ºÝºÝߣshows by User: cyras / http://www.slideshare.net/images/logo.gif ºÝºÝߣshows by User: cyras / Mon, 06 Mar 2017 10:46:46 GMT ºÝºÝߣShare feed for ºÝºÝߣshows by User: cyras Picture-Text Cooperation: Lettering in Legal Visualization. IRIS 2015 presentation /slideshow/picturetext-cooperation-lettering-in-legal-visualization/72852845 20150305-iris-vc-fl-kl-picturetextcooperation-slides-170306104646
See publication in: E. Schweighofer, F. Kummer, W. H?tzendorfer (eds.) Co-operation. Proceedings of the 18th International Legal Informatics Symposium IRIS 2015, 26¨C28 February 2015, Salzburg, pp. 447¨C454. OCG, Vienna. ISBN 978-3-85403-309-7. Also in online journal Jusletter IT, Die Zeitschrift f¨¹r IT und Recht, February 2015, ISSN 1664-848X, Editions Weblaw, http://jusletter-it.weblaw.ch/issues/2015/IRIS.html. ABSTRACT. In this paper, we investigate picture-text cooperation in lettering that explains the figures of selected scientific articles in the legal domain. As samples, we survey the structured diagrams, including the logical pictures, from JURIX papers. We see the need for picture-text cooperation in the joint work of engineers and jurists. A motive is that engineers think structurally, whereas jurists think textually. However, we see no uniform framework for picture-text cooperation in legal visualizations. Therefore, this is a subject for discussion. We hold that a unified visual notation, strict compositional rules and strict visual semantics in law are not easy to achieve. Here, semi-formal representations are stronger, because representing legal meaning is a problem. However, more formal visual notations could contribute toward the creation of logical pictures.]]>
See publication in: E. Schweighofer, F. Kummer, W. H?tzendorfer (eds.) Co-operation. Proceedings of the 18th International Legal Informatics Symposium IRIS 2015, 26¨C28 February 2015, Salzburg, pp. 447¨C454. OCG, Vienna. ISBN 978-3-85403-309-7. Also in online journal Jusletter IT, Die Zeitschrift f¨¹r IT und Recht, February 2015, ISSN 1664-848X, Editions Weblaw, http://jusletter-it.weblaw.ch/issues/2015/IRIS.html. ABSTRACT. In this paper, we investigate picture-text cooperation in lettering that explains the figures of selected scientific articles in the legal domain. As samples, we survey the structured diagrams, including the logical pictures, from JURIX papers. We see the need for picture-text cooperation in the joint work of engineers and jurists. A motive is that engineers think structurally, whereas jurists think textually. However, we see no uniform framework for picture-text cooperation in legal visualizations. Therefore, this is a subject for discussion. We hold that a unified visual notation, strict compositional rules and strict visual semantics in law are not easy to achieve. Here, semi-formal representations are stronger, because representing legal meaning is a problem. However, more formal visual notations could contribute toward the creation of logical pictures.]]> Mon, 06 Mar 2017 10:46:46 GMT /slideshow/picturetext-cooperation-lettering-in-legal-visualization/72852845 cyras@slideshare.net(cyras) Picture-Text Cooperation: Lettering in Legal Visualization. IRIS 2015 presentation cyras See publication in: E. Schweighofer, F. Kummer, W. H?tzendorfer (eds.) Co-operation. Proceedings of the 18th International Legal Informatics Symposium IRIS 2015, 26¨C28 February 2015, Salzburg, pp. 447¨C454. OCG, Vienna. ISBN 978-3-85403-309-7. Also in online journal Jusletter IT, Die Zeitschrift f¨¹r IT und Recht, February 2015, ISSN 1664-848X, Editions Weblaw, http://jusletter-it.weblaw.ch/issues/2015/IRIS.html. ABSTRACT. In this paper, we investigate picture-text cooperation in lettering that explains the figures of selected scientific articles in the legal domain. As samples, we survey the structured diagrams, including the logical pictures, from JURIX papers. We see the need for picture-text cooperation in the joint work of engineers and jurists. A motive is that engineers think structurally, whereas jurists think textually. However, we see no uniform framework for picture-text cooperation in legal visualizations. Therefore, this is a subject for discussion. We hold that a unified visual notation, strict compositional rules and strict visual semantics in law are not easy to achieve. Here, semi-formal representations are stronger, because representing legal meaning is a problem. However, more formal visual notations could contribute toward the creation of logical pictures. <img style="border:1px solid #C3E6D8;float:right;" alt="" src="https://cdn.slidesharecdn.com/ss_thumbnails/20150305-iris-vc-fl-kl-picturetextcooperation-slides-170306104646-thumbnail.jpg?width=120&amp;height=120&amp;fit=bounds" /><br> See publication in: E. Schweighofer, F. Kummer, W. H?tzendorfer (eds.) Co-operation. Proceedings of the 18th International Legal Informatics Symposium IRIS 2015, 26¨C28 February 2015, Salzburg, pp. 447¨C454. OCG, Vienna. ISBN 978-3-85403-309-7. Also in online journal Jusletter IT, Die Zeitschrift f¨¹r IT und Recht, February 2015, ISSN 1664-848X, Editions Weblaw, http://jusletter-it.weblaw.ch/issues/2015/IRIS.html. ABSTRACT. In this paper, we investigate picture-text cooperation in lettering that explains the figures of selected scientific articles in the legal domain. As samples, we survey the structured diagrams, including the logical pictures, from JURIX papers. We see the need for picture-text cooperation in the joint work of engineers and jurists. A motive is that engineers think structurally, whereas jurists think textually. However, we see no uniform framework for picture-text cooperation in legal visualizations. Therefore, this is a subject for discussion. We hold that a unified visual notation, strict compositional rules and strict visual semantics in law are not easy to achieve. Here, semi-formal representations are stronger, because representing legal meaning is a problem. However, more formal visual notations could contribute toward the creation of logical pictures.
Picture-Text Cooperation: Lettering in Legal Visualization. IRIS 2015 presentation from Vytautas ¥ÈÝXras
]]> 350 6 https://cdn.slidesharecdn.com/ss_thumbnails/20150305-iris-vc-fl-kl-picturetextcooperation-slides-170306104646-thumbnail.jpg?width=120&height=120&fit=bounds presentation Black http://activitystrea.ms/schema/1.0/post http://activitystrea.ms/schema/1.0/posted 0 Network of Legal Metalevels. IRIS 2016 /slideshow/network-of-legal-metalevels/72851828 20160226-iris-cyraslachmayerschweighofer-networkmetalevels-slides-170306101135
Conference presentation. See publication in: E. Schweighofer, F. Kummer, W. H?tzendorfer, G. Borges (eds.) Networks. Proceedings of the 19th International Legal Informatics Symposium IRIS 2016, 25¨C27 February 2016, Salzburg, pp. 83¨C92. OCG, Vienna. ISBN 978-3-903035-09-6. Also in online journal Jusletter IT, Die Zeitschrift f¨¹r IT und Recht, 25 February 2016, ISSN 1664-848X, Editions Weblaw, http://jusletter-it.weblaw.ch/issues/2016/IRIS.html. ABSTRACT. This paper concerns the legal system and legal documentation, as well as their interconnectedness. In the term metalevel, we use the prefix meta with the meaning of with and across and not beyond. The granularity problem is in our view. Legal documentation does not reproduce a legal source one-to-one. Examples of legal metalevels are legal terms, ontologies, annotations, commentaries, etc. We see a challenge for legal informatics to represent legal networks explicitly. We find the idea of a network in the interdisciplinary approach that was proposed by Van Hoecke and Ost in 1993. We project the core and peripheral areas around the legal system onto Schweighofer¡¯s 8 views/4 methods approach. Making the core-periphery networks more explicit would also contribute to the evaluative synthesis of legal decisions. Thus, explicit visual navigation through a legal information system would support the wandering back and forth of the glance between the normative and the factual.]]>
Conference presentation. See publication in: E. Schweighofer, F. Kummer, W. H?tzendorfer, G. Borges (eds.) Networks. Proceedings of the 19th International Legal Informatics Symposium IRIS 2016, 25¨C27 February 2016, Salzburg, pp. 83¨C92. OCG, Vienna. ISBN 978-3-903035-09-6. Also in online journal Jusletter IT, Die Zeitschrift f¨¹r IT und Recht, 25 February 2016, ISSN 1664-848X, Editions Weblaw, http://jusletter-it.weblaw.ch/issues/2016/IRIS.html. ABSTRACT. This paper concerns the legal system and legal documentation, as well as their interconnectedness. In the term metalevel, we use the prefix meta with the meaning of with and across and not beyond. The granularity problem is in our view. Legal documentation does not reproduce a legal source one-to-one. Examples of legal metalevels are legal terms, ontologies, annotations, commentaries, etc. We see a challenge for legal informatics to represent legal networks explicitly. We find the idea of a network in the interdisciplinary approach that was proposed by Van Hoecke and Ost in 1993. We project the core and peripheral areas around the legal system onto Schweighofer¡¯s 8 views/4 methods approach. Making the core-periphery networks more explicit would also contribute to the evaluative synthesis of legal decisions. Thus, explicit visual navigation through a legal information system would support the wandering back and forth of the glance between the normative and the factual.]]> Mon, 06 Mar 2017 10:11:35 GMT /slideshow/network-of-legal-metalevels/72851828 cyras@slideshare.net(cyras) Network of Legal Metalevels. IRIS 2016 cyras Conference presentation. See publication in: E. Schweighofer, F. Kummer, W. H?tzendorfer, G. Borges (eds.) Networks. Proceedings of the 19th International Legal Informatics Symposium IRIS 2016, 25¨C27 February 2016, Salzburg, pp. 83¨C92. OCG, Vienna. ISBN 978-3-903035-09-6. Also in online journal Jusletter IT, Die Zeitschrift f¨¹r IT und Recht, 25 February 2016, ISSN 1664-848X, Editions Weblaw, http://jusletter-it.weblaw.ch/issues/2016/IRIS.html. ABSTRACT. This paper concerns the legal system and legal documentation, as well as their interconnectedness. In the term metalevel, we use the prefix meta with the meaning of with and across and not beyond. The granularity problem is in our view. Legal documentation does not reproduce a legal source one-to-one. Examples of legal metalevels are legal terms, ontologies, annotations, commentaries, etc. We see a challenge for legal informatics to represent legal networks explicitly. We find the idea of a network in the interdisciplinary approach that was proposed by Van Hoecke and Ost in 1993. We project the core and peripheral areas around the legal system onto Schweighofer¡¯s 8 views/4 methods approach. Making the core-periphery networks more explicit would also contribute to the evaluative synthesis of legal decisions. Thus, explicit visual navigation through a legal information system would support the wandering back and forth of the glance between the normative and the factual. <img style="border:1px solid #C3E6D8;float:right;" alt="" src="https://cdn.slidesharecdn.com/ss_thumbnails/20160226-iris-cyraslachmayerschweighofer-networkmetalevels-slides-170306101135-thumbnail.jpg?width=120&amp;height=120&amp;fit=bounds" /><br> Conference presentation. See publication in: E. Schweighofer, F. Kummer, W. H?tzendorfer, G. Borges (eds.) Networks. Proceedings of the 19th International Legal Informatics Symposium IRIS 2016, 25¨C27 February 2016, Salzburg, pp. 83¨C92. OCG, Vienna. ISBN 978-3-903035-09-6. Also in online journal Jusletter IT, Die Zeitschrift f¨¹r IT und Recht, 25 February 2016, ISSN 1664-848X, Editions Weblaw, http://jusletter-it.weblaw.ch/issues/2016/IRIS.html. ABSTRACT. This paper concerns the legal system and legal documentation, as well as their interconnectedness. In the term metalevel, we use the prefix meta with the meaning of with and across and not beyond. The granularity problem is in our view. Legal documentation does not reproduce a legal source one-to-one. Examples of legal metalevels are legal terms, ontologies, annotations, commentaries, etc. We see a challenge for legal informatics to represent legal networks explicitly. We find the idea of a network in the interdisciplinary approach that was proposed by Van Hoecke and Ost in 1993. We project the core and peripheral areas around the legal system onto Schweighofer¡¯s 8 views/4 methods approach. Making the core-periphery networks more explicit would also contribute to the evaluative synthesis of legal decisions. Thus, explicit visual navigation through a legal information system would support the wandering back and forth of the glance between the normative and the factual.
