際際滷shows by User: ashokmenon77 / http://www.slideshare.net/images/logo.gif 際際滷shows by User: ashokmenon77 / Mon, 05 Apr 2021 09:56:13 GMT 際際滷Share feed for 際際滷shows by User: ashokmenon77 Seafarers post covid /ashokmenon77/seafarers-post-covid seafarerspostcovid-210405095614
How seafarers coped with the pandemic and the way forward: A Webinar on the Nation Maritime Day 2021 by NMDCC, Kolkata.]]>

How seafarers coped with the pandemic and the way forward: A Webinar on the Nation Maritime Day 2021 by NMDCC, Kolkata.]]>
Mon, 05 Apr 2021 09:56:13 GMT /ashokmenon77/seafarers-post-covid ashokmenon77@slideshare.net(ashokmenon77) Seafarers post covid ashokmenon77 How seafarers coped with the pandemic and the way forward: A Webinar on the Nation Maritime Day 2021 by NMDCC, Kolkata. <img style="border:1px solid #C3E6D8;float:right;" alt="" src="https://cdn.slidesharecdn.com/ss_thumbnails/seafarerspostcovid-210405095614-thumbnail.jpg?width=120&amp;height=120&amp;fit=bounds" /><br> How seafarers coped with the pandemic and the way forward: A Webinar on the Nation Maritime Day 2021 by NMDCC, Kolkata.
Seafarers post covid from Capt Ashok Menon
]]>
293 0 https://cdn.slidesharecdn.com/ss_thumbnails/seafarerspostcovid-210405095614-thumbnail.jpg?width=120&height=120&fit=bounds presentation Black http://activitystrea.ms/schema/1.0/post http://activitystrea.ms/schema/1.0/posted 0
Safety of navigation /slideshow/safety-of-navigation-220556190/220556190 safetyofnavigation-200115085736
A look into the ship operators role in safety of Navigation]]>

A look into the ship operators role in safety of Navigation]]>
Wed, 15 Jan 2020 08:57:36 GMT /slideshow/safety-of-navigation-220556190/220556190 ashokmenon77@slideshare.net(ashokmenon77) Safety of navigation ashokmenon77 A look into the ship operators role in safety of Navigation <img style="border:1px solid #C3E6D8;float:right;" alt="" src="https://cdn.slidesharecdn.com/ss_thumbnails/safetyofnavigation-200115085736-thumbnail.jpg?width=120&amp;height=120&amp;fit=bounds" /><br> A look into the ship operators role in safety of Navigation
Safety of navigation from Capt Ashok Menon
]]>
1052 2 https://cdn.slidesharecdn.com/ss_thumbnails/safetyofnavigation-200115085736-thumbnail.jpg?width=120&height=120&fit=bounds presentation Black http://activitystrea.ms/schema/1.0/post http://activitystrea.ms/schema/1.0/posted 0
$ 5 trillion indian economy /slideshow/5-trillion-indian-economy/220554387 5trillionindianeconomy-200115083441
India's aim to achieve 5 Trillion Economy in the next few years and the role of the shipping industry towards this objective.]]>

India's aim to achieve 5 Trillion Economy in the next few years and the role of the shipping industry towards this objective.]]>
Wed, 15 Jan 2020 08:34:41 GMT /slideshow/5-trillion-indian-economy/220554387 ashokmenon77@slideshare.net(ashokmenon77) $ 5 trillion indian economy ashokmenon77 India's aim to achieve 5 Trillion Economy in the next few years and the role of the shipping industry towards this objective. <img style="border:1px solid #C3E6D8;float:right;" alt="" src="https://cdn.slidesharecdn.com/ss_thumbnails/5trillionindianeconomy-200115083441-thumbnail.jpg?width=120&amp;height=120&amp;fit=bounds" /><br> India&#39;s aim to achieve 5 Trillion Economy in the next few years and the role of the shipping industry towards this objective.
$ 5 trillion indian economy from Capt Ashok Menon
]]>
3900 0 https://cdn.slidesharecdn.com/ss_thumbnails/5trillionindianeconomy-200115083441-thumbnail.jpg?width=120&height=120&fit=bounds presentation Black http://activitystrea.ms/schema/1.0/post http://activitystrea.ms/schema/1.0/posted 0
Imo action dates /slideshow/imo-action-dates-217543321/217543321 imoactiondates-200109033805
A presentation at the monthly meet of the Association of Master Mariners, Kolkata, on 8th Jan 2020]]>

