�ݺ�ߣshows by User: reddysir

�ݺ�ߣshows by User: reddysir / http://www.slideshare.net/images/logo.gif �ݺ�ߣshows by User: reddysir / Wed, 16 Oct 2024 04:51:27 GMT �ݺ�ߣShare feed for �ݺ�ߣshows by User: reddysir Tribal Water Conservation Practices and Government Stewardship in.pptx /slideshow/tribal-water-conservation-practices-and-government-stewardship-in-pptx/272452105 tribalwaterconservationpracticesandgovernmentstewardshipin-241016045127-9fc8add3
some water conservation practices that are traditional in India: Katta, sand bores, johads, bawdi, and bamboo drip irrigation systems These are some examples of traditional water conservation techniques in India. Ponds and tanks These are traditional sources of water for drinking, sanitation, and irrigation. They also help recharge groundwater and promote biodiversity. Kund water harvesting This ancient method is used to store excess rainwater, manage droughts, and boost soil fertility. ]]>
some water conservation practices that are traditional in India: Katta, sand bores, johads, bawdi, and bamboo drip irrigation systems These are some examples of traditional water conservation techniques in India. Ponds and tanks These are traditional sources of water for drinking, sanitation, and irrigation. They also help recharge groundwater and promote biodiversity. Kund water harvesting This ancient method is used to store excess rainwater, manage droughts, and boost soil fertility. ]]> Wed, 16 Oct 2024 04:51:27 GMT /slideshow/tribal-water-conservation-practices-and-government-stewardship-in-pptx/272452105 reddysir@slideshare.net(reddysir) Tribal Water Conservation Practices and Government Stewardship in.pptx reddysir some water conservation practices that are traditional in India: Katta, sand bores, johads, bawdi, and bamboo drip irrigation systems These are some examples of traditional water conservation techniques in India. Ponds and tanks These are traditional sources of water for drinking, sanitation, and irrigation. They also help recharge groundwater and promote biodiversity. Kund water harvesting This ancient method is used to store excess rainwater, manage droughts, and boost soil fertility. <img style="border:1px solid #C3E6D8;float:right;" alt="" src="https://cdn.slidesharecdn.com/ss_thumbnails/tribalwaterconservationpracticesandgovernmentstewardshipin-241016045127-9fc8add3-thumbnail.jpg?width=120&height=120&fit=bounds" /> some water conservation practices that are traditional in India: Katta, sand bores, johads, bawdi, and bamboo drip irrigation systems These are some examples of traditional water conservation techniques in India. Ponds and tanks These are traditional sources of water for drinking, sanitation, and irrigation. They also help recharge groundwater and promote biodiversity. Kund water harvesting This ancient method is used to store excess rainwater, manage droughts, and boost soil fertility.

Tribal Water Conservation Practices and Government Stewardship in.pptx from Govt.college,Nagda, ujjain.M.P

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0 �� *�� /slideshow/ss-2583/271092406 mpssrjournalpaper-240818120449-f0a0e414
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 ェ  from Govt.college,Nagda, ujjain.M.P

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0 IKS WORKSHOP UJJAIN, Importance of Zoology in Ancient India /slideshow/iks-workshop-ujjain-importance-of-zoology-in-ancient-india/271092244 iksworkshopujjain8-8-24-240818115215-c0215cb5
Bhartiya Gyan Parampara often intertwines spirituality with ecology. Many natural elements, including rivers, mountains, and forests, are considered sacred. This spiritual connection fosters a sense of reverence and responsibility towards nature, encouraging practices that aim at conservation rather than exploitation. The subject of zoology considers the impact of environmental factors upon different animals and their habitats, developing an appreciation of not only natureThe study of zoology focuses on all kinds of animals. Whether big or small, zoology looks into their biology; the how and why behind their environments; as well as ways to sustain their lives alongside humankind. Through the study of zoology, you can gain an understanding of the natural world and how we can help with conservation. It also offers the opportunity to consider ways to face global challenges such as climate change and food security, trying to find solutions to help both animals and humans alike., ]]>
Bhartiya Gyan Parampara often intertwines spirituality with ecology. Many natural elements, including rivers, mountains, and forests, are considered sacred. This spiritual connection fosters a sense of reverence and responsibility towards nature, encouraging practices that aim at conservation rather than exploitation. The subject of zoology considers the impact of environmental factors upon different animals and their habitats, developing an appreciation of not only natureThe study of zoology focuses on all kinds of animals. Whether big or small, zoology looks into their biology; the how and why behind their environments; as well as ways to sustain their lives alongside humankind. Through the study of zoology, you can gain an understanding of the natural world and how we can help with conservation. It also offers the opportunity to consider ways to face global challenges such as climate change and food security, trying to find solutions to help both animals and humans alike., ]]> Sun, 18 Aug 2024 11:52:15 GMT /slideshow/iks-workshop-ujjain-importance-of-zoology-in-ancient-india/271092244 reddysir@slideshare.net(reddysir) IKS WORKSHOP UJJAIN, Importance of Zoology in Ancient India reddysir Bhartiya Gyan Parampara often intertwines spirituality with ecology. Many natural elements, including rivers, mountains, and forests, are considered sacred. This spiritual connection fosters a sense of reverence and responsibility towards nature, encouraging practices that aim at conservation rather than exploitation. The subject of zoology considers the impact of environmental factors upon different animals and their habitats, developing an appreciation of not only natureThe study of zoology focuses on all kinds of animals. Whether big or small, zoology looks into their biology; the how and why behind their environments; as well as ways to sustain their lives alongside humankind. Through the study of zoology, you can gain an understanding of the natural world and how we can help with conservation. It also offers the opportunity to consider ways to face global challenges such as climate change and food security, trying to find solutions to help both animals and humans alike., <img style="border:1px solid #C3E6D8;float:right;" alt="" src="https://cdn.slidesharecdn.com/ss_thumbnails/iksworkshopujjain8-8-24-240818115215-c0215cb5-thumbnail.jpg?width=120&height=120&fit=bounds" /> Bhartiya Gyan Parampara often intertwines spirituality with ecology. Many natural elements, including rivers, mountains, and forests, are considered sacred. This spiritual connection fosters a sense of reverence and responsibility towards nature, encouraging practices that aim at conservation rather than exploitation. The subject of zoology considers the impact of environmental factors upon different animals and their habitats, developing an appreciation of not only natureThe study of zoology focuses on all kinds of animals. Whether big or small, zoology looks into their biology; the how and why behind their environments; as well as ways to sustain their lives alongside humankind. Through the study of zoology, you can gain an understanding of the natural world and how we can help with conservation. It also offers the opportunity to consider ways to face global challenges such as climate change and food security, trying to find solutions to help both animals and humans alike.,

IKS WORKSHOP UJJAIN, Importance of Zoology in Ancient India from Govt.college,Nagda, ujjain.M.P

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0 Digital Transformation in Higher Education.pptx /slideshow/digital-transformation-in-higher-education-pptx/271092200 digitaltransformationinhighereducation-240818115021-8115b972
The innovative use of digital technologies and tools in education is known as digital education. Engaging learning opportunities can be created by educators by exploring the use of digital technologies. Students and teachers will both benefit from this innovative use of digital technology.]]>
The innovative use of digital technologies and tools in education is known as digital education. Engaging learning opportunities can be created by educators by exploring the use of digital technologies. Students and teachers will both benefit from this innovative use of digital technology.]]> Sun, 18 Aug 2024 11:50:20 GMT /slideshow/digital-transformation-in-higher-education-pptx/271092200 reddysir@slideshare.net(reddysir) Digital Transformation in Higher Education.pptx reddysir The innovative use of digital technologies and tools in education is known as digital education. Engaging learning opportunities can be created by educators by exploring the use of digital technologies. Students and teachers will both benefit from this innovative use of digital technology. <img style="border:1px solid #C3E6D8;float:right;" alt="" src="https://cdn.slidesharecdn.com/ss_thumbnails/digitaltransformationinhighereducation-240818115021-8115b972-thumbnail.jpg?width=120&height=120&fit=bounds" /> The innovative use of digital technologies and tools in education is known as digital education. Engaging learning opportunities can be created by educators by exploring the use of digital technologies. Students and teachers will both benefit from this innovative use of digital technology.

