�ݺ�ߣshows by User: sain23

�ݺ�ߣshows by User: sain23 / http://www.slideshare.net/images/logo.gif �ݺ�ߣshows by User: sain23 / Wed, 12 Aug 2020 14:29:00 GMT �ݺ�ߣShare feed for �ݺ�ߣshows by User: sain23 Contribution of Marry Wollstonecraft In Education /slideshow/contribution-of-marry-wollstonecraft-in-education/237785208 marywollstonecraft-200812142900
Contribution of Marry Wollstonecraft In Education Who is Marry Wollstonecraft ? Marry Wollstonecraft is a Mother of Feminist. Her Philosophy is based on liberal feminism She was an English writer, moral and political philosopher and advocate of women’s right. Marry Wollstonecraft was born on 27th April 1759. she was the second of the seven children of Elizabeth Dixon and Edward John Wollstonecraft. In 1784 at the age of 24 Marry Wollstonecraft opened up her own school for girls at Newington Green.]]>
Contribution of Marry Wollstonecraft In Education Who is Marry Wollstonecraft ? Marry Wollstonecraft is a Mother of Feminist. Her Philosophy is based on liberal feminism She was an English writer, moral and political philosopher and advocate of women’s right. Marry Wollstonecraft was born on 27th April 1759. she was the second of the seven children of Elizabeth Dixon and Edward John Wollstonecraft. In 1784 at the age of 24 Marry Wollstonecraft opened up her own school for girls at Newington Green.]]> Wed, 12 Aug 2020 14:29:00 GMT /slideshow/contribution-of-marry-wollstonecraft-in-education/237785208 sain23@slideshare.net(sain23) Contribution of Marry Wollstonecraft In Education sain23 Contribution of Marry Wollstonecraft In Education Who is Marry Wollstonecraft ? Marry Wollstonecraft is a Mother of Feminist. Her Philosophy is based on liberal feminism She was an English writer, moral and political philosopher and advocate of women’s right. Marry Wollstonecraft was born on 27th April 1759. she was the second of the seven children of Elizabeth Dixon and Edward John Wollstonecraft. In 1784 at the age of 24 Marry Wollstonecraft opened up her own school for girls at Newington Green. <img style="border:1px solid #C3E6D8;float:right;" alt="" src="https://cdn.slidesharecdn.com/ss_thumbnails/marywollstonecraft-200812142900-thumbnail.jpg?width=120&height=120&fit=bounds" /> Contribution of Marry Wollstonecraft In Education Who is Marry Wollstonecraft ? Marry Wollstonecraft is a Mother of Feminist. Her Philosophy is based on liberal feminism She was an English writer, moral and political philosopher and advocate of women’s right. Marry Wollstonecraft was born on 27th April 1759. she was the second of the seven children of Elizabeth Dixon and Edward John Wollstonecraft. In 1784 at the age of 24 Marry Wollstonecraft opened up her own school for girls at Newington Green.

Contribution of Marry Wollstonecraft In Education from Sahin Sahari

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0 Contribution of Savitribai phule in Education /sain23/contribution-of-savitribai-phule-in-education savitribaiphule-200811121258
Phule is a social reformer, educationist, anti-abronist of India. She is first women teacher in India She and her husband jyotirao phule paIay a big role for women equality and women education in British period. They are established first girls school in Pune at 1848. this school name was BHIDE WADA]]>
Phule is a social reformer, educationist, anti-abronist of India. She is first women teacher in India She and her husband jyotirao phule paIay a big role for women equality and women education in British period. They are established first girls school in Pune at 1848. this school name was BHIDE WADA]]> Tue, 11 Aug 2020 12:12:58 GMT /sain23/contribution-of-savitribai-phule-in-education sain23@slideshare.net(sain23) Contribution of Savitribai phule in Education sain23 Phule is a social reformer, educationist, anti-abronist of India. She is first women teacher in India She and her husband jyotirao phule paIay a big role for women equality and women education in British period. They are established first girls school in Pune at 1848. this school name was BHIDE WADA <img style="border:1px solid #C3E6D8;float:right;" alt="" src="https://cdn.slidesharecdn.com/ss_thumbnails/savitribaiphule-200811121258-thumbnail.jpg?width=120&height=120&fit=bounds" /> Phule is a social reformer, educationist, anti-abronist of India. She is first women teacher in India She and her husband jyotirao phule paIay a big role for women equality and women education in British period. They are established first girls school in Pune at 1848. this school name was BHIDE WADA

Contribution of Savitribai phule in Education from Sahin Sahari

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0 Characteristics of a Good Sample /slideshow/characteristics-of-a-good-sample/237712672 charecteristicsofgoodsampie-200810115340
Characteristics of a Good Sample Representativeness Absence of sampling error Economically viable Generalized and applicable Goal oriented Proportional Randomly Selected Actual information provider Practical]]>
Characteristics of a Good Sample Representativeness Absence of sampling error Economically viable Generalized and applicable Goal oriented Proportional Randomly Selected Actual information provider Practical]]> Mon, 10 Aug 2020 11:53:40 GMT /slideshow/characteristics-of-a-good-sample/237712672 sain23@slideshare.net(sain23) Characteristics of a Good Sample sain23 Characteristics of a Good Sample Representativeness Absence of sampling error Economically viable Generalized and applicable Goal oriented Proportional Randomly Selected Actual information provider Practical <img style="border:1px solid #C3E6D8;float:right;" alt="" src="https://cdn.slidesharecdn.com/ss_thumbnails/charecteristicsofgoodsampie-200810115340-thumbnail.jpg?width=120&height=120&fit=bounds" /> Characteristics of a Good Sample Representativeness Absence of sampling error Economically viable Generalized and applicable Goal oriented Proportional Randomly Selected Actual information provider Practical

Characteristics of a Good Sample from Sahin Sahari

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0 Concept of Sample & Universe /slideshow/concept-of-sample-universe/237670272 sampeuniverse-200808135550
What is Universe or Population the term ‘Universe’ refers to the total of the items or units in any field of inquiry. whereas the term ‘Population’ refers to the total of items about which information is desired. Example: Universe : All the Teachers Population : All primary teachers, all college teachers, all university students etc. Population Size: The total number of units present in the population ]]>
What is Universe or Population the term ‘Universe’ refers to the total of the items or units in any field of inquiry. whereas the term ‘Population’ refers to the total of items about which information is desired. Example: Universe : All the Teachers Population : All primary teachers, all college teachers, all university students etc. Population Size: The total number of units present in the population ]]> Sat, 08 Aug 2020 13:55:50 GMT /slideshow/concept-of-sample-universe/237670272 sain23@slideshare.net(sain23) Concept of Sample & Universe sain23 What is Universe or Population the term ‘Universe’ refers to the total of the items or units in any field of inquiry. whereas the term ‘Population’ refers to the total of items about which information is desired. Example: Universe : All the Teachers Population : All primary teachers, all college teachers, all university students etc. Population Size: The total number of units present in the population <img style="border:1px solid #C3E6D8;float:right;" alt="" src="https://cdn.slidesharecdn.com/ss_thumbnails/sampeuniverse-200808135550-thumbnail.jpg?width=120&height=120&fit=bounds" /> What is Universe or Population the term ‘Universe’ refers to the total of the items or units in any field of inquiry. whereas the term ‘Population’ refers to the total of items about which information is desired. Example: Universe : All the Teachers Population : All primary teachers, all college teachers, all university students etc. Population Size: The total number of units present in the population

Concept of Sample & Universe from Sahin Sahari

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0 Steps of Writing a Research Proposal /slideshow/steps-of-writing-a-research-proposal/237642965 stepsofwritingaresearchproposa-200807115216
Steps of Writing a Research Proposal Most proposals should contain at least these elements: Title Page -1st Step : Introduction -2nd Step : Review of Related Literature -3rd Step : Research Design -4th Step : Data Analysis & Expected Findings -5th Step : Reference list or bibliography -6th Step : Budget & Expected Schedule]]>
Steps of Writing a Research Proposal Most proposals should contain at least these elements: Title Page -1st Step : Introduction -2nd Step : Review of Related Literature -3rd Step : Research Design -4th Step : Data Analysis & Expected Findings -5th Step : Reference list or bibliography -6th Step : Budget & Expected Schedule]]> Fri, 07 Aug 2020 11:52:16 GMT /slideshow/steps-of-writing-a-research-proposal/237642965 sain23@slideshare.net(sain23) Steps of Writing a Research Proposal sain23 Steps of Writing a Research Proposal Most proposals should contain at least these elements: Title Page -1st Step : Introduction -2nd Step : Review of Related Literature -3rd Step : Research Design -4th Step : Data Analysis & Expected Findings -5th Step : Reference list or bibliography -6th Step : Budget & Expected Schedule <img style="border:1px solid #C3E6D8;float:right;" alt="" src="https://cdn.slidesharecdn.com/ss_thumbnails/stepsofwritingaresearchproposa-200807115216-thumbnail.jpg?width=120&height=120&fit=bounds" /> Steps of Writing a Research Proposal Most proposals should contain at least these elements: Title Page -1st Step : Introduction -2nd Step : Review of Related Literature -3rd Step : Research Design -4th Step : Data Analysis & Expected Findings -5th Step : Reference list or bibliography -6th Step : Budget & Expected Schedule