A presentation at the monthly meet of the Association of Master Mariners, Kolkata, on 8th Jan 2020]]>
Thu, 09 Jan 2020 03:38:05 GMT /slideshow/imo-action-dates-217543321/217543321 ashokmenon77@slideshare.net(ashokmenon77) Imo action dates ashokmenon77 A presentation at the monthly meet of the Association of Master Mariners, Kolkata, on 8th Jan 2020 <img style="border:1px solid #C3E6D8;float:right;" alt="" src="https://cdn.slidesharecdn.com/ss_thumbnails/imoactiondates-200109033805-thumbnail.jpg?width=120&amp;height=120&amp;fit=bounds" /><br> A presentation at the monthly meet of the Association of Master Mariners, Kolkata, on 8th Jan 2020
Imo action dates from Capt Ashok Menon
]]>
132 1 https://cdn.slidesharecdn.com/ss_thumbnails/imoactiondates-200109033805-thumbnail.jpg?width=120&height=120&fit=bounds presentation Black http://activitystrea.ms/schema/1.0/post http://activitystrea.ms/schema/1.0/posted 0
Maritime accident n incident investigation /slideshow/maritime-accident-n-incident-investigation/156669420 maritimeaccidentnincidentinvestigation-190720170514
Accidents dont happen. THey are the result of a chain of unsafe acts, near misses and incidents.]]>

Accidents dont happen. THey are the result of a chain of unsafe acts, near misses and incidents.]]>
Sat, 20 Jul 2019 17:05:14 GMT /slideshow/maritime-accident-n-incident-investigation/156669420 ashokmenon77@slideshare.net(ashokmenon77) Maritime accident n incident investigation ashokmenon77 Accidents dont happen. THey are the result of a chain of unsafe acts, near misses and incidents. <img style="border:1px solid #C3E6D8;float:right;" alt="" src="https://cdn.slidesharecdn.com/ss_thumbnails/maritimeaccidentnincidentinvestigation-190720170514-thumbnail.jpg?width=120&amp;height=120&amp;fit=bounds" /><br> Accidents dont happen. THey are the result of a chain of unsafe acts, near misses and incidents.
Maritime accident n incident investigation from Capt Ashok Menon
]]>
1592 5 https://cdn.slidesharecdn.com/ss_thumbnails/maritimeaccidentnincidentinvestigation-190720170514-thumbnail.jpg?width=120&height=120&fit=bounds presentation Black http://activitystrea.ms/schema/1.0/post http://activitystrea.ms/schema/1.0/posted 0
Passage planning /slideshow/passage-planning-156668545/156668545 passageplanning-190720165359
An overview of passage planning on board ships ]]>

An overview of passage planning on board ships ]]>
Sat, 20 Jul 2019 16:53:59 GMT /slideshow/passage-planning-156668545/156668545 ashokmenon77@slideshare.net(ashokmenon77) Passage planning ashokmenon77 An overview of passage planning on board ships <img style="border:1px solid #C3E6D8;float:right;" alt="" src="https://cdn.slidesharecdn.com/ss_thumbnails/passageplanning-190720165359-thumbnail.jpg?width=120&amp;height=120&amp;fit=bounds" /><br> An overview of passage planning on board ships
Passage planning from Capt Ashok Menon
]]>
9310 11 https://cdn.slidesharecdn.com/ss_thumbnails/passageplanning-190720165359-thumbnail.jpg?width=120&height=120&fit=bounds presentation Black http://activitystrea.ms/schema/1.0/post http://activitystrea.ms/schema/1.0/posted 0
Management of change. /slideshow/management-of-change-156668102/156668102 managementofchange-190720164831
Change is the only constant in life: A presentaton of the importance and intricacies of Mangement of Change on board ships.]]>