Digital Transformation in Higher Education.pptx from Govt.college,Nagda, ujjain.M.P

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0 Biomarker assessments in Mystus tengara against pollutin stress.pptx /slideshow/biomarker-assessments-in-mystus-tengara-against-pollutin-stresspptx/266347962 biomarkerassessments-240217052331-5801dc95
Water pollution is a threat to aquatic organisms, including fish, and is a global concern for aquatic biodiversity and ecosystem integrity. This study evaluates the effect of waterborne pollutants on Gangetic Mystus (Mystus cavasius) collected from Chambal River at Nagda, Ujjain. Mystus appeared to be a useful biomarker to assess the impact of toxicity of water pollution.]]>
Water pollution is a threat to aquatic organisms, including fish, and is a global concern for aquatic biodiversity and ecosystem integrity. This study evaluates the effect of waterborne pollutants on Gangetic Mystus (Mystus cavasius) collected from Chambal River at Nagda, Ujjain. Mystus appeared to be a useful biomarker to assess the impact of toxicity of water pollution.]]> Sat, 17 Feb 2024 05:23:30 GMT /slideshow/biomarker-assessments-in-mystus-tengara-against-pollutin-stresspptx/266347962 reddysir@slideshare.net(reddysir) Biomarker assessments in Mystus tengara against pollutin stress.pptx reddysir Water pollution is a threat to aquatic organisms, including fish, and is a global concern for aquatic biodiversity and ecosystem integrity. This study evaluates the effect of waterborne pollutants on Gangetic Mystus (Mystus cavasius) collected from Chambal River at Nagda, Ujjain. Mystus appeared to be a useful biomarker to assess the impact of toxicity of water pollution. <img style="border:1px solid #C3E6D8;float:right;" alt="" src="https://cdn.slidesharecdn.com/ss_thumbnails/biomarkerassessments-240217052331-5801dc95-thumbnail.jpg?width=120&height=120&fit=bounds" /> Water pollution is a threat to aquatic organisms, including fish, and is a global concern for aquatic biodiversity and ecosystem integrity. This study evaluates the effect of waterborne pollutants on Gangetic Mystus (Mystus cavasius) collected from Chambal River at Nagda, Ujjain. Mystus appeared to be a useful biomarker to assess the impact of toxicity of water pollution.

Biomarker assessments in Mystus tengara against pollutin stress.pptx from Govt.college,Nagda, ujjain.M.P

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0 Assessment of with reference to water quality in Shivna River at Mandsaur, India /slideshow/assessment-of-with-reference-to-water-quality-in-shivna-river-at-mandsaur-india/266347932 researchtopic-240217051759-07763816
Zooplankton are the animal component of the plankton community. They are heterotrophic, meaning they can't make their own food and must eat other organisms. In particular, they eat phytoplankton, which are generally smaller than zooplankton.11 species of zooplankton were found in the Shivna River. The most abundant species were copepods Oithona similis, Paracalanus sp., and Calanus sinicus.The species composition of zooplankton varies by season. The highest number of species were found in winter, followed by autumn, summer, and spring. The highest abundance of zooplankton was found in summer, and the lowest in post-monsoon.]]>
Zooplankton are the animal component of the plankton community. They are heterotrophic, meaning they can't make their own food and must eat other organisms. In particular, they eat phytoplankton, which are generally smaller than zooplankton.11 species of zooplankton were found in the Shivna River. The most abundant species were copepods Oithona similis, Paracalanus sp., and Calanus sinicus.The species composition of zooplankton varies by season. The highest number of species were found in winter, followed by autumn, summer, and spring. The highest abundance of zooplankton was found in summer, and the lowest in post-monsoon.]]> Sat, 17 Feb 2024 05:17:59 GMT /slideshow/assessment-of-with-reference-to-water-quality-in-shivna-river-at-mandsaur-india/266347932 reddysir@slideshare.net(reddysir) Assessment of with reference to water quality in Shivna River at Mandsaur, India reddysir Zooplankton are the animal component of the plankton community. They are heterotrophic, meaning they can't make their own food and must eat other organisms. In particular, they eat phytoplankton, which are generally smaller than zooplankton.11 species of zooplankton were found in the Shivna River. The most abundant species were copepods Oithona similis, Paracalanus sp., and Calanus sinicus.The species composition of zooplankton varies by season. The highest number of species were found in winter, followed by autumn, summer, and spring. The highest abundance of zooplankton was found in summer, and the lowest in post-monsoon. <img style="border:1px solid #C3E6D8;float:right;" alt="" src="https://cdn.slidesharecdn.com/ss_thumbnails/researchtopic-240217051759-07763816-thumbnail.jpg?width=120&height=120&fit=bounds" /> Zooplankton are the animal component of the plankton community. They are heterotrophic, meaning they can't make their own food and must eat other organisms. In particular, they eat phytoplankton, which are generally smaller than zooplankton.11 species of zooplankton were found in the Shivna River. The most abundant species were copepods Oithona similis, Paracalanus sp., and Calanus sinicus.The species composition of zooplankton varies by season. The highest number of species were found in winter, followed by autumn, summer, and spring. The highest abundance of zooplankton was found in summer, and the lowest in post-monsoon.

Assessment of with reference to water quality in Shivna River at Mandsaur, India from Govt.college,Nagda, ujjain.M.P