Steps of Writing a Research Proposal from Sahin Sahari

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0 Characteristics of a good hypothesis /slideshow/characteristics-of-a-good-hypothesis/237610441 characteristicsofagoodhypothesis-200806121948
Characteristics of a Good Hypothesis Should be testable Should be logical Should be specific & Clear Should be simple & understandable Expressed in present tense Directly related to the research problem State relationship between the variables Stated in declarative statement manner Should be proved or disproved by the researcher ]]>
Characteristics of a Good Hypothesis Should be testable Should be logical Should be specific & Clear Should be simple & understandable Expressed in present tense Directly related to the research problem State relationship between the variables Stated in declarative statement manner Should be proved or disproved by the researcher ]]> Thu, 06 Aug 2020 12:19:48 GMT /slideshow/characteristics-of-a-good-hypothesis/237610441 sain23@slideshare.net(sain23) Characteristics of a good hypothesis sain23 Characteristics of a Good Hypothesis Should be testable Should be logical Should be specific & Clear Should be simple & understandable Expressed in present tense Directly related to the research problem State relationship between the variables Stated in declarative statement manner Should be proved or disproved by the researcher <img style="border:1px solid #C3E6D8;float:right;" alt="" src="https://cdn.slidesharecdn.com/ss_thumbnails/characteristicsofagoodhypothesis-200806121948-thumbnail.jpg?width=120&height=120&fit=bounds" /> Characteristics of a Good Hypothesis Should be testable Should be logical Should be specific & Clear Should be simple & understandable Expressed in present tense Directly related to the research problem State relationship between the variables Stated in declarative statement manner Should be proved or disproved by the researcher

Characteristics of a good hypothesis from Sahin Sahari

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0 Formulating Hypothesis in Research /slideshow/formulating-hypothesis-in-research/237539352 formulationofhypothesis-200804111352
Formulating Hypothesis Hypothesis Formulation is – -the process of creating possible, tentative explanations for a given set of information. -the whole Process of creating and formulating the hypothesis How is Hypothesis Formulated Reichenbach (1938) made a distinction between the two processes found commonly in any hypothesis formulation - -Context of Discovery: --Hypotheses is ‘discovered’ from earlier research findings, existing theories and personal observations, and experience. -Context of justification: --When a Researcher reconstructs his thoughts and communicates them in the form of a hypothesis to others, he uses the context of justification – Steps in Formulation of Hypothesis -Understand the area of problem -Consider goal -Identify variables -identify the relationship between the variables. -Think critically about hypothesis -Express the idea as own hypothesis Process of Hypothesis Formulation -Understand the area of problem Understand the problem that is being worked on. -Consider goal After selecting the problem & understanding the problem, objectives have to be selected according to the problem -Identify variables Must be define the variables. Variables in hypothesis are testable not ? Specify dependent and independent & others variables. -Identify the relationship between the variables. Variables are influence each other or not? -Think critically about hypothesis Hypothesis are testable, verifiable or not ? Which will make able to confirm the hypothesis. -Express the idea as own hypothesis Here researcher made the hypothesis in a Tentative Solution Statement manner ]]>
Formulating Hypothesis Hypothesis Formulation is – -the process of creating possible, tentative explanations for a given set of information. -the whole Process of creating and formulating the hypothesis How is Hypothesis Formulated Reichenbach (1938) made a distinction between the two processes found commonly in any hypothesis formulation - -Context of Discovery: --Hypotheses is ‘discovered’ from earlier research findings, existing theories and personal observations, and experience. -Context of justification: --When a Researcher reconstructs his thoughts and communicates them in the form of a hypothesis to others, he uses the context of justification – Steps in Formulation of Hypothesis -Understand the area of problem -Consider goal -Identify variables -identify the relationship between the variables. -Think critically about hypothesis -Express the idea as own hypothesis Process of Hypothesis Formulation -Understand the area of problem Understand the problem that is being worked on. -Consider goal After selecting the problem & understanding the problem, objectives have to be selected according to the problem -Identify variables Must be define the variables. Variables in hypothesis are testable not ? Specify dependent and independent & others variables. -Identify the relationship between the variables. Variables are influence each other or not? -Think critically about hypothesis Hypothesis are testable, verifiable or not ? Which will make able to confirm the hypothesis. -Express the idea as own hypothesis Here researcher made the hypothesis in a Tentative Solution Statement manner ]]> Tue, 04 Aug 2020 11:13:52 GMT /slideshow/formulating-hypothesis-in-research/237539352 sain23@slideshare.net(sain23) Formulating Hypothesis in Research sain23 Formulating Hypothesis Hypothesis Formulation is – -the process of creating possible, tentative explanations for a given set of information. -the whole Process of creating and formulating the hypothesis How is Hypothesis Formulated Reichenbach (1938) made a distinction between the two processes found commonly in any hypothesis formulation - -Context of Discovery: --Hypotheses is ‘discovered’ from earlier research findings, existing theories and personal observations, and experience. -Context of justification: --When a Researcher reconstructs his thoughts and communicates them in the form of a hypothesis to others, he uses the context of justification – Steps in Formulation of Hypothesis -Understand the area of problem -Consider goal -Identify variables -identify the relationship between the variables. -Think critically about hypothesis -Express the idea as own hypothesis Process of Hypothesis Formulation -Understand the area of problem Understand the problem that is being worked on. -Consider goal After selecting the problem & understanding the problem, objectives have to be selected according to the problem -Identify variables Must be define the variables. Variables in hypothesis are testable not ? Specify dependent and independent & others variables. -Identify the relationship between the variables. Variables are influence each other or not? -Think critically about hypothesis Hypothesis are testable, verifiable or not ? Which will make able to confirm the hypothesis. -Express the idea as own hypothesis Here researcher made the hypothesis in a Tentative Solution Statement manner <img style="border:1px solid #C3E6D8;float:right;" alt="" src="https://cdn.slidesharecdn.com/ss_thumbnails/formulationofhypothesis-200804111352-thumbnail.jpg?width=120&height=120&fit=bounds" /> Formulating Hypothesis Hypothesis Formulation is – -the process of creating possible, tentative explanations for a given set of information. -the whole Process of creating and formulating the hypothesis How is Hypothesis Formulated Reichenbach (1938) made a distinction between the two processes found commonly in any hypothesis formulation - -Context of Discovery: --Hypotheses is ‘discovered’ from earlier research findings, existing theories and personal observations, and experience. -Context of justification: --When a Researcher reconstructs his thoughts and communicates them in the form of a hypothesis to others, he uses the context of justification – Steps in Formulation of Hypothesis -Understand the area of problem -Consider goal -Identify variables -identify the relationship between the variables. -Think critically about hypothesis -Express the idea as own hypothesis Process of Hypothesis Formulation -Understand the area of problem Understand the problem that is being worked on. -Consider goal After selecting the problem & understanding the problem, objectives have to be selected according to the problem -Identify variables Must be define the variables. Variables in hypothesis are testable not ? Specify dependent and independent & others variables. -Identify the relationship between the variables. Variables are influence each other or not? -Think critically about hypothesis Hypothesis are testable, verifiable or not ? Which will make able to confirm the hypothesis. -Express the idea as own hypothesis Here researcher made the hypothesis in a Tentative Solution Statement manner

