collantes. He was named after two saints: Saint Joseph, after his mother's devotion to him, and Saint Gervacio Protacio, whose feast day is June 19, the same day as Rizal's birth. During the baptism ceremony, Father Rufino Collantes noticed that Rizal's head was unusually large for a baby. The priest was astonished and advised Rizal's family to take good care of him, as he believed that the large head was a sign of intelligence and that Rizal would one day become a great man. Francisco Mercado Rizal was born on May 11, 1818, in Biñan, Laguna. He studied Latin and philosophy at the College of San Jose in Manila.²² After losing both of his parents, Francisco moved to Calamba to work in a hacienda owned by a Dominican friar.²³ (Note: Francisco's family was not poor, but likely, he made his inherited wealth grow more through farming and trading.) In Calamba, Francisco (also known as Don Francisco or Tiniente Kiko) was well-respected. He was elected by the citizens of Calamba to be their "cabeza de barangay," or head of the town. He was a man of few words but great actions, with a strong body and a sharp mind. His son, Jose Rizal, affectionately called him "a model of fathers" in his student memoirs. Jose Rizal deeply admired and loved his father, as evidenced by the art he created in his honor. In 1881, Jose made a clay bust of Don Kiko. Six years later, he carved a life-size wood sculpture of him. In honor of his father, Jose even named his premature son (with Josephine Bracken) 'Francisco,' according to some sources. Before his death, Jose Rizal even wrote letters to his brother and father expressing his love and gratitude to the latter. Through Don Kiko's independence, determination, and hard work, he instilled in his son a free spirit that would inspire Jose Rizal to become who he was.²⁷ Don Francisco's life and legacy are a testament to the importance of hard work, perseverance, and love for family and community. Teodora Alonso Realonda y Quintos was born on November 8, 1826, in Manila.²⁸ She came from a long line of principalia, the ruling and educated upper class in the towns during the Spanish occupation.These ex-datus cooperated with the Spanish in subjugating their former subjects and, in turn, were rewarded with government positions such as gobernadorcillos (mayor) and cabezas de barangay (town chief). The principalia status was hereditary, including the government positions they held. Her father and grandfather served as gobernadorcillos, the highest position any Filipino could hold in government. Her grandfather, Cipriano Alonso, served as Biñan’s gobernadorcillo in 1790 and 1802...

03 - Rizal's Family, Childhood, and Early Education | Life and Works of Rizal (�ݺ�ߣs) from Humi

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0 02 - 19th Century Philippines as Rizal's Context | Life and Works of Rizal (�ݺ�ߣs) /slideshow/02-19th-century-philippines-as-rizals-context-life-and-works-of-rizal-slides/262708994 02-19thcenturyphilippinesasrizalscontext-lifeandworksofrizalslides-231025103750-a2a9c912
The 19th Century marked a significant shift towards modernity, which entailed a break from traditional ways of life and the emergence of new ideas, attitudes, and institutions. It was also part of the Age of Revolution, as it was characterized by several transformative events, including: Industrial Revolution: The industrial revolution brought about new modes of production, transportation, and communication, leading to a shift from manual labor to machine-based production. This transformation of the economy and society resulted in new forms of work and leisure, as well as urbanization and the growth of cities. Political Revolutions: Various political revolutions occurred during the 19th and late 18th century, such as the American Revolution and the French Revolution. These political upheavals were heavily influenced by the Enlightenment, a philosophical movement that valued reason, rationality, and individualism. The wave of political change challenged the power of the monarchy and paved the way for new forms of governance based on individual rights, nationalism, and freedom. Whilst different parts of Europe were flourishing, such as Britain due to the Industrial Revolution and France due to the French Revolution, Spain was experiencing a slow decline.⁸ To better understand why, we need to examine its economic condition during this period. Trading in the Philippines can be traced back to the time before the Spanish colonization. Early Philippine merchants traded with various countries, such as China, Japan, Siam, Cambodia, India, Borneo, and the Moluccas. When the Spanish Crown arrived, they saw an opportunity to profit from this trade. They closed the ports of Manila to all countries except Mexico, which was also a colony of Spain during the 16th century.⁹ This decision created a trade monopoly, known as the Manila-Acapulco Trade or Galleon Trade, which made Manila the center of commerce in the East.¹⁰ The goods traded included mangoes, tamarind, rice, carabao, Chinese tea, textiles, fireworks, perfume, precious stones, and tuba (a coconut wine). These were sent to Mexico and, on the return voyage, numerous and valuable flora and fauna were brought into the Philippines, including guava, avocado, papaya, pineapple, horses, and cattle. The trade monopoly made Spain a mercantilist superpower for a while. However, it did not last forever.]]>