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0 Climate change and economic growth.pptx /slideshow/climate-change-and-economic-growthpptx/261818102 climatechangeandeconomicgrowth-231006051159-ed2b42fd
This presentation explores how climate change alters the pursuit of economic development: the transformation of poor economies and their people into prosperous ones. This is hardly the first attempt to reconcile the climate agenda with that of economic development. The United Nations’ Sustainable Development Goals are significant for defining a dual agenda where development targets for people and planet sit alongside each other in a unifying framework.1 Much commentary focuses on the compatibility of the two agendas. A radical and specious view pits progress on climate change and economic development as strict substitutes and calls for no less than the unravelling of economic development to save the planet.2 Cooler heads point instead to their complementarity: the critical role of economic development in supporting adaptation and the recognition that investments in the green transition will propel economies rather than sacrifice living standards.3 In contrast, this essay takes as its starting point that the goals and salience of economic development are immutable. The question posed here is how the quest for economic development changes in a world gripped by a changing climate. The essay argues that climate change will force three major changes: a reappraisal of the causes of and prospects for development, the rebirth of the economics of transition, and a reformulation of the problem development is trying to solve. In a final section, it asks what these changes could mean for international security and for the community of national and global actors who set policy and strategy in this field.]]>
This presentation explores how climate change alters the pursuit of economic development: the transformation of poor economies and their people into prosperous ones. This is hardly the first attempt to reconcile the climate agenda with that of economic development. The United Nations’ Sustainable Development Goals are significant for defining a dual agenda where development targets for people and planet sit alongside each other in a unifying framework.1 Much commentary focuses on the compatibility of the two agendas. A radical and specious view pits progress on climate change and economic development as strict substitutes and calls for no less than the unravelling of economic development to save the planet.2 Cooler heads point instead to their complementarity: the critical role of economic development in supporting adaptation and the recognition that investments in the green transition will propel economies rather than sacrifice living standards.3 In contrast, this essay takes as its starting point that the goals and salience of economic development are immutable. The question posed here is how the quest for economic development changes in a world gripped by a changing climate. The essay argues that climate change will force three major changes: a reappraisal of the causes of and prospects for development, the rebirth of the economics of transition, and a reformulation of the problem development is trying to solve. In a final section, it asks what these changes could mean for international security and for the community of national and global actors who set policy and strategy in this field.]]> Fri, 06 Oct 2023 05:11:59 GMT /slideshow/climate-change-and-economic-growthpptx/261818102 reddysir@slideshare.net(reddysir) Climate change and economic growth.pptx reddysir This presentation explores how climate change alters the pursuit of economic development: the transformation of poor economies and their people into prosperous ones. This is hardly the first attempt to reconcile the climate agenda with that of economic development. The United Nations’ Sustainable Development Goals are significant for defining a dual agenda where development targets for people and planet sit alongside each other in a unifying framework.1 Much commentary focuses on the compatibility of the two agendas. A radical and specious view pits progress on climate change and economic development as strict substitutes and calls for no less than the unravelling of economic development to save the planet.2 Cooler heads point instead to their complementarity: the critical role of economic development in supporting adaptation and the recognition that investments in the green transition will propel economies rather than sacrifice living standards.3 In contrast, this essay takes as its starting point that the goals and salience of economic development are immutable. The question posed here is how the quest for economic development changes in a world gripped by a changing climate. The essay argues that climate change will force three major changes: a reappraisal of the causes of and prospects for development, the rebirth of the economics of transition, and a reformulation of the problem development is trying to solve. In a final section, it asks what these changes could mean for international security and for the community of national and global actors who set policy and strategy in this field. <img style="border:1px solid #C3E6D8;float:right;" alt="" src="https://cdn.slidesharecdn.com/ss_thumbnails/climatechangeandeconomicgrowth-231006051159-ed2b42fd-thumbnail.jpg?width=120&height=120&fit=bounds" /> This presentation explores how climate change alters the pursuit of economic development: the transformation of poor economies and their people into prosperous ones. This is hardly the first attempt to reconcile the climate agenda with that of economic development. The United Nations’ Sustainable Development Goals are significant for defining a dual agenda where development targets for people and planet sit alongside each other in a unifying framework.1 Much commentary focuses on the compatibility of the two agendas. A radical and specious view pits progress on climate change and economic development as strict substitutes and calls for no less than the unravelling of economic development to save the planet.2 Cooler heads point instead to their complementarity: the critical role of economic development in supporting adaptation and the recognition that investments in the green transition will propel economies rather than sacrifice living standards.3 In contrast, this essay takes as its starting point that the goals and salience of economic development are immutable. The question posed here is how the quest for economic development changes in a world gripped by a changing climate. The essay argues that climate change will force three major changes: a reappraisal of the causes of and prospects for development, the rebirth of the economics of transition, and a reformulation of the problem development is trying to solve. In a final section, it asks what these changes could mean for international security and for the community of national and global actors who set policy and strategy in this field.

Climate change and economic growth.pptx from Govt.college,Nagda, ujjain.M.P

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0 Climate change 2-3-21.pptx /slideshow/climate-change-2321pptx/261817794 climatechange2-3-21-231006045252-9c28b1e4
Climate change refers to long-term shifts in temperatures and weather patterns. Such shifts can be natural, due to changes in the sun’s activity or large volcanic eruptions. But since the 1800s, human activities have been the main driver of climate change, primarily due to the burning of fossil fuels like coal, oil and gas. Burning fossil fuels generates greenhouse gas emissions that act like a blanket wrapped around the Earth, trapping the sun’s heat and raising temperatures. The main greenhouse gases that are causing climate change include carbon dioxide and methane. These come from using gasoline for driving a car or coal for heating a building, for example. Clearing land and cutting down forests can also release carbon dioxide. Agriculture, oil and gas operations are major sources of methane emissions. Energy, industry, transport, buildings, agriculture and land use are among the main sectors causing greenhouse gases.]]>
Climate change refers to long-term shifts in temperatures and weather patterns. Such shifts can be natural, due to changes in the sun’s activity or large volcanic eruptions. But since the 1800s, human activities have been the main driver of climate change, primarily due to the burning of fossil fuels like coal, oil and gas. Burning fossil fuels generates greenhouse gas emissions that act like a blanket wrapped around the Earth, trapping the sun’s heat and raising temperatures. The main greenhouse gases that are causing climate change include carbon dioxide and methane. These come from using gasoline for driving a car or coal for heating a building, for example. Clearing land and cutting down forests can also release carbon dioxide. Agriculture, oil and gas operations are major sources of methane emissions. Energy, industry, transport, buildings, agriculture and land use are among the main sectors causing greenhouse gases.]]> Fri, 06 Oct 2023 04:52:52 GMT /slideshow/climate-change-2321pptx/261817794 reddysir@slideshare.net(reddysir) Climate change 2-3-21.pptx reddysir Climate change refers to long-term shifts in temperatures and weather patterns. Such shifts can be natural, due to changes in the sun’s activity or large volcanic eruptions. But since the 1800s, human activities have been the main driver of climate change, primarily due to the burning of fossil fuels like coal, oil and gas. Burning fossil fuels generates greenhouse gas emissions that act like a blanket wrapped around the Earth, trapping the sun’s heat and raising temperatures. The main greenhouse gases that are causing climate change include carbon dioxide and methane. These come from using gasoline for driving a car or coal for heating a building, for example. Clearing land and cutting down forests can also release carbon dioxide. Agriculture, oil and gas operations are major sources of methane emissions. Energy, industry, transport, buildings, agriculture and land use are among the main sectors causing greenhouse gases. <img style="border:1px solid #C3E6D8;float:right;" alt="" src="https://cdn.slidesharecdn.com/ss_thumbnails/climatechange2-3-21-231006045252-9c28b1e4-thumbnail.jpg?width=120&height=120&fit=bounds" /> Climate change refers to long-term shifts in temperatures and weather patterns. Such shifts can be natural, due to changes in the sun’s activity or large volcanic eruptions. But since the 1800s, human activities have been the main driver of climate change, primarily due to the burning of fossil fuels like coal, oil and gas. Burning fossil fuels generates greenhouse gas emissions that act like a blanket wrapped around the Earth, trapping the sun’s heat and raising temperatures. The main greenhouse gases that are causing climate change include carbon dioxide and methane. These come from using gasoline for driving a car or coal for heating a building, for example. Clearing land and cutting down forests can also release carbon dioxide. Agriculture, oil and gas operations are major sources of methane emissions. Energy, industry, transport, buildings, agriculture and land use are among the main sectors causing greenhouse gases.