Formulating Hypothesis in Research from Sahin Sahari

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0 Hypotheses- Concept, Sources & Types /slideshow/hypotheses-concept-sources-types/237459734 hypotheses-conceptsourcestypes-200801110417
Hypothesis -Concept Sources Types Hypothesis It is a tentative prediction about the nature of the relationship between two or more variables. It is a tentative explanation of the research problem Hypotheses are always in declarative sentence form An hypothesis is a statement or explanation that is suggested by knowledge or observation but has not, yet, been proved or disproved Sources of hypothesis Experience of researcher Review of literature Findings of the pilot study Interaction with knowledgeable persons of the concerned field Knowledge of culture and society Creative thinking and imagination of researcher Types of Hypotheses Directional Hypotheses / One tailed Hypothesis Non-Directional Hypotheses / Two tailed Hypothesis Null Hypotheses Directional Hypotheses / One Tailed Hypothesis A directional hypothesis is a prediction made by a researcher regarding a positive or negative change, relationship, or difference between two variables /two groups or conditions directional hypothesis predicts the nature of the effect of the independent variable on the dependent variable. It is often symbolized as H1 Non-Directional Hypotheses / Two Tailed Hypothesis A non-directional simply states that there will be a difference between the two groups/conditions but does not say which will be greater/smaller, quicker/slower etc. non-directional hypothesis predicts that the independent variable will have an effect on the dependent variable, but the direction of the effect is not specified. Null Hypotheses A null hypothesis is a hypothesis that says there is no statistical significance between the two variables. null hypothesis states that there is no relationship between the two variables being studied (one variable does not affect the other). It is the hypothesis that the researcher is trying to disprove. the null hypothesis is a statement of -‘no effect’ or ‘no difference’ It is often symbolized as H0. Examples “ In a clinical trial of a new drug with the current drug ” We would write Null Hypotheses (H0): H0 : there is no difference between the two drugs. We would write Directional Hypotheses (H1): H1 : the new drug is better than the current drug. We would write Non-Directional Hypothesis: the two drugs have different effects, on average. ]]>
Hypothesis -Concept Sources Types Hypothesis It is a tentative prediction about the nature of the relationship between two or more variables. It is a tentative explanation of the research problem Hypotheses are always in declarative sentence form An hypothesis is a statement or explanation that is suggested by knowledge or observation but has not, yet, been proved or disproved Sources of hypothesis Experience of researcher Review of literature Findings of the pilot study Interaction with knowledgeable persons of the concerned field Knowledge of culture and society Creative thinking and imagination of researcher Types of Hypotheses Directional Hypotheses / One tailed Hypothesis Non-Directional Hypotheses / Two tailed Hypothesis Null Hypotheses Directional Hypotheses / One Tailed Hypothesis A directional hypothesis is a prediction made by a researcher regarding a positive or negative change, relationship, or difference between two variables /two groups or conditions directional hypothesis predicts the nature of the effect of the independent variable on the dependent variable. It is often symbolized as H1 Non-Directional Hypotheses / Two Tailed Hypothesis A non-directional simply states that there will be a difference between the two groups/conditions but does not say which will be greater/smaller, quicker/slower etc. non-directional hypothesis predicts that the independent variable will have an effect on the dependent variable, but the direction of the effect is not specified. Null Hypotheses A null hypothesis is a hypothesis that says there is no statistical significance between the two variables. null hypothesis states that there is no relationship between the two variables being studied (one variable does not affect the other). It is the hypothesis that the researcher is trying to disprove. the null hypothesis is a statement of -‘no effect’ or ‘no difference’ It is often symbolized as H0. Examples “ In a clinical trial of a new drug with the current drug ” We would write Null Hypotheses (H0): H0 : there is no difference between the two drugs. We would write Directional Hypotheses (H1): H1 : the new drug is better than the current drug. We would write Non-Directional Hypothesis: the two drugs have different effects, on average. ]]> Sat, 01 Aug 2020 11:04:17 GMT /slideshow/hypotheses-concept-sources-types/237459734 sain23@slideshare.net(sain23) Hypotheses- Concept, Sources & Types sain23 Hypothesis -Concept Sources Types Hypothesis It is a tentative prediction about the nature of the relationship between two or more variables. It is a tentative explanation of the research problem Hypotheses are always in declarative sentence form An hypothesis is a statement or explanation that is suggested by knowledge or observation but has not, yet, been proved or disproved Sources of hypothesis Experience of researcher Review of literature Findings of the pilot study Interaction with knowledgeable persons of the concerned field Knowledge of culture and society Creative thinking and imagination of researcher Types of Hypotheses Directional Hypotheses / One tailed Hypothesis Non-Directional Hypotheses / Two tailed Hypothesis Null Hypotheses Directional Hypotheses / One Tailed Hypothesis A directional hypothesis is a prediction made by a researcher regarding a positive or negative change, relationship, or difference between two variables /two groups or conditions directional hypothesis predicts the nature of the effect of the independent variable on the dependent variable. It is often symbolized as H1 Non-Directional Hypotheses / Two Tailed Hypothesis A non-directional simply states that there will be a difference between the two groups/conditions but does not say which will be greater/smaller, quicker/slower etc. non-directional hypothesis predicts that the independent variable will have an effect on the dependent variable, but the direction of the effect is not specified. Null Hypotheses A null hypothesis is a hypothesis that says there is no statistical significance between the two variables. null hypothesis states that there is no relationship between the two variables being studied (one variable does not affect the other). It is the hypothesis that the researcher is trying to disprove. the null hypothesis is a statement of -‘no effect’ or ‘no difference’ It is often symbolized as H0. Examples “ In a clinical trial of a new drug with the current drug ” We would write Null Hypotheses (H0): H0 : there is no difference between the two drugs. We would write Directional Hypotheses (H1): H1 : the new drug is better than the current drug. We would write Non-Directional Hypothesis: the two drugs have different effects, on average. <img style="border:1px solid #C3E6D8;float:right;" alt="" src="https://cdn.slidesharecdn.com/ss_thumbnails/hypotheses-conceptsourcestypes-200801110417-thumbnail.jpg?width=120&height=120&fit=bounds" /> Hypothesis -Concept Sources Types Hypothesis It is a tentative prediction about the nature of the relationship between two or more variables. It is a tentative explanation of the research problem Hypotheses are always in declarative sentence form An hypothesis is a statement or explanation that is suggested by knowledge or observation but has not, yet, been proved or disproved Sources of hypothesis Experience of researcher Review of literature Findings of the pilot study Interaction with knowledgeable persons of the concerned field Knowledge of culture and society Creative thinking and imagination of researcher Types of Hypotheses Directional Hypotheses / One tailed Hypothesis Non-Directional Hypotheses / Two tailed Hypothesis Null Hypotheses Directional Hypotheses / One Tailed Hypothesis A directional hypothesis is a prediction made by a researcher regarding a positive or negative change, relationship, or difference between two variables /two groups or conditions directional hypothesis predicts the nature of the effect of the independent variable on the dependent variable. It is often symbolized as H1 Non-Directional Hypotheses / Two Tailed Hypothesis A non-directional simply states that there will be a difference between the two groups/conditions but does not say which will be greater/smaller, quicker/slower etc. non-directional hypothesis predicts that the independent variable will have an effect on the dependent variable, but the direction of the effect is not specified. Null Hypotheses A null hypothesis is a hypothesis that says there is no statistical significance between the two variables. null hypothesis states that there is no relationship between the two variables being studied (one variable does not affect the other). It is the hypothesis that the researcher is trying to disprove. the null hypothesis is a statement of -‘no effect’ or ‘no difference’ It is often symbolized as H0. Examples “ In a clinical trial of a new drug with the current drug ” We would write Null Hypotheses (H0): H0 : there is no difference between the two drugs. We would write Directional Hypotheses (H1): H1 : the new drug is better than the current drug. We would write Non-Directional Hypothesis: the two drugs have different effects, on average.