The 19th Century marked a significant shift towards modernity, which entailed a break from traditional ways of life and the emergence of new ideas, attitudes, and institutions. It was also part of the Age of Revolution, as it was characterized by several transformative events, including: Industrial Revolution: The industrial revolution brought about new modes of production, transportation, and communication, leading to a shift from manual labor to machine-based production. This transformation of the economy and society resulted in new forms of work and leisure, as well as urbanization and the growth of cities. Political Revolutions: Various political revolutions occurred during the 19th and late 18th century, such as the American Revolution and the French Revolution. These political upheavals were heavily influenced by the Enlightenment, a philosophical movement that valued reason, rationality, and individualism. The wave of political change challenged the power of the monarchy and paved the way for new forms of governance based on individual rights, nationalism, and freedom. Whilst different parts of Europe were flourishing, such as Britain due to the Industrial Revolution and France due to the French Revolution, Spain was experiencing a slow decline.⁸ To better understand why, we need to examine its economic condition during this period. Trading in the Philippines can be traced back to the time before the Spanish colonization. Early Philippine merchants traded with various countries, such as China, Japan, Siam, Cambodia, India, Borneo, and the Moluccas. When the Spanish Crown arrived, they saw an opportunity to profit from this trade. They closed the ports of Manila to all countries except Mexico, which was also a colony of Spain during the 16th century.⁹ This decision created a trade monopoly, known as the Manila-Acapulco Trade or Galleon Trade, which made Manila the center of commerce in the East.¹⁰ The goods traded included mangoes, tamarind, rice, carabao, Chinese tea, textiles, fireworks, perfume, precious stones, and tuba (a coconut wine). These were sent to Mexico and, on the return voyage, numerous and valuable flora and fauna were brought into the Philippines, including guava, avocado, papaya, pineapple, horses, and cattle. The trade monopoly made Spain a mercantilist superpower for a while. However, it did not last forever.]]> Wed, 25 Oct 2023 10:37:50 GMT /slideshow/02-19th-century-philippines-as-rizals-context-life-and-works-of-rizal-slides/262708994 Humi14@slideshare.net(Humi14) 02 - 19th Century Philippines as Rizal's Context | Life and Works of Rizal (�ݺ�ߣs) Humi14 The 19th Century marked a significant shift towards modernity, which entailed a break from traditional ways of life and the emergence of new ideas, attitudes, and institutions. It was also part of the Age of Revolution, as it was characterized by several transformative events, including: Industrial Revolution: The industrial revolution brought about new modes of production, transportation, and communication, leading to a shift from manual labor to machine-based production. This transformation of the economy and society resulted in new forms of work and leisure, as well as urbanization and the growth of cities. Political Revolutions: Various political revolutions occurred during the 19th and late 18th century, such as the American Revolution and the French Revolution. These political upheavals were heavily influenced by the Enlightenment, a philosophical movement that valued reason, rationality, and individualism. The wave of political change challenged the power of the monarchy and paved the way for new forms of governance based on individual rights, nationalism, and freedom. Whilst different parts of Europe were flourishing, such as Britain due to the Industrial Revolution and France due to the French Revolution, Spain was experiencing a slow decline.⁸ To better understand why, we need to examine its economic condition during this period. Trading in the Philippines can be traced back to the time before the Spanish colonization. Early Philippine merchants traded with various countries, such as China, Japan, Siam, Cambodia, India, Borneo, and the Moluccas. When the Spanish Crown arrived, they saw an opportunity to profit from this trade. They closed the ports of Manila to all countries except Mexico, which was also a colony of Spain during the 16th century.⁹ This decision created a trade monopoly, known as the Manila-Acapulco Trade or Galleon Trade, which made Manila the center of commerce in the East.