Climate change 2-3-21.pptx from Govt.college,Nagda, ujjain.M.P

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0 Antibiotic Resistance Scenario in India /slideshow/antibiotic-resistance-scenario-in-india/261817692 bangkok09-08-2023-231006044748-39be2d58
In India, bacteria that cause common infections, such as urinary tract and bloodstream infections, are becoming resistant to nearly all antibiotics. This resistance is due to a combination of factors: uncontrolled access to antibiotics, gaps in infection prevention and control (IPC) practices, and high rates of communicable diseases. Antibiotic resistance, or AR, is a serious problem throughout the country, and threatens to reduce the usefulness of antibiotics both in India and around the world. Because of this emerging threat, India is committed to slowing the spread of AR. Two institutions within India’s Ministry of Health – the Indian Council of Medical Research and National Centre for Disease Control – each developed national networks of public and private hospitals to measure AR trends, prevent healthcare-associated infections (HAIs), and enhance appropriate use of antibiotics. The All India Institute of Medical Sciences is coordinating HAI measurement and prevention efforts in both networks. In addition, efforts in the state of Tamil Nadu focus on building district-level IPC capacity to prevent HAIs, focusing on maternal and neonatal patients. The Indian Governamnet is is working closely with partners at the national and state level to: Detect AR pathogens, including novel strains, by developing lab networks and lab expertise. Use standardized surveillance to monitor and track AR infections in healthcare to learn how often these infections occur and to help develop strategies to prevent them. Implement focused IPC activities and training. Optimize use and reduce misuse of critical antibiotics through antibiotic stewardship programs.]]>
In India, bacteria that cause common infections, such as urinary tract and bloodstream infections, are becoming resistant to nearly all antibiotics. This resistance is due to a combination of factors: uncontrolled access to antibiotics, gaps in infection prevention and control (IPC) practices, and high rates of communicable diseases. Antibiotic resistance, or AR, is a serious problem throughout the country, and threatens to reduce the usefulness of antibiotics both in India and around the world. Because of this emerging threat, India is committed to slowing the spread of AR. Two institutions within India’s Ministry of Health – the Indian Council of Medical Research and National Centre for Disease Control – each developed national networks of public and private hospitals to measure AR trends, prevent healthcare-associated infections (HAIs), and enhance appropriate use of antibiotics. The All India Institute of Medical Sciences is coordinating HAI measurement and prevention efforts in both networks. In addition, efforts in the state of Tamil Nadu focus on building district-level IPC capacity to prevent HAIs, focusing on maternal and neonatal patients. The Indian Governamnet is is working closely with partners at the national and state level to: Detect AR pathogens, including novel strains, by developing lab networks and lab expertise. Use standardized surveillance to monitor and track AR infections in healthcare to learn how often these infections occur and to help develop strategies to prevent them. Implement focused IPC activities and training. Optimize use and reduce misuse of critical antibiotics through antibiotic stewardship programs.]]> Fri, 06 Oct 2023 04:47:48 GMT /slideshow/antibiotic-resistance-scenario-in-india/261817692 reddysir@slideshare.net(reddysir) Antibiotic Resistance Scenario in India reddysir In India, bacteria that cause common infections, such as urinary tract and bloodstream infections, are becoming resistant to nearly all antibiotics. This resistance is due to a combination of factors: uncontrolled access to antibiotics, gaps in infection prevention and control (IPC) practices, and high rates of communicable diseases. Antibiotic resistance, or AR, is a serious problem throughout the country, and threatens to reduce the usefulness of antibiotics both in India and around the world. Because of this emerging threat, India is committed to slowing the spread of AR. Two institutions within India’s Ministry of Health – the Indian Council of Medical Research and National Centre for Disease Control – each developed national networks of public and private hospitals to measure AR trends, prevent healthcare-associated infections (HAIs), and enhance appropriate use of antibiotics. The All India Institute of Medical Sciences is coordinating HAI measurement and prevention efforts in both networks. In addition, efforts in the state of Tamil Nadu focus on building district-level IPC capacity to prevent HAIs, focusing on maternal and neonatal patients. The Indian Governamnet is is working closely with partners at the national and state level to: Detect AR pathogens, including novel strains, by developing lab networks and lab expertise. Use standardized surveillance to monitor and track AR infections in healthcare to learn how often these infections occur and to help develop strategies to prevent them. Implement focused IPC activities and training. Optimize use and reduce misuse of critical antibiotics through antibiotic stewardship programs. <img style="border:1px solid #C3E6D8;float:right;" alt="" src="https://cdn.slidesharecdn.com/ss_thumbnails/bangkok09-08-2023-231006044748-39be2d58-thumbnail.jpg?width=120&height=120&fit=bounds" /> In India, bacteria that cause common infections, such as urinary tract and bloodstream infections, are becoming resistant to nearly all antibiotics. This resistance is due to a combination of factors: uncontrolled access to antibiotics, gaps in infection prevention and control (IPC) practices, and high rates of communicable diseases. Antibiotic resistance, or AR, is a serious problem throughout the country, and threatens to reduce the usefulness of antibiotics both in India and around the world. Because of this emerging threat, India is committed to slowing the spread of AR. Two institutions within India’s Ministry of Health – the Indian Council of Medical Research and National Centre for Disease Control – each developed national networks of public and private hospitals to measure AR trends, prevent healthcare-associated infections (HAIs), and enhance appropriate use of antibiotics. The All India Institute of Medical Sciences is coordinating HAI measurement and prevention efforts in both networks. In addition, efforts in the state of Tamil Nadu focus on building district-level IPC capacity to prevent HAIs, focusing on maternal and neonatal patients. The Indian Governamnet is is working closely with partners at the national and state level to: Detect AR pathogens, including novel strains, by developing lab networks and lab expertise. Use standardized surveillance to monitor and track AR infections in healthcare to learn how often these infections occur and to help develop strategies to prevent them. Implement focused IPC activities and training. Optimize use and reduce misuse of critical antibiotics through antibiotic stewardship programs.

Antibiotic Resistance Scenario in India from Govt.college,Nagda, ujjain.M.P

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0 Sagar presentation.pptx /slideshow/sagar-presentationpptx-258871798/258871798 sagarpresentation-230704101113-3eb5a810
Recent trends in education and policies]]>
Recent trends in education and policies]]> Tue, 04 Jul 2023 10:11:13 GMT /slideshow/sagar-presentationpptx-258871798/258871798 reddysir@slideshare.net(reddysir) Sagar presentation.pptx reddysir Recent trends in education and policies <img style="border:1px solid #C3E6D8;float:right;" alt="" src="https://cdn.slidesharecdn.com/ss_thumbnails/sagarpresentation-230704101113-3eb5a810-thumbnail.jpg?width=120&height=120&fit=bounds" /> Recent trends in education and policies