Hypotheses- Concept, Sources & Types from Sahin Sahari

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0 Types of Variables - Independent, Dependent ,Extraneous ,Intervening ,Moderator /slideshow/types-of-variables-independent-dependent-extraneous-intervening-moderator/237435418 variables222-200731105833
Types of Variables Independent Variable Dependent Variable Intervening/Mediating Variable Extraneous Variable Moderator variable Independent Variable Variable that is presumed to influence other variable It is the presumed cause, whereas the dependent variable is the presumed effect. Dependent Variable Variable affected by the independent variable It responds to the independent variable. Example “How stress affects mental state of human beings?” Independent variable ----- Stress Dependent variable ---- mental state of human beings You can directly manipulate stress levels in your human subjects and measure how those stress levels change mental state. Intervening/Mediating Variable It is a variable whose existence is inferred but it cannot be measured. Example “Higher education typically leads to higher income” Higher education----(independent variable) Higher income----(dependent variable) Better occupation---- intervening variable It is causally affected by education and itself affects income. Extraneous Variable Extraneous variables are undesirable variables that influence the relationship between the variables an experimenter is examining. Example “An educational psychologist has developed a new learning strategy and is interested in examining the effectiveness of this strategy” The experimenter randomly assigns students into two groups. All of the students study text materials on a biology topic for thirty minutes. One group uses the new strategy and the other uses a strategy of their choice. Then all students complete a test over the materials. Extraneous variable ------ pre-knowledge of the biology topic Moderator variable It is a type of an independent variable that may not be the main focus of the study It is a characteristics of individuals or of treatment variables that may result in an interaction between an independent variable and other variables It may modify the relationship between the independent variable and the dependent variable Example when dealing with any research question, gender may affect them. ]]>
Types of Variables Independent Variable Dependent Variable Intervening/Mediating Variable Extraneous Variable Moderator variable Independent Variable Variable that is presumed to influence other variable It is the presumed cause, whereas the dependent variable is the presumed effect. Dependent Variable Variable affected by the independent variable It responds to the independent variable. Example “How stress affects mental state of human beings?” Independent variable ----- Stress Dependent variable ---- mental state of human beings You can directly manipulate stress levels in your human subjects and measure how those stress levels change mental state. Intervening/Mediating Variable It is a variable whose existence is inferred but it cannot be measured. Example “Higher education typically leads to higher income” Higher education----(independent variable) Higher income----(dependent variable) Better occupation---- intervening variable It is causally affected by education and itself affects income. Extraneous Variable Extraneous variables are undesirable variables that influence the relationship between the variables an experimenter is examining. Example “An educational psychologist has developed a new learning strategy and is interested in examining the effectiveness of this strategy” The experimenter randomly assigns students into two groups. All of the students study text materials on a biology topic for thirty minutes. One group uses the new strategy and the other uses a strategy of their choice. Then all students complete a test over the materials. Extraneous variable ------ pre-knowledge of the biology topic Moderator variable It is a type of an independent variable that may not be the main focus of the study It is a characteristics of individuals or of treatment variables that may result in an interaction between an independent variable and other variables It may modify the relationship between the independent variable and the dependent variable Example when dealing with any research question, gender may affect them. ]]> Fri, 31 Jul 2020 10:58:33 GMT /slideshow/types-of-variables-independent-dependent-extraneous-intervening-moderator/237435418 sain23@slideshare.net(sain23) Types of Variables - Independent, Dependent ,Extraneous ,Intervening ,Moderator sain23 Types of Variables Independent Variable Dependent Variable Intervening/Mediating Variable Extraneous Variable Moderator variable Independent Variable Variable that is presumed to influence other variable It is the presumed cause, whereas the dependent variable is the presumed effect. Dependent Variable Variable affected by the independent variable It responds to the independent variable. Example “How stress affects mental state of human beings?” Independent variable ----- Stress Dependent variable ---- mental state of human beings You can directly manipulate stress levels in your human subjects and measure how those stress levels change mental state. Intervening/Mediating Variable It is a variable whose existence is inferred but it cannot be measured. Example “Higher education typically leads to higher income” Higher education----(independent variable) Higher income----(dependent variable) Better occupation---- intervening variable It is causally affected by education and itself affects income. Extraneous Variable Extraneous variables are undesirable variables that influence the relationship between the variables an experimenter is examining. Example “An educational psychologist has developed a new learning strategy and is interested in examining the effectiveness of this strategy” The experimenter randomly assigns students into two groups. All of the students study text materials on a biology topic for thirty minutes. One group uses the new strategy and the other uses a strategy of their choice. Then all students complete a test over the materials. Extraneous variable ------ pre-knowledge of the biology topic Moderator variable It is a type of an independent variable that may not be the main focus of the study It is a characteristics of individuals or of treatment variables that may result in an interaction between an independent variable and other variables It may modify the relationship between the independent variable and the dependent variable Example when dealing with any research question, gender may affect them. <img style="border:1px solid #C3E6D8;float:right;" alt="" src="https://cdn.slidesharecdn.com/ss_thumbnails/variables222-200731105833-thumbnail.jpg?width=120&height=120&fit=bounds" /> Types of Variables Independent Variable Dependent Variable Intervening/Mediating Variable Extraneous Variable Moderator variable Independent Variable Variable that is presumed to influence other variable It is the presumed cause, whereas the dependent variable is the presumed effect. Dependent Variable Variable affected by the independent variable It responds to the independent variable. Example “How stress affects mental state of human beings?” Independent variable ----- Stress Dependent variable ---- mental state of human beings You can directly manipulate stress levels in your human subjects and measure how those stress levels change mental state. Intervening/Mediating Variable It is a variable whose existence is inferred but it cannot be measured. Example “Higher education typically leads to higher income” Higher education----(independent variable) Higher income----(dependent variable) Better occupation---- intervening variable It is causally affected by education and itself affects income. Extraneous Variable Extraneous variables are undesirable variables that influence the relationship between the variables an experimenter is examining. Example “An educational psychologist has developed a new learning strategy and is interested in examining the effectiveness of this strategy” The experimenter randomly assigns students into two groups. All of the students study text materials on a biology topic for thirty minutes. One group uses the new strategy and the other uses a strategy of their choice. Then all students complete a test over the materials. Extraneous variable ------ pre-knowledge of the biology topic Moderator variable It is a type of an independent variable that may not be the main focus of the study It is a characteristics of individuals or of treatment variables that may result in an interaction between an independent variable and other variables It may modify the relationship between the independent variable and the dependent variable Example when dealing with any research question, gender may affect them.

Types of Variables - Independent, Dependent ,Extraneous ,Intervening ,Moderator from Sahin Sahari

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0 National Education Policy 2020 /slideshow/national-education-policy-2020/237400178 2020-200730104030
National Education Policy 2020 -This is the first new education policy in 34 years -A panel headed by former ISRO chief K. Kasturirangan submitted a draft in December 2018 -which was made public and opened for feedback after the Lok Sabha election in May 2019. -New Education Policy was launched on Wednesday, July 29, 2020 -Union Ministers for Information and Broadcasting (I&B) Prakash Javadekar and Human Resource Development (HRD) and Ramesh Pokhriyal Nishank, made the announcement on the NEP- 2020. -The NEP 2020 aims at making “India a global knowledge superpower”]]>
National Education Policy 2020 -This is the first new education policy in 34 years -A panel headed by former ISRO chief K. Kasturirangan submitted a draft in December 2018 -which was made public and opened for feedback after the Lok Sabha election in May 2019. -New Education Policy was launched on Wednesday, July 29, 2020 -Union Ministers for Information and Broadcasting (I&B) Prakash Javadekar and Human Resource Development (HRD) and Ramesh Pokhriyal Nishank, made the announcement on the NEP- 2020. -The NEP 2020 aims at making “India a global knowledge superpower”]]> Thu, 30 Jul 2020 10:40:30 GMT /slideshow/national-education-policy-2020/237400178 sain23@slideshare.net(sain23) National Education Policy 2020 sain23 National Education Policy 2020 -This is the first new education policy in 34 years -A panel headed by former ISRO chief K. Kasturirangan submitted a draft in December 2018 -which was made public and opened for feedback after the Lok Sabha election in May 2019. -New Education Policy was launched on Wednesday, July 29, 2020 -Union Ministers for Information and Broadcasting (I&B) Prakash Javadekar and Human Resource Development (HRD) and Ramesh Pokhriyal Nishank, made the announcement on the NEP- 2020. -The NEP 2020 aims at making “India a global knowledge superpower” <img style="border:1px solid #C3E6D8;float:right;" alt="" src="https://cdn.slidesharecdn.com/ss_thumbnails/2020-200730104030-thumbnail.jpg?width=120&height=120&fit=bounds" /> National Education Policy 2020 -This is the first new education policy in 34 years -A panel headed by former ISRO chief K. Kasturirangan submitted a draft in December 2018 -which was made public and opened for feedback after the Lok Sabha election in May 2019. -New Education Policy was launched on Wednesday, July 29, 2020 -Union Ministers for Information and Broadcasting (I&B) Prakash Javadekar and Human Resource Development (HRD) and Ramesh Pokhriyal Nishank, made the announcement on the NEP- 2020. -The NEP 2020 aims at making “India a global knowledge superpower”

National Education Policy 2020 from Sahin Sahari

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0 Meaning of Constructs, Concepts & Variables /slideshow/meaning-of-constructs-concepts-variables/237364176 variables-200729105959
Meaning of Constructs, Concepts & Variables Construct Construct is an abstract concept that is specifically chosen (or “created”) to explain a given phenomenon or subject. Constructs are considered latent variable because they cannot be directly observed or measured. Concept Concept gives a vivid picture on something, which helps to understand the subject or phenomena. Concepts are based on our experiences. Concepts can be based on real phenomena and are a generalized idea of something. Variable Variable is a measurable representation of an abstract construct. Variables are created by developing the construct into a measurable form. Variables are observable, measurable & changeable or unstables. Construct -an abstract concept -specifically chosen (or “created”) -to explain a given phenomenon or subject. -cannot be directly observed or measured. Concept -Concepts are based on our experience -gives a vivid picture on something, -which helps to understand the subject or phenomena. -Concepts can be based on real phenomena and are a generalized idea of something. Variable -measurable representation of an abstract construct. -Variables are created by developing the construct into a measurable form. -Variables are observable, measurable & changeable or unstable. ]]>
Meaning of Constructs, Concepts & Variables Construct Construct is an abstract concept that is specifically chosen (or “created”) to explain a given phenomenon or subject. Constructs are considered latent variable because they cannot be directly observed or measured. Concept Concept gives a vivid picture on something, which helps to understand the subject or phenomena. Concepts are based on our experiences. Concepts can be based on real phenomena and are a generalized idea of something. Variable Variable is a measurable representation of an abstract construct. Variables are created by developing the construct into a measurable form. Variables are observable, measurable & changeable or unstables. Construct -an abstract concept -specifically chosen (or “created”) -to explain a given phenomenon or subject. -cannot be directly observed or measured. Concept -Concepts are based on our experience -gives a vivid picture on something, -which helps to understand the subject or phenomena. -Concepts can be based on real phenomena and are a generalized idea of something. Variable -measurable representation of an abstract construct. -Variables are created by developing the construct into a measurable form. -Variables are observable, measurable & changeable or unstable. ]]> Wed, 29 Jul 2020 10:59:59 GMT /slideshow/meaning-of-constructs-concepts-variables/237364176 sain23@slideshare.net(sain23) Meaning of Constructs, Concepts & Variables sain23 Meaning of Constructs, Concepts & Variables Construct Construct is an abstract concept that is specifically chosen (or “created”) to explain a given phenomenon or subject. Constructs are considered latent variable because they cannot be directly observed or measured. Concept Concept gives a vivid picture on something, which helps to understand the subject or phenomena. Concepts are based on our experiences. Concepts can be based on real phenomena and are a generalized idea of something. Variable Variable is a measurable representation of an abstract construct. Variables are created by developing the construct into a measurable form. Variables are observable, measurable & changeable or unstables. Construct -an abstract concept -specifically chosen (or “created”) -to explain a given phenomenon or subject. -cannot be directly observed or measured. Concept -Concepts are based on our experience -gives a vivid picture on something, -which helps to understand the subject or phenomena. -Concepts can be based on real phenomena and are a generalized idea of something. Variable -measurable representation of an abstract construct. -Variables are created by developing the construct into a measurable form. -Variables are observable, measurable & changeable or unstable. <img style="border:1px solid #C3E6D8;float:right;" alt="" src="https://cdn.slidesharecdn.com/ss_thumbnails/variables-200729105959-thumbnail.jpg?width=120&height=120&fit=bounds" /> Meaning of Constructs, Concepts & Variables Construct Construct is an abstract concept that is specifically chosen (or “created”) to explain a given phenomenon or subject. Constructs are considered latent variable because they cannot be directly observed or measured. Concept Concept gives a vivid picture on something, which helps to understand the subject or phenomena. Concepts are based on our experiences. Concepts can be based on real phenomena and are a generalized idea of something. Variable Variable is a measurable representation of an abstract construct. Variables are created by developing the construct into a measurable form. Variables are observable, measurable & changeable or unstables. Construct -an abstract concept -specifically chosen (or “created”) -to explain a given phenomenon or subject. -cannot be directly observed or measured. Concept -Concepts are based on our experience -gives a vivid picture on something, -which helps to understand the subject or phenomena. -Concepts can be based on real phenomena and are a generalized idea of something. Variable -measurable representation of an abstract construct. -Variables are created by developing the construct into a measurable form. -Variables are observable, measurable & changeable or unstable.