Network of Legal Metalevels. IRIS 2016 from Vytautas ¥ÈÝXras
]]> 120 2 https://cdn.slidesharecdn.com/ss_thumbnails/20160226-iris-cyraslachmayerschweighofer-networkmetalevels-slides-170306101135-thumbnail.jpg?width=120&height=120&fit=bounds presentation Black http://activitystrea.ms/schema/1.0/post http://activitystrea.ms/schema/1.0/posted 0 Views to Legal Information Systems and Legal Sublevels. ICIST 2016 /slideshow/views-to-legal-information-systems-and-legal-sublevels/72851511 20160226-iris-cyraslachmayerschweighofer-networkmetalevels-slides-170306100137
Conference presentation. See paper in: G. Dregvaite, R. Damasevicius (eds.) Information and Software Technologies, Proceedings of the 22nd International Conference, ICIST 2016, Druskininkai, Lithuania, 13¨C15.10.2016, Communications in Computer and Information Science CCIS vol. 639, pp. 18¨C29. Springer International Publishing Switzerland. ISSN 1865-0929, e-ISSN 1865-0937, ISBN 978-3-319-46253-0, e-ISBN 978-3-319-46254-7, DOI 10.1007/978-3-319-46254-7. http://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-3-319-46254-7_2. ABSTRACT. This paper concerns the legal system and legal documentation systems, as well as their interconnectedness and introduces the idea of legal sublevels. Examples of legal sublevels are legal terms, ontologies, annotations, commentaries, etc. A sublevel is treated as a representation level of the legal domain. In terms of soft-ware engineering, a sublevel can be defined as a level of infrastructural services for several domains. This paper is a kind of exploratory research; an abstract the-ory is being developed. A key question is ¡°What are the sublevels in law and le-gal informatics?¡± We also examine the concept of view and project the core and peripheral areas around the legal system onto Schweighofer¡¯s 8 views/4 meth-ods/4 syntheses model. We link the idea of sublevel with the notion of view.]]>
Conference presentation. See paper in: G. Dregvaite, R. Damasevicius (eds.) Information and Software Technologies, Proceedings of the 22nd International Conference, ICIST 2016, Druskininkai, Lithuania, 13¨C15.10.2016, Communications in Computer and Information Science CCIS vol. 639, pp. 18¨C29. Springer International Publishing Switzerland. ISSN 1865-0929, e-ISSN 1865-0937, ISBN 978-3-319-46253-0, e-ISBN 978-3-319-46254-7, DOI 10.1007/978-3-319-46254-7. http://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-3-319-46254-7_2. ABSTRACT. This paper concerns the legal system and legal documentation systems, as well as their interconnectedness and introduces the idea of legal sublevels. Examples of legal sublevels are legal terms, ontologies, annotations, commentaries, etc. A sublevel is treated as a representation level of the legal domain. In terms of soft-ware engineering, a sublevel can be defined as a level of infrastructural services for several domains. This paper is a kind of exploratory research; an abstract the-ory is being developed. A key question is ¡°What are the sublevels in law and le-gal informatics?¡± We also examine the concept of view and project the core and peripheral areas around the legal system onto Schweighofer¡¯s 8 views/4 meth-ods/4 syntheses model. We link the idea of sublevel with the notion of view.]]> Mon, 06 Mar 2017 10:01:37 GMT /slideshow/views-to-legal-information-systems-and-legal-sublevels/72851511 cyras@slideshare.net(cyras) Views to Legal Information Systems and Legal Sublevels. ICIST 2016 cyras Conference presentation. See paper in: G. Dregvaite, R. Damasevicius (eds.) Information and Software Technologies, Proceedings of the 22nd International Conference, ICIST 2016, Druskininkai, Lithuania, 13¨C15.10.2016, Communications in Computer and Information Science CCIS vol. 639, pp. 18¨C29. Springer International Publishing Switzerland. ISSN 1865-0929, e-ISSN 1865-0937, ISBN 978-3-319-46253-0, e-ISBN 978-3-319-46254-7, DOI 10.1007/978-3-319-46254-7. http://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-3-319-46254-7_2. ABSTRACT. This paper concerns the legal system and legal documentation systems, as well as their interconnectedness and introduces the idea of legal sublevels. Examples of legal sublevels are legal terms, ontologies, annotations, commentaries, etc. A sublevel is treated as a representation level of the legal domain. In terms of soft-ware engineering, a sublevel can be defined as a level of infrastructural services for several domains. This paper is a kind of exploratory research; an abstract the-ory is being developed. A key question is ¡°What are the sublevels in law and le-gal informatics?¡± We also examine the concept of view and project the core and peripheral areas around the legal system onto Schweighofer¡¯s 8 views/4 meth-ods/4 syntheses model. We link the idea of sublevel with the notion of view. <img style="border:1px solid #C3E6D8;float:right;" alt="" src="https://cdn.slidesharecdn.com/ss_thumbnails/20160226-iris-cyraslachmayerschweighofer-networkmetalevels-slides-170306100137-thumbnail.jpg?width=120&amp;height=120&amp;fit=bounds" /><br> Conference presentation. See paper in: G. Dregvaite, R. Damasevicius (eds.) Information and Software Technologies, Proceedings of the 22nd International Conference, ICIST 2016, Druskininkai, Lithuania, 13¨C15.10.2016, Communications in Computer and Information Science CCIS vol. 639, pp. 18¨C29. Springer International Publishing Switzerland. ISSN 1865-0929, e-ISSN 1865-0937, ISBN 978-3-319-46253-0, e-ISBN 978-3-319-46254-7, DOI 10.1007/978-3-319-46254-7. http://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-3-319-46254-7_2. ABSTRACT. This paper concerns the legal system and legal documentation systems, as well as their interconnectedness and introduces the idea of legal sublevels. Examples of legal sublevels are legal terms, ontologies, annotations, commentaries, etc. A sublevel is treated as a representation level of the legal domain. In terms of soft-ware engineering, a sublevel can be defined as a level of infrastructural services for several domains. This paper is a kind of exploratory research; an abstract the-ory is being developed. A key question is ¡°What are the sublevels in law and le-gal informatics?¡± We also examine the concept of view and project the core and peripheral areas around the legal system onto Schweighofer¡¯s 8 views/4 meth-ods/4 syntheses model. We link the idea of sublevel with the notion of view.
Views to Legal Information Systems and Legal Sublevels. ICIST 2016 from Vytautas ¥ÈÝXras
]]> 158 5 https://cdn.slidesharecdn.com/ss_thumbnails/20160226-iris-cyraslachmayerschweighofer-networkmetalevels-slides-170306100137-thumbnail.jpg?width=120&height=120&fit=bounds presentation Black http://activitystrea.ms/schema/1.0/post http://activitystrea.ms/schema/1.0/posted 0 Visualization of Hajime Yoshino¡¯s Logical Jurisprudence. IRIS 2017 /slideshow/visualization-of-hajime-yoshinos-logical-jurisprudence/72851241 20170223-iris-cyras-lachmayer-yoshinoslj-slides-170306095231
Presentation to publication In: E. Schweighofer, F. Kummer, W. H?tzendorfer, C. Sorge (eds.) Trends and Communities of Legal Informatics. Proceedings of the 20th International Legal Informatics Symposium IRIS 2017, 23¨C25 February 2017, Salzburg, pp. 349¨C358. OCG, Vienna. ISBN 978-3-903035-15-7. Also in online journal Jusletter IT, Die Zeitschrift f¨¹r IT und Recht, 23 February 2017, ISSN 1664-848X, Editions Weblaw, http://jusletter-it.weblaw.ch/issues/2017/IRIS.html. (Peer reviewed ¨C Jury LexisNexis Best Paper Award IRIS2017). ABSTRACT. Hajime Yoshino¡¯s Logical Jurisprudence (LJ) is an important concept in legal infor-matics. Yoshino aims for a logic-based systematization in the legal domain. He focuses on legal reasoning and systematization. Inevitably, embracing law as a whole brings us to Hans Kelsen¡¯s Pure Theory of Law. In sum, three issues are important in LJ: logic, Kelsen and legal informatics. In this paper we aim to visualize the architecture of LJ. We suggest expanding this with legal ontologies and words. The granularity of word-phrase-sentence-text is about different methods which apply to different units.]]>
Presentation to publication In: E. Schweighofer, F. Kummer, W. H?tzendorfer, C. Sorge (eds.) Trends and Communities of Legal Informatics. Proceedings of the 20th International Legal Informatics Symposium IRIS 2017, 23¨C25 February 2017, Salzburg, pp. 349¨C358. OCG, Vienna. ISBN 978-3-903035-15-7. Also in online journal Jusletter IT, Die Zeitschrift f¨¹r IT und Recht, 23 February 2017, ISSN 1664-848X, Editions Weblaw, http://jusletter-it.weblaw.ch/issues/2017/IRIS.html. (Peer reviewed ¨C Jury LexisNexis Best Paper Award IRIS2017). ABSTRACT. Hajime Yoshino¡¯s Logical Jurisprudence (LJ) is an important concept in legal infor-matics. Yoshino aims for a logic-based systematization in the legal domain. He focuses on legal reasoning and systematization. Inevitably, embracing law as a whole brings us to Hans Kelsen¡¯s Pure Theory of Law. In sum, three issues are important in LJ: logic, Kelsen and legal informatics. In this paper we aim to visualize the architecture of LJ. We suggest expanding this with legal ontologies and words. The granularity of word-phrase-sentence-text is about different methods which apply to different units.]]> Mon, 06 Mar 2017 09:52:31 GMT /slideshow/visualization-of-hajime-yoshinos-logical-jurisprudence/72851241 cyras@slideshare.net(cyras) Visualization of Hajime Yoshino¡¯s Logical Jurisprudence. IRIS 2017 cyras Presentation to publication In: E. Schweighofer, F. Kummer, W. H?tzendorfer, C. Sorge (eds.) Trends and Communities of Legal Informatics. Proceedings of the 20th International Legal Informatics Symposium IRIS 2017, 23¨C25 February 2017, Salzburg, pp. 349¨C358. OCG, Vienna. ISBN 978-3-903035-15-7. Also in online journal Jusletter IT, Die Zeitschrift f¨¹r IT und Recht, 23 February 2017, ISSN 1664-848X, Editions Weblaw, http://jusletter-it.weblaw.ch/issues/2017/IRIS.html. (Peer reviewed ¨C Jury LexisNexis Best Paper Award IRIS2017). ABSTRACT. Hajime Yoshino¡¯s Logical Jurisprudence (LJ) is an important concept in legal infor-matics. Yoshino aims for a logic-based systematization in the legal domain. He focuses on legal reasoning and systematization. Inevitably, embracing law as a whole brings us to Hans Kelsen¡¯s Pure Theory of Law. In sum, three issues are important in LJ: logic, Kelsen and legal informatics. In this paper we aim to visualize the architecture of LJ. We suggest expanding this with legal ontologies and words. The granularity of word-phrase-sentence-text is about different methods which apply to different units. <img style="border:1px solid #C3E6D8;float:right;" alt="" src="https://cdn.slidesharecdn.com/ss_thumbnails/20170223-iris-cyras-lachmayer-yoshinoslj-slides-170306095231-thumbnail.jpg?width=120&amp;height=120&amp;fit=bounds" /><br> Presentation to publication In: E. Schweighofer, F. Kummer, W. H?tzendorfer, C. Sorge (eds.) Trends and Communities of Legal Informatics. Proceedings of the 20th International Legal Informatics Symposium IRIS 2017, 23¨C25 February 2017, Salzburg, pp. 349¨C358. OCG, Vienna. ISBN 978-3-903035-15-7. Also in online journal Jusletter IT, Die Zeitschrift f¨¹r IT und Recht, 23 February 2017, ISSN 1664-848X, Editions Weblaw, http://jusletter-it.weblaw.ch/issues/2017/IRIS.html. (Peer reviewed ¨C Jury LexisNexis Best Paper Award IRIS2017). ABSTRACT. Hajime Yoshino¡¯s Logical Jurisprudence (LJ) is an important concept in legal infor-matics. Yoshino aims for a logic-based systematization in the legal domain. He focuses on legal reasoning and systematization. Inevitably, embracing law as a whole brings us to Hans Kelsen¡¯s Pure Theory of Law. In sum, three issues are important in LJ: logic, Kelsen and legal informatics. In this paper we aim to visualize the architecture of LJ. We suggest expanding this with legal ontologies and words. The granularity of word-phrase-sentence-text is about different methods which apply to different units.