Sagar presentation.pptx from Govt.college,Nagda, ujjain.M.P

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0 Physiological and histopathological effects of Bisphenol A.pptx /slideshow/physiological-and-histopathological-effects-of-bisphenol-apptx/255476894 physiologicalandhistopathologicaleffectsofbisphenola-230123083100-7c6c1102
Physiological and histopathological effects of Bisphenol A .Bisphenol A is less soluble in water. For that reason, dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) was used as a medium to obtain proper distribution in the test solution (Chen, J., et al, 2015). Working solution of commercial grade Bisphenol A (97% pure) was prepared by dilution of stock solution double distilled water immediately prior to experimental use. Serial dilutions of the stock solution were prepared using previously aerated, copper free and stored tap water. The water was continuously aerated. This was prepared by dissolving BPA (50mg) in 100ml of DMSO and the desired concentrations of BPA in tap water were prepared by adding appropriate volumes of this stock solution into test aquarium. A static non-renewable bioassay was conducted in triplicate for each concentration with four animals in each tub. No water exchange was done and the fishes were not fed during the period of the experiment. Percentage mortality was recorded at 12, 24, 48, 72 and 96 h interval. Control group was subjected to acetone at the maximum acetone volume used in the dilution of the dose concentrations. The range of LC50 for H.fossilis (mean wt. 36.78 g) under given conditions was determined to lie between 5 and 10 mg/L for BPA. Hence, for the definitive test, concentrations such as 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, and 14 mg/L of BPA concentration were selected. The test was conducted in triplicate for each concentration with 10 fishes in each tank. At the end of 96 h, the fishes that had survived were anesthetized with clove oil at 100 mg/L, sampled for blood, and processed for hematological analysis. The data obtained from the experiment was processed by probit analysis using a Microsoft Excel computer program. ]]>
Physiological and histopathological effects of Bisphenol A .Bisphenol A is less soluble in water. For that reason, dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) was used as a medium to obtain proper distribution in the test solution (Chen, J., et al, 2015). Working solution of commercial grade Bisphenol A (97% pure) was prepared by dilution of stock solution double distilled water immediately prior to experimental use. Serial dilutions of the stock solution were prepared using previously aerated, copper free and stored tap water. The water was continuously aerated. This was prepared by dissolving BPA (50mg) in 100ml of DMSO and the desired concentrations of BPA in tap water were prepared by adding appropriate volumes of this stock solution into test aquarium. A static non-renewable bioassay was conducted in triplicate for each concentration with four animals in each tub. No water exchange was done and the fishes were not fed during the period of the experiment. Percentage mortality was recorded at 12, 24, 48, 72 and 96 h interval. Control group was subjected to acetone at the maximum acetone volume used in the dilution of the dose concentrations. The range of LC50 for H.fossilis (mean wt. 36.78 g) under given conditions was determined to lie between 5 and 10 mg/L for BPA. Hence, for the definitive test, concentrations such as 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, and 14 mg/L of BPA concentration were selected. The test was conducted in triplicate for each concentration with 10 fishes in each tank. At the end of 96 h, the fishes that had survived were anesthetized with clove oil at 100 mg/L, sampled for blood, and processed for hematological analysis. The data obtained from the experiment was processed by probit analysis using a Microsoft Excel computer program. ]]> Mon, 23 Jan 2023 08:31:00 GMT /slideshow/physiological-and-histopathological-effects-of-bisphenol-apptx/255476894 reddysir@slideshare.net(reddysir) Physiological and histopathological effects of Bisphenol A.pptx reddysir Physiological and histopathological effects of Bisphenol A .Bisphenol A is less soluble in water. For that reason, dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) was used as a medium to obtain proper distribution in the test solution (Chen, J., et al, 2015). Working solution of commercial grade Bisphenol A (97% pure) was prepared by dilution of stock solution double distilled water immediately prior to experimental use. Serial dilutions of the stock solution were prepared using previously aerated, copper free and stored tap water. The water was continuously aerated. This was prepared by dissolving BPA (50mg) in 100ml of DMSO and the desired concentrations of BPA in tap water were prepared by adding appropriate volumes of this stock solution into test aquarium. A static non-renewable bioassay was conducted in triplicate for each concentration with four animals in each tub. No water exchange was done and the fishes were not fed during the period of the experiment. Percentage mortality was recorded at 12, 24, 48, 72 and 96 h interval. Control group was subjected to acetone at the maximum acetone volume used in the dilution of the dose concentrations. The range of LC50 for H.fossilis (mean wt. 36.78 g) under given conditions was determined to lie between 5 and 10 mg/L for BPA. Hence, for the definitive test, concentrations such as 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, and 14 mg/L of BPA concentration were selected. The test was conducted in triplicate for each concentration with 10 fishes in each tank. At the end of 96 h, the fishes that had survived were anesthetized with clove oil at 100 mg/L, sampled for blood, and processed for hematological analysis. The data obtained from the experiment was processed by probit analysis using a Microsoft Excel computer program. <img style="border:1px solid #C3E6D8;float:right;" alt="" src="https://cdn.slidesharecdn.com/ss_thumbnails/physiologicalandhistopathologicaleffectsofbisphenola-230123083100-7c6c1102-thumbnail.jpg?width=120&height=120&fit=bounds" /> Physiological and histopathological effects of Bisphenol A .Bisphenol A is less soluble in water. For that reason, dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) was used as a medium to obtain proper distribution in the test solution (Chen, J., et al, 2015). Working solution of commercial grade Bisphenol A (97% pure) was prepared by dilution of stock solution double distilled water immediately prior to experimental use. Serial dilutions of the stock solution were prepared using previously aerated, copper free and stored tap water. The water was continuously aerated. This was prepared by dissolving BPA (50mg) in 100ml of DMSO and the desired concentrations of BPA in tap water were prepared by adding appropriate volumes of this stock solution into test aquarium. A static non-renewable bioassay was conducted in triplicate for each concentration with four animals in each tub. No water exchange was done and the fishes were not fed during the period of the experiment. Percentage mortality was recorded at 12, 24, 48, 72 and 96 h interval. Control group was subjected to acetone at the maximum acetone volume used in the dilution of the dose concentrations. The range of LC50 for H.fossilis (mean wt. 36.78 g) under given conditions was determined to lie between 5 and 10 mg/L for BPA. Hence, for the definitive test, concentrations such as 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, and 14 mg/L of BPA concentration were selected. The test was conducted in triplicate for each concentration with 10 fishes in each tank. At the end of 96 h, the fishes that had survived were anesthetized with clove oil at 100 mg/L, sampled for blood, and processed for hematological analysis. The data obtained from the experiment was processed by probit analysis using a Microsoft Excel computer program.

Physiological and histopathological effects of Bisphenol A.pptx from Govt.college,Nagda, ujjain.M.P

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0 water pollution.pptx /slideshow/water-pollutionpptx-255121383/255121383 waterpollution-230103104301-270fcd74
When pollutants are discharged from a specific location such as a drain pipe carrying industrial effluents discharged directly into a water body it represents point source pollution. In contrast, non-point sources include discharge of pollutants from diffused sources or from a larger area such as runoff from agricultural fields, grazing lands, construction sites, abandoned mines and pits, etc. ]]>
When pollutants are discharged from a specific location such as a drain pipe carrying industrial effluents discharged directly into a water body it represents point source pollution. In contrast, non-point sources include discharge of pollutants from diffused sources or from a larger area such as runoff from agricultural fields, grazing lands, construction sites, abandoned mines and pits, etc. ]]> Tue, 03 Jan 2023 10:43:01 GMT /slideshow/water-pollutionpptx-255121383/255121383 reddysir@slideshare.net(reddysir) water pollution.pptx reddysir When pollutants are discharged from a specific location such as a drain pipe carrying industrial effluents discharged directly into a water body it represents point source pollution. In contrast, non-point sources include discharge of pollutants from diffused sources or from a larger area such as runoff from agricultural fields, grazing lands, construction sites, abandoned mines and pits, etc. <img style="border:1px solid #C3E6D8;float:right;" alt="" src="https://cdn.slidesharecdn.com/ss_thumbnails/waterpollution-230103104301-270fcd74-thumbnail.jpg?width=120&height=120&fit=bounds" /> When pollutants are discharged from a specific location such as a drain pipe carrying industrial effluents discharged directly into a water body it represents point source pollution. In contrast, non-point sources include discharge of pollutants from diffused sources or from a larger area such as runoff from agricultural fields, grazing lands, construction sites, abandoned mines and pits, etc.

water pollution.pptx from Govt.college,Nagda, ujjain.M.P

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0 Reddy 4-0.pptx /slideshow/reddy-40pptx/255121298 reddy4-0-230103103715-bb2d1aef
Education redesigining and transformation is required to meet the challenges of Industry 4.0 in India. nIssues and challenges are disused ]]>
Education redesigining and transformation is required to meet the challenges of Industry 4.0 in India. nIssues and challenges are disused ]]> Tue, 03 Jan 2023 10:37:14 GMT /slideshow/reddy-40pptx/255121298 reddysir@slideshare.net(reddysir) Reddy 4-0.pptx reddysir Education redesigining and transformation is required to meet the challenges of Industry 4.0 in India. nIssues and challenges are disused <img style="border:1px solid #C3E6D8;float:right;" alt="" src="https://cdn.slidesharecdn.com/ss_thumbnails/reddy4-0-230103103715-bb2d1aef-thumbnail.jpg?width=120&height=120&fit=bounds" /> Education redesigining and transformation is required to meet the challenges of Industry 4.0 in India. nIssues and challenges are disused