Meaning of Constructs, Concepts & Variables from Sahin Sahari

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0 Islamic Philosophy and Education /slideshow/islamic-philosophy-and-education-237325062/237325062 islamicphilosophy22222-200728120506
Islamic Philosophy & Education Education of Islam -Education is considered as a light in philosophy and tradition of Islam, that light, by which ignorance form darkness thrown away. -Education is used as an action which create differences between knowledge and darkness. -Knowledge of Qur’an is considered as true education in Islamic philosophy. -According to Hazarat Mohammad, exponent of Islam religion, education should be continuing from the lap of mother till grave. ]]>
Islamic Philosophy & Education Education of Islam -Education is considered as a light in philosophy and tradition of Islam, that light, by which ignorance form darkness thrown away. -Education is used as an action which create differences between knowledge and darkness. -Knowledge of Qur’an is considered as true education in Islamic philosophy. -According to Hazarat Mohammad, exponent of Islam religion, education should be continuing from the lap of mother till grave. ]]> Tue, 28 Jul 2020 12:05:06 GMT /slideshow/islamic-philosophy-and-education-237325062/237325062 sain23@slideshare.net(sain23) Islamic Philosophy and Education sain23 Islamic Philosophy & Education Education of Islam -Education is considered as a light in philosophy and tradition of Islam, that light, by which ignorance form darkness thrown away. -Education is used as an action which create differences between knowledge and darkness. -Knowledge of Qur’an is considered as true education in Islamic philosophy. -According to Hazarat Mohammad, exponent of Islam religion, education should be continuing from the lap of mother till grave. <img style="border:1px solid #C3E6D8;float:right;" alt="" src="https://cdn.slidesharecdn.com/ss_thumbnails/islamicphilosophy22222-200728120506-thumbnail.jpg?width=120&height=120&fit=bounds" /> Islamic Philosophy & Education Education of Islam -Education is considered as a light in philosophy and tradition of Islam, that light, by which ignorance form darkness thrown away. -Education is used as an action which create differences between knowledge and darkness. -Knowledge of Qur’an is considered as true education in Islamic philosophy. -According to Hazarat Mohammad, exponent of Islam religion, education should be continuing from the lap of mother till grave.

Islamic Philosophy and Education from Sahin Sahari

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0 Islamic Philosophy - Metaphysics, Epistemology & Axiology /slideshow/islamic-philosophy-metaphysics-epistemology-axiology/237286236 islamicphilosophyeducation-200727125557
Islamic Philosophy - Metaphysics, Epistemology & Axiology Basics of Islamic Religion & Philosophy There is One God (ALLAH) who is the creator of all universe. Main source book of Islamic Philosophy is – Qur’an Mohammad is the Final Messenger of Islam who finalize the Islamic Philosophy. Islamic philosophy doesn't believe in idol or statue worship. Five Base of Islam mention bellow- -To believe in Allah, Prophet Mohammad and Quran. (Iman) -To read the namaaz five times. (Namaz) -To fast in the month of Ramzaan. (Roza) -To grant money from one’s earnings. (Zakat) -To go for Haj atleast once in a lifetime. (Haj) Metaphysics of Islam This universe has been created by Allah- Physical Universe is destroyable yet real, spiritual universe is everlasting- Allah is shapeless, and the souls are created by him-. Human is the supreme creation by Allah- The human development depends on the power of his soul, his deeds and Allah’s mercy A human’s ultimate objective is to prepare himself for the everlasting life and unify his soul with Allah- Islam doesn’t believe in rebirth. Epistemology of Islam At present, people following Islam consider Qur’an as the prime source of any type of knowledge. Hazrat Mohammad divided knowledge in two forms- i. Physical- He has put physical products and social life under physical knowledge ii. Spiritual - knowledge of Islam religion under spiritual knowledge. In Quran, there are three ways mentioned to attain physical knowledge -i. Ilmul Yakeen (believe by estimating) -ii. Enul Yakeen (believe by seeing) -iii. Hakkul Yakeen (believe by touching) This clearly means senses are considered as a medium to attain physical knowledge. Where attaining spiritual knowledge is concerned, Islam considers information given by the prophets. Axiology of Islam According to Qur’an & Islamic Law (Shariyah) Desirable Acts Undesirable Acts divided into Two Parts- -Halal – Lawful -Haram – Unlawful -Fard – Obligatory: An act commanded by Allah in the Holy Qur'an is known as Fard. -Sunnat : --Sunnat-e-Mu’akkadah:an act done or liked by the Hazrat Mohammad (PBUH) in relation to worship. --Sunnat-e-Ghayr Mu’akkadah:The Messenger of Allah had performed such an act, but also omitted it without any reason. ]]>
Islamic Philosophy - Metaphysics, Epistemology & Axiology Basics of Islamic Religion & Philosophy There is One God (ALLAH) who is the creator of all universe. Main source book of Islamic Philosophy is – Qur’an Mohammad is the Final Messenger of Islam who finalize the Islamic Philosophy. Islamic philosophy doesn't believe in idol or statue worship. Five Base of Islam mention bellow- -To believe in Allah, Prophet Mohammad and Quran. (Iman) -To read the namaaz five times. (Namaz) -To fast in the month of Ramzaan. (Roza) -To grant money from one’s earnings. (Zakat) -To go for Haj atleast once in a lifetime. (Haj) Metaphysics of Islam This universe has been created by Allah- Physical Universe is destroyable yet real, spiritual universe is everlasting- Allah is shapeless, and the souls are created by him-. Human is the supreme creation by Allah- The human development depends on the power of his soul, his deeds and Allah’s mercy A human’s ultimate objective is to prepare himself for the everlasting life and unify his soul with Allah- Islam doesn’t believe in rebirth. Epistemology of Islam At present, people following Islam consider Qur’an as the prime source of any type of knowledge. Hazrat Mohammad divided knowledge in two forms- i. Physical- He has put physical products and social life under physical knowledge ii. Spiritual - knowledge of Islam religion under spiritual knowledge. In Quran, there are three ways mentioned to attain physical knowledge -i. Ilmul Yakeen (believe by estimating) -ii. Enul Yakeen (believe by seeing) -iii. Hakkul Yakeen (believe by touching) This clearly means senses are considered as a medium to attain physical knowledge. Where attaining spiritual knowledge is concerned, Islam considers information given by the prophets. Axiology of Islam According to Qur’an & Islamic Law (Shariyah) Desirable Acts Undesirable Acts divided into Two Parts- -Halal – Lawful -Haram – Unlawful -Fard – Obligatory: An act commanded by Allah in the Holy Qur'an is known as Fard. -Sunnat : --Sunnat-e-Mu’akkadah:an act done or liked by the Hazrat Mohammad (PBUH) in relation to worship. --Sunnat-e-Ghayr Mu’akkadah:The Messenger of Allah had performed such an act, but also omitted it without any reason. ]]> Mon, 27 Jul 2020 12:55:57 GMT /slideshow/islamic-philosophy-metaphysics-epistemology-axiology/237286236 sain23@slideshare.net(sain23) Islamic Philosophy - Metaphysics, Epistemology & Axiology sain23 Islamic Philosophy - Metaphysics, Epistemology & Axiology Basics of Islamic Religion & Philosophy There is One God (ALLAH) who is the creator of all universe. Main source book of Islamic Philosophy is – Qur’an Mohammad is the Final Messenger of Islam who finalize the Islamic Philosophy. Islamic philosophy doesn't believe in idol or statue worship. Five Base of Islam mention bellow- -To believe in Allah, Prophet Mohammad and Quran. (Iman) -To read the namaaz five times. (Namaz) -To fast in the month of Ramzaan. (Roza) -To grant money from one’s earnings. (Zakat) -To go for Haj atleast once in a lifetime. (Haj) Metaphysics of Islam This universe has been created by Allah- Physical Universe is destroyable yet real, spiritual universe is everlasting- Allah is shapeless, and the souls are created by him-. Human is the supreme creation by Allah- The human development depends on the power of his soul, his deeds and Allah’s mercy A human’s ultimate objective is to prepare himself for the everlasting life and unify his soul with Allah- Islam doesn’t believe in rebirth. Epistemology of Islam At present, people following Islam consider Qur’an as the prime source of any type of knowledge. Hazrat Mohammad divided knowledge in two forms- i. Physical- He has put physical products and social life under physical knowledge ii. Spiritual - knowledge of Islam religion under spiritual knowledge. In Quran, there are three ways mentioned to attain physical knowledge -i. Ilmul Yakeen (believe by estimating) -ii. Enul Yakeen (believe by seeing) -iii. Hakkul Yakeen (believe by touching) This clearly means senses are considered as a medium to attain physical knowledge. Where attaining spiritual knowledge is concerned, Islam considers information given by the prophets. Axiology of Islam According to Qur’an & Islamic Law (Shariyah) Desirable Acts Undesirable Acts divided into Two Parts- -Halal – Lawful -Haram – Unlawful -Fard – Obligatory: An act commanded by Allah in the Holy Qur'an is known as Fard. -Sunnat : --Sunnat-e-Mu’akkadah:�an act done or liked by the Hazrat Mohammad (PBUH) in relation to worship. --Sunnat-e-Ghayr Mu’akkadah:�The Messenger of Allah had performed such an act, but also omitted it without any reason. <img style="border:1px solid #C3E6D8;float:right;" alt="" src="https://cdn.slidesharecdn.com/ss_thumbnails/islamicphilosophyeducation-200727125557-thumbnail.jpg?width=120&height=120&fit=bounds" /> Islamic Philosophy - Metaphysics, Epistemology & Axiology Basics of Islamic Religion & Philosophy There is One God (ALLAH) who is the creator of all universe. Main source book of Islamic Philosophy is – Qur’an Mohammad is the Final Messenger of Islam who finalize the Islamic Philosophy. Islamic philosophy doesn't believe in idol or statue worship. Five Base of Islam mention bellow- -To believe in Allah, Prophet Mohammad and Quran. (Iman) -To read the namaaz five times. (Namaz) -To fast in the month of Ramzaan. (Roza) -To grant money from one’s earnings. (Zakat) -To go for Haj atleast once in a lifetime. (Haj) Metaphysics of Islam This universe has been created by Allah- Physical Universe is destroyable yet real, spiritual universe is everlasting- Allah is shapeless, and the souls are created by him-. Human is the supreme creation by Allah- The human development depends on the power of his soul, his deeds and Allah’s mercy A human’s ultimate objective is to prepare himself for the everlasting life and unify his soul with Allah- Islam doesn’t believe in rebirth. Epistemology of Islam At present, people following Islam consider Qur’an as the prime source of any type of knowledge. Hazrat Mohammad divided knowledge in two forms- i. Physical- He has put physical products and social life under physical knowledge ii. Spiritual - knowledge of Islam religion under spiritual knowledge. In Quran, there are three ways mentioned to attain physical knowledge -i. Ilmul Yakeen (believe by estimating) -ii. Enul Yakeen (believe by seeing) -iii. Hakkul Yakeen (believe by touching) This clearly means senses are considered as a medium to attain physical knowledge. Where attaining spiritual knowledge is concerned, Islam considers information given by the prophets. Axiology of Islam According to Qur’an & Islamic Law (Shariyah) Desirable Acts Undesirable Acts divided into Two Parts- -Halal – Lawful -Haram – Unlawful -Fard – Obligatory: An act commanded by Allah in the Holy Qur'an is known as Fard. -Sunnat : --Sunnat-e-Mu’akkadah:�an act done or liked by the Hazrat Mohammad (PBUH) in relation to worship. --Sunnat-e-Ghayr Mu’akkadah:�The Messenger of Allah had performed such an act, but also omitted it without any reason.