Visualization of Hajime Yoshino¸MÙü Logical Jurisprudence. IRIS 2017 from Vytautas ¥ÈÝXras
]]> 166 5 https://cdn.slidesharecdn.com/ss_thumbnails/20170223-iris-cyras-lachmayer-yoshinoslj-slides-170306095231-thumbnail.jpg?width=120&height=120&fit=bounds presentation Black http://activitystrea.ms/schema/1.0/post http://activitystrea.ms/schema/1.0/posted 0 Visualising Legal Meaning in Legal Informatics. Workshop DatAMSS 2014 presentation /slideshow/20141202-dat-amsscyrasetalvisualisinglegalmeaningslides/43237667 20141202-datamss-cyras-etal-visualisinglegalmeaning-slides-150106040722-conversion-gate02
Workshop DatAMSS 2014 presentation, http://www.mii.lt/DatAMSS/ ABSTRACT: This presentation is about visualization in the domain of legal informatics. We propose an approach to visualization which is called sequential legal visualization (SLV). It is about a sequence of images which facilitates the comprehension of the meaning of legal contents. Visualising legal meaning differs from data visualization and information visualization and is relevant to knowledge visualization. A sequence of images in SLV can be compared with a narrative. There is a link to focus+context techniques in information visualization. Pictures in law bring a risk of drawbacks, such as redundancy, a low level of abstraction, trivialization, and emotions. However, the use of logical pictures can bring advantages because metaphors and symbols can be employed. Visualization is important as tertium comparationis. This is important more generally ¨C for multilingual scientific communities ¨C and not only in legal informatics. Tertium comparationis (Latin ¨C the third [part] of the comparison) is the quality that two things that are being compared have in common. Different languages can be used in a multilingual scientific discourse. On the one hand, English, a global language, can be used. Let us call this top-down approach. On the other hand, regional languages, such as German of French, can also be used. Let us call this usage bottom-up approach. The language of a big region (not of a province) allows a scientist to unfold his ideas more naturally. However this brings translation problems. Thus dictionaries and translation tools emerge, e.g. Inter-Active Terminology for Europe (IATE), the inter-institutional terminology database of the European Union (http://iate.europa.eu). Visualization can supplement translation. Examples are books for visualized learning, where illustrations complement translation. Thus visualization brings an additional syntactic dimension to languages. Next we introduce another concept ¨C tertium communicationis ¨C to denote the third part of the communication between an agent who speaks language A to an agent who speaks B. Besides visualization other intermediate formats such as XML schema can be employed. We aim at a tertium communicationis as a document type definition that improves communication between human beings or machines. The question ¡°What are the formats which contribute to better communication?¡± depends on various factors, such as document type and the task of communication. Therefore we speak about transitions text-visualization-model-metamodel. File 20141202-DatAMSS-Cyras-etal-VisualisingLegalMeaning-slides.pdf]]>
Workshop DatAMSS 2014 presentation, http://www.mii.lt/DatAMSS/ ABSTRACT: This presentation is about visualization in the domain of legal informatics. We propose an approach to visualization which is called sequential legal visualization (SLV). It is about a sequence of images which facilitates the comprehension of the meaning of legal contents. Visualising legal meaning differs from data visualization and information visualization and is relevant to knowledge visualization. A sequence of images in SLV can be compared with a narrative. There is a link to focus+context techniques in information visualization. Pictures in law bring a risk of drawbacks, such as redundancy, a low level of abstraction, trivialization, and emotions. However, the use of logical pictures can bring advantages because metaphors and symbols can be employed. Visualization is important as tertium comparationis. This is important more generally ¨C for multilingual scientific communities ¨C and not only in legal informatics. Tertium comparationis (Latin ¨C the third [part] of the comparison) is the quality that two things that are being compared have in common. Different languages can be used in a multilingual scientific discourse. On the one hand, English, a global language, can be used. Let us call this top-down approach. On the other hand, regional languages, such as German of French, can also be used. Let us call this usage bottom-up approach. The language of a big region (not of a province) allows a scientist to unfold his ideas more naturally. However this brings translation problems. Thus dictionaries and translation tools emerge, e.g. Inter-Active Terminology for Europe (IATE), the inter-institutional terminology database of the European Union (http://iate.europa.eu). Visualization can supplement translation. Examples are books for visualized learning, where illustrations complement translation. Thus visualization brings an additional syntactic dimension to languages. Next we introduce another concept ¨C tertium communicationis ¨C to denote the third part of the communication between an agent who speaks language A to an agent who speaks B. Besides visualization other intermediate formats such as XML schema can be employed. We aim at a tertium communicationis as a document type definition that improves communication between human beings or machines. The question ¡°What are the formats which contribute to better communication?¡± depends on various factors, such as document type and the task of communication. Therefore we speak about transitions text-visualization-model-metamodel. File 20141202-DatAMSS-Cyras-etal-VisualisingLegalMeaning-slides.pdf]]> Tue, 06 Jan 2015 04:07:22 GMT /slideshow/20141202-dat-amsscyrasetalvisualisinglegalmeaningslides/43237667 cyras@slideshare.net(cyras) Visualising Legal Meaning in Legal Informatics. Workshop DatAMSS 2014 presentation cyras Workshop DatAMSS 2014 presentation, http://www.mii.lt/DatAMSS/ ABSTRACT: This presentation is about visualization in the domain of legal informatics. We propose an approach to visualization which is called sequential legal visualization (SLV). It is about a sequence of images which facilitates the comprehension of the meaning of legal contents. Visualising legal meaning differs from data visualization and information visualization and is relevant to knowledge visualization. A sequence of images in SLV can be compared with a narrative. There is a link to focus+context techniques in information visualization. Pictures in law bring a risk of drawbacks, such as redundancy, a low level of abstraction, trivialization, and emotions. However, the use of logical pictures can bring advantages because metaphors and symbols can be employed. Visualization is important as tertium comparationis. This is important more generally ¨C for multilingual scientific communities ¨C and not only in legal informatics. Tertium comparationis (Latin ¨C the third [part] of the comparison) is the quality that two things that are being compared have in common. Different languages can be used in a multilingual scientific discourse. On the one hand, English, a global language, can be used. Let us call this top-down approach. On the other hand, regional languages, such as German of French, can also be used. Let us call this usage bottom-up approach. The language of a big region (not of a province) allows a scientist to unfold his ideas more naturally. However this brings translation problems. Thus dictionaries and translation tools emerge, e.g. Inter-Active Terminology for Europe (IATE), the inter-institutional terminology database of the European Union (http://iate.europa.eu). Visualization can supplement translation. Examples are books for visualized learning, where illustrations complement translation. Thus visualization brings an additional syntactic dimension to languages. Next we introduce another concept ¨C tertium communicationis ¨C to denote the third part of the communication between an agent who speaks language A to an agent who speaks B. Besides visualization other intermediate formats such as XML schema can be employed. We aim at a tertium communicationis as a document type definition that improves communication between human beings or machines. The question ¡°What are the formats which contribute to better communication?¡± depends on various factors, such as document type and the task of communication. Therefore we speak about transitions text-visualization-model-metamodel. File 20141202-DatAMSS-Cyras-etal-VisualisingLegalMeaning-slides.pdf <img style="border:1px solid #C3E6D8;float:right;" alt="" src="https://cdn.slidesharecdn.com/ss_thumbnails/20141202-datamss-cyras-etal-visualisinglegalmeaning-slides-150106040722-conversion-gate02-thumbnail.jpg?width=120&amp;height=120&amp;fit=bounds" /><br> Workshop DatAMSS 2014 presentation, http://www.mii.lt/DatAMSS/ ABSTRACT: This presentation is about visualization in the domain of legal informatics. We propose an approach to visualization which is called sequential legal visualization (SLV). It is about a sequence of images which facilitates the comprehension of the meaning of legal contents. Visualising legal meaning differs from data visualization and information visualization and is relevant to knowledge visualization. A sequence of images in SLV can be compared with a narrative. There is a link to focus+context techniques in information visualization. Pictures in law bring a risk of drawbacks, such as redundancy, a low level of abstraction, trivialization, and emotions. However, the use of logical pictures can bring advantages because metaphors and symbols can be employed. Visualization is important as tertium comparationis. This is important more generally ¨C for multilingual scientific communities ¨C and not only in legal informatics. Tertium comparationis (Latin ¨C the third [part] of the comparison) is the quality that two things that are being compared have in common. Different languages can be used in a multilingual scientific discourse. On the one hand, English, a global language, can be used. Let us call this top-down approach. On the other hand, regional languages, such as German of French, can also be used. Let us call this usage bottom-up approach. The language of a big region (not of a province) allows a scientist to unfold his ideas more naturally. However this brings translation problems. Thus dictionaries and translation tools emerge, e.g. Inter-Active Terminology for Europe (IATE), the inter-institutional terminology database of the European Union (http://iate.europa.eu). Visualization can supplement translation. Examples are books for visualized learning, where illustrations complement translation. Thus visualization brings an additional syntactic dimension to languages. Next we introduce another concept ¨C tertium communicationis ¨C to denote the third part of the communication between an agent who speaks language A to an agent who speaks B. Besides visualization other intermediate formats such as XML schema can be employed. We aim at a tertium communicationis as a document type definition that improves communication between human beings or machines. The question ¡°What are the formats which contribute to better communication?¡± depends on various factors, such as document type and the task of communication. Therefore we speak about transitions text-visualization-model-metamodel. File 20141202-DatAMSS-Cyras-etal-VisualisingLegalMeaning-slides.pdf
Visualising Legal Meaning in Legal Informatics. Workshop DatAMSS 2014 presentation from Vytautas ¥ÈÝXras
]]> 780 3 https://cdn.slidesharecdn.com/ss_thumbnails/20141202-datamss-cyras-etal-visualisinglegalmeaning-slides-150106040722-conversion-gate02-thumbnail.jpg?width=120&height=120&fit=bounds presentation 000000 http://activitystrea.ms/schema/1.0/post http://activitystrea.ms/schema/1.0/posted 0 Compliance and Software Transparency for Legal Machines. Conference Baltic DB&IS 2014 presentation /slideshow/20140607-baltic-dbiscyraseservicescomplianceslides-43237285/43237285 20140607-balticdbis-cyras-eservicescompliance-slides-150106035450-conversion-gate01
File 20140607-BalticDBIS-Cyras-EServicesCompliance-slides.pdf]]>
File 20140607-BalticDBIS-Cyras-EServicesCompliance-slides.pdf]]> Tue, 06 Jan 2015 03:54:50 GMT /slideshow/20140607-baltic-dbiscyraseservicescomplianceslides-43237285/43237285 cyras@slideshare.net(cyras) Compliance and Software Transparency for Legal Machines. Conference Baltic DB&IS 2014 presentation cyras File 20140607-BalticDBIS-Cyras-EServicesCompliance-slides.pdf <img style="border:1px solid #C3E6D8;float:right;" alt="" src="https://cdn.slidesharecdn.com/ss_thumbnails/20140607-balticdbis-cyras-eservicescompliance-slides-150106035450-conversion-gate01-thumbnail.jpg?width=120&amp;height=120&amp;fit=bounds" /><br> File 20140607-BalticDBIS-Cyras-EServicesCompliance-slides.pdf
