ºÝºÝߣshows by User: SinthujanPushpakaran / http://www.slideshare.net/images/logo.gif ºÝºÝߣshows by User: SinthujanPushpakaran / Wed, 06 Sep 2017 21:23:49 GMT ºÝºÝߣShare feed for ºÝºÝߣshows by User: SinthujanPushpakaran Acetic Acid Process Plant Design /slideshow/acetic-acid-process-plant-design/79502057 eh3phemtnwhd7wwfnec6-signature-8ea5354384f73ae7ceb6ace482ba873359fd09310827df1439fda87b74d9dfef-poli-170906212349
The purpose of this document is to present a potential design to the client to build an acetic acid (CH3COOH) plant in the United Kingdom. The plant will have the capacity to produce 400,000 tonnes per annum of acetic acid base product from a feedstock of methanol and carbon monoxide. As an overview, the methanol carbonylation process is highly efficient in that it produces acetic acid with more sought after selectivity and purity. Environmental Impact Assessment has been proven successful in outlining the main environmental issues in relation to this project. The general location considerations linked to the potential pollution produced (odours, noise, traffic) has been analysed, justifying the measures that will be put in place to minimize them. The handling of raw materials and the final product both on and off site has been studied in depth in order to outline the features and add-ups that can be applied to reduce the impact on the environment. In addition to environmental methodologies, principles of process control and instrumentation have been applied throughout the design stage of this project with the aim of creating a process that is ultimately safe, that complies with all the necessary safety regulations, efficient, that will not suffer unnecessary downtime to avoidable failures and maintenance being carried out on key piece of process equipment and not suffer performance impairments due to poor design, as well as being economically stable, linked to the plants efficiency, an efficient plant will bring a certain amount of economic stability in addition to ensuring unnecessary equipment or instrumentation is not put in place. Economic evaluation of this project indicates viability, the return of investment is 53% and the net profit of £1,378,000,000 is very lucrative figure for a 20-year investment. The project payback time of 2 years demonstrates that this project is highly feasible and has the potential to attract numerous investors.]]>
The purpose of this document is to present a potential design to the client to build an acetic acid (CH3COOH) plant in the United Kingdom. The plant will have the capacity to produce 400,000 tonnes per annum of acetic acid base product from a feedstock of methanol and carbon monoxide. As an overview, the methanol carbonylation process is highly efficient in that it produces acetic acid with more sought after selectivity and purity. Environmental Impact Assessment has been proven successful in outlining the main environmental issues in relation to this project. The general location considerations linked to the potential pollution produced (odours, noise, traffic) has been analysed, justifying the measures that will be put in place to minimize them. The handling of raw materials and the final product both on and off site has been studied in depth in order to outline the features and add-ups that can be applied to reduce the impact on the environment. In addition to environmental methodologies, principles of process control and instrumentation have been applied throughout the design stage of this project with the aim of creating a process that is ultimately safe, that complies with all the necessary safety regulations, efficient, that will not suffer unnecessary downtime to avoidable failures and maintenance being carried out on key piece of process equipment and not suffer performance impairments due to poor design, as well as being economically stable, linked to the plants efficiency, an efficient plant will bring a certain amount of economic stability in addition to ensuring unnecessary equipment or instrumentation is not put in place. Economic evaluation of this project indicates viability, the return of investment is 53% and the net profit of £1,378,000,000 is very lucrative figure for a 20-year investment. The project payback time of 2 years demonstrates that this project is highly feasible and has the potential to attract numerous investors.]]