¹⁰ The goods traded included mangoes, tamarind, rice, carabao, Chinese tea, textiles, fireworks, perfume, precious stones, and tuba (a coconut wine). These were sent to Mexico and, on the return voyage, numerous and valuable flora and fauna were brought into the Philippines, including guava, avocado, papaya, pineapple, horses, and cattle. The trade monopoly made Spain a mercantilist superpower for a while. However, it did not last forever. <img style="border:1px solid #C3E6D8;float:right;" alt="" src="https://cdn.slidesharecdn.com/ss_thumbnails/02-19thcenturyphilippinesasrizalscontext-lifeandworksofrizalslides-231025103750-a2a9c912-thumbnail.jpg?width=120&height=120&fit=bounds" /> The 19th Century marked a significant shift towards modernity, which entailed a break from traditional ways of life and the emergence of new ideas, attitudes, and institutions. It was also part of the Age of Revolution, as it was characterized by several transformative events, including: Industrial Revolution: The industrial revolution brought about new modes of production, transportation, and communication, leading to a shift from manual labor to machine-based production. This transformation of the economy and society resulted in new forms of work and leisure, as well as urbanization and the growth of cities. Political Revolutions: Various political revolutions occurred during the 19th and late 18th century, such as the American Revolution and the French Revolution. These political upheavals were heavily influenced by the Enlightenment, a philosophical movement that valued reason, rationality, and individualism. The wave of political change challenged the power of the monarchy and paved the way for new forms of governance based on individual rights, nationalism, and freedom. Whilst different parts of Europe were flourishing, such as Britain due to the Industrial Revolution and France due to the French Revolution, Spain was experiencing a slow decline.⁸ To better understand why, we need to examine its economic condition during this period. Trading in the Philippines can be traced back to the time before the Spanish colonization. Early Philippine merchants traded with various countries, such as China, Japan, Siam, Cambodia, India, Borneo, and the Moluccas. When the Spanish Crown arrived, they saw an opportunity to profit from this trade. They closed the ports of Manila to all countries except Mexico, which was also a colony of Spain during the 16th century.⁹ This decision created a trade monopoly, known as the Manila-Acapulco Trade or Galleon Trade, which made Manila the center of commerce in the East.¹⁰ The goods traded included mangoes, tamarind, rice, carabao, Chinese tea, textiles, fireworks, perfume, precious stones, and tuba (a coconut wine). These were sent to Mexico and, on the return voyage, numerous and valuable flora and fauna were brought into the Philippines, including guava, avocado, papaya, pineapple, horses, and cattle. The trade monopoly made Spain a mercantilist superpower for a while. However, it did not last forever.

02 - 19th Century Philippines as Rizal's Context | Life and Works of Rizal (�ݺ�ߣs) from Humi

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0 01 - Rizal Law (RA 1425) | Life and Works of Rizal (�ݺ�ߣs) /slideshow/01-rizal-law-ra-1425-life-and-works-of-rizal-slides/262532513 01-rizallawra1425-lifeandworksofrizalslides-231020054956-a2561951
The Rizal Law, or Republic Act 1425, is a government-mandated law that requires all colleges and universities in the Philippines to include courses on the life and works of Dr. Jose Rizal, the Philippines' national hero, in their curriculums. These courses also emphasize the study of Rizal's two most famous novels, "Noli Me Tangere" and "El Filibusterismo," which are considered seminal works in Philippine literature. This law aims to promote national consciousness and love for country among Filipinos by studying the life and works of Rizal. Now, you may be wondering why it is mandatory to study the life and works of Jose Rizal. To understand the reasoning behind this, let's hear from the people who created the Rizal Law, or Republic Act 1425, and learn their perspective on the importance of educating students about the national hero. In 1956, during Ramon Magsaysay's presidency, a decade had passed since the end of World War II. At this time, many nationalist policy makers noticed that the sense of Filipino identity seemed to be fading among the people. To address this, the lawmakers felt it was important to focus on rebuilding a strong national identity and moving forward as a united people. One of the solutions proposed by these policy makers to enhance the national pride and hope of Filipinos was through education. In their view, by providing the youth with a comprehensive education that included learning about their country's history, they would become knowledgeable and proud Filipinos. This would foster a strong sense of national identity, which in turn would lead to a stronger and more united Philippines. On April 3, 1956, Senator Claro M. Recto submitted a bill to the Senate Committee on Education, which proposed that Jose Rizal's two most famous novels, Noli Me Tangere and El Filibusterismo, be made mandatory reading for all Filipino students in college. The