Reddy 4-0.pptx from Govt.college,Nagda, ujjain.M.P

]]> 60 0 https://cdn.slidesharecdn.com/ss_thumbnails/reddy4-0-230103103715-bb2d1aef-thumbnail.jpg?width=120&height=120&fit=bounds presentation Black http://activitystrea.ms/schema/1.0/post

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0 Good health and well being SDG3.pptx /slideshow/good-health-and-well-being-sdg3pptx/254480337 goodhealthandwellbeingsdg3-221125043703-512da596
Targets of Sustainable Development Goal 3 WHO Framework Convention on Tobacco Control; support research, development and universal access to affordable vaccines and medicines; increase health financing and support health workforce in developing countries]]>
Targets of Sustainable Development Goal 3 WHO Framework Convention on Tobacco Control; support research, development and universal access to affordable vaccines and medicines; increase health financing and support health workforce in developing countries]]> Fri, 25 Nov 2022 04:37:03 GMT /slideshow/good-health-and-well-being-sdg3pptx/254480337 reddysir@slideshare.net(reddysir) Good health and well being SDG3.pptx reddysir Targets of Sustainable Development Goal 3 WHO Framework Convention on Tobacco Control; support research, development and universal access to affordable vaccines and medicines; increase health financing and support health workforce in developing countries <img style="border:1px solid #C3E6D8;float:right;" alt="" src="https://cdn.slidesharecdn.com/ss_thumbnails/goodhealthandwellbeingsdg3-221125043703-512da596-thumbnail.jpg?width=120&height=120&fit=bounds" /> Targets of Sustainable Development Goal 3 WHO Framework Convention on Tobacco Control; support research, development and universal access to affordable vaccines and medicines; increase health financing and support health workforce in developing countries

Good health and well being SDG3.pptx from Govt.college,Nagda, ujjain.M.P

]]> 318 0 https://cdn.slidesharecdn.com/ss_thumbnails/goodhealthandwellbeingsdg3-221125043703-512da596-thumbnail.jpg?width=120&height=120&fit=bounds presentation Black http://activitystrea.ms/schema/1.0/post

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0 Bhawna presentation.pptx /slideshow/bhawna-presentationpptx/254480282 bhawnapresentation-221125043202-e3ae20f6
Revoke of IPR licenses given to PepsiCo and farmers implication ]]>
Revoke of IPR licenses given to PepsiCo and farmers implication ]]> Fri, 25 Nov 2022 04:32:02 GMT /slideshow/bhawna-presentationpptx/254480282 reddysir@slideshare.net(reddysir) Bhawna presentation.pptx reddysir Revoke of IPR licenses given to PepsiCo and farmers implication <img style="border:1px solid #C3E6D8;float:right;" alt="" src="https://cdn.slidesharecdn.com/ss_thumbnails/bhawnapresentation-221125043202-e3ae20f6-thumbnail.jpg?width=120&height=120&fit=bounds" /> Revoke of IPR licenses given to PepsiCo and farmers implication

Bhawna presentation.pptx from Govt.college,Nagda, ujjain.M.P

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0 PIPARIYA.pptx /reddysir/pipariyapptx pipariya-221113065418-f8aa3903
Responses of immune system against covid-19 and other infections]]>
Responses of immune system against covid-19 and other infections]]> Sun, 13 Nov 2022 06:54:18 GMT /reddysir/pipariyapptx reddysir@slideshare.net(reddysir) PIPARIYA.pptx reddysir Responses of immune system against covid-19 and other infections <img style="border:1px solid #C3E6D8;float:right;" alt="" src="https://cdn.slidesharecdn.com/ss_thumbnails/pipariya-221113065418-f8aa3903-thumbnail.jpg?width=120&height=120&fit=bounds" /> Responses of immune system against covid-19 and other infections

PIPARIYA.pptx from Govt.college,Nagda, ujjain.M.P

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0 Country rankings.pptx /slideshow/country-rankingspptx/254148375 countryrankings-221112101215-cc4cc552
Innovation index analysis]]>
Innovation index analysis]]> Sat, 12 Nov 2022 10:12:15 GMT /slideshow/country-rankingspptx/254148375 reddysir@slideshare.net(reddysir) Country rankings.pptx reddysir Innovation index analysis <img style="border:1px solid #C3E6D8;float:right;" alt="" src="https://cdn.slidesharecdn.com/ss_thumbnails/countryrankings-221112101215-cc4cc552-thumbnail.jpg?width=120&height=120&fit=bounds" /> Innovation index analysis

Country rankings.pptx from Govt.college,Nagda, ujjain.M.P

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0 Career in Zoology.ppt /slideshow/career-in-zoologyppt/252693413 careerinzoology-220825070329-df650a13
OPPERTUNITIES AND CAREERS IN ZOOLOGY AND LIFE SCIENCES]]>
OPPERTUNITIES AND CAREERS IN ZOOLOGY AND LIFE SCIENCES]]> Thu, 25 Aug 2022 07:03:29 GMT /slideshow/career-in-zoologyppt/252693413 reddysir@slideshare.net(reddysir) Career in Zoology.ppt reddysir OPPERTUNITIES AND CAREERS IN ZOOLOGY AND LIFE SCIENCES <img style="border:1px solid #C3E6D8;float:right;" alt="" src="https://cdn.slidesharecdn.com/ss_thumbnails/careerinzoology-220825070329-df650a13-thumbnail.jpg?width=120&height=120&fit=bounds" /> OPPERTUNITIES AND CAREERS IN ZOOLOGY AND LIFE SCIENCES