> Wed, 06 Sep 2017 21:23:49 GMT /slideshow/acetic-acid-process-plant-design/79502057 SinthujanPushpakaran@slideshare.net(SinthujanPushpakaran) Acetic Acid Process Plant Design SinthujanPushpakaran The purpose of this document is to present a potential design to the client to build an acetic acid (CH3COOH) plant in the United Kingdom. The plant will have the capacity to produce 400,000 tonnes per annum of acetic acid base product from a feedstock of methanol and carbon monoxide. As an overview, the methanol carbonylation process is highly efficient in that it produces acetic acid with more sought after selectivity and purity. Environmental Impact Assessment has been proven successful in outlining the main environmental issues in relation to this project. The general location considerations linked to the potential pollution produced (odours, noise, traffic) has been analysed, justifying the measures that will be put in place to minimize them. The handling of raw materials and the final product both on and off site has been studied in depth in order to outline the features and add-ups that can be applied to reduce the impact on the environment. In addition to environmental methodologies, principles of process control and instrumentation have been applied throughout the design stage of this project with the aim of creating a process that is ultimately safe, that complies with all the necessary safety regulations, efficient, that will not suffer unnecessary downtime to avoidable failures and maintenance being carried out on key piece of process equipment and not suffer performance impairments due to poor design, as well as being economically stable, linked to the plants efficiency, an efficient plant will bring a certain amount of economic stability in addition to ensuring unnecessary equipment or instrumentation is not put in place. Economic evaluation of this project indicates viability, the return of investment is 53% and the net profit of £1,378,000,000 is very lucrative figure for a 20-year investment. The project payback time of 2 years demonstrates that this project is highly feasible and has the potential to attract numerous investors. <img style="border:1px solid #C3E6D8;float:right;" alt="" src="https://cdn.slidesharecdn.com/ss_thumbnails/eh3phemtnwhd7wwfnec6-signature-8ea5354384f73ae7ceb6ace482ba873359fd09310827df1439fda87b74d9dfef-poli-170906212349-thumbnail.jpg?width=120&amp;height=120&amp;fit=bounds" /><br> The purpose of this document is to present a potential design to the client to build an acetic acid (CH3COOH) plant in the United Kingdom. The plant will have the capacity to produce 400,000 tonnes per annum of acetic acid base product from a feedstock of methanol and carbon monoxide. As an overview, the methanol carbonylation process is highly efficient in that it produces acetic acid with more sought after selectivity and purity. Environmental Impact Assessment has been proven successful in outlining the main environmental issues in relation to this project. The general location considerations linked to the potential pollution produced (odours, noise, traffic) has been analysed, justifying the measures that will be put in place to minimize them. The handling of raw materials and the final product both on and off site has been studied in depth in order to outline the features and add-ups that can be applied to reduce the impact on the environment. In addition to environmental methodologies, principles of process control and instrumentation have been applied throughout the design stage of this project with the aim of creating a process that is ultimately safe, that complies with all the necessary safety regulations, efficient, that will not suffer unnecessary downtime to avoidable failures and maintenance being carried out on key piece of process equipment and not suffer performance impairments due to poor design, as well as being economically stable, linked to the plants efficiency, an efficient plant will bring a certain amount of economic stability in addition to ensuring unnecessary equipment or instrumentation is not put in place. Economic evaluation of this project indicates viability, the return of investment is 53% and the net profit of £1,378,000,000 is very lucrative figure for a 20-year investment. The project payback time of 2 years demonstrates that this project is highly feasible and has the potential to attract numerous investors.
Acetic Acid Process Plant Design from Sinthujan Pushpakaran
]]> 40136 25 https://cdn.slidesharecdn.com/ss_thumbnails/eh3phemtnwhd7wwfnec6-signature-8ea5354384f73ae7ceb6ace482ba873359fd09310827df1439fda87b74d9dfef-poli-170906212349-thumbnail.jpg?width=120&height=120&fit=bounds document Black http://activitystrea.ms/schema/1.0/post http://activitystrea.ms/schema/1.0/posted 0 Semi-Synthetic Production of Artemisinin from Whey Feedstock by Engineered Saccharomyces Cerevisiae /slideshow/semisynthetic-production-of-artemisinin-from-whey-feedstock-by-engineered-saccharomyces-cerevisiae/79501886 vdyrso6gqoujdlwksrv5-signature-7713e73a06eb192ace652f616eed74af7707fa9a3fadd3cf2a8b188241c5d740-poli-170906211539