Change is the only constant in life: A presentaton of the importance and intricacies of Mangement of Change on board ships.]]>
Sat, 20 Jul 2019 16:48:31 GMT /slideshow/management-of-change-156668102/156668102 ashokmenon77@slideshare.net(ashokmenon77) Management of change. ashokmenon77 Change is the only constant in life: A presentaton of the importance and intricacies of Mangement of Change on board ships. <img style="border:1px solid #C3E6D8;float:right;" alt="" src="https://cdn.slidesharecdn.com/ss_thumbnails/managementofchange-190720164831-thumbnail.jpg?width=120&amp;height=120&amp;fit=bounds" /><br> Change is the only constant in life: A presentaton of the importance and intricacies of Mangement of Change on board ships.
Management of change. from Capt Ashok Menon
]]>
620 2 https://cdn.slidesharecdn.com/ss_thumbnails/managementofchange-190720164831-thumbnail.jpg?width=120&height=120&fit=bounds presentation Black http://activitystrea.ms/schema/1.0/post http://activitystrea.ms/schema/1.0/posted 0
Marpol annexes /slideshow/marpol-annexes/156667553 marpolannexes-190720164212
A description of the annexes of MARPOL]]>

A description of the annexes of MARPOL]]>
Sat, 20 Jul 2019 16:42:11 GMT /slideshow/marpol-annexes/156667553 ashokmenon77@slideshare.net(ashokmenon77) Marpol annexes ashokmenon77 A description of the annexes of MARPOL <img style="border:1px solid #C3E6D8;float:right;" alt="" src="https://cdn.slidesharecdn.com/ss_thumbnails/marpolannexes-190720164212-thumbnail.jpg?width=120&amp;height=120&amp;fit=bounds" /><br> A description of the annexes of MARPOL
Marpol annexes from Capt Ashok Menon
]]>
8902 3 https://cdn.slidesharecdn.com/ss_thumbnails/marpolannexes-190720164212-thumbnail.jpg?width=120&height=120&fit=bounds presentation Black http://activitystrea.ms/schema/1.0/post http://activitystrea.ms/schema/1.0/posted 0
Ice navigation /slideshow/ice-navigation-156664836/156664836 icenavigation-190720161227
The hazards and precautions when navigating in Ice]]>

The hazards and precautions when navigating in Ice]]>
Sat, 20 Jul 2019 16:12:26 GMT /slideshow/ice-navigation-156664836/156664836 ashokmenon77@slideshare.net(ashokmenon77) Ice navigation ashokmenon77 The hazards and precautions when navigating in Ice <img style="border:1px solid #C3E6D8;float:right;" alt="" src="https://cdn.slidesharecdn.com/ss_thumbnails/icenavigation-190720161227-thumbnail.jpg?width=120&amp;height=120&amp;fit=bounds" /><br> The hazards and precautions when navigating in Ice
Ice navigation from Capt Ashok Menon
]]>
517 4 https://cdn.slidesharecdn.com/ss_thumbnails/icenavigation-190720161227-thumbnail.jpg?width=120&height=120&fit=bounds presentation Black http://activitystrea.ms/schema/1.0/post http://activitystrea.ms/schema/1.0/posted 0
Hazmat - decodning the IMDG Code /slideshow/hazmat-decodning-the-imdg-code/156664326 hazmat-190720160543
IMDG code made simple ]]>

IMDG code made simple ]]>
Sat, 20 Jul 2019 16:05:42 GMT /slideshow/hazmat-decodning-the-imdg-code/156664326 ashokmenon77@slideshare.net(ashokmenon77) Hazmat - decodning the IMDG Code ashokmenon77 IMDG code made simple <img style="border:1px solid #C3E6D8;float:right;" alt="" src="https://cdn.slidesharecdn.com/ss_thumbnails/hazmat-190720160543-thumbnail.jpg?width=120&amp;height=120&amp;fit=bounds" /><br> IMDG code made simple
Hazmat - decodning the IMDG Code from Capt Ashok Menon
]]>
502 6 https://cdn.slidesharecdn.com/ss_thumbnails/hazmat-190720160543-thumbnail.jpg?width=120&height=120&fit=bounds presentation Black http://activitystrea.ms/schema/1.0/post http://activitystrea.ms/schema/1.0/posted 0
Safety officer on ship /ashokmenon77/safety-officer-on-ship safetyofficeronship-190720155800
THE ROLES AND RESPONSIBILITIES OF THE SAFETY OFFICER ON THE SHIP]]>