Compliance and Software Transparency for Legal Machines. Conference Baltic DB&IS 2014 presentation from Vytautas ¥ÈÝXras
]]> 229 1 https://cdn.slidesharecdn.com/ss_thumbnails/20140607-balticdbis-cyras-eservicescompliance-slides-150106035450-conversion-gate01-thumbnail.jpg?width=120&height=120&fit=bounds presentation 000000 http://activitystrea.ms/schema/1.0/post http://activitystrea.ms/schema/1.0/posted 0 Towards Multidimensional Rule Visualizations. Conference RULES 2013 presentation /cyras/20130926-rules2013cyraslachmayerslides 20130926-rules2013-cyras-lachmayer-slides-150106032303-conversion-gate01
Presentation at the RULES 2013 conference, Krakow. Publication: V. ?yras, F. Lachmayer (2015) Towards multidimensional rule visualizations. In: M. Araszkiewicz, P. Bana?, T. Gizbert-Studnicki, K. P?eszka (eds.) Problems of Normativity, Rules and Rule-Following, Law and Philosophy Library 111, pp. 445¨C455, DOI 10.1007/978-3-319-09375-8_33. Springer, ISBN 978-3-319-09374-1. ABSTRACT: This paper reviews visualizations in legal informatics. We focus on the transition from traditional rule-based linear textual representation such as ¡°if A then B¡± to two- and three-dimensional ones and films. A methodology of visualization with the thought pattern of tertium comparationis can be attributed to Arthur Kaufmann. A tertium visualization aims at a mental bridge between different languages. We explore how visualizations are constructed and what types can be found here. Review criteria comprise comprehension, relations, vertical-horizontal arrangement, time-space structure, the focus of attention, education, etc. Pictures for review are selected from JURIX 2012 proceedings. We conclude that making visualizations as avant-garde as JURIX projects themselves is a tough task that requires knowledge of law, computing, media and semiotics. 1. Introduction This paper reviews visualizations in legal informatics by asking the question ¡°How is multidimensionality exploited?¡±. There are multiple criteria to review and in turn different means to achieve multidimensionality in visualizations: colours (including black-white-grey), mixed types of graphical elements, 1D-2D-2?D-3D, quantity-quality, statistics, etc. The mainstream of the visualization in law, legal science and legal informatics can be determined with reference to JURIX, the Dutch Foundation for Legal Knowledge-Based Systems and its annual conference proceedings. On the one hand there are formal notations, which go beyond the textual ones; on the other hand, there are visual representations that also occur in competition with the text. In the visualizations in turn two different types can be distinguished: first, the visualizations formed according to strict formal rules; second, the more intuitive pictures which can detect situations better. A very good overview of legal visualization can be found in the book of Klaus R?hl and Stefan Ulbrich (2007). There are also quite different approaches to visualization, for instance, through semiotics (Fig. 1). The classical philosophy of law, however, as approximately represented by Arthur Kaufmann (see Lachmayer 2005), has provided a methodological introduction to visualization with the thought pattern of tertium comparationis. Especially in the European Union with its many official languages, a visualization, which appears as a tertium, can form a mental bridge between different languages. File 20130926-RULES2013-Cyras-Lachmayer-slides.pdf]]>
Presentation at the RULES 2013 conference, Krakow. Publication: V. ?yras, F. Lachmayer (2015) Towards multidimensional rule visualizations. In: M. Araszkiewicz, P. Bana?, T. Gizbert-Studnicki, K. P?eszka (eds.) Problems of Normativity, Rules and Rule-Following, Law and Philosophy Library 111, pp. 445¨C455, DOI 10.1007/978-3-319-09375-8_33. Springer, ISBN 978-3-319-09374-1. ABSTRACT: This paper reviews visualizations in legal informatics. We focus on the transition from traditional rule-based linear textual representation such as ¡°if A then B¡± to two- and three-dimensional ones and films. A methodology of visualization with the thought pattern of tertium comparationis can be attributed to Arthur Kaufmann. A tertium visualization aims at a mental bridge between different languages. We explore how visualizations are constructed and what types can be found here. Review criteria comprise comprehension, relations, vertical-horizontal arrangement, time-space structure, the focus of attention, education, etc. Pictures for review are selected from JURIX 2012 proceedings. We conclude that making visualizations as avant-garde as JURIX projects themselves is a tough task that requires knowledge of law, computing, media and semiotics. 1. Introduction This paper reviews visualizations in legal informatics by asking the question ¡°How is multidimensionality exploited?¡±. There are multiple criteria to review and in turn different means to achieve multidimensionality in visualizations: colours (including black-white-grey), mixed types of graphical elements, 1D-2D-2?D-3D, quantity-quality, statistics, etc. The mainstream of the visualization in law, legal science and legal informatics can be determined with reference to JURIX, the Dutch Foundation for Legal Knowledge-Based Systems and its annual conference proceedings. On the one hand there are formal notations, which go beyond the textual ones; on the other hand, there are visual representations that also occur in competition with the text. In the visualizations in turn two different types can be distinguished: first, the visualizations formed according to strict formal rules; second, the more intuitive pictures which can detect situations better. A very good overview of legal visualization can be found in the book of Klaus R?hl and Stefan Ulbrich (2007). There are also quite different approaches to visualization, for instance, through semiotics (Fig. 1). The classical philosophy of law, however, as approximately represented by Arthur Kaufmann (see Lachmayer 2005), has provided a methodological introduction to visualization with the thought pattern of tertium comparationis. Especially in the European Union with its many official languages, a visualization, which appears as a tertium, can form a mental bridge between different languages. File 20130926-RULES2013-Cyras-Lachmayer-slides.pdf]]> Tue, 06 Jan 2015 03:23:03 GMT /cyras/20130926-rules2013cyraslachmayerslides cyras@slideshare.net(cyras) Towards Multidimensional Rule Visualizations. Conference RULES 2013 presentation cyras Presentation at the RULES 2013 conference, Krakow. Publication: V. ?yras, F. Lachmayer (2015) Towards multidimensional rule visualizations. In: M. Araszkiewicz, P. Bana?, T. Gizbert-Studnicki, K. P?eszka (eds.) Problems of Normativity, Rules and Rule-Following, Law and Philosophy Library 111, pp. 445¨C455, DOI 10.1007/978-3-319-09375-8_33. Springer, ISBN 978-3-319-09374-1. ABSTRACT: This paper reviews visualizations in legal informatics. We focus on the transition from traditional rule-based linear textual representation such as ¡°if A then B¡± to two- and three-dimensional ones and films. A methodology of visualization with the thought pattern of tertium comparationis can be attributed to Arthur Kaufmann. A tertium visualization aims at a mental bridge between different languages. We explore how visualizations are constructed and what types can be found here. Review criteria comprise comprehension, relations, vertical-horizontal arrangement, time-space structure, the focus of attention, education, etc. Pictures for review are selected from JURIX 2012 proceedings. We conclude that making visualizations as avant-garde as JURIX projects themselves is a tough task that requires knowledge of law, computing, media and semiotics. 1. Introduction This paper reviews visualizations in legal informatics by asking the question ¡°How is multidimensionality exploited?¡±. There are multiple criteria to review and in turn different means to achieve multidimensionality in visualizations: colours (including black-white-grey), mixed types of graphical elements, 1D-2D-2?D-3D, quantity-quality, statistics, etc. The mainstream of the visualization in law, legal science and legal informatics can be determined with reference to JURIX, the Dutch Foundation for Legal Knowledge-Based Systems and its annual conference proceedings. On the one hand there are formal notations, which go beyond the textual ones; on the other hand, there are visual representations that also occur in competition with the text. In the visualizations in turn two different types can be distinguished: first, the visualizations formed according to strict formal rules; second, the more intuitive pictures which can detect situations better. A very good overview of legal visualization can be found in the book of Klaus R?hl and Stefan Ulbrich (2007). There are also quite different approaches to visualization, for instance, through semiotics (Fig. 1). The classical philosophy of law, however, as approximately represented by Arthur Kaufmann (see Lachmayer 2005), has provided a methodological introduction to visualization with the thought pattern of tertium comparationis. Especially in the European Union with its many official languages, a visualization, which appears as a tertium, can form a mental bridge between different languages. File 20130926-RULES2013-Cyras-Lachmayer-slides.pdf <img style="border:1px solid #C3E6D8;float:right;" alt="" src="https://cdn.slidesharecdn.com/ss_thumbnails/20130926-rules2013-cyras-lachmayer-slides-150106032303-conversion-gate01-thumbnail.jpg?width=120&amp;height=120&amp;fit=bounds" /><br> Presentation at the RULES 2013 conference, Krakow. Publication: V. ?yras, F. Lachmayer (2015) Towards multidimensional rule visualizations. In: M. Araszkiewicz, P. Bana?, T. Gizbert-Studnicki, K. P?eszka (eds.) Problems of Normativity, Rules and Rule-Following, Law and Philosophy Library 111, pp. 445¨C455, DOI 10.1007/978-3-319-09375-8_33. Springer, ISBN 978-3-319-09374-1. ABSTRACT: This paper reviews visualizations in legal informatics. We focus on the transition from traditional rule-based linear textual representation such as ¡°if A then B¡± to two- and three-dimensional ones and films. A methodology of visualization with the thought pattern of tertium comparationis can be attributed to Arthur Kaufmann. A tertium visualization aims at a mental bridge between different languages. We explore how visualizations are constructed and what types can be found here. Review criteria comprise comprehension, relations, vertical-horizontal arrangement, time-space structure, the focus of attention, education, etc. Pictures for review are selected from JURIX 2012 proceedings. We conclude that making visualizations as avant-garde as JURIX projects themselves is a tough task that requires knowledge of law, computing, media and semiotics. 1. Introduction This paper reviews visualizations in legal informatics by asking the question ¡°How is multidimensionality exploited?¡±. There are multiple criteria to review and in turn different means to achieve multidimensionality in visualizations: colours (including black-white-grey), mixed types of graphical elements, 1D-2D-2?D-3D, quantity-quality, statistics, etc. The mainstream of the visualization in law, legal science and legal informatics can be determined with reference to JURIX, the Dutch Foundation for Legal Knowledge-Based Systems and its annual conference proceedings. On the one hand there are formal notations, which go beyond the textual ones; on the other hand, there are visual representations that also occur in competition with the text. In the visualizations in turn two different types can be distinguished: first, the visualizations formed according to strict formal rules; second, the more intuitive pictures which can detect situations better. A very good overview of legal visualization can be found in the book of Klaus R?hl and Stefan Ulbrich (2007). There are also quite different approaches to visualization, for instance, through semiotics (Fig. 1). The classical philosophy of law, however, as approximately represented by Arthur Kaufmann (see Lachmayer 2005), has provided a methodological introduction to visualization with the thought pattern of tertium comparationis. Especially in the European Union with its many official languages, a visualization, which appears as a tertium, can form a mental bridge between different languages. File 20130926-RULES2013-Cyras-Lachmayer-slides.pdf
Towards Multidimensional Rule Visualizations. Conference RULES 2013 presentation from Vytautas ¥ÈÝXras