This report describes the semi - synthetic production of Artemisinin from whey feedstock through the use of engineered Saccharomyces Cerevisiae. Failures in eradicating malaria, brought about new antimalarial research efforts. Artemisinin was first isolated and identified for its antimalarial properties from Artemisia annua. Artemisinin and its derivatives are the most effective anti - malarial drugs on the market today. Instead of treating whey as waste, it can be implemented as feedstock due to its high biochemical oxygen demand make it highly desirable, which is made up of mostly 90% water, 4% lactose, 1% proteins. Whey provides an excellent carbon source in the form of lactose.]]>
This report describes the semi - synthetic production of Artemisinin from whey feedstock through the use of engineered Saccharomyces Cerevisiae. Failures in eradicating malaria, brought about new antimalarial research efforts. Artemisinin was first isolated and identified for its antimalarial properties from Artemisia annua. Artemisinin and its derivatives are the most effective anti - malarial drugs on the market today. Instead of treating whey as waste, it can be implemented as feedstock due to its high biochemical oxygen demand make it highly desirable, which is made up of mostly 90% water, 4% lactose, 1% proteins. Whey provides an excellent carbon source in the form of lactose.]]> Wed, 06 Sep 2017 21:15:39 GMT /slideshow/semisynthetic-production-of-artemisinin-from-whey-feedstock-by-engineered-saccharomyces-cerevisiae/79501886 SinthujanPushpakaran@slideshare.net(SinthujanPushpakaran) Semi-Synthetic Production of Artemisinin from Whey Feedstock by Engineered Saccharomyces Cerevisiae SinthujanPushpakaran This report describes the semi - synthetic production of Artemisinin from whey feedstock through the use of engineered Saccharomyces Cerevisiae. Failures in eradicating malaria, brought about new antimalarial research efforts. Artemisinin was first isolated and identified for its antimalarial properties from Artemisia annua. Artemisinin and its derivatives are the most effective anti - malarial drugs on the market today. Instead of treating whey as waste, it can be implemented as feedstock due to its high biochemical oxygen demand make it highly desirable, which is made up of mostly 90% water, 4% lactose, 1% proteins. Whey provides an excellent carbon source in the form of lactose. <img style="border:1px solid #C3E6D8;float:right;" alt="" src="https://cdn.slidesharecdn.com/ss_thumbnails/vdyrso6gqoujdlwksrv5-signature-7713e73a06eb192ace652f616eed74af7707fa9a3fadd3cf2a8b188241c5d740-poli-170906211539-thumbnail.jpg?width=120&amp;height=120&amp;fit=bounds" /><br> This report describes the semi - synthetic production of Artemisinin from whey feedstock through the use of engineered Saccharomyces Cerevisiae. Failures in eradicating malaria, brought about new antimalarial research efforts. Artemisinin was first isolated and identified for its antimalarial properties from Artemisia annua. Artemisinin and its derivatives are the most effective anti - malarial drugs on the market today. Instead of treating whey as waste, it can be implemented as feedstock due to its high biochemical oxygen demand make it highly desirable, which is made up of mostly 90% water, 4% lactose, 1% proteins. Whey provides an excellent carbon source in the form of lactose.
Semi-Synthetic Production of Artemisinin from Whey Feedstock by Engineered Saccharomyces Cerevisiae from Sinthujan Pushpakaran
]]> 1183 6 https://cdn.slidesharecdn.com/ss_thumbnails/vdyrso6gqoujdlwksrv5-signature-7713e73a06eb192ace652f616eed74af7707fa9a3fadd3cf2a8b188241c5d740-poli-170906211539-thumbnail.jpg?width=120&height=120&fit=bounds document Black http://activitystrea.ms/schema/1.0/post http://activitystrea.ms/schema/1.0/posted 0 (Bio)pharmaceutical plant design /slideshow/biopharmaceutical-plant-design/79501786 rzutlitr42ojrbmqbofm-signature-dc6bca414c8260884e5f8d46c01db2fe0a7e8a249d324cc4f38e90ce3de7593f-poli-170906211105
The purpose of this document is to present a potential design to the client for manufacture of a DNA vaccine facility in the United Kingdom. Facility will have capacity to produce 1 kg/annum of two plasmid products. Pivotal factors considered in design and layout of DNA vaccine facility were compliance to good manufacturing practices (cGMP), effective production, regulatory guidelines, contamination minimisation and effective cleanliness. Handling of raw materials and final product both on and off site has been studied to outline features and add-ups that can be implemented to minimise environmental impact: such measures include process safety and instrumentation. Impact of airborne particles, temperature, pressure and relative humidity on purity, efficacy and safety have been reduced through design of class 100 cleanrooms equipped with controlled-air environment accessible via airlock, HVAC and high efficiency particulate air filters (HEPA). Additionally, principles of process