THE ROLES AND RESPONSIBILITIES OF THE SAFETY OFFICER ON THE SHIP]]>
Sat, 20 Jul 2019 15:58:00 GMT /ashokmenon77/safety-officer-on-ship ashokmenon77@slideshare.net(ashokmenon77) Safety officer on ship ashokmenon77 THE ROLES AND RESPONSIBILITIES OF THE SAFETY OFFICER ON THE SHIP <img style="border:1px solid #C3E6D8;float:right;" alt="" src="https://cdn.slidesharecdn.com/ss_thumbnails/safetyofficeronship-190720155800-thumbnail.jpg?width=120&amp;height=120&amp;fit=bounds" /><br> THE ROLES AND RESPONSIBILITIES OF THE SAFETY OFFICER ON THE SHIP
Safety officer on ship from Capt Ashok Menon
]]>
4067 3 https://cdn.slidesharecdn.com/ss_thumbnails/safetyofficeronship-190720155800-thumbnail.jpg?width=120&height=120&fit=bounds presentation Black http://activitystrea.ms/schema/1.0/post http://activitystrea.ms/schema/1.0/posted 0
Chemical tankers /slideshow/chemical-tankers/156663375 chemicaltankers-190720155203
A presentation on chemical tankers and their Rules and regulations]]>

A presentation on chemical tankers and their Rules and regulations]]>
Sat, 20 Jul 2019 15:52:03 GMT /slideshow/chemical-tankers/156663375 ashokmenon77@slideshare.net(ashokmenon77) Chemical tankers ashokmenon77 A presentation on chemical tankers and their Rules and regulations <img style="border:1px solid #C3E6D8;float:right;" alt="" src="https://cdn.slidesharecdn.com/ss_thumbnails/chemicaltankers-190720155203-thumbnail.jpg?width=120&amp;height=120&amp;fit=bounds" /><br> A presentation on chemical tankers and their Rules and regulations
Chemical tankers from Capt Ashok Menon
]]>
1091 2 https://cdn.slidesharecdn.com/ss_thumbnails/chemicaltankers-190720155203-thumbnail.jpg?width=120&height=120&fit=bounds presentation Black http://activitystrea.ms/schema/1.0/post http://activitystrea.ms/schema/1.0/posted 0
Case studies of shipping casualties /slideshow/case-studies-of-shipping-casualties/156662777 casestudiesofshippingcasualties-190720154415
Bridge Resource Management module Various shipping Casualties - Case studies]]>

Bridge Resource Management module Various shipping Casualties - Case studies]]>
Sat, 20 Jul 2019 15:44:15 GMT /slideshow/case-studies-of-shipping-casualties/156662777 ashokmenon77@slideshare.net(ashokmenon77) Case studies of shipping casualties ashokmenon77 Bridge Resource Management module Various shipping Casualties - Case studies <img style="border:1px solid #C3E6D8;float:right;" alt="" src="https://cdn.slidesharecdn.com/ss_thumbnails/casestudiesofshippingcasualties-190720154415-thumbnail.jpg?width=120&amp;height=120&amp;fit=bounds" /><br> Bridge Resource Management module Various shipping Casualties - Case studies
Case studies of shipping casualties from Capt Ashok Menon
]]>
2131 1 https://cdn.slidesharecdn.com/ss_thumbnails/casestudiesofshippingcasualties-190720154415-thumbnail.jpg?width=120&height=120&fit=bounds presentation Black http://activitystrea.ms/schema/1.0/post http://activitystrea.ms/schema/1.0/posted 0
Day of the seafarer 2012 /ashokmenon77/day-of-the-seafarer-2012 dayoftheseafarer2012-190720153428
Presentation at a seminar hosted by the National Maritime Day Committee, MMD Kolkata]]>

Presentation at a seminar hosted by the National Maritime Day Committee, MMD Kolkata]]>
Sat, 20 Jul 2019 15:34:28 GMT /ashokmenon77/day-of-the-seafarer-2012 ashokmenon77@slideshare.net(ashokmenon77) Day of the seafarer 2012 ashokmenon77 Presentation at a seminar hosted by the National Maritime Day Committee, MMD Kolkata <img style="border:1px solid #C3E6D8;float:right;" alt="" src="https://cdn.slidesharecdn.com/ss_thumbnails/dayoftheseafarer2012-190720153428-thumbnail.jpg?width=120&amp;height=120&amp;fit=bounds" /><br> Presentation at a seminar hosted by the National Maritime Day Committee, MMD Kolkata
Day of the seafarer 2012 from Capt Ashok Menon
]]>
69 2 https://cdn.slidesharecdn.com/ss_thumbnails/dayoftheseafarer2012-190720153428-thumbnail.jpg?width=120&height=120&fit=bounds presentation Black http://activitystrea.ms/schema/1.0/post http://activitystrea.ms/schema/1.0/posted 0
Stress and fatigue on ships /slideshow/stress-and-fatigue-on-ships-156618608/156618608 stressandfatigueonships-190720075543
The effect of stress and fatigue on seafarers and ship operations]]>

