ºÝºÝߣshows by User: chandralekha7564 / http://www.slideshare.net/images/logo.gif ºÝºÝߣshows by User: chandralekha7564 / Mon, 21 Jul 2014 23:07:49 GMT ºÝºÝߣShare feed for ºÝºÝߣshows by User: chandralekha7564 Indications for therapeutic drug monitoring /slideshow/indications-for-therapeutic-drug-monitoring/37223121 newmicrosoftpowerpointpresentation-140721230749-phpapp02
TDM Indications ('why do it'): Drug assays are costly, so the reason for monitoring and the additional information to be gained (if any) should be carefully considered. For some drugs, therapeutic drug monitoring helps to increase efficacy (vancomycin), to decrease toxicity (paracetamol) and to assist diagnosis (salicylates). Routine monitoring is not advocated for most drugs. The appropriate indications for therapeutic drug monitoring (and examples) include:  toxicity  - diagnosing toxicity when the clinical syndrome is undifferentiated (unexplained nausea in a patient taking digoxin) . avoiding toxicity (aminoglycosides, cyclosporin) Only clinically meaningful tests should be performed  dosing  - after dose adjustment (usually after reaching a steady state)  - assessment of adequate loading dose (after starting phenytoin treatment) - dose forecasting to help predict a patient's dose requirements1 (aminoglycosides)  monitoring  - assessing compliance (anticonvulsant concentrations in patients having frequent seizures)  - diagnosing under treatment (particularly important for prophylactic drugs such as anticonvulsants, immunosuppressants) - diagnosing failed therapy (therapeutic drug monitoring can help distinguish between ineffective drug treatment, non-compliance and adverse effects that mimic the underlying disease). The target concentration may depend on the indication. For example, the recommended concentration for digoxin depends on whether it is being used to treat atrial fibrillation or congestive heart failure. an experimentally determined relationship between plasma drug concentration and the pharmacological effect. • Knowledge of the drug level influences management. ]]>
TDM Indications ('why do it'): Drug assays are costly, so the reason for monitoring and the additional information to be gained (if any) should be carefully considered. For some drugs, therapeutic drug monitoring helps to increase efficacy (vancomycin), to decrease toxicity (paracetamol) and to assist diagnosis (salicylates). Routine monitoring is not advocated for most drugs. The appropriate indications for therapeutic drug monitoring (and examples) include:  toxicity  - diagnosing toxicity when the clinical syndrome is undifferentiated (unexplained nausea in a patient taking digoxin) . avoiding toxicity (aminoglycosides, cyclosporin) Only clinically meaningful tests should be performed  dosing  - after dose adjustment (usually after reaching a steady state)  - assessment of adequate loading dose (after starting phenytoin treatment) - dose forecasting to help predict a patient's dose requirements1 (aminoglycosides)  monitoring  - assessing compliance (anticonvulsant concentrations in patients having frequent seizures)  - diagnosing under treatment (particularly important for prophylactic drugs such as anticonvulsants, immunosuppressants) - diagnosing failed therapy (therapeutic drug monitoring can help distinguish between ineffective drug treatment, non-compliance and adverse effects that mimic the underlying disease). The target concentration may depend on the indication. For example, the recommended concentration for digoxin depends on whether it is being used to treat atrial fibrillation or congestive heart failure. an experimentally determined relationship between plasma drug concentration and the pharmacological effect. • Knowledge of the drug level influences management. ]]> Mon, 21 Jul 2014 23:07:49 GMT /slideshow/indications-for-therapeutic-drug-monitoring/37223121 chandralekha7564@slideshare.net(chandralekha7564) Indications for therapeutic drug monitoring chandralekha7564 TDM Indications ('why do it'): Drug assays are costly, so the reason for monitoring and the additional information to be gained (if any) should be carefully considered. For some drugs, therapeutic drug monitoring helps to increase efficacy (vancomycin), to decrease toxicity (paracetamol) and to assist diagnosis (salicylates). Routine monitoring is not advocated for most drugs. The appropriate indications for therapeutic drug monitoring (and examples) include:  toxicity  - diagnosing toxicity when the clinical syndrome is undifferentiated (unexplained nausea in a patient taking digoxin) . avoiding toxicity (aminoglycosides, cyclosporin) Only clinically meaningful tests should be performed  dosing  - after dose adjustment (usually after reaching a steady state)  - assessment of adequate loading dose (after starting phenytoin treatment) - dose forecasting to help predict a patient's dose requirements1 (aminoglycosides)  monitoring  - assessing compliance (anticonvulsant concentrations in patients having frequent seizures)  - diagnosing under treatment (particularly important for prophylactic drugs such as anticonvulsants, immunosuppressants) - diagnosing failed therapy (therapeutic drug monitoring can help distinguish between ineffective drug treatment, non-compliance and adverse effects that mimic the underlying disease). The target concentration may depend on the indication. For example, the recommended concentration for digoxin depends on whether it is being used to treat atrial fibrillation or congestive heart failure. an experimentally determined relationship between plasma drug concentration and the pharmacological effect. • Knowledge of the drug level influences management. <img style="border:1px solid #C3E6D8;float:right;" alt="" src="https://cdn.slidesharecdn.com/ss_thumbnails/newmicrosoftpowerpointpresentation-140721230749-phpapp02-thumbnail.jpg?width=120&amp;height=120&amp;fit=bounds" /><br> TDM Indications (&#39;why do it&#39;): Drug assays are costly, so the reason for monitoring and the additional information to be gained (if any) should be carefully considered. For some drugs, therapeutic drug monitoring helps to increase efficacy (vancomycin), to decrease toxicity (paracetamol) and to assist diagnosis (salicylates). Routine monitoring is not advocated for most drugs. The appropriate indications for therapeutic drug monitoring (and examples) include:  toxicity  - diagnosing toxicity when the clinical syndrome is undifferentiated (unexplained nausea in a patient taking digoxin) . avoiding toxicity (aminoglycosides, cyclosporin) Only clinically meaningful tests should be performed  dosing  - after dose adjustment (usually after reaching a steady state)  - assessment of adequate loading dose (after starting phenytoin treatment) - dose forecasting to help predict a patient&#39;s dose requirements1 (aminoglycosides)  monitoring  - assessing compliance (anticonvulsant concentrations in patients having frequent seizures)  - diagnosing under treatment (particularly important for prophylactic drugs such as anticonvulsants, immunosuppressants) - diagnosing failed therapy (therapeutic drug monitoring can help distinguish between ineffective drug treatment, non-compliance and adverse effects that mimic the underlying disease). The target concentration may depend on the indication. For example, the recommended concentration for digoxin depends on whether it is being used to treat atrial fibrillation or congestive heart failure. an experimentally determined relationship between plasma drug concentration and the pharmacological effect. • Knowledge of the drug level influences management.
Indications for therapeutic drug monitoring from Chandra Lekha
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