control and instrumentation have been applied throughout design stage of project with aim of creating a process that is ultimately safe, and one that complies with safety regulations, efficient and economically stable. Compliance to current good manufacturing practices (cGMP) and regulations are achieved through incorporation of key cGMP components such as validation master plan (VMP), quality control (QC), cleaning-in-place (CIP), sterilisation-in-place (SIP), trained personnel and waste treatment process. Economic evaluation of project indicates viability, net profit of £557,000,000 is a very lucrative figure for a 10-year investment. Project payback time of 5 months and entire project timeline of 1 year and 10 months demonstrates that this project is highly feasible and has potential to attract numerous investors.]]>
The purpose of this document is to present a potential design to the client for manufacture of a DNA vaccine facility in the United Kingdom. Facility will have capacity to produce 1 kg/annum of two plasmid products. Pivotal factors considered in design and layout of DNA vaccine facility were compliance to good manufacturing practices (cGMP), effective production, regulatory guidelines, contamination minimisation and effective cleanliness. Handling of raw materials and final product both on and off site has been studied to outline features and add-ups that can be implemented to minimise environmental impact: such measures include process safety and instrumentation. Impact of airborne particles, temperature, pressure and relative humidity on purity, efficacy and safety have been reduced through design of class 100 cleanrooms equipped with controlled-air environment accessible via airlock, HVAC and high efficiency particulate air filters (HEPA). Additionally, principles of process control and instrumentation have been applied throughout design stage of project with aim of creating a process that is ultimately safe, and one that complies with safety regulations, efficient and economically stable. Compliance to current good manufacturing practices (cGMP) and regulations are achieved through incorporation of key cGMP components such as validation master plan (VMP), quality control (QC), cleaning-in-place (CIP), sterilisation-in-place (SIP), trained personnel and waste treatment process. Economic evaluation of project indicates viability, net profit of £557,000,000 is a very lucrative figure for a 10-year investment. Project payback time of 5 months and entire project timeline of 1 year and 10 months demonstrates that this project is highly feasible and has potential to attract numerous investors.]]> Wed, 06 Sep 2017 21:11:05 GMT /slideshow/biopharmaceutical-plant-design/79501786 SinthujanPushpakaran@slideshare.net(SinthujanPushpakaran) (Bio)pharmaceutical plant design SinthujanPushpakaran The purpose of this document is to present a potential design to the client for manufacture of a DNA vaccine facility in the United Kingdom. Facility will have capacity to produce 1 kg/annum of two plasmid products. Pivotal factors considered in design and layout of DNA vaccine facility were compliance to good manufacturing practices (cGMP), effective production, regulatory guidelines, contamination minimisation and effective cleanliness. Handling of raw materials and final product both on and off site has been studied to outline features and add-ups that can be implemented to minimise environmental impact: such measures include process safety and instrumentation. Impact of airborne particles, temperature, pressure and relative humidity on purity, efficacy and safety have been reduced through design of class 100 cleanrooms equipped with controlled-air environment accessible via airlock, HVAC and high efficiency particulate air filters (HEPA). Additionally, principles of process control and instrumentation have been applied throughout design stage of project with aim of creating a process that is ultimately safe, and one that complies with safety regulations, efficient and economically stable. Compliance to current good manufacturing practices (cGMP) and regulations are achieved through incorporation of key cGMP components such as validation master plan (VMP), quality control (QC), cleaning-in-place (CIP), sterilisation-in-place (SIP), trained personnel and waste treatment process. Economic evaluation of project indicates viability, net profit of £557,000,000 is a very lucrative figure for a 10-year investment. Project payback time of 5 months and entire project timeline of 1 year and 10 months demonstrates that this project is highly feasible and has potential to attract numerous investors. <img style="border:1px solid #C3E6D8;float:right;" alt="" src="https://cdn.slidesharecdn.com/ss_thumbnails/rzutlitr42ojrbmqbofm-signature-dc6bca414c8260884e5f8d46c01db2fe0a7e8a249d324cc4f38e90ce3de7593f-poli-170906211105-thumbnail.jpg?width=120&amp;height=120&amp;fit=bounds" /><br> The