bill was officially known as Senate Bill No. 438 or "An Act to Make Noli Me Tangere and El Filibusterismo Compulsory Reading Matter in All Public and Private Colleges and Universities, and for Other Purposes." For easier understanding, we will call it the Noli-Fili Bill. On April 17, 1956, Senator Jose P. Laurel, who was then the Chairman of the Committee on Education, sponsored the Noli-Fili Bill in the senate and presented it to the upper house. According to Laurel, the main purpose of the bill is to disseminate the ideas and ideals of Jose Rizal through the reading of his novels, Noli Me Tangere and El Filibusterismo. "Noli Me Tangere and El Filibusterismo must be read by all Filipinos. They must be taken to heart, for in their pages we see ourselves as a mirror, our defects as well as our strength, our virtues as well as our vices. Only then would we become conscious as a people, and so learn to prepare ourselves for painful sacrifices that ultimately lead to self-reliance, self-respect and freedom."]]>
The Rizal Law, or Republic Act 1425, is a government-mandated law that requires all colleges and universities in the Philippines to include courses on the life and works of Dr. Jose Rizal, the Philippines' national hero, in their curriculums. These courses also emphasize the study of Rizal's two most famous novels, "Noli Me Tangere" and "El Filibusterismo," which are considered seminal works in Philippine literature. This law aims to promote national consciousness and love for country among Filipinos by studying the life and works of Rizal. Now, you may be wondering why it is mandatory to study the life and works of Jose Rizal. To understand the reasoning behind this, let's hear from the people who created the Rizal Law, or Republic Act 1425, and learn their perspective on the importance of educating students about the national hero. In 1956, during Ramon Magsaysay's presidency, a decade had passed since the end of World War II. At this time, many nationalist policy makers noticed that the sense of Filipino identity seemed to be fading among the people. To address this, the lawmakers felt it was important to focus on rebuilding a strong national identity and moving forward as a united people. One of the solutions proposed by these policy makers to enhance the national pride and hope of Filipinos was through education. In their view, by providing the youth with a comprehensive education that included learning about their country's history, they would become knowledgeable and proud Filipinos. This would foster a strong sense of national identity, which in turn would lead to a stronger and more united Philippines. On April 3, 1956, Senator Claro M. Recto submitted a bill to the Senate Committee on Education, which proposed that Jose Rizal's two most famous novels, Noli Me Tangere and El Filibusterismo, be made mandatory reading for all Filipino students in college. The bill was officially known as Senate Bill No. 438 or "An Act to Make Noli Me Tangere and El Filibusterismo Compulsory Reading Matter in All Public and Private Colleges and Universities, and for Other Purposes." For easier understanding, we will call it the Noli-Fili Bill. On April 17, 1956, Senator Jose P. Laurel, who was then the Chairman of the Committee on Education, sponsored the Noli-Fili Bill in the senate and presented it to the upper house. According to Laurel, the main purpose of the bill is to disseminate the ideas and ideals of Jose Rizal through the reading of his novels, Noli Me Tangere and El Filibusterismo. "Noli Me Tangere and El Filibusterismo must be read by all Filipinos. They must be taken to heart, for in their pages we see ourselves as a mirror, our defects as well as our strength, our virtues as well as our vices. Only then would we become conscious as a people, and so learn to prepare ourselves for painful sacrifices that ultimately lead to self-reliance, self-respect and freedom."]]> Fri, 20 Oct 2023 05:49:56 GMT /slideshow/01-rizal-law-ra-1425-life-and-works-of-rizal-slides/262532513 Humi14@slideshare.net(Humi14) 01 - Rizal Law (RA 1425) | Life and Works of Rizal (�ݺ�ߣs) Humi14 The Rizal Law, or Republic Act 1425, is a government-mandated law that requires all colleges and universities in the Philippines to include courses on the life and works of Dr. Jose Rizal, the Philippines' national hero, in their curriculums. These courses also emphasize the study of Rizal's two most famous novels, "Noli Me Tangere" and "El Filibusterismo," which are considered seminal works in Philippine literature. This law aims to promote national consciousness and love for country among Filipinos by studying the life and works of Rizal. Now, you may be wondering why it is mandatory to study the life and works of Jose Rizal. To understand the reasoning behind this, let's hear from the people who created the Rizal Law, or Republic Act 1425, and learn their perspective on the importance of educating students about the national hero. In 1956, during Ramon Magsaysay's presidency, a decade had passed since the end of World War II. At this