The effect of stress and fatigue on seafarers and ship operations]]>
Sat, 20 Jul 2019 07:55:43 GMT /slideshow/stress-and-fatigue-on-ships-156618608/156618608 ashokmenon77@slideshare.net(ashokmenon77) Stress and fatigue on ships ashokmenon77 The effect of stress and fatigue on seafarers and ship operations <img style="border:1px solid #C3E6D8;float:right;" alt="" src="https://cdn.slidesharecdn.com/ss_thumbnails/stressandfatigueonships-190720075543-thumbnail.jpg?width=120&amp;height=120&amp;fit=bounds" /><br> The effect of stress and fatigue on seafarers and ship operations
Stress and fatigue on ships from Capt Ashok Menon
]]>
1537 2 https://cdn.slidesharecdn.com/ss_thumbnails/stressandfatigueonships-190720075543-thumbnail.jpg?width=120&height=120&fit=bounds presentation Black http://activitystrea.ms/schema/1.0/post http://activitystrea.ms/schema/1.0/posted 0
Shore based training for seafarers /slideshow/shore-based-training-for-seafarers/156618060 shorebasedtrainingforseafarers-190720075319
The importance of shore based training for seafarers]]>

The importance of shore based training for seafarers]]>
Sat, 20 Jul 2019 07:53:19 GMT /slideshow/shore-based-training-for-seafarers/156618060 ashokmenon77@slideshare.net(ashokmenon77) Shore based training for seafarers ashokmenon77 The importance of shore based training for seafarers <img style="border:1px solid #C3E6D8;float:right;" alt="" src="https://cdn.slidesharecdn.com/ss_thumbnails/shorebasedtrainingforseafarers-190720075319-thumbnail.jpg?width=120&amp;height=120&amp;fit=bounds" /><br> The importance of shore based training for seafarers
Shore based training for seafarers from Capt Ashok Menon
]]>
372 2 https://cdn.slidesharecdn.com/ss_thumbnails/shorebasedtrainingforseafarers-190720075319-thumbnail.jpg?width=120&height=120&fit=bounds presentation Black http://activitystrea.ms/schema/1.0/post http://activitystrea.ms/schema/1.0/posted 0
Vetting of ships /slideshow/vetting-of-ships/156617586 vettingofships-190720075111
A short presentation and an overview on ship vetting]]>

A short presentation and an overview on ship vetting]]>
Sat, 20 Jul 2019 07:51:11 GMT /slideshow/vetting-of-ships/156617586 ashokmenon77@slideshare.net(ashokmenon77) Vetting of ships ashokmenon77 A short presentation and an overview on ship vetting <img style="border:1px solid #C3E6D8;float:right;" alt="" src="https://cdn.slidesharecdn.com/ss_thumbnails/vettingofships-190720075111-thumbnail.jpg?width=120&amp;height=120&amp;fit=bounds" /><br> A short presentation and an overview on ship vetting
Vetting of ships from Capt Ashok Menon
]]>
1040 2 https://cdn.slidesharecdn.com/ss_thumbnails/vettingofships-190720075111-thumbnail.jpg?width=120&height=120&fit=bounds presentation Black http://activitystrea.ms/schema/1.0/post http://activitystrea.ms/schema/1.0/posted 0
Vapout emission control /slideshow/vapout-emission-control/156616916 vapoutemissioncontrol-190720074818
A study of Volatile Organic Compunds and their effects and control actions.]]>