purpose of this document is to present a potential design to the client for manufacture of a DNA vaccine facility in the United Kingdom. Facility will have capacity to produce 1 kg/annum of two plasmid products. Pivotal factors considered in design and layout of DNA vaccine facility were compliance to good manufacturing practices (cGMP), effective production, regulatory guidelines, contamination minimisation and effective cleanliness. Handling of raw materials and final product both on and off site has been studied to outline features and add-ups that can be implemented to minimise environmental impact: such measures include process safety and instrumentation. Impact of airborne particles, temperature, pressure and relative humidity on purity, efficacy and safety have been reduced through design of class 100 cleanrooms equipped with controlled-air environment accessible via airlock, HVAC and high efficiency particulate air filters (HEPA). Additionally, principles of process control and instrumentation have been applied throughout design stage of project with aim of creating a process that is ultimately safe, and one that complies with safety regulations, efficient and economically stable. Compliance to current good manufacturing practices (cGMP) and regulations are achieved through incorporation of key cGMP components such as validation master plan (VMP), quality control (QC), cleaning-in-place (CIP), sterilisation-in-place (SIP), trained personnel and waste treatment process. Economic evaluation of project indicates viability, net profit of £557,000,000 is a very lucrative figure for a 10-year investment. Project payback time of 5 months and entire project timeline of 1 year and 10 months demonstrates that this project is highly feasible and has potential to attract numerous investors.
(Bio)pharmaceutical plant design from Sinthujan Pushpakaran
]]> 13379 15 https://cdn.slidesharecdn.com/ss_thumbnails/rzutlitr42ojrbmqbofm-signature-dc6bca414c8260884e5f8d46c01db2fe0a7e8a249d324cc4f38e90ce3de7593f-poli-170906211105-thumbnail.jpg?width=120&height=120&fit=bounds document Black http://activitystrea.ms/schema/1.0/post http://activitystrea.ms/schema/1.0/posted 0 Cameroon Catalyst Sanitation Project /slideshow/cameroon-catalyst-sanitation-project/79501650 tnbpshqoslq4zucxyb2i-signature-afec22bfa7c3991230673c2c6c9e3659130824452ca03368750a33d4a5d6bcf4-poli-170906210443
This report is a proposal that details a possible hand – washing facility as well as an examination of the cultural and social aspects involved in delivering sanitary hand washing to villages in Cameroon. The handwashing facility proposed is the Tippy Tap. The tippy tap cuts out the use of manual operation by linking a foot pedal to a water container by a rope. The rope is suspended over a beam, which dispenses the water found in an allocated container following foot pedal operation. The primary material implemented is timber, which is utilised to frame the overall structure comprised of a beam resting on two inclined timber columns. This structural arrangement was considered due to added lateral resistance as opposed to vertical columns. A span between 1.5m and 2m ensures sufficient space for a maximum load of 5 containers. In order to ensure a long – term solution, the foot of the timber columns will be placed into a mixture of cement and sand for added support. Furthermore, the tippy tap design accounts for drainage of used water by means of a shallow gravel pit. In addition to the design proposal, a maintenance strategy has been outlined to assess and enhance the sustainability of the facilities described. The maintenance section examines possible issues that may arise during the operation of the facilities, a breakdown of these issues and mitigation strategies. The measures taken influence cultural and social attributes, thus the aspect of education and acceptance is of high importance and as such has been accounted within the report. An action plan has been presented to ensure safe, effective and intuitive practice of the facilities stated.]]>