time, many nationalist policy makers noticed that the sense of Filipino identity seemed to be fading among the people. To address this, the lawmakers felt it was important to focus on rebuilding a strong national identity and moving forward as a united people. One of the solutions proposed by these policy makers to enhance the national pride and hope of Filipinos was through education. In their view, by providing the youth with a comprehensive education that included learning about their country's history, they would become knowledgeable and proud Filipinos. This would foster a strong sense of national identity, which in turn would lead to a stronger and more united Philippines. On April 3, 1956, Senator Claro M. Recto submitted a bill to the Senate Committee on Education, which proposed that Jose Rizal's two most famous novels, Noli Me Tangere and El Filibusterismo, be made mandatory reading for all Filipino students in college. The bill was officially known as Senate Bill No. 438 or "An Act to Make Noli Me Tangere and El Filibusterismo Compulsory Reading Matter in All Public and Private Colleges and Universities, and for Other Purposes." For easier understanding, we will call it the Noli-Fili Bill. On April 17, 1956, Senator Jose P. Laurel, who was then the Chairman of the Committee on Education, sponsored the Noli-Fili Bill in the senate and presented it to the upper house. According to Laurel, the main purpose of the bill is to disseminate the ideas and ideals of Jose Rizal through the reading of his novels, Noli Me Tangere and El Filibusterismo. "Noli Me Tangere and El Filibusterismo must be read by all Filipinos. They must be taken to heart, for in their pages we see ourselves as a mirror, our defects as well as our strength, our virtues as well as our vices. Only then would we become conscious as a people, and so learn to prepare ourselves for painful sacrifices that ultimately lead to self-reliance, self-respect and freedom." <img style="border:1px solid #C3E6D8;float:right;" alt="" src="https://cdn.slidesharecdn.com/ss_thumbnails/01-rizallawra1425-lifeandworksofrizalslides-231020054956-a2561951-thumbnail.jpg?width=120&height=120&fit=bounds" /> The Rizal Law, or Republic Act 1425, is a government-mandated law that requires all colleges and universities in the Philippines to include courses on the life and works of Dr. Jose Rizal, the Philippines' national hero, in their curriculums. These courses also emphasize the study of Rizal's two most famous novels, "Noli Me Tangere" and "El Filibusterismo," which are considered seminal works in Philippine literature. This law aims to promote national consciousness and love for country among Filipinos by studying the life and works of Rizal. Now, you may be wondering why it is mandatory to study the life and works of Jose Rizal. To understand the reasoning behind this, let's hear from the people who created the Rizal Law, or Republic Act 1425, and learn their perspective on the importance of educating students about the national hero. In 1956, during Ramon Magsaysay's presidency, a decade had passed since the end of World War II. At this time, many nationalist policy makers noticed that the sense of Filipino identity seemed to be fading among the people. To address this, the lawmakers felt it was important to focus on rebuilding a strong national identity and moving forward as a united people. One of the solutions proposed by these policy makers to enhance the national pride and hope of Filipinos was through education. In their view, by providing the youth with a comprehensive education that included learning about their country's history, they would become knowledgeable and proud Filipinos. This would foster a strong sense of national identity, which in turn would lead to a stronger and more united Philippines. On April 3, 1956, Senator Claro M. Recto submitted a bill to the Senate Committee on Education, which proposed that Jose Rizal's two most famous novels, Noli Me Tangere and El Filibusterismo, be made mandatory reading for all Filipino students in college. The bill was officially known as Senate Bill No. 438 or "An Act to Make Noli Me Tangere and El Filibusterismo Compulsory Reading Matter in All Public and Private Colleges and Universities, and for Other Purposes." For easier understanding, we will call it the Noli-Fili Bill. On April 17, 1956, Senator Jose P. Laurel, who was then the Chairman of the Committee on Education, sponsored the Noli-Fili Bill in the senate and presented it to the upper house. According to Laurel, the main purpose of the bill is to disseminate the ideas and ideals of Jose Rizal through the reading of his novels, Noli Me Tangere and El Filibusterismo. "Noli Me Tangere and El Filibusterismo must be read by all Filipinos. They must be taken to heart, for in their pages we see ourselves as a mirror, our defects as well as our strength, our virtues as well as our vices. Only then would we become conscious as a people, and so learn to prepare ourselves for painful sacrifices that ultimately lead to self-reliance, self-respect and freedom."