Islamic Philosophy - Metaphysics, Epistemology & Axiology from Sahin Sahari

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0 Designs in Educational Research- Descriptive Experimental Historical /slideshow/designs-in-educational-research-descriptive-experimental-historical/237237682 designsineducationalresearch-200725105631
Designs of Educational Research Descriptive Experimental Historical Designs of Educational Research Descriptive : What is ? (Present) Experimental : What will be ? (Future) Historical : What Was ? (Past) Descriptive Research Design It is designed for the investigator to gather information about present existing conditions. It studies investigate phenomena in their natural setting. Here the researcher does not manipulate the variables or arrange for events to happen. The present events or phenomena are observed & described here. Types of Descriptive Research Survey Studies -School Survry -Job Survey -Public Opinion Survey -Social Survey Developmental Studies -Growth Studies ---Longitudinal ---Cross-Sectional -Follow-up Studies -Trends Studies Inter-Relationship Studies -Case Study -Ex-post Facto/ Casual Comparative Studies -Correlation & Prediction Studies -Cross-Cultural & Comparative Studies Historical Research Design Historical Research is the Systematic collection and evaluation of data to describe, explain, and thereby understand actions or events that occurred in the past. No manipulation or control of variables or Data and primarily focuses in the past. Historical research is not based upon experimentation, but upon reports of observation which cannot be repeated. Types of Historical Research -Bibliographic Research -Legal Research -Studying the history of ideas -Studying the history of institutions. Experimental Research Design Experimental research design are concerned with -Examination of the effect of independent variable on the dependent variable, -Where the independent variable is manipulated through treatment or intervention & -The effect of those interventions is observed on the dependant variable. -Data are collected through random method. Types of Experimental Research True Experimental Design -Post-test only , -Pretest post-test only, -Solomon 4 groups , -Factorial , -Randomized block, -Crossover Quasi – Experimental Research Design -Nonrandomized control group design, -Time-series design Pre – Experimental Research Design -One-shot case design , -One-group pretest-posttest design ]]>
Designs of Educational Research Descriptive Experimental Historical Designs of Educational Research Descriptive : What is ? (Present) Experimental : What will be ? (Future) Historical : What Was ? (Past) Descriptive Research Design It is designed for the investigator to gather information about present existing conditions. It studies investigate phenomena in their natural setting. Here the researcher does not manipulate the variables or arrange for events to happen. The present events or phenomena are observed & described here. Types of Descriptive Research Survey Studies -School Survry -Job Survey -Public Opinion Survey -Social Survey Developmental Studies -Growth Studies ---Longitudinal ---Cross-Sectional -Follow-up Studies -Trends Studies Inter-Relationship Studies -Case Study -Ex-post Facto/ Casual Comparative Studies -Correlation & Prediction Studies -Cross-Cultural & Comparative Studies Historical Research Design Historical Research is the Systematic collection and evaluation of data to describe, explain, and thereby understand actions or events that occurred in the past. No manipulation or control of variables or Data and primarily focuses in the past. Historical research is not based upon experimentation, but upon reports of observation which cannot be repeated. Types of Historical Research -Bibliographic Research -Legal Research -Studying the history of ideas -Studying the history of institutions. Experimental Research Design Experimental research design are concerned with -Examination of the effect of independent variable on the dependent variable, -Where the independent variable is manipulated through treatment or intervention & -The effect of those interventions is observed on the dependant variable. -Data are collected through random method. Types of Experimental Research True Experimental Design -Post-test only , -Pretest post-test only, -Solomon 4 groups , -Factorial , -Randomized block, -Crossover Quasi – Experimental Research Design -Nonrandomized control group design, -Time-series design Pre – Experimental Research Design -One-shot case design , -One-group pretest-posttest design ]]> Sat, 25 Jul 2020 10:56:31 GMT /slideshow/designs-in-educational-research-descriptive-experimental-historical/237237682 sain23@slideshare.net(sain23) Designs in Educational Research- Descriptive Experimental Historical sain23 Designs of Educational Research Descriptive Experimental Historical Designs of Educational Research Descriptive : What is ? (Present) Experimental : What will be ? (Future) Historical : What Was ? (Past) Descriptive Research Design It is designed for the investigator to gather information about present existing conditions. It studies investigate phenomena in their natural setting. Here the researcher does not manipulate the variables or arrange for events to happen. The present events or phenomena are observed & described here. Types of Descriptive Research Survey Studies -School Survry -Job Survey -Public Opinion Survey -Social Survey Developmental Studies -Growth Studies ---Longitudinal ---Cross-Sectional -Follow-up Studies -Trends Studies Inter-Relationship Studies -Case Study -Ex-post Facto/ Casual Comparative Studies -Correlation & Prediction Studies -Cross-Cultural & Comparative Studies Historical Research Design Historical Research is the Systematic collection and evaluation of data to describe, explain, and thereby understand actions or events that occurred in the past. No manipulation or control of variables or Data and primarily focuses in the past. Historical research is not based upon experimentation, but upon reports of observation which cannot be repeated. Types of Historical Research -Bibliographic Research -Legal Research -Studying the history of ideas -Studying the history of institutions. Experimental Research Design Experimental research design are concerned with -Examination of the effect of independent variable on the dependent variable, -Where the independent variable is manipulated through treatment or intervention & -The effect of those interventions is observed on the dependant variable. -Data are collected through random method. Types of Experimental Research True Experimental Design -Post-test only , -Pretest post-test only, -Solomon 4 groups , -Factorial , -Randomized block, -Crossover Quasi – Experimental Research Design -Nonrandomized control group design, -Time-series design Pre – Experimental Research Design -One-shot case design , -One-group pretest-posttest design <img style="border:1px solid #C3E6D8;float:right;" alt="" src="https://cdn.slidesharecdn.com/ss_thumbnails/designsineducationalresearch-200725105631-thumbnail.jpg?width=120&height=120&fit=bounds" /> Designs of Educational Research Descriptive Experimental Historical Designs of Educational Research Descriptive : What is ? (Present) Experimental : What will be ? (Future) Historical : What Was ? (Past) Descriptive Research Design It is designed for the investigator to gather information about present existing conditions. It studies investigate phenomena in their natural setting. Here the researcher does not manipulate the variables or arrange for events to happen. The present events or phenomena are observed & described here. Types of Descriptive Research Survey Studies -School Survry -Job Survey -Public Opinion Survey -Social Survey Developmental Studies -Growth Studies ---Longitudinal ---Cross-Sectional -Follow-up Studies -Trends Studies Inter-Relationship Studies -Case Study -Ex-post Facto/ Casual Comparative Studies -Correlation & Prediction Studies -Cross-Cultural & Comparative Studies Historical Research Design Historical Research is the Systematic collection and evaluation of data to describe, explain, and thereby understand actions or events that occurred in the past. No manipulation or control of variables or Data and primarily focuses in the past. Historical research is not based upon experimentation, but upon reports of observation which cannot be repeated. Types of Historical Research -Bibliographic Research -Legal Research -Studying the history of ideas -Studying the history of institutions. Experimental Research Design Experimental research design are concerned with -Examination of the effect of independent variable on the dependent variable, -Where the independent variable is manipulated through treatment or intervention & -The effect of those interventions is observed on the dependant variable. -Data are collected through random method. Types of Experimental Research True Experimental Design -Post-test only , -Pretest post-test only, -Solomon 4 groups , -Factorial , -Randomized block, -Crossover Quasi – Experimental Research Design -Nonrandomized control group design, -Time-series design Pre – Experimental Research Design -One-shot case design , -One-group pretest-posttest design