This report is a proposal that details a possible hand – washing facility as well as an examination of the cultural and social aspects involved in delivering sanitary hand washing to villages in Cameroon. The handwashing facility proposed is the Tippy Tap. The tippy tap cuts out the use of manual operation by linking a foot pedal to a water container by a rope. The rope is suspended over a beam, which dispenses the water found in an allocated container following foot pedal operation. The primary material implemented is timber, which is utilised to frame the overall structure comprised of a beam resting on two inclined timber columns. This structural arrangement was considered due to added lateral resistance as opposed to vertical columns. A span between 1.5m and 2m ensures sufficient space for a maximum load of 5 containers. In order to ensure a long – term solution, the foot of the timber columns will be placed into a mixture of cement and sand for added support. Furthermore, the tippy tap design accounts for drainage of used water by means of a shallow gravel pit. In addition to the design proposal, a maintenance strategy has been outlined to assess and enhance the sustainability of the facilities described. The maintenance section examines possible issues that may arise during the operation of the facilities, a breakdown of these issues and mitigation strategies. The measures taken influence cultural and social attributes, thus the aspect of education and acceptance is of high importance and as such has been accounted within the report. An action plan has been presented to ensure safe, effective and intuitive practice of the facilities stated.]]> Wed, 06 Sep 2017 21:04:43 GMT /slideshow/cameroon-catalyst-sanitation-project/79501650 SinthujanPushpakaran@slideshare.net(SinthujanPushpakaran) Cameroon Catalyst Sanitation Project SinthujanPushpakaran This report is a proposal that details a possible hand – washing facility as well as an examination of the cultural and social aspects involved in delivering sanitary hand washing to villages in Cameroon. The handwashing facility proposed is the Tippy Tap. The tippy tap cuts out the use of manual operation by linking a foot pedal to a water container by a rope. The rope is suspended over a beam, which dispenses the water found in an allocated container following foot pedal operation. The primary material implemented is timber, which is utilised to frame the overall structure comprised of a beam resting on two inclined timber columns. This structural arrangement was considered due to added lateral resistance as opposed to vertical columns. A span between 1.5m and 2m ensures sufficient space for a maximum load of 5 containers. In order to ensure a long – term solution, the foot of the timber columns will be placed into a mixture of cement and sand for added support. Furthermore, the tippy tap design accounts for drainage of used water by means of a shallow gravel pit. In addition to the design proposal, a maintenance strategy has been outlined to assess and enhance the sustainability of the facilities described. The maintenance section examines possible issues that may arise during the operation of the facilities, a breakdown of these issues and mitigation strategies. The measures taken influence cultural and social attributes, thus the aspect of education and acceptance is of high importance and as such has been accounted within the report. An action plan has been presented to ensure safe, effective and intuitive practice of the facilities stated. <img style="border:1px solid #C3E6D8;float:right;" alt="" src="https://cdn.slidesharecdn.com/ss_thumbnails/tnbpshqoslq4zucxyb2i-signature-afec22bfa7c3991230673c2c6c9e3659130824452ca03368750a33d4a5d6bcf4-poli-170906210443-thumbnail.jpg?width=120&amp;height=120&amp;fit=bounds" /><br> This report is a proposal that details a possible hand – washing facility as well as an examination of the cultural and social aspects involved in delivering sanitary hand washing to villages in Cameroon. The handwashing facility proposed is the Tippy Tap. The tippy tap cuts out the use of manual operation by linking a foot pedal to a water container by a rope. The rope is suspended over a beam, which dispenses the water found in an allocated container following foot pedal operation. The primary material implemented is timber, which is utilised to frame the overall structure comprised of a beam resting on two inclined timber columns. This structural arrangement was considered due to added lateral resistance as opposed to vertical columns. A span between 1.5m and 2m ensures sufficient space for a maximum load of 5 containers. In order to ensure a long – term solution, the foot of the timber columns will be placed into a mixture of cement and sand for added support. Furthermore, the tippy tap design accounts for drainage of used water by means of a shallow gravel pit. In addition to the design proposal, a maintenance strategy has been outlined to assess and enhance the sustainability of the facilities described. The maintenance section examines possible issues that may arise during the operation of the facilities, a breakdown of these issues and mitigation strategies. The measures taken influence cultural and social attributes, thus the aspect of education and acceptance is of high importance and as such has been accounted within the report. An action plan has been presented to ensure safe, effective and intuitive practice of the facilities stated.