]]> 583 4 https://cdn.slidesharecdn.com/ss_thumbnails/20130926-rules2013-cyras-lachmayer-slides-150106032303-conversion-gate01-thumbnail.jpg?width=120&height=120&fit=bounds presentation White http://activitystrea.ms/schema/1.0/post http://activitystrea.ms/schema/1.0/posted 0 Compliance and software transparency for legal machines /slideshow/20140607-baltic-dbiscyraseservicescomplianceslides/35923247 20140607-balticdbis-cyras-eservicescompliance-slides-140616092240-phpapp01
ºÝºÝߣs presented at the 11th International Baltic Conference on DB and IS, Baltic DB&IS 2014, Tallinn, Estonia, 8-11 June 2014, http://ati.ttu.ee/dbis2014/. Abstract: This paper attempts to define the software compliance and transparency problem. This constitutes a high level holistic view. The context is the changeover from a text culture to a machine culture. Note that equal access to e-procedures does not guarantee justice. The transparency of the law leads to the transparency of software and hence challenges legal informatics. We formulate two requirements for legal machines: 1) software architecture must be made accessible; and 2) software must provide legal protection. A need therefore arises for the legal requirements to flow down to lower level specifications. We explain the notion of subsumption ¨C a legal qualification of facts according to a norm¡¯s circumstance. In the end we discuss the definition of the compliance problem. Introduction We address regulatory compliance as an ideal and attempt providing holistic abstract formulations of the problem. A layperson in law (e.g., a software engineer) and a jurist may view legal rule violations differently. The reason is that a layperson can barely understand the whole interconnectedness of legal norms. Therefore, determining software compliance with the law is a complex problem. Note that an information system can cause harm as any misused artifact can. For example, a computer generated message can cause a heart attack analogously as a pencil can serve as a murder tool. Consider the question ¡°Is software compliant with the law?¡± The answer need not be ¡°yes¡± or ¡°no¡± but can extend to an evaluation spectrum from optimistic to pessimistic. We find this question similar to the question, ¡°Can machines think?¡± by Alan Turing [13]. Turing begins with the definitions and the meaning of the terms ¡°machine¡± and ¡°think¡±. Analogously, we regard the terms ¡°compliant¡± and ¡°the law¡±. This paper extends our earlier studies on legal machines [2], transparency [3], and compliance [4]. A legal machine can be defined as a machine in a system whose actions have legal importance and legal consequences [2]. There are simple legal machines, such as traffic lights, barriers and vending machines, and complex ones, such as the electronic forms that are used for taxes and finance. An example of the latter is FinanzOnline that provides a one-click link to the Austrian tax administration; see https://finanzonline.bmf.gv.at/. Legal machines shift raw facts into institutional facts, i.e., facts that have legal importance. The raw facts come from the Is world, whereas the institutional facts come from the Ought. For example, a fraud is committed when dropping fake coins in a vending machine whereas a child may put outdated coins in her piggybank. Is and Ought are distinguished in the theory of law; see Hans Kelsen [6]. Legal machines contribute to law enforcement, and their software implement legal norms.]]>
ºÝºÝߣs presented at the 11th International Baltic Conference on DB and IS, Baltic DB&IS 2014, Tallinn, Estonia, 8-11 June 2014, http://ati.ttu.ee/dbis2014/. Abstract: This paper attempts to define the software compliance and transparency problem. This constitutes a high level holistic view. The context is the changeover from a text culture to a machine culture. Note that equal access to e-procedures does not guarantee justice. The transparency of the law leads to the transparency of software and hence challenges legal informatics. We formulate two requirements for legal machines: 1) software architecture must be made accessible; and 2) software must provide legal protection. A need therefore arises for the legal requirements to flow down to lower level specifications. We explain the notion of subsumption ¨C a legal qualification of facts according to a norm¡¯s circumstance. In the end we discuss the definition of the compliance problem. Introduction We address regulatory compliance as an ideal and attempt providing holistic abstract formulations of the problem. A layperson in law (e.g., a software engineer) and a jurist may view legal rule violations differently. The reason is that a layperson can barely understand the whole interconnectedness of legal norms. Therefore, determining software compliance with the law is a complex problem. Note that an information system can cause harm as any misused artifact can. For example, a computer generated message can cause a heart attack analogously as a pencil can serve as a murder tool. Consider the question ¡°Is software compliant with the law?¡± The answer need not be ¡°yes¡± or ¡°no¡± but can extend to an evaluation spectrum from optimistic to pessimistic. We find this question similar to the question, ¡°Can machines think?¡± by Alan Turing [13]. Turing begins with the definitions and the meaning of the terms ¡°machine¡± and ¡°think¡±. Analogously, we regard the terms ¡°compliant¡± and ¡°the law¡±. This paper extends our earlier studies on legal machines [2], transparency [3], and compliance [4]. A legal machine can be defined as a machine in a system whose actions have legal importance and legal consequences [2]. There are simple legal machines, such as traffic lights, barriers and vending machines, and complex ones, such as the electronic forms that are used for taxes and finance. An example of the latter is FinanzOnline that provides a one-click link to the Austrian tax administration; see https://finanzonline.bmf.gv.at/. Legal machines shift raw facts into institutional facts, i.e., facts that have legal importance. The raw facts come from the Is world, whereas the institutional facts come from the Ought. For example, a fraud is committed when dropping fake coins in a vending machine whereas a child may put outdated coins in her piggybank. Is and Ought are distinguished in the theory of law; see Hans Kelsen [6]. Legal machines contribute to law enforcement, and their software implement legal norms.]]> Mon, 16 Jun 2014 09:22:40 GMT /slideshow/20140607-baltic-dbiscyraseservicescomplianceslides/35923247 cyras@slideshare.net(cyras) Compliance and software transparency for legal machines cyras ºÝºÝߣs presented at the 11th International Baltic Conference on DB and IS, Baltic DB&IS 2014, Tallinn, Estonia, 8-11 June 2014, http://ati.ttu.ee/dbis2014/. Abstract: This paper attempts to define the software compliance and transparency problem. This constitutes a high level holistic view. The context is the changeover from a text culture to a machine culture. Note that equal access to e-procedures does not guarantee justice. The transparency of the law leads to the transparency of software and hence challenges legal informatics. We formulate two requirements for legal machines: 1) software architecture must be made accessible; and 2) software must provide legal protection. A need therefore arises for the legal requirements to flow down to lower level specifications. We explain the notion of subsumption ¨C a legal qualification of facts according to a norm¡¯s circumstance. In the end we discuss the definition of the compliance problem. Introduction We address regulatory compliance as an ideal and attempt providing holistic abstract formulations of the problem. A layperson in law (e.g., a software engineer) and a jurist may view legal rule violations differently. The reason is that a layperson can barely understand the whole interconnectedness of legal norms. Therefore, determining software compliance with the law is a complex problem. Note that an information system can cause harm as any misused artifact can. For example, a computer generated message can cause a heart attack analogously as a pencil can serve as a murder tool. Consider the question ¡°Is software compliant with the law?¡± The answer need not be ¡°yes¡± or ¡°no¡± but can extend to an evaluation spectrum from optimistic to pessimistic. We find this question similar to the question, ¡°Can machines think?¡± by Alan Turing [13]. Turing begins with the definitions and the meaning of the terms ¡°machine¡± and ¡°think¡±. Analogously, we regard the terms ¡°compliant¡± and ¡°the law¡±. This paper extends our earlier studies on legal machines [2], transparency [3], and compliance [4]. A legal machine can be defined as a machine in a system whose actions have legal importance and legal consequences [2]. There are simple legal machines, such as traffic lights, barriers and vending machines, and complex ones, such as the electronic forms that are used for taxes and finance. An example of the latter is FinanzOnline that provides a one-click link to the Austrian tax administration; see https://finanzonline.bmf.gv.at/. Legal machines shift raw facts into institutional facts, i.e., facts that have legal importance. The raw facts come from the Is world, whereas the institutional facts come from the Ought. For example, a fraud is committed when dropping fake coins in a vending machine whereas a child may put outdated coins in her piggybank. Is and Ought are distinguished in the theory of law; see Hans Kelsen [6]. Legal machines contribute to law enforcement, and their software implement legal norms. <img style="border:1px solid #C3E6D8;float:right;" alt="" src="https://cdn.slidesharecdn.com/ss_thumbnails/20140607-balticdbis-cyras-eservicescompliance-slides-140616092240-phpapp01-thumbnail.jpg?width=120&amp;height=120&amp;fit=bounds" /><br> ºÝºÝߣs presented at the 11th International Baltic Conference on DB and IS, Baltic DB&amp;IS 2014, Tallinn, Estonia, 8-11 June 2014, http://ati.ttu.ee/dbis2014/. Abstract: This paper attempts to define the software compliance and transparency problem. This constitutes a high level holistic view. The context is the changeover from a text culture to a machine culture. Note that equal access to e-procedures does not guarantee justice. The transparency of the law leads to the transparency of software and hence challenges legal informatics. We formulate two requirements for legal machines: 1) software architecture must be made accessible; and 2) software must provide legal protection. A need therefore arises for the legal requirements to flow down to lower level specifications. We explain the notion of subsumption ¨C a legal qualification of facts according to a norm¡¯s circumstance. In the end we discuss the definition of the compliance problem. Introduction We address regulatory compliance as an ideal and attempt providing holistic abstract formulations of the problem. A layperson in law (e.g., a software engineer) and a jurist may view legal rule violations differently. The reason is that a layperson can barely understand the whole interconnectedness of legal norms. Therefore, determining software compliance with the law is a complex problem. Note that an information system can cause harm as any misused artifact can. For example, a computer generated message can cause a heart attack analogously as a pencil can serve as a murder tool. Consider the question ¡°Is software compliant with the law?¡± The answer need not be ¡°yes¡± or ¡°no¡± but can extend to an evaluation spectrum from optimistic to pessimistic. We find this question similar to the question, ¡°Can machines think?¡± by Alan Turing [13]. Turing begins with the definitions and the meaning of the terms ¡°machine¡± and ¡°think¡±. Analogously, we regard the terms ¡°compliant¡± and ¡°the law¡±. This paper extends our earlier studies on legal machines [2], transparency [3], and compliance [4]. A legal machine can be defined as a machine in a system whose actions have legal importance and legal consequences [2]. There are simple legal machines, such as traffic lights, barriers and vending machines, and complex ones, such as the electronic forms that are used for taxes and finance. An example of the latter is FinanzOnline that provides a one-click link to the Austrian tax administration; see https://finanzonline.bmf.gv.at/. Legal machines shift raw facts into institutional facts, i.e., facts that have legal importance. The raw facts come from the Is world, whereas the institutional facts come from the Ought. For example, a fraud is committed when dropping fake coins in a vending machine whereas a child may put outdated coins in her piggybank. Is and Ought are distinguished in the theory of law; see Hans Kelsen [6]. Legal machines contribute to law enforcement, and their software implement legal norms.