01 - Rizal Law (RA 1425) | Life and Works of Rizal (�ݺ�ߣs) from Humi

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0 00 - Introduction/Syllabus | Life and Works of Rizal (�ݺ�ߣs) /slideshow/00-introduction-life-and-works-of-rizal-slides/262494128 00-introduction-lifeandworksofrizal-231019125807-babb3863
In the course "Life and Works of Jose Rizal," we will explore the life and significance of Rizal. We will begin by discussing the law that required the study of Rizal and then move on to the historical context of the Philippines during Rizal's lifetime. We will also delve into Rizal's family background, education, time abroad, and exile, trial, and death. In addition, we will analyze his written works such as "Noli Me Tangere" and "El Filibusterismo," as well as various essays. Finally, we will consider whether Rizal should truly be considered a hero. Throughout the course, we will aim to present a balanced and unbiased view (if it exists) of Rizal, rather than glorifying him.]]>
In the course "Life and Works of Jose Rizal," we will explore the life and significance of Rizal. We will begin by discussing the law that required the study of Rizal and then move on to the historical context of the Philippines during Rizal's lifetime. We will also delve into Rizal's family background, education, time abroad, and exile, trial, and death. In addition, we will analyze his written works such as "Noli Me Tangere" and "El Filibusterismo," as well as various essays. Finally, we will consider whether Rizal should truly be considered a hero. Throughout the course, we will aim to present a balanced and unbiased view (if it exists) of Rizal, rather than glorifying him.]]> Thu, 19 Oct 2023 12:58:07 GMT /slideshow/00-introduction-life-and-works-of-rizal-slides/262494128 Humi14@slideshare.net(Humi14) 00 - Introduction/Syllabus | Life and Works of Rizal (�ݺ�ߣs) Humi14 In the course "Life and Works of Jose Rizal," we will explore the life and significance of Rizal. We will begin by discussing the law that required the study of Rizal and then move on to the historical context of the Philippines during Rizal's lifetime. We will also delve into Rizal's family background, education, time abroad, and exile, trial, and death. In addition, we will analyze his written works such as "Noli Me Tangere" and "El Filibusterismo," as well as various essays. Finally, we will consider whether Rizal should truly be considered a hero. Throughout the course, we will aim to present a balanced and unbiased view (if it exists) of Rizal, rather than glorifying him. <img style="border:1px solid #C3E6D8;float:right;" alt="" src="https://cdn.slidesharecdn.com/ss_thumbnails/00-introduction-lifeandworksofrizal-231019125807-babb3863-thumbnail.jpg?width=120&height=120&fit=bounds" /> In the course "Life and Works of Jose Rizal," we will explore the life and significance of Rizal. We will begin by discussing the law that required the study of Rizal and then move on to the historical context of the Philippines during Rizal's lifetime. We will also delve into Rizal's family background, education, time abroad, and exile, trial, and death. In addition, we will analyze his written works such as "Noli Me Tangere" and "El Filibusterismo," as well as various essays. Finally, we will consider whether Rizal should truly be considered a hero. Throughout the course, we will aim to present a balanced and unbiased view (if it exists) of Rizal, rather than glorifying him.

00 - Introduction/Syllabus | Life and Works of Rizal (�ݺ�ߣs) from Humi

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0 https://public.slidesharecdn.com/v2/images/profile-picture.png Kamusta, ako si Humi. www.youtube.com/@overtheacademicwall https://cdn.slidesharecdn.com/ss_thumbnails/05-rizalsexile-240327072326-8758faf7-thumbnail.jpg?width=320&height=320&fit=bounds slideshow/05-rizals-exile-trial-and-death-part-1-life-and-works-of-rizal-slides/266986124 05 - Rizal's Exile, Tr... https://cdn.slidesharecdn.com/ss_thumbnails/hello4-231203072844-6392236e-thumbnail.jpg?width=320&height=320&fit=bounds slideshow/04-rizals-life-higher-education-and-life-abroad-part-2-life-and-works-of-rizal-slides/264222324 04 - Rizal's Life: Hig... https://cdn.slidesharecdn.com/ss_thumbnails/04-rizalshighered-231201090537-c0069043-thumbnail.jpg?width=320&height=320&fit=bounds slideshow/04-rizals-life-higher-education-and-life-abroad-part-1-life-and-works-of-rizal-slides/264155666 04 - Rizal's Life: Hig...