Cameroon Catalyst Sanitation Project from Sinthujan Pushpakaran
]]> 272 9 https://cdn.slidesharecdn.com/ss_thumbnails/tnbpshqoslq4zucxyb2i-signature-afec22bfa7c3991230673c2c6c9e3659130824452ca03368750a33d4a5d6bcf4-poli-170906210443-thumbnail.jpg?width=120&height=120&fit=bounds document Black http://activitystrea.ms/schema/1.0/post http://activitystrea.ms/schema/1.0/posted 0 Upgrading the bottom of the barrel through in situ oil recovery (THAI CAPRI) process /slideshow/upgrading-the-bottom-of-the-barrel-through-in-situ-oil-recovery-thai-capri-process-79501497/79501497 2ptqlrst5kos2t7ammas-signature-ff20995ceaecf9989e3e90b164453ee7e5047566c902b56efd526f085a22cfee-poli-170906205755
As world reserves of light crude oil are gradually running out, alternative vast deposits of heavy oil and bitumen have been considered to balance rising fuels demand. Upgrading is the breakdown of heavy oil into oil that features similar characteristics to light oils. The THAI – CAPRI (Toe – to – heel air injection with catalytic upgrading process in-situ) aims at accomplishing upgrading down – hole. In light of catalyst deactivation issues with hydrodesulphurization (HDS) catalysts highlighted in previous THAI – CAPRI process studies, novel synthetic NiAlCO3-HTlc anionic clays catalysts at different concentrations are explored with aim of controlling catalyst deactivation due to coking while enhancing level of upgrading. In this study, the THAI – CAPRI process was replicated using a batch autoclave reactor. Effects of increasing catalyst concentration of NiAlCO3-HTlc anionic clay catalysts on the extent of upgrading were investigated via thermal cracking upgrading experiments carried out at 425 °C to evaluate performance. It was found that at high reaction temperature of 425 °C, cracking deteriorated as well as decrease in API gravity (6 to 2°), viscosity reduction of (99.5 to 99.1 %) and lower yield of fuel distillates with increasing catalyst concentration. Despite improvement in produced oil in the 2:1 NiAlCO3-HTlc anionic clay catalyst, coke content of spent catalysts reduced from 33.2 to 24.4 wt. % as catalyst concentration increased. A reduction in asphaltene content with increasing catalyst concentration was also noted. The synergistic effect of increasing nickel content lessen level of upgrading and diminishes oil production, detriments pipeline transportation via increment in viscosity, however produces less impurities thus reducing impact on the environment and downstream processes.]]>
As world reserves of light crude oil are gradually running out, alternative vast deposits of heavy oil and bitumen have been considered to balance rising fuels demand. Upgrading is the breakdown of heavy oil into oil that features similar characteristics to light oils. The THAI – CAPRI (Toe – to – heel air injection with catalytic upgrading process in-situ) aims at accomplishing upgrading down – hole. In light of catalyst deactivation issues with hydrodesulphurization (HDS) catalysts highlighted in previous THAI – CAPRI process studies, novel synthetic NiAlCO3-HTlc anionic clays catalysts at different concentrations are explored with aim of controlling catalyst deactivation due to coking while enhancing level of upgrading. In this study, the THAI – CAPRI process was replicated using a batch autoclave reactor. Effects of increasing catalyst concentration of NiAlCO3-HTlc anionic clay catalysts on the extent of upgrading were investigated via thermal cracking upgrading experiments carried out at 425 °C to evaluate performance. It was found that at high reaction temperature of 425 °C, cracking deteriorated as well as decrease in API gravity (6 to 2°), viscosity reduction of (99.5 to 99.1 %) and lower yield of fuel distillates with increasing catalyst concentration. Despite improvement in produced oil in the 2:1 NiAlCO3-HTlc anionic clay catalyst, coke content of spent catalysts reduced from 33.2 to 24.4 wt. % as catalyst concentration increased. A reduction in asphaltene content with increasing catalyst concentration was also noted. The synergistic effect of increasing nickel content lessen level of upgrading and diminishes oil production, detriments pipeline transportation via increment in viscosity, however produces less impurities thus reducing impact on the environment and downstream processes.]]