Compliance and software transparency for legal machines from Vytautas ¥ÈÝXras
]]> 244 3 https://cdn.slidesharecdn.com/ss_thumbnails/20140607-balticdbis-cyras-eservicescompliance-slides-140616092240-phpapp01-thumbnail.jpg?width=120&height=120&fit=bounds presentation White http://activitystrea.ms/schema/1.0/post http://activitystrea.ms/schema/1.0/posted 0 (DAMPS 2013) E-services via the Internet and compliance with the law. File 20131203-Druskininkai-Cyras-EServicesCompliance-slides /cyras/eservices-via-the-internet-and-compliance-with-the-law-file-20131203-druskininkaicyrase-servicescomplianceslides 20131203-druskininkai-cyras-eservicescompliance-slides-140106100018-phpapp01
Presentation at DAMPS 2013, Druskininkai, Lithuania, 5-7.12.2013, http://www.mii.vu.lt/index.php?siteaction=news_notices.view&id=3198&lang=lt. Program see http://www.mii.lt/files/liks_mii_drusk_2013_programafinal.pdf. Vytautas ?yras and Friedrich Lachmayer "E-services via the Internet and compliance with the law" Prane?imas Penktajame tarptautiniame seminare "Duomen? analiz?s metodai program? sistemoms" (DAMPS 2013): Vytautas ?yras ?Paslaug? teikimo internetu atitikimo teisei problemos¡°]]>
Presentation at DAMPS 2013, Druskininkai, Lithuania, 5-7.12.2013, http://www.mii.vu.lt/index.php?siteaction=news_notices.view&id=3198&lang=lt. Program see http://www.mii.lt/files/liks_mii_drusk_2013_programafinal.pdf. Vytautas ?yras and Friedrich Lachmayer "E-services via the Internet and compliance with the law" Prane?imas Penktajame tarptautiniame seminare "Duomen? analiz?s metodai program? sistemoms" (DAMPS 2013): Vytautas ?yras ?Paslaug? teikimo internetu atitikimo teisei problemos¡°]]> Mon, 06 Jan 2014 10:00:17 GMT /cyras/eservices-via-the-internet-and-compliance-with-the-law-file-20131203-druskininkaicyrase-servicescomplianceslides cyras@slideshare.net(cyras) (DAMPS 2013) E-services via the Internet and compliance with the law. File 20131203-Druskininkai-Cyras-EServicesCompliance-slides cyras Presentation at DAMPS 2013, Druskininkai, Lithuania, 5-7.12.2013, http://www.mii.vu.lt/index.php?siteaction=news_notices.view&id=3198&lang=lt. Program see http://www.mii.lt/files/liks_mii_drusk_2013_programafinal.pdf. Vytautas ?yras and Friedrich Lachmayer "E-services via the Internet and compliance with the law" Prane?imas Penktajame tarptautiniame seminare "Duomen? analiz?s metodai program? sistemoms" (DAMPS 2013): Vytautas ?yras ?Paslaug? teikimo internetu atitikimo teisei problemos¡° <img style="border:1px solid #C3E6D8;float:right;" alt="" src="https://cdn.slidesharecdn.com/ss_thumbnails/20131203-druskininkai-cyras-eservicescompliance-slides-140106100018-phpapp01-thumbnail.jpg?width=120&amp;height=120&amp;fit=bounds" /><br> Presentation at DAMPS 2013, Druskininkai, Lithuania, 5-7.12.2013, http://www.mii.vu.lt/index.php?siteaction=news_notices.view&amp;id=3198&amp;lang=lt. Program see http://www.mii.lt/files/liks_mii_drusk_2013_programafinal.pdf. Vytautas ?yras and Friedrich Lachmayer &quot;E-services via the Internet and compliance with the law&quot; Prane?imas Penktajame tarptautiniame seminare &quot;Duomen? analiz?s metodai program? sistemoms&quot; (DAMPS 2013): Vytautas ?yras ?Paslaug? teikimo internetu atitikimo teisei problemos¡°
(DAMPS 2013) E-services via the Internet and compliance with the law. File 20131203-Druskininkai-Cyras-EServicesCompliance-slides from Vytautas ¥ÈÝXras
]]> 343 2 https://cdn.slidesharecdn.com/ss_thumbnails/20131203-druskininkai-cyras-eservicescompliance-slides-140106100018-phpapp01-thumbnail.jpg?width=120&height=120&fit=bounds presentation White http://activitystrea.ms/schema/1.0/post http://activitystrea.ms/schema/1.0/posted 0 Apie vizualizavim? teis?je: pavyzd?iai keletu tem? [in Lithuanian]. File 20131024-IVRsekcija-cyras-ApieVizualizavimaTeiseje-skaidres /slideshow/20131024-ivrsekcijacyrasapievizualizavimateisejeskaidres/29732976 20131024-ivrsekcija-cyras-apievizualizavimateiseje-skaidres-140106094342-phpapp02
Prane?imas Tarptautin?s teis?s ir socialin?s filosofijos asociacijos IVR Lietuvos sekcijoje 2013.10.24, Mykolo Romerio universitete. SANTRAUKA: Aptariamos galimyb?s pavaizduoti teis?s turin? (tiksliau, prasm?, angl. meaning, vok. Deutung) iliustracijose schem? pavidalu. Tai aktualu teis?s mokyme, teis?s informatikoje, teis?s teorijoje ir kitur. Pristatomi bendri darbai su teis?s profesoriumi Friedrich Lachmayer i? Vienos (www.legalvisualization.com): Hanso Kelzeno ?Grynoji teis?s teorija¡°, normos strukt¨±ra, vizualizavimo ir ?ini? vaizdavimo skirtumai, skaidrumo reikalavimas teisin?ms ma?inoms ir kt.]]>
Prane?imas Tarptautin?s teis?s ir socialin?s filosofijos asociacijos IVR Lietuvos sekcijoje 2013.10.24, Mykolo Romerio universitete. SANTRAUKA: Aptariamos galimyb?s pavaizduoti teis?s turin? (tiksliau, prasm?, angl. meaning, vok. Deutung) iliustracijose schem? pavidalu. Tai aktualu teis?s mokyme, teis?s informatikoje, teis?s teorijoje ir kitur. Pristatomi bendri darbai su teis?s profesoriumi Friedrich Lachmayer i? Vienos (www.legalvisualization.com): Hanso Kelzeno ?Grynoji teis?s teorija¡°, normos strukt¨±ra, vizualizavimo ir ?ini? vaizdavimo skirtumai, skaidrumo reikalavimas teisin?ms ma?inoms ir kt.]]> Mon, 06 Jan 2014 09:43:42 GMT /slideshow/20131024-ivrsekcijacyrasapievizualizavimateisejeskaidres/29732976 cyras@slideshare.net(cyras) Apie vizualizavim? teis?je: pavyzd?iai keletu tem? [in Lithuanian]. File 20131024-IVRsekcija-cyras-ApieVizualizavimaTeiseje-skaidres cyras Prane?imas Tarptautin?s teis?s ir socialin?s filosofijos asociacijos IVR Lietuvos sekcijoje 2013.10.24, Mykolo Romerio universitete. SANTRAUKA: Aptariamos galimyb?s pavaizduoti teis?s turin? (tiksliau, prasm?, angl. meaning, vok. Deutung) iliustracijose schem? pavidalu. Tai aktualu teis?s mokyme, teis?s informatikoje, teis?s teorijoje ir kitur. Pristatomi bendri darbai su teis?s profesoriumi Friedrich Lachmayer i? Vienos (www.legalvisualization.com): Hanso Kelzeno ?Grynoji teis?s teorija¡°, normos strukt¨±ra, vizualizavimo ir ?ini? vaizdavimo skirtumai, skaidrumo reikalavimas teisin?ms ma?inoms ir kt. <img style="border:1px solid #C3E6D8;float:right;" alt="" src="https://cdn.slidesharecdn.com/ss_thumbnails/20131024-ivrsekcija-cyras-apievizualizavimateiseje-skaidres-140106094342-phpapp02-thumbnail.jpg?width=120&amp;height=120&amp;fit=bounds" /><br> Prane?imas Tarptautin?s teis?s ir socialin?s filosofijos asociacijos IVR Lietuvos sekcijoje 2013.10.24, Mykolo Romerio universitete. SANTRAUKA: Aptariamos galimyb?s pavaizduoti teis?s turin? (tiksliau, prasm?, angl. meaning, vok. Deutung) iliustracijose schem? pavidalu. Tai aktualu teis?s mokyme, teis?s informatikoje, teis?s teorijoje ir kitur. Pristatomi bendri darbai su teis?s profesoriumi Friedrich Lachmayer i? Vienos (www.legalvisualization.com): Hanso Kelzeno ?Grynoji teis?s teorija¡°, normos strukt¨±ra, vizualizavimo ir ?ini? vaizdavimo skirtumai, skaidrumo reikalavimas teisin?ms ma?inoms ir kt.
Apie vizualizavim? teis?je: pavyzd?iai keletu tem? [in Lithuanian]. File 20131024-IVRsekcija-cyras-ApieVizualizavimaTeiseje-skaidres from Vytautas ?yras
]]> 343 3 https://cdn.slidesharecdn.com/ss_thumbnails/20131024-ivrsekcija-cyras-apievizualizavimateiseje-skaidres-140106094342-phpapp02-thumbnail.jpg?width=120&height=120&fit=bounds presentation Black http://activitystrea.ms/schema/1.0/post http://activitystrea.ms/schema/1.0/posted 0 IRIS 2008. Teleological Networks in Normative Systems /slideshow/20080220-irisslidescyraslachmayer/24872612 20080220-iris-slides-cyras-lachmayer-130802101258-phpapp02
ºÝºÝߣs. IRIS 2008, 11th International Legal Informatics Symposium. In proceedings: Komplexit?tsgrenzen der Rechtsinformatik. Tagungsband des 11. Internationalen Rechtsinformatik Symposions IRIS 2008. E. Schweighofer, A. Geist, G. Heindl, C. Sz¨¹cs (Hrsg.), p.483-492. Richard Boorberg Verlag, Stuttgart. ISBN 978-3-415-04130-1. ABSTRACT: The representation of legal knowledge in legal informatics, besides the dimension of a language, deserves the methods of normative logic. This comprises normative notations and deontic logic. Such a core of a formal legal theory can be expanded with teleological structures. An early attempt to analyse legal teleological structures was Jhering¡¯s Interessensprudenz. Contrary to action-oriented models (see Kelsen) we propose to supplement norms and even structural parts of a whole legal system with teleological relations. This will form a separate structural layer of legal knowledge representation. Such a layer can contribute to the metadata of legal documents. This is important in the search of legal documents and information retrieval. The teleological structure we propose contains three elements: first, the basic element A, second, the target element B, and, third, the teleological relation te. The proposed notation is A te B.]]>
ºÝºÝߣs. IRIS 2008, 11th International Legal Informatics Symposium. In proceedings: Komplexit?tsgrenzen der Rechtsinformatik. Tagungsband des 11. Internationalen Rechtsinformatik Symposions IRIS 2008. E. Schweighofer, A. Geist, G. Heindl, C. Sz¨¹cs (Hrsg.), p.483-492. Richard Boorberg Verlag, Stuttgart. ISBN 978-3-415-04130-1. ABSTRACT: The representation of legal knowledge in legal informatics, besides the dimension of a language, deserves the methods of normative logic. This comprises normative notations and deontic logic. Such a core of a formal legal theory can be expanded with teleological structures. An early attempt to analyse legal teleological structures was Jhering¡¯s Interessensprudenz. Contrary to action-oriented models (see Kelsen) we propose to supplement norms and even structural parts of a whole legal system with teleological relations. This will form a separate structural layer of legal knowledge representation. Such a layer can contribute to the metadata of legal documents. This is important in the search of legal documents and information retrieval. The teleological structure we propose contains three elements: first, the basic element A, second, the target element B, and, third, the teleological relation te. The proposed notation is A te B.]]> Fri, 02 Aug 2013 10:12:58 GMT /slideshow/20080220-irisslidescyraslachmayer/24872612 cyras@slideshare.net(cyras) IRIS 2008. Teleological Networks in Normative Systems cyras ºÝºÝߣs. IRIS 2008, 11th International Legal Informatics Symposium. In proceedings: Komplexit?tsgrenzen der Rechtsinformatik. Tagungsband des 11. Internationalen Rechtsinformatik Symposions IRIS 2008. E. Schweighofer, A. Geist, G. Heindl, C. Sz¨¹cs (Hrsg.), p.483-492. Richard Boorberg Verlag, Stuttgart. ISBN 978-3-415-04130-1. ABSTRACT: The representation of legal knowledge in legal informatics, besides the dimension of a language, deserves the methods of normative logic. This comprises normative notations and deontic logic. Such a core of a formal legal theory can be expanded with teleological structures. An early attempt to analyse legal teleological structures was Jhering¡¯s Interessensprudenz. Contrary to action-oriented models (see Kelsen) we propose to supplement norms and even structural parts of a whole legal system with teleological relations. This will form a separate structural layer of legal knowledge representation. Such a layer can contribute to the metadata of legal documents. This is important in the search of legal documents and information retrieval. The teleological structure we propose contains three elements: first, the basic element A, second, the target element B, and, third, the teleological relation te. The proposed notation is A te B. <img style="border:1px solid #C3E6D8;float:right;" alt="" src="https://cdn.slidesharecdn.com/ss_thumbnails/20080220-iris-slides-cyras-lachmayer-130802101258-phpapp02-thumbnail.jpg?width=120&amp;height=120&amp;fit=bounds" /><br> ºÝºÝߣs. IRIS 2008, 11th International Legal Informatics Symposium. In proceedings: Komplexit?tsgrenzen der Rechtsinformatik. Tagungsband des 11. Internationalen Rechtsinformatik Symposions IRIS 2008. E. Schweighofer, A. Geist, G. Heindl, C. Sz¨¹cs (Hrsg.), p.483-492. Richard Boorberg Verlag, Stuttgart. ISBN 978-3-415-04130-1. ABSTRACT: The representation of legal knowledge in legal informatics, besides the dimension of a language, deserves the methods of normative logic. This comprises normative notations and deontic logic. Such a core of a formal legal theory can be expanded with teleological structures. An early attempt to analyse legal teleological structures was Jhering¡¯s Interessensprudenz. Contrary to action-oriented models (see Kelsen) we propose to supplement norms and even structural parts of a whole legal system with teleological relations. This will form a separate structural layer of legal knowledge representation. Such a layer can contribute to the metadata of legal documents. This is important in the search of legal documents and information retrieval. The teleological structure we propose contains three elements: first, the basic element A, second, the target element B, and, third, the teleological relation te. The proposed notation is A te B.