A study of Volatile Organic Compunds and their effects and control actions.]]>
Sat, 20 Jul 2019 07:48:18 GMT /slideshow/vapout-emission-control/156616916 ashokmenon77@slideshare.net(ashokmenon77) Vapout emission control ashokmenon77 A study of Volatile Organic Compunds and their effects and control actions. <img style="border:1px solid #C3E6D8;float:right;" alt="" src="https://cdn.slidesharecdn.com/ss_thumbnails/vapoutemissioncontrol-190720074818-thumbnail.jpg?width=120&amp;height=120&amp;fit=bounds" /><br> A study of Volatile Organic Compunds and their effects and control actions.
Vapout emission control from Capt Ashok Menon
]]>
237 2 https://cdn.slidesharecdn.com/ss_thumbnails/vapoutemissioncontrol-190720074818-thumbnail.jpg?width=120&height=120&fit=bounds presentation Black http://activitystrea.ms/schema/1.0/post http://activitystrea.ms/schema/1.0/posted 0
Situational awareness n critical thinking /slideshow/situational-awareness-n-critical-thinking-156616145/156616145 situationalawarenessncriticalthinking-190720074507
Importance of Situational awareness and critical thinking on board ships]]>

Importance of Situational awareness and critical thinking on board ships]]>
Sat, 20 Jul 2019 07:45:07 GMT /slideshow/situational-awareness-n-critical-thinking-156616145/156616145 ashokmenon77@slideshare.net(ashokmenon77) Situational awareness n critical thinking ashokmenon77 Importance of Situational awareness and critical thinking on board ships <img style="border:1px solid #C3E6D8;float:right;" alt="" src="https://cdn.slidesharecdn.com/ss_thumbnails/situationalawarenessncriticalthinking-190720074507-thumbnail.jpg?width=120&amp;height=120&amp;fit=bounds" /><br> Importance of Situational awareness and critical thinking on board ships
Situational awareness n critical thinking from Capt Ashok Menon
]]>
558 4 https://cdn.slidesharecdn.com/ss_thumbnails/situationalawarenessncriticalthinking-190720074507-thumbnail.jpg?width=120&height=120&fit=bounds presentation Black http://activitystrea.ms/schema/1.0/post http://activitystrea.ms/schema/1.0/posted 0
Multicultural awareness n leadership /slideshow/multicultural-awareness-n-leadership/156614775 multiculturalawarenessnleadership-190720073956
Importance of ships crew regarding different cultures]]>

Importance of ships crew regarding different cultures]]>
Sat, 20 Jul 2019 07:39:56 GMT /slideshow/multicultural-awareness-n-leadership/156614775 ashokmenon77@slideshare.net(ashokmenon77) Multicultural awareness n leadership ashokmenon77 Importance of ships crew regarding different cultures <img style="border:1px solid #C3E6D8;float:right;" alt="" src="https://cdn.slidesharecdn.com/ss_thumbnails/multiculturalawarenessnleadership-190720073956-thumbnail.jpg?width=120&amp;height=120&amp;fit=bounds" /><br> Importance of ships crew regarding different cultures
Multicultural awareness n leadership from Capt Ashok Menon
]]>
256 2 https://cdn.slidesharecdn.com/ss_thumbnails/multiculturalawarenessnleadership-190720073956-thumbnail.jpg?width=120&height=120&fit=bounds presentation Black http://activitystrea.ms/schema/1.0/post http://activitystrea.ms/schema/1.0/posted 0
https://cdn.slidesharecdn.com/profile-photo-ashokmenon77-48x48.jpg?cb=1617616519 Exploring new frontiers all the time. Still discovering new stuff about people and myself. Life is a never ending procession of amazing realities!!! http://www.unicornbooks.in/books/author/captain-ashok-menon/index.html http://www.pustakmahal.com/book/book/bid,,9450B/isbn:9788122311504/index.html www.captmenonsjournal.com https://cdn.slidesharecdn.com/ss_thumbnails/seafarerspostcovid-210405095614-thumbnail.jpg?width=320&height=320&fit=bounds ashokmenon77/seafarers-post-covid Seafarers post covid https://cdn.slidesharecdn.com/ss_thumbnails/safetyofnavigation-200115085736-thumbnail.jpg?width=320&height=320&fit=bounds slideshow/safety-of-navigation-220556190/220556190 Safety of navigation https://cdn.slidesharecdn.com/ss_thumbnails/5trillionindianeconomy-200115083441-thumbnail.jpg?width=320&height=320&fit=bounds slideshow/5-trillion-indian-economy/220554387 $ 5 trillion indian ec...