Career in Zoology.ppt from Govt.college,Nagda, ujjain.M.P

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0 Concepts of toxicology /slideshow/concepts-of-toxicology/241711477 conceptsoftoxicology-210122152755
INTRODUCTION Toxicology is the science of the poisons. It also studies the nature, effects, detection, assessment and treatment of their effects on biological material. Toxicology is a multidisciplinary science. The ultimate objective of the combined research is to determine how an organism is affected by exposure to an agent. This includes an understanding of: How the agent moves and interact with living cells and tissues of the organism; What parts of the organism are affected by its presence and health outcomes of this exposure. Evaluation of the toxicity of substances whose biological effects may not have been well characterized. The influence of chemical toxicity is mainly determined by the dosage, duration of exposure, route of exposure, species, age, sex, and environment. The goal of toxicology is to contribute to the general knowledge and harmful actions of chemical substances. 2. to study their mechanisms of action, 3. and to estimate their possible risks to humans HISTORY Dioscorides, a Greek physician in the court of the Roman emperor Nero, made the first attempt to classify plants according to their toxic and therapeutic effect. Poisonous plants and animals were recognized and their extracts used for hunting or in warfare. In 1500 BC people used hemlock, opium, arrow poisons, and certain metals to poison enemies or for state executions. Theophrastus Phillipus Auroleus Bombastus von Hohenheim (1493–1541) (also referred to as Paracelsus, a Roman physician from the first century) is considered "the father" of toxicology. He stated that "All things are poisonous and nothing is without poison; only the dose makes a thing not poisonous.“ Mathieu Orfila (1813) is considered the modern father of toxicology. In 1850, Jean Stas became the first person to successfully isolate plant poisons from human tissue. Hippolyte Visart de Bocarmé used nicotine to kill his brother-in-law. He extracted nicotine from tobacco leaves. The 20th and 21st Centuries have marked by great advancements in the level of understanding of toxicology. DNA and various biochemicals that maintain body functions have been discovered. Our level of knowledge of toxic effects on organs and cells has expanded to the molecular level. ]]>
INTRODUCTION Toxicology is the science of the poisons. It also studies the nature, effects, detection, assessment and treatment of their effects on biological material. Toxicology is a multidisciplinary science. The ultimate objective of the combined research is to determine how an organism is affected by exposure to an agent. This includes an understanding of: How the agent moves and interact with living cells and tissues of the organism; What parts of the organism are affected by its presence and health outcomes of this exposure. Evaluation of the toxicity of substances whose biological effects may not have been well characterized. The influence of chemical toxicity is mainly determined by the dosage, duration of exposure, route of exposure, species, age, sex, and environment. The goal of toxicology is to contribute to the general knowledge and harmful actions of chemical substances. 2. to study their mechanisms of action, 3. and to estimate their possible risks to humans HISTORY Dioscorides, a Greek physician in the court of the Roman emperor Nero, made the first attempt to classify plants according to their toxic and therapeutic effect. Poisonous plants and animals were recognized and their extracts used for hunting or in warfare. In 1500 BC people used hemlock, opium, arrow poisons, and certain metals to poison enemies or for state executions. Theophrastus Phillipus Auroleus Bombastus von Hohenheim (1493–1541) (also referred to as Paracelsus, a Roman physician from the first century) is considered "the father" of toxicology. He stated that "All things are poisonous and nothing is without poison; only the dose makes a thing not poisonous.“ Mathieu Orfila (1813) is considered the modern father of toxicology. In 1850, Jean Stas became the first person to successfully isolate plant poisons from human tissue. Hippolyte Visart de Bocarmé used nicotine to kill his brother-in-law. He extracted nicotine from tobacco leaves. The 20th and 21st Centuries have marked by great advancements in the level of understanding of toxicology. DNA and various biochemicals that maintain body functions have been discovered. Our level of knowledge of toxic effects on organs and cells has expanded to the molecular level. ]]> Fri, 22 Jan 2021 15:27:55 GMT /slideshow/concepts-of-toxicology/241711477 reddysir@slideshare.net(reddysir) Concepts of toxicology reddysir INTRODUCTION Toxicology is the science of the poisons. It also studies the nature, effects, detection, assessment and treatment of their effects on biological material. Toxicology is a multidisciplinary science. The ultimate objective of the combined research is to determine how an organism is affected by exposure to an agent. This includes an understanding of: How the agent moves and interact with living cells and tissues of the organism; What parts of the organism are affected by its presence and health outcomes of this exposure. Evaluation of the toxicity of substances whose biological effects may not have been well characterized. The influence of chemical toxicity is mainly determined by the dosage, duration of exposure, route of exposure, species, age, sex, and environment. The goal of toxicology is to contribute to the general knowledge and harmful actions of chemical substances. 2. to study their mechanisms of action, 3. and to estimate their possible risks to humans HISTORY Dioscorides, a Greek physician in the court of the Roman emperor Nero, made the first attempt to classify plants according to their toxic and therapeutic effect. Poisonous plants and animals were recognized and their extracts used for hunting or in warfare. In 1500 BC people used hemlock, opium, arrow poisons, and certain metals to poison enemies or for state executions. Theophrastus Phillipus Auroleus Bombastus von Hohenheim (1493–1541) (also referred to as Paracelsus, a Roman physician from the first century) is considered "the father" of toxicology. He stated that "All things are poisonous and nothing is without poison; only the dose makes a thing not poisonous.“ Mathieu Orfila (1813) is considered the modern father of toxicology. In 1850, Jean Stas became the first person to successfully isolate plant poisons from human tissue. Hippolyte Visart de Bocarmé used nicotine to kill his brother-in-law. He extracted nicotine from tobacco leaves. The 20th and 21st Centuries have marked by great advancements in the level of understanding of toxicology. DNA and various biochemicals that maintain body functions have been discovered. Our level of knowledge of toxic effects on organs and cells has expanded to the molecular level. <img style="border:1px solid #C3E6D8;float:right;" alt="" src="https://cdn.slidesharecdn.com/ss_thumbnails/conceptsoftoxicology-210122152755-thumbnail.jpg?width=120&height=120&fit=bounds" /> INTRODUCTION Toxicology is the science of the poisons. It also studies the nature, effects, detection, assessment and treatment of their effects on biological material. Toxicology is a multidisciplinary science. The ultimate objective of the combined research is to determine how an organism is affected by exposure to an agent. This includes an understanding of: How the agent moves and interact with living cells and tissues of the organism; What parts of the organism are affected by its presence and health outcomes of this exposure. Evaluation of the toxicity of substances whose biological effects may not have been well characterized. The influence of chemical toxicity is mainly determined by the dosage, duration of exposure, route of exposure, species, age, sex, and environment. The goal of toxicology is to contribute to the general knowledge and harmful actions of chemical substances. 2. to study their mechanisms of action, 3. and to estimate their possible risks to humans HISTORY Dioscorides, a Greek physician in the court of the Roman emperor Nero, made the first attempt to classify plants according to their toxic and therapeutic effect. Poisonous plants and animals were recognized and their extracts used for hunting or in warfare. In 1500 BC people used hemlock, opium, arrow poisons, and certain metals to poison enemies or for state executions. Theophrastus Phillipus Auroleus Bombastus von Hohenheim (1493–1541) (also referred to as Paracelsus, a Roman physician from the first century) is considered "the father" of toxicology. He stated that "All things are poisonous and nothing is without poison; only the dose makes a thing not poisonous.“ Mathieu Orfila (1813) is considered the modern father of toxicology. In 1850, Jean Stas became the first person to successfully isolate plant poisons from human tissue. Hippolyte Visart de Bocarmé used nicotine to kill his brother-in-law. He extracted nicotine from tobacco leaves. The 20th and 21st Centuries have marked by great advancements in the level of understanding of toxicology. DNA and various biochemicals that maintain body functions have been discovered. Our level of knowledge of toxic effects on organs and cells has expanded to the molecular level.