IRIS 2008. Teleological Networks in Normative Systems from Vytautas ¥ÈÝXras
]]> 537 10 https://cdn.slidesharecdn.com/ss_thumbnails/20080220-iris-slides-cyras-lachmayer-130802101258-phpapp02-thumbnail.jpg?width=120&height=120&fit=bounds presentation Black http://activitystrea.ms/schema/1.0/post http://activitystrea.ms/schema/1.0/posted 0 Technical rules and legal rules in online virtual worlds /cyras/2010-biletacyraslachmayerslides 2010-bileta-cyras-lachmayer-slides-130730123433-phpapp02
Authors: Vytautas ?yras, Friedrich lachmayer. BILETA 2010 conference (British and Irish Law, Education and Technology Association). http://www.univie.ac.at/RI/BILETA2010/. Vienna, 29-30 March 2010. ABSTRACT: The paper is devoted to a legal framework of a three-dimensional virtual world. Here visualization and symbolization precede formalization on the way to construction and legal knowledge representation. Thus the visualization of virtual world issues can have a favourable effect on modelling, formal representation and implementation. The paper also identifies a legal informatics approach which is worded ¡°From rules in law to rules in artefact¡±. The rules are divided into classes, such as legal, technical, professional, reputation, etc. The modes of effect of rules are distinguished, too. The differences of the technical rules and the legal rules are in the focus. The development tackles a virtual world platform within the FP7 VirtualLife project, which pursues the goal to create a secure and legally ruled collaboration environment.]]>
Authors: Vytautas ?yras, Friedrich lachmayer. BILETA 2010 conference (British and Irish Law, Education and Technology Association). http://www.univie.ac.at/RI/BILETA2010/. Vienna, 29-30 March 2010. ABSTRACT: The paper is devoted to a legal framework of a three-dimensional virtual world. Here visualization and symbolization precede formalization on the way to construction and legal knowledge representation. Thus the visualization of virtual world issues can have a favourable effect on modelling, formal representation and implementation. The paper also identifies a legal informatics approach which is worded ¡°From rules in law to rules in artefact¡±. The rules are divided into classes, such as legal, technical, professional, reputation, etc. The modes of effect of rules are distinguished, too. The differences of the technical rules and the legal rules are in the focus. The development tackles a virtual world platform within the FP7 VirtualLife project, which pursues the goal to create a secure and legally ruled collaboration environment.]]> Tue, 30 Jul 2013 12:34:32 GMT /cyras/2010-biletacyraslachmayerslides cyras@slideshare.net(cyras) Technical rules and legal rules in online virtual worlds cyras Authors: Vytautas ?yras, Friedrich lachmayer. BILETA 2010 conference (British and Irish Law, Education and Technology Association). http://www.univie.ac.at/RI/BILETA2010/. Vienna, 29-30 March 2010. ABSTRACT: The paper is devoted to a legal framework of a three-dimensional virtual world. Here visualization and symbolization precede formalization on the way to construction and legal knowledge representation. Thus the visualization of virtual world issues can have a favourable effect on modelling, formal representation and implementation. The paper also identifies a legal informatics approach which is worded ¡°From rules in law to rules in artefact¡±. The rules are divided into classes, such as legal, technical, professional, reputation, etc. The modes of effect of rules are distinguished, too. The differences of the technical rules and the legal rules are in the focus. The development tackles a virtual world platform within the FP7 VirtualLife project, which pursues the goal to create a secure and legally ruled collaboration environment. <img style="border:1px solid #C3E6D8;float:right;" alt="" src="https://cdn.slidesharecdn.com/ss_thumbnails/2010-bileta-cyras-lachmayer-slides-130730123433-phpapp02-thumbnail.jpg?width=120&amp;height=120&amp;fit=bounds" /><br> Authors: Vytautas ?yras, Friedrich lachmayer. BILETA 2010 conference (British and Irish Law, Education and Technology Association). http://www.univie.ac.at/RI/BILETA2010/. Vienna, 29-30 March 2010. ABSTRACT: The paper is devoted to a legal framework of a three-dimensional virtual world. Here visualization and symbolization precede formalization on the way to construction and legal knowledge representation. Thus the visualization of virtual world issues can have a favourable effect on modelling, formal representation and implementation. The paper also identifies a legal informatics approach which is worded ¡°From rules in law to rules in artefact¡±. The rules are divided into classes, such as legal, technical, professional, reputation, etc. The modes of effect of rules are distinguished, too. The differences of the technical rules and the legal rules are in the focus. The development tackles a virtual world platform within the FP7 VirtualLife project, which pursues the goal to create a secure and legally ruled collaboration environment.
Technical rules and legal rules in online virtual worlds from Vytautas ¥ÈÝXras
]]> 467 3 https://cdn.slidesharecdn.com/ss_thumbnails/2010-bileta-cyras-lachmayer-slides-130730123433-phpapp02-thumbnail.jpg?width=120&height=120&fit=bounds presentation Black http://activitystrea.ms/schema/1.0/post http://activitystrea.ms/schema/1.0/posted 0 User needs and legally ruled collaboration in the VirtualLife virtual world platform /slideshow/20091117-aimethslidescyrasandlapin/24756452 20091117-ai-meth-slides-cyras-and-lapin-130730043313-phpapp01
Authors: Vytautas ?yras, Kristina Lapin. Symposium on Methods of Artificial Intelligence, 18-19 November 2009. T. Burczy¨½ski, W. Cholewa, W. Moczulski (eds.) Recent Developments in Artificial Intelligence Methods, AI-METH series, November 2009, p.69-76. ISBN 83-60759-15-4. http://www.ai-meth.polsl.pl. ABSTRACT: The paper addresses the purposes and design decisions produced while developing a peer-to-peer virtual world platform. The work is being done within the FP7 VirtualLife project. The purpose of the project is to create a safe, democratic and legally ruled collaboration environment. The novelty of the platform is mainly in the issues of security and trust and in the implementation of an in-world legal framework, which is real world compliant. The rule of law principle is extended to a virtual world. Such an extension advances the level of intelligence of an artifact. The approach accords with a trend in legal informatics ¡°From norms in law to rules in artifact¡±. In the paper the authors reflect on user needs and learning support in a university virtual campus, a potential scenario. Virtual worlds¡¯ opportunities in enhancing learning are discussed. A new paradigm of the content is characterized as interaction versus information.]]>
Authors: Vytautas ?yras, Kristina Lapin. Symposium on Methods of Artificial Intelligence, 18-19 November 2009. T. Burczy¨½ski, W. Cholewa, W. Moczulski (eds.) Recent Developments in Artificial Intelligence Methods, AI-METH series, November 2009, p.69-76. ISBN 83-60759-15-4. http://www.ai-meth.polsl.pl. ABSTRACT: The paper addresses the purposes and design decisions produced while developing a peer-to-peer virtual world platform. The work is being done within the FP7 VirtualLife project. The purpose of the project is to create a safe, democratic and legally ruled collaboration environment. The novelty of the platform is mainly in the issues of security and trust and in the implementation of an in-world legal framework, which is real world compliant. The rule of law principle is extended to a virtual world. Such an extension advances the level of intelligence of an artifact. The approach accords with a trend in legal informatics ¡°From norms in law to rules in artifact¡±. In the paper the authors reflect on user needs and learning support in a university virtual campus, a potential scenario. Virtual worlds¡¯ opportunities in enhancing learning are discussed. A new paradigm of the content is characterized as interaction versus information.]]> Tue, 30 Jul 2013 04:33:13 GMT /slideshow/20091117-aimethslidescyrasandlapin/24756452 cyras@slideshare.net(cyras) User needs and legally ruled collaboration in the VirtualLife virtual world platform cyras Authors: Vytautas ?yras, Kristina Lapin. Symposium on Methods of Artificial Intelligence, 18-19 November 2009. T. Burczy¨½ski, W. Cholewa, W. Moczulski (eds.) Recent Developments in Artificial Intelligence Methods, AI-METH series, November 2009, p.69-76. ISBN 83-60759-15-4. http://www.ai-meth.polsl.pl. ABSTRACT: The paper addresses the purposes and design decisions produced while developing a peer-to-peer virtual world platform. The work is being done within the FP7 VirtualLife project. The purpose of the project is to create a safe, democratic and legally ruled collaboration environment. The novelty of the platform is mainly in the issues of security and trust and in the implementation of an in-world legal framework, which is real world compliant. The rule of law principle is extended to a virtual world. Such an extension advances the level of intelligence of an artifact. The approach accords with a trend in legal informatics ¡°From norms in law to rules in artifact¡±. In the paper the authors reflect on user needs and learning support in a university virtual campus, a potential scenario. Virtual worlds¡¯ opportunities in enhancing learning are discussed. A new paradigm of the content is characterized as interaction versus information. <img style="border:1px solid #C3E6D8;float:right;" alt="" src="https://cdn.slidesharecdn.com/ss_thumbnails/20091117-ai-meth-slides-cyras-and-lapin-130730043313-phpapp01-thumbnail.jpg?width=120&amp;height=120&amp;fit=bounds" /><br> Authors: Vytautas ?yras, Kristina Lapin. Symposium on Methods of Artificial Intelligence, 18-19 November 2009. T. Burczy¨½ski, W. Cholewa, W. Moczulski (eds.) Recent Developments in Artificial Intelligence Methods, AI-METH series, November 2009, p.69-76. ISBN 83-60759-15-4. http://www.ai-meth.polsl.pl. ABSTRACT: The paper addresses the purposes and design decisions produced while developing a peer-to-peer virtual world platform. The work is being done within the FP7 VirtualLife project. The purpose of the project is to create a safe, democratic and legally ruled collaboration environment. The novelty of the platform is mainly in the issues of security and trust and in the implementation of an in-world legal framework, which is real world compliant. The rule of law principle is extended to a virtual world. Such an extension advances the level of intelligence of an artifact. The approach accords with a trend in legal informatics ¡°From norms in law to rules in artifact¡±. In the paper the authors reflect on user needs and learning support in a university virtual campus, a potential scenario. Virtual worlds¡¯ opportunities in enhancing learning are discussed. A new paradigm of the content is characterized as interaction versus information.