Designs in Educational Research- Descriptive Experimental Historical from Sahin Sahari

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0 Vedanta Philosophy - Metaphysics, Epistemology & Axiology /slideshow/vedanta-philosophy-metaphysics-epistemology-axiology/237178870 vedanta001-200723112948
Vedanta Philosophy Chief Founder - Badarayana Others Exponents - Sankara, Ballava, Nimbarka, Ramanuja etc. Beginning Time - 1500 BCE Focus - The essence of the Vedas Type of School - Orthodox (Astika) Source Book Badarayana’s- Vedanta Sutra Sub schools of Vedanta- Advaita of Sankara, Visistadvaita of Ramanuja and Dvaita of Madhva and many more. It is also known as Uttara Mimansa Metaphysics of Vedanta Vedata spoke of One Reality (ekam sat) which is spoken of in various ways by the sages. It spoke of That One (tad ekam) that created the world. The Upanishads called it Brahman. Brahman is the Reality of the reality. It is the cause of all created things Brahman is the creator, preserver, and destroyer of the world. All creatures spring out of Brahman. They live in Brahman and are reabsorbed in Brahman. Brahman is the cosmic principle, atman is the psychic principle. It is the inner self in man It implies that creation is self-expression and self communication of God to the creatures. Creation is a moral act of willing and self-sacrifice of Brahman. Epistemology of Vedanta Vedanta Philosophy divided knowledge into two parts -Apara (Temporal or practical): The knowledge of different phases of this material world and human life -Para (spiritual): Ved, Brhmana, Aranayak And Metaphysics Of Geeta are Para knowledge. To gain both of these knowledge Shankar has encouraged the method of -Sharvana (Listening) -Manan (Rumination) -Nidhidyasana (Contemplation) Axiology of Vedanta Vedanta accepts the distinction made by the Kathopanishad between happiness (Preyas) and the highest good (Sreyas). The highest Good is the realization of the eternal universal self in man. Vidya leads to self-realization. Atman can be realized by one who does practice self-control, desirelessness, and concentration of mind. Karma is not excluded from moral life. Prescribed actions should be performed without any desire or motive. Karma purifies the mind; however it is only a preliminary step to self-knowledge. ]]>
Vedanta Philosophy Chief Founder - Badarayana Others Exponents - Sankara, Ballava, Nimbarka, Ramanuja etc. Beginning Time - 1500 BCE Focus - The essence of the Vedas Type of School - Orthodox (Astika) Source Book Badarayana’s- Vedanta Sutra Sub schools of Vedanta- Advaita of Sankara, Visistadvaita of Ramanuja and Dvaita of Madhva and many more. It is also known as Uttara Mimansa Metaphysics of Vedanta Vedata spoke of One Reality (ekam sat) which is spoken of in various ways by the sages. It spoke of That One (tad ekam) that created the world. The Upanishads called it Brahman. Brahman is the Reality of the reality. It is the cause of all created things Brahman is the creator, preserver, and destroyer of the world. All creatures spring out of Brahman. They live in Brahman and are reabsorbed in Brahman. Brahman is the cosmic principle, atman is the psychic principle. It is the inner self in man It implies that creation is self-expression and self communication of God to the creatures. Creation is a moral act of willing and self-sacrifice of Brahman. Epistemology of Vedanta Vedanta Philosophy divided knowledge into two parts -Apara (Temporal or practical): The knowledge of different phases of this material world and human life -Para (spiritual): Ved, Brhmana, Aranayak And Metaphysics Of Geeta are Para knowledge. To gain both of these knowledge Shankar has encouraged the method of -Sharvana (Listening) -Manan (Rumination) -Nidhidyasana (Contemplation) Axiology of Vedanta Vedanta accepts the distinction made by the Kathopanishad between happiness (Preyas) and the highest good (Sreyas). The highest Good is the realization of the eternal universal self in man. Vidya leads to self-realization. Atman can be realized by one who does practice self-control, desirelessness, and concentration of mind. Karma is not excluded from moral life. Prescribed actions should be performed without any desire or motive. Karma purifies the mind; however it is only a preliminary step to self-knowledge. ]]> Thu, 23 Jul 2020 11:29:48 GMT /slideshow/vedanta-philosophy-metaphysics-epistemology-axiology/237178870 sain23@slideshare.net(sain23) Vedanta Philosophy - Metaphysics, Epistemology & Axiology sain23 Vedanta Philosophy Chief Founder - Badarayana Others Exponents - Sankara, Ballava, Nimbarka, Ramanuja etc. Beginning Time - 1500 BCE Focus - The essence of the Vedas Type of School - Orthodox (Astika) Source Book Badarayana’s- Vedanta Sutra Sub schools of Vedanta- Advaita of Sankara, Visistadvaita of Ramanuja and Dvaita of Madhva and many more. It is also known as Uttara Mimansa Metaphysics of Vedanta Vedata spoke of One Reality (ekam sat) which is spoken of in various ways by the sages. It spoke of That One (tad ekam) that created the world. The Upanishads called it Brahman. Brahman is the Reality of the reality. It is the cause of all created things Brahman is the creator, preserver, and destroyer of the world. All creatures spring out of Brahman. They live in Brahman and are reabsorbed in Brahman. Brahman is the cosmic principle, atman is the psychic principle. It is the inner self in man It implies that creation is self-expression and self communication of God to the creatures. Creation is a moral act of willing and self-sacrifice of Brahman. Epistemology of Vedanta Vedanta Philosophy divided knowledge into two parts -Apara (Temporal or practical): The knowledge of different phases of this material world and human life -Para (spiritual): Ved, Brhmana, Aranayak And Metaphysics Of Geeta are Para knowledge. To gain both of these knowledge Shankar has encouraged the method of -Sharvana (Listening) -Manan (Rumination) -Nidhidyasana (Contemplation) Axiology of Vedanta Vedanta accepts the distinction made by the Kathopanishad between happiness (Preyas) and the highest good (Sreyas). The highest Good is the realization of the eternal universal self in man. Vidya leads to self-realization. Atman can be realized by one who does practice self-control, desirelessness, and concentration of mind. Karma is not excluded from moral life. Prescribed actions should be performed without any desire or motive. Karma purifies the mind; however it is only a preliminary step to self-knowledge. <img style="border:1px solid #C3E6D8;float:right;" alt="" src="https://cdn.slidesharecdn.com/ss_thumbnails/vedanta001-200723112948-thumbnail.jpg?width=120&height=120&fit=bounds" /> Vedanta Philosophy Chief Founder - Badarayana Others Exponents - Sankara, Ballava, Nimbarka, Ramanuja etc. Beginning Time - 1500 BCE Focus - The essence of the Vedas Type of School - Orthodox (Astika) Source Book Badarayana’s- Vedanta Sutra Sub schools of Vedanta- Advaita of Sankara, Visistadvaita of Ramanuja and Dvaita of Madhva and many more. It is also known as Uttara Mimansa Metaphysics of Vedanta Vedata spoke of One Reality (ekam sat) which is spoken of in various ways by the sages. It spoke of That One (tad ekam) that created the world. The Upanishads called it Brahman. Brahman is the Reality of the reality. It is the cause of all created things Brahman is the creator, preserver, and destroyer of the world. All creatures spring out of Brahman. They live in Brahman and are reabsorbed in Brahman. Brahman is the cosmic principle, atman is the psychic principle. It is the inner self in man It implies that creation is self-expression and self communication of God to the creatures. Creation is a moral act of willing and self-sacrifice of Brahman. Epistemology of Vedanta Vedanta Philosophy divided knowledge into two parts -Apara (Temporal or practical): The knowledge of different phases of this material world and human life -Para (spiritual): Ved, Brhmana, Aranayak And Metaphysics Of Geeta are Para knowledge. To gain both of these knowledge Shankar has encouraged the method of -Sharvana (Listening) -Manan (Rumination) -Nidhidyasana (Contemplation) Axiology of Vedanta Vedanta accepts the distinction made by the Kathopanishad between happiness (Preyas) and the highest good (Sreyas). The highest Good is the realization of the eternal universal self in man. Vidya leads to self-realization. Atman can be realized by one who does practice self-control, desirelessness, and concentration of mind. Karma is not excluded from moral life. Prescribed actions should be performed without any desire or motive. Karma purifies the mind; however it is only a preliminary step to self-knowledge.