Concepts of toxicology from Govt.college,Nagda, ujjain.M.P

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0 Gnathostomata /slideshow/gnathostomata/241092013 gnathostomata-210108153736
Introduction Gnathostomata are the jawed vertebrates. (gnathos= "jaw" + (stoma)="mouth". It comprises roughly 60,000 species. (99% of all living vertebrates). Living gnathostomes have teeth, and paired appendages. A horizontal semicircular canal is present in the inner ear. Myelin sheaths is present on the neurons. Adaptive immune system uses V(D) J recombination ( it is the mechanism of somatic recombination that occurs only in developing lymphocytes during the early stages of T and B cell maturation. VDJ recombination is the process by which T cells and B cells randomly assemble different gene segments – known as variable (V), diversity (D) and joining (J) genes – in order to generate unique receptors (known as antigen receptors) that can collectively recognize many different types of molecule. While Agnatha (petromyzon and hagfish) use genetic recombination in the variable lymphocyte receptor gene. It is now assumed that Gnathostomata evolved from ancestors that already possessed a pair of both pectoral and pelvic fins. In addition to this, some placoderms were shown to have a third pair of paired appendages, that had been modified to claspers in males and basal plates in females—a pattern not seen in any other vertebrate group. It is believed that the jaws evolved from anterior gill support arches that had acquired a new role, being modified to pump water over the gills by opening and closing the mouth more effectively – the buccal pump mechanism. Presence of Calcified, bony skull and vertebra are the characteristic features of Gnathostomata (fishes, amphibians, reptiles, birds and mammals). Pelvic fins are situated just in front of the anus. Interventrals and basiventrals present in the backbone. These are the elements of the backbone which lie under the notochord, and match the basidorsals and interdorsals respectively. Gill arches which lie internally to the gills and branchial blood vessels, contrary to the gill arches of all jawless craniates, which are external to the gills and blood vessels. A horizontal semicircular canal in the inner ear. Paired nasal sacs which are independent from the hypophysial tube. There are numerous other characteristics of the soft anatomy and physiology (e.g. myelinated nerve fibres, sperms passing through urinary ducts, etc.), which are unique to the gnathostomes among extant craniates, but cannot by observed in fossils. ]]>
Introduction Gnathostomata are the jawed vertebrates. (gnathos= "jaw" + (stoma)="mouth". It comprises roughly 60,000 species. (99% of all living vertebrates). Living gnathostomes have teeth, and paired appendages. A horizontal semicircular canal is present in the inner ear. Myelin sheaths is present on the neurons. Adaptive immune system uses V(D) J recombination ( it is the mechanism of somatic recombination that occurs only in developing lymphocytes during the early stages of T and B cell maturation. VDJ recombination is the process by which T cells and B cells randomly assemble different gene segments – known as variable (V), diversity (D) and joining (J) genes – in order to generate unique receptors (known as antigen receptors) that can collectively recognize many different types of molecule. While Agnatha (petromyzon and hagfish) use genetic recombination in the variable lymphocyte receptor gene. It is now assumed that Gnathostomata evolved from ancestors that already possessed a pair of both pectoral and pelvic fins. In addition to this, some placoderms were shown to have a third pair of paired appendages, that had been modified to claspers in males and basal plates in females—a pattern not seen in any other vertebrate group. It is believed that the jaws evolved from anterior gill support arches that had acquired a new role, being modified to pump water over the gills by opening and closing the mouth more effectively – the buccal pump mechanism. Presence of Calcified, bony skull and vertebra are the characteristic features of Gnathostomata (fishes, amphibians, reptiles, birds and mammals). Pelvic fins are situated just in front of the anus. Interventrals and basiventrals present in the backbone. These are the elements of the backbone which lie under the notochord, and match the basidorsals and interdorsals respectively. Gill arches which lie internally to the gills and branchial blood vessels, contrary to the gill arches of all jawless craniates, which are external to the gills and blood vessels. A horizontal semicircular canal in the inner ear. Paired nasal sacs which are independent from the hypophysial tube. There are numerous other characteristics of the soft anatomy and physiology (e.g. myelinated nerve fibres, sperms passing through urinary ducts, etc.), which are unique to the gnathostomes among extant craniates, but cannot by observed in fossils. ]]> Fri, 08 Jan 2021 15:37:36 GMT /slideshow/gnathostomata/241092013 reddysir@slideshare.net(reddysir) Gnathostomata reddysir Introduction Gnathostomata are the jawed vertebrates. (gnathos= "jaw" + (stoma)="mouth". It comprises roughly 60,000 species. (99% of all living vertebrates). Living gnathostomes have teeth, and paired appendages. A horizontal semicircular canal is present in the inner ear. Myelin sheaths is present on the neurons. Adaptive immune system uses V(D) J recombination ( it is the mechanism of somatic recombination that occurs only in developing lymphocytes during the early stages of T and B cell maturation. VDJ recombination is the process by which T cells and B cells randomly assemble different gene segments – known as variable (V), diversity (D) and joining (J) genes – in order to generate unique receptors (known as antigen receptors) that can collectively recognize many different types of molecule. While Agnatha (petromyzon and hagfish) use genetic recombination in the variable lymphocyte receptor gene. It is now assumed that Gnathostomata evolved from ancestors that already possessed a pair of both pectoral and pelvic fins. In addition to this, some placoderms were shown to have a third pair of paired appendages, that had been modified to claspers in males and basal plates in females—a pattern not seen in any other vertebrate group. It is believed that the jaws evolved from anterior gill support arches that had acquired a new role, being modified to pump water over the gills by opening and closing the mouth more effectively – the buccal pump mechanism. Presence of Calcified, bony skull and vertebra are the characteristic features of Gnathostomata (fishes, amphibians, reptiles, birds and mammals). Pelvic fins are situated just in front of the anus. Interventrals and basiventrals present in the backbone. These are the elements of the backbone which lie under the notochord, and match the basidorsals and interdorsals respectively. Gill arches which lie internally to the gills and branchial blood vessels, contrary to the gill arches of all jawless craniates, which are external to the gills and blood vessels. A horizontal semicircular canal in the inner ear. Paired nasal sacs which are independent from the hypophysial tube. There are numerous other characteristics of the soft anatomy and physiology (e.g. myelinated nerve fibres, sperms passing through urinary ducts, etc.), which are unique to the gnathostomes among extant craniates, but cannot by observed in fossils. <img style="border:1px solid #C3E6D8;float:right;" alt="" src="https://cdn.slidesharecdn.com/ss_thumbnails/gnathostomata-210108153736-thumbnail.jpg?width=120&height=120&fit=bounds" /> Introduction Gnathostomata are the jawed vertebrates. (gnathos= "jaw" + (stoma)="mouth". It comprises roughly 60,000 species. (99% of all living vertebrates). Living gnathostomes have teeth, and paired appendages. A horizontal semicircular canal is present in the inner ear. Myelin sheaths is present on the neurons. Adaptive immune system uses V(D) J recombination ( it is the mechanism of somatic recombination that occurs only in developing lymphocytes during the early stages of T and B cell maturation. VDJ recombination is the process by which T cells and B cells randomly assemble different gene segments – known as variable (V), diversity (D) and joining (J) genes – in order to generate unique receptors (known as antigen receptors) that can collectively recognize many different types of molecule. While Agnatha (petromyzon and hagfish) use genetic recombination in the variable lymphocyte receptor gene. It is now assumed that Gnathostomata evolved from ancestors that already possessed a pair of both pectoral and pelvic fins. In addition to this, some placoderms were shown to have a third pair of paired appendages, that had been modified to claspers in males and basal plates in females—a pattern not seen in any other vertebrate group. It is believed that the jaws evolved from anterior gill support arches that had acquired a new role, being modified to pump water over the gills by opening and closing the mouth more effectively – the buccal pump mechanism. Presence of Calcified, bony skull and vertebra are the characteristic features of Gnathostomata (fishes, amphibians, reptiles, birds and mammals). Pelvic fins are situated just in front of the anus. Interventrals and basiventrals present in the backbone. These are the elements of the backbone which lie under the notochord, and match the basidorsals and interdorsals respectively. Gill arches which lie internally to the gills and branchial blood vessels, contrary to the gill arches of all jawless craniates, which are external to the gills and blood vessels. A horizontal semicircular canal in the inner ear. Paired nasal sacs which are independent from the hypophysial tube. There are numerous other characteristics of the soft anatomy and physiology (e.g. myelinated nerve fibres, sperms passing through urinary ducts, etc.), which are unique to the gnathostomes among extant craniates, but cannot by observed in fossils.

Gnathostomata from Govt.college,Nagda, ujjain.M.P

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0 https://cdn.slidesharecdn.com/profile-photo-reddysir-48x48.jpg?cb=1729054098 Hi..I am Dr.P.b.reddy, professor of zoology, at govt.College,nagda,M.P. I am interested in research and sports. I would like to bring public awareness through popular and burning topics of current. I play both lawn tennis and badminton and represented M.P at national level tournaments not available https://cdn.slidesharecdn.com/ss_thumbnails/tribalwaterconservationpracticesandgovernmentstewardshipin-241016045127-9fc8add3-thumbnail.jpg?width=320&height=320&fit=bounds slideshow/tribal-water-conservation-practices-and-government-stewardship-in-pptx/272452105 Tribal Water Conservat... https://cdn.slidesharecdn.com/ss_thumbnails/mpssrjournalpaper-240818120449-f0a0e414-thumbnail.jpg?width=320&height=320&fit=bounds slideshow/ss-2583/271092406 �� ... https://cdn.slidesharecdn.com/ss_thumbnails/iksworkshopujjain8-8-24-240818115215-c0215cb5-thumbnail.jpg?width=320&height=320&fit=bounds slideshow/iks-workshop-ujjain-importance-of-zoology-in-ancient-india/271092244 IKS WORKSHOP UJJAIN, I...