User needs and legally ruled collaboration in the VirtualLife virtual world platform from Vytautas ¥ÈÝXras
]]> 446 3 https://cdn.slidesharecdn.com/ss_thumbnails/20091117-ai-meth-slides-cyras-and-lapin-130730043313-phpapp01-thumbnail.jpg?width=120&height=120&fit=bounds presentation Black http://activitystrea.ms/schema/1.0/post http://activitystrea.ms/schema/1.0/posted 0 Transforming legal rules into virtual world rules: a case study in the VirtualLife platform /slideshow/20100223-cyrasirisslides/24727927 20100223-cyras-iris-slides-130729084242-phpapp01
Vytautas ?yras, Kevin Glass, Francesco Zuliani. In: Schweighofer, E., Geist, A., Staufer, I. (eds.) Globale Sicherheit und proaktiver Staat ¨C Die Rolle der Rechtsinformatik. Tagungsband des 13. Internationalen Rechtsinformatik Symposions IRIS 2010, 25.-27. Februar 2010, Universit?t Salzburg, pp. 579-586. ?sterreichische Computer Gesellschaft, Wien. ISBN 978-3-85403-259-5, http://d-nb.info/1000977358. Also in e-journal Jusletter IT 1 September 2010, Editions Weblaw, Bern, ISSN 1664-848X, http://jusletter-eu.weblaw.ch/magnoliaPublic/issues/2010/102.html. Also in e-journal Jusletter IT, 1 September 2010, Editions Weblaw, Bern, ISSN 1664-848X, http://jusletter-eu.weblaw.ch/magnoliaPublic/issues/2010/102.html. ABSTRACT: The paper addresses operationalisation of legal rules in online 3D virtual world software. The development is performed in the frame of a virtual world platform within the FP7 VirtualLife project, which pursues the goal to create a secure and legally ruled collaboration environment. The novelty of the platform is an in-world legal framework, which is real world compliant. Legally ruled behavior of avatars is addressed. We call this kind of ruling virtual law. A sample (toy) rule is "Keep off the grass". We follow the legal approach "From rules in law to rules in artefact". It accords with the thesis "Computer code is law" of Lawrence Lessig. We also approach the concept of a code of avatars that is concerned by Raph Koster. VirtualLife implies the transformation of legal rules (which are formulated in a human language) into machine-readable format. Such a translation requires natural intelligence.]]>
Vytautas ?yras, Kevin Glass, Francesco Zuliani. In: Schweighofer, E., Geist, A., Staufer, I. (eds.) Globale Sicherheit und proaktiver Staat ¨C Die Rolle der Rechtsinformatik. Tagungsband des 13. Internationalen Rechtsinformatik Symposions IRIS 2010, 25.-27. Februar 2010, Universit?t Salzburg, pp. 579-586. ?sterreichische Computer Gesellschaft, Wien. ISBN 978-3-85403-259-5, http://d-nb.info/1000977358. Also in e-journal Jusletter IT 1 September 2010, Editions Weblaw, Bern, ISSN 1664-848X, http://jusletter-eu.weblaw.ch/magnoliaPublic/issues/2010/102.html. Also in e-journal Jusletter IT, 1 September 2010, Editions Weblaw, Bern, ISSN 1664-848X, http://jusletter-eu.weblaw.ch/magnoliaPublic/issues/2010/102.html. ABSTRACT: The paper addresses operationalisation of legal rules in online 3D virtual world software. The development is performed in the frame of a virtual world platform within the FP7 VirtualLife project, which pursues the goal to create a secure and legally ruled collaboration environment. The novelty of the platform is an in-world legal framework, which is real world compliant. Legally ruled behavior of avatars is addressed. We call this kind of ruling virtual law. A sample (toy) rule is "Keep off the grass". We follow the legal approach "From rules in law to rules in artefact". It accords with the thesis "Computer code is law" of Lawrence Lessig. We also approach the concept of a code of avatars that is concerned by Raph Koster. VirtualLife implies the transformation of legal rules (which are formulated in a human language) into machine-readable format. Such a translation requires natural intelligence.]]> Mon, 29 Jul 2013 08:42:42 GMT /slideshow/20100223-cyrasirisslides/24727927 cyras@slideshare.net(cyras) Transforming legal rules into virtual world rules: a case study in the VirtualLife platform cyras Vytautas ?yras, Kevin Glass, Francesco Zuliani. In: Schweighofer, E., Geist, A., Staufer, I. (eds.) Globale Sicherheit und proaktiver Staat ¨C Die Rolle der Rechtsinformatik. Tagungsband des 13. Internationalen Rechtsinformatik Symposions IRIS 2010, 25.-27. Februar 2010, Universit?t Salzburg, pp. 579-586. ?sterreichische Computer Gesellschaft, Wien. ISBN 978-3-85403-259-5, http://d-nb.info/1000977358. Also in e-journal Jusletter IT 1 September 2010, Editions Weblaw, Bern, ISSN 1664-848X, http://jusletter-eu.weblaw.ch/magnoliaPublic/issues/2010/102.html. Also in e-journal Jusletter IT, 1 September 2010, Editions Weblaw, Bern, ISSN 1664-848X, http://jusletter-eu.weblaw.ch/magnoliaPublic/issues/2010/102.html. ABSTRACT: The paper addresses operationalisation of legal rules in online 3D virtual world software. The development is performed in the frame of a virtual world platform within the FP7 VirtualLife project, which pursues the goal to create a secure and legally ruled collaboration environment. The novelty of the platform is an in-world legal framework, which is real world compliant. Legally ruled behavior of avatars is addressed. We call this kind of ruling virtual law. A sample (toy) rule is "Keep off the grass". We follow the legal approach "From rules in law to rules in artefact". It accords with the thesis "Computer code is law" of Lawrence Lessig. We also approach the concept of a code of avatars that is concerned by Raph Koster. VirtualLife implies the transformation of legal rules (which are formulated in a human language) into machine-readable format. Such a translation requires natural intelligence. <img style="border:1px solid #C3E6D8;float:right;" alt="" src="https://cdn.slidesharecdn.com/ss_thumbnails/20100223-cyras-iris-slides-130729084242-phpapp01-thumbnail.jpg?width=120&amp;height=120&amp;fit=bounds" /><br> Vytautas ?yras, Kevin Glass, Francesco Zuliani. In: Schweighofer, E., Geist, A., Staufer, I. (eds.) Globale Sicherheit und proaktiver Staat ¨C Die Rolle der Rechtsinformatik. Tagungsband des 13. Internationalen Rechtsinformatik Symposions IRIS 2010, 25.-27. Februar 2010, Universit?t Salzburg, pp. 579-586. ?sterreichische Computer Gesellschaft, Wien. ISBN 978-3-85403-259-5, http://d-nb.info/1000977358. Also in e-journal Jusletter IT 1 September 2010, Editions Weblaw, Bern, ISSN 1664-848X, http://jusletter-eu.weblaw.ch/magnoliaPublic/issues/2010/102.html. Also in e-journal Jusletter IT, 1 September 2010, Editions Weblaw, Bern, ISSN 1664-848X, http://jusletter-eu.weblaw.ch/magnoliaPublic/issues/2010/102.html. ABSTRACT: The paper addresses operationalisation of legal rules in online 3D virtual world software. The development is performed in the frame of a virtual world platform within the FP7 VirtualLife project, which pursues the goal to create a secure and legally ruled collaboration environment. The novelty of the platform is an in-world legal framework, which is real world compliant. Legally ruled behavior of avatars is addressed. We call this kind of ruling virtual law. A sample (toy) rule is &quot;Keep off the grass&quot;. We follow the legal approach &quot;From rules in law to rules in artefact&quot;. It accords with the thesis &quot;Computer code is law&quot; of Lawrence Lessig. We also approach the concept of a code of avatars that is concerned by Raph Koster. VirtualLife implies the transformation of legal rules (which are formulated in a human language) into machine-readable format. Such a translation requires natural intelligence.
Transforming legal rules into virtual world rules: a case study in the VirtualLife platform from Vytautas ¥ÈÝXras
]]> 484 8 https://cdn.slidesharecdn.com/ss_thumbnails/20100223-cyras-iris-slides-130729084242-phpapp01-thumbnail.jpg?width=120&height=120&fit=bounds presentation Black http://activitystrea.ms/schema/1.0/post http://activitystrea.ms/schema/1.0/posted 0 Transforming Legal Rules into Online Virtual World Rules: A Case Study in the VirtualLife Platform /slideshow/20100109-uc-mediatrustvwsslidescyras/24720381 20100109-ucmedia-trustvws-slides-cyras-130729040821-phpapp01
Vytautas ?yras (2010). In: Petros Daras & Oscar Mayora (Eds.) User Centric Media - First International Conference, UCMedia 2009, Venice, Italy, December 9-11, 2009, Revised Selected Papers. Lecture Notes of the Institute for Computer Sciences, Social Informatics and Telecommunications Engineering (LNICST) vol. 40, pp.279-284. Springer. http://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007%2F978-3-642-12630-7_34. ABSTRACT. The paper addresses the implementation of legal rules in online virtual world software. The development is performed within a peer-to-peer virtual world platform in the frame of the FP7 VirtualLife project. The goal of the project is to create a serious, secure and legally ruled collaboration environment. The novelty of the platform is an in-world legal framework, which is real world compliant. The approach ¡°From rules in law to rules in artifact¡± is followed. The development accords with the conception ¡°Code is law¡± advocated by Lawrence Lessig. The approach implies the transformation of legal rules (that are formulated in a natural language) into machine-readable format. Such a transformation can be viewed as a kind of translation. Automating the translation requires human expert abilities. This is needed in both the interpretation of legal rules and legal knowledge representation.]]>
Vytautas ?yras (2010). In: Petros Daras & Oscar Mayora (Eds.) User Centric Media - First International Conference, UCMedia 2009, Venice, Italy, December 9-11, 2009, Revised Selected Papers. Lecture Notes of the Institute for Computer Sciences, Social Informatics and Telecommunications Engineering (LNICST) vol. 40, pp.279-284. Springer. http://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007%2F978-3-642-12630-7_34. ABSTRACT. The paper addresses the implementation of legal rules in online virtual world software. The development is performed within a peer-to-peer virtual world platform in the frame of the FP7 VirtualLife project. The goal of the project is to create a serious, secure and legally ruled collaboration environment. The novelty of the platform is an in-world legal framework, which is real world compliant. The approach ¡°From rules in law to rules in artifact¡± is followed. The development accords with the conception ¡°Code is law¡± advocated by Lawrence Lessig. The approach implies the transformation of legal rules (that are formulated in a natural language) into machine-readable format. Such a transformation can be viewed as a kind of translation. Automating the translation requires human expert abilities. This is needed in both the interpretation of legal rules and legal knowledge representation.]]> Mon, 29 Jul 2013 04:08:21 GMT /slideshow/20100109-uc-mediatrustvwsslidescyras/24720381 cyras@slideshare.net(cyras) Transforming Legal Rules into Online Virtual World Rules: A Case Study in the VirtualLife Platform cyras Vytautas ?yras (2010). In: Petros Daras & Oscar Mayora (Eds.) User Centric Media - First International Conference, UCMedia 2009, Venice, Italy, December 9-11, 2009, Revised Selected Papers. Lecture Notes of the Institute for Computer Sciences, Social Informatics and Telecommunications Engineering (LNICST) vol. 40, pp.279-284. Springer. http://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007%2F978-3-642-12630-7_34. ABSTRACT. The paper addresses the implementation of legal rules in online virtual world software. The development is performed within a peer-to-peer virtual world platform in the frame of the FP7 VirtualLife project. The goal of the project is to create a serious, secure and legally ruled collaboration environment. The novelty of the platform is an in-world legal framework, which is real world compliant. The approach ¡°From rules in law to rules in artifact¡± is followed. The development accords with the conception ¡°Code is law¡± advocated by Lawrence Lessig. The approach implies the transformation of legal rules (that are formulated in a natural language) into machine-readable format. Such a transformation can be viewed as a kind of translation. Automating the translation requires human expert abilities. This is needed in both the interpretation of legal rules and legal knowledge representation. <img style="border:1px solid #C3E6D8;float:right;" alt="" src="https://cdn.slidesharecdn.com/ss_thumbnails/20100109-ucmedia-trustvws-slides-cyras-130729040821-phpapp01-thumbnail.jpg?width=120&amp;height=120&amp;fit=bounds" /><br> Vytautas ?yras (2010). In: Petros Daras &amp; Oscar Mayora (Eds.) User Centric Media - First International Conference, UCMedia 2009, Venice, Italy, December 9-11, 2009, Revised Selected Papers. Lecture Notes of the Institute for Computer Sciences, Social Informatics and Telecommunications Engineering (LNICST) vol. 40, pp.279-284. Springer. http://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007%2F978-3-642-12630-7_34. ABSTRACT. The paper addresses the implementation of legal rules in online virtual world software. The development is performed within a peer-to-peer virtual world platform in the frame of the FP7 VirtualLife project. The goal of the project is to create a serious, secure and legally ruled collaboration environment. The novelty of the platform is an in-world legal framework, which is real world compliant. The approach ¡°From rules in law to rules in artifact¡± is followed. The development accords with the conception ¡°Code is law¡± advocated by Lawrence Lessig. The approach implies the transformation of legal rules (that are formulated in a natural language) into machine-readable format. Such a transformation can be viewed as a kind of translation. Automating the translation requires human expert abilities. This is needed in both the interpretation of legal rules and legal knowledge representation.
Transforming Legal Rules into Online Virtual World Rules: A Case Study in the VirtualLife Platform from Vytautas ¥ÈÝXras
]]> 256 4 https://cdn.slidesharecdn.com/ss_thumbnails/20100109-ucmedia-trustvws-slides-cyras-130729040821-phpapp01-thumbnail.jpg?width=120&height=120&fit=bounds presentation Black http://activitystrea.ms/schema/1.0/post http://activitystrea.ms/schema/1.0/posted 0 https://cdn.slidesharecdn.com/profile-photo-cyras-48x48.jpg?cb=1586631176 Associate Professor. Reading a course Artificial Intelligence. Research areas: legal informatics, formalisation of legal teleology. http://www.mif.vu.lt/~cyras/ https://cdn.slidesharecdn.com/ss_thumbnails/20150305-iris-vc-fl-kl-picturetextcooperation-slides-170306104646-thumbnail.jpg?width=320&height=320&fit=bounds slideshow/picturetext-cooperation-lettering-in-legal-visualization/72852845 Picture-Text Cooperati... https://cdn.slidesharecdn.com/ss_thumbnails/20160226-iris-cyraslachmayerschweighofer-networkmetalevels-slides-170306101135-thumbnail.jpg?width=320&height=320&fit=bounds slideshow/network-of-legal-metalevels/72851828 Network of Legal Metal... https://cdn.slidesharecdn.com/ss_thumbnails/20160226-iris-cyraslachmayerschweighofer-networkmetalevels-slides-170306100137-thumbnail.jpg?width=320&height=320&fit=bounds slideshow/views-to-legal-information-systems-and-legal-sublevels/72851511 Views to Legal Informa...