> Wed, 06 Sep 2017 20:57:55 GMT /slideshow/upgrading-the-bottom-of-the-barrel-through-in-situ-oil-recovery-thai-capri-process-79501497/79501497 SinthujanPushpakaran@slideshare.net(SinthujanPushpakaran) Upgrading the bottom of the barrel through in situ oil recovery (THAI CAPRI) process SinthujanPushpakaran As world reserves of light crude oil are gradually running out, alternative vast deposits of heavy oil and bitumen have been considered to balance rising fuels demand. Upgrading is the breakdown of heavy oil into oil that features similar characteristics to light oils. The THAI – CAPRI (Toe – to – heel air injection with catalytic upgrading process in-situ) aims at accomplishing upgrading down – hole. In light of catalyst deactivation issues with hydrodesulphurization (HDS) catalysts highlighted in previous THAI – CAPRI process studies, novel synthetic NiAlCO3-HTlc anionic clays catalysts at different concentrations are explored with aim of controlling catalyst deactivation due to coking while enhancing level of upgrading. In this study, the THAI – CAPRI process was replicated using a batch autoclave reactor. Effects of increasing catalyst concentration of NiAlCO3-HTlc anionic clay catalysts on the extent of upgrading were investigated via thermal cracking upgrading experiments carried out at 425 °C to evaluate performance. It was found that at high reaction temperature of 425 °C, cracking deteriorated as well as decrease in API gravity (6 to 2°), viscosity reduction of (99.5 to 99.1 %) and lower yield of fuel distillates with increasing catalyst concentration. Despite improvement in produced oil in the 2:1 NiAlCO3-HTlc anionic clay catalyst, coke content of spent catalysts reduced from 33.2 to 24.4 wt. % as catalyst concentration increased. A reduction in asphaltene content with increasing catalyst concentration was also noted. The synergistic effect of increasing nickel content lessen level of upgrading and diminishes oil production, detriments pipeline transportation via increment in viscosity, however produces less impurities thus reducing impact on the environment and downstream processes. <img style="border:1px solid #C3E6D8;float:right;" alt="" src="https://cdn.slidesharecdn.com/ss_thumbnails/2ptqlrst5kos2t7ammas-signature-ff20995ceaecf9989e3e90b164453ee7e5047566c902b56efd526f085a22cfee-poli-170906205755-thumbnail.jpg?width=120&amp;height=120&amp;fit=bounds" /><br> As world reserves of light crude oil are gradually running out, alternative vast deposits of heavy oil and bitumen have been considered to balance rising fuels demand. Upgrading is the breakdown of heavy oil into oil that features similar characteristics to light oils. The THAI – CAPRI (Toe – to – heel air injection with catalytic upgrading process in-situ) aims at accomplishing upgrading down – hole. In light of catalyst deactivation issues with hydrodesulphurization (HDS) catalysts highlighted in previous THAI – CAPRI process studies, novel synthetic NiAlCO3-HTlc anionic clays catalysts at different concentrations are explored with aim of controlling catalyst deactivation due to coking while enhancing level of upgrading. In this study, the THAI – CAPRI process was replicated using a batch autoclave reactor. Effects of increasing catalyst concentration of NiAlCO3-HTlc anionic clay catalysts on the extent of upgrading were investigated via thermal cracking upgrading experiments carried out at 425 °C to evaluate performance. It was found that at high reaction temperature of 425 °C, cracking deteriorated as well as decrease in API gravity (6 to 2°), viscosity reduction of (99.5 to 99.1 %) and lower yield of fuel distillates with increasing catalyst concentration. Despite improvement in produced oil in the 2:1 NiAlCO3-HTlc anionic clay catalyst, coke content of spent catalysts reduced from 33.2 to 24.4 wt. % as catalyst concentration increased. A reduction in asphaltene content with increasing catalyst concentration was also noted. The synergistic effect of increasing nickel content lessen level of upgrading and diminishes oil production, detriments pipeline transportation via increment in viscosity, however produces less impurities thus reducing impact on the environment and downstream processes.
Upgrading the bottom of the barrel through in situ oil recovery (THAI CAPRI) process from Sinthujan Pushpakaran
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