Vedanta Philosophy - Metaphysics, Epistemology & Axiology from Sahin Sahari

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0 Approaches to Educational Research - Qualitative & Quantitative /slideshow/approaches-to-educational-research-qualitative-quantitative/237141660 approachestoeducationalresearch-200722104048
Approaches to Educational Research -Qualitative & Quantitative Qualitative Research A type of research meant for qualitative description of the behavior and events observed in their natural setting and specialized techniques for the analysis and interpretation of the collected qualitative data. Characteristics of Qualitative Research Emphasis on natural setting and cultural context. Primary aimed to describe and secondary aim is to analyze the events & things occurring in the natural setting. Here participants are selected through non-random method Data collected from the natural set-up. The qualitative research is based on inductive reasoning. Types : Ethnography, Phenomenology, Grounded theory, Case study, Historical Research Quantitative Research It tries to seek quantitative description of the things observed in the natural setting or otherwise being manipulated by the researcher in his study. Characteristics of Quantitative Research It is merely concerned with the quantitative description of the things observed. Here sample are collected through random method. This research is based on deductive reasoning. In quantitative research takes the information from the participants mostly in quantitative forms or quantitative expression. ]]>
Approaches to Educational Research -Qualitative & Quantitative Qualitative Research A type of research meant for qualitative description of the behavior and events observed in their natural setting and specialized techniques for the analysis and interpretation of the collected qualitative data. Characteristics of Qualitative Research Emphasis on natural setting and cultural context. Primary aimed to describe and secondary aim is to analyze the events & things occurring in the natural setting. Here participants are selected through non-random method Data collected from the natural set-up. The qualitative research is based on inductive reasoning. Types : Ethnography, Phenomenology, Grounded theory, Case study, Historical Research Quantitative Research It tries to seek quantitative description of the things observed in the natural setting or otherwise being manipulated by the researcher in his study. Characteristics of Quantitative Research It is merely concerned with the quantitative description of the things observed. Here sample are collected through random method. This research is based on deductive reasoning. In quantitative research takes the information from the participants mostly in quantitative forms or quantitative expression. ]]> Wed, 22 Jul 2020 10:40:48 GMT /slideshow/approaches-to-educational-research-qualitative-quantitative/237141660 sain23@slideshare.net(sain23) Approaches to Educational Research - Qualitative & Quantitative sain23 Approaches to Educational Research -Qualitative & Quantitative Qualitative Research A type of research meant for qualitative description of the behavior and events observed in their natural setting and specialized techniques for the analysis and interpretation of the collected qualitative data. Characteristics of Qualitative Research Emphasis on natural setting and cultural context. Primary aimed to describe and secondary aim is to analyze the events & things occurring in the natural setting. Here participants are selected through non-random method Data collected from the natural set-up. The qualitative research is based on inductive reasoning. Types : Ethnography, Phenomenology, Grounded theory, Case study, Historical Research Quantitative Research It tries to seek quantitative description of the things observed in the natural setting or otherwise being manipulated by the researcher in his study. Characteristics of Quantitative Research It is merely concerned with the quantitative description of the things observed. Here sample are collected through random method. This research is based on deductive reasoning. In quantitative research takes the information from the participants mostly in quantitative forms or quantitative expression. <img style="border:1px solid #C3E6D8;float:right;" alt="" src="https://cdn.slidesharecdn.com/ss_thumbnails/approachestoeducationalresearch-200722104048-thumbnail.jpg?width=120&height=120&fit=bounds" /> Approaches to Educational Research -Qualitative & Quantitative Qualitative Research A type of research meant for qualitative description of the behavior and events observed in their natural setting and specialized techniques for the analysis and interpretation of the collected qualitative data. Characteristics of Qualitative Research Emphasis on natural setting and cultural context. Primary aimed to describe and secondary aim is to analyze the events & things occurring in the natural setting. Here participants are selected through non-random method Data collected from the natural set-up. The qualitative research is based on inductive reasoning. Types : Ethnography, Phenomenology, Grounded theory, Case study, Historical Research Quantitative Research It tries to seek quantitative description of the things observed in the natural setting or otherwise being manipulated by the researcher in his study. Characteristics of Quantitative Research It is merely concerned with the quantitative description of the things observed. Here sample are collected through random method. This research is based on deductive reasoning. In quantitative research takes the information from the participants mostly in quantitative forms or quantitative expression.

Approaches to Educational Research - Qualitative & Quantitative from Sahin Sahari

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0 Types of Research - Fundamental, Applied and Action /sain23/types-of-research-fundamental-applied-and-action typesofresearch2-200721110610
Fundamental Research - to Know Something Applied Research - to Do Something Action Research - to do something & Solve Something Fundamental Research Fundamental research, also known as basic research or pure research. This research is driven by curiosity and the desire to expand knowledge in specific research area. The main aim of it’s is the discovery of new knowledge solely for the sake of knowledge. Basic researches involve the development of theory or contribution to the existing body of knowledge. The findings of Basic Research have Universal Validity. In case of Fundamental Research it is the desire to Know something. Applied Research Applied Research is directed towards the solutions of immediate, specific and practical problems. Through applied research, educators are often able to solve their problems at the appropriate level of complexity, that is, in the classroom teaching learning situations. The applied research also uses the scientific method of inquiry. It’s methodology, however, is not as rigorous as applicability and not in terms of universal validity. In case of Applied Research it is the desire to do something. Action Research Action Research is discovered by- Kurt Lewin ‘Corey’ is the originator of the term- ‘Action Research’ In Action Research, a practitioner can try out alternative strategies till the problem is solved satisfactory. It is concerned with a local problem and is conducted in a local setting. In case of Action Research it is the desire to do and solve something. Steps of Action Research -Plan -Act -Observe -Reflect ]]>
Fundamental Research - to Know Something Applied Research - to Do Something Action Research - to do something & Solve Something Fundamental Research Fundamental research, also known as basic research or pure research. This research is driven by curiosity and the desire to expand knowledge in specific research area. The main aim of it’s is the discovery of new knowledge solely for the sake of knowledge. Basic researches involve the development of theory or contribution to the existing body of knowledge. The findings of Basic Research have Universal Validity. In case of Fundamental Research it is the desire to Know something. Applied Research Applied Research is directed towards the solutions of immediate, specific and practical problems. Through applied research, educators are often able to solve their problems at the appropriate level of complexity, that is, in the classroom teaching learning situations. The applied research also uses the scientific method of inquiry. It’s methodology, however, is not as rigorous as applicability and not in terms of universal validity. In case of Applied Research it is the desire to do something. Action Research Action Research is discovered by- Kurt Lewin ‘Corey’ is the originator of the term- ‘Action Research’ In Action Research, a practitioner can try out alternative strategies till the problem is solved satisfactory. It is concerned with a local problem and is conducted in a local setting. In case of Action Research it is the desire to do and solve something. Steps of Action Research -Plan -Act -Observe -Reflect ]]> Tue, 21 Jul 2020 11:06:10 GMT /sain23/types-of-research-fundamental-applied-and-action sain23@slideshare.net(sain23) Types of Research - Fundamental, Applied and Action sain23 Fundamental Research - to Know Something Applied Research - to Do Something Action Research - to do something & Solve Something Fundamental Research Fundamental research, also known as basic research or pure research. This research is driven by curiosity and the desire to expand knowledge in specific research area. The main aim of it’s is the discovery of new knowledge solely for the sake of knowledge. Basic researches involve the development of theory or contribution to the existing body of knowledge. The findings of Basic Research have Universal Validity. In case of Fundamental Research it is the desire to Know something. Applied Research Applied Research is directed towards the solutions of immediate, specific and practical problems. Through applied research, educators are often able to solve their problems at the appropriate level of complexity, that is, in the classroom teaching learning situations. The applied research also uses the scientific method of inquiry. It’s methodology, however, is not as rigorous as applicability and not in terms of universal validity. In case of Applied Research it is the desire to do something. Action Research Action Research is discovered by- Kurt Lewin ‘Corey’ is the originator of the term- ‘Action Research’ In Action Research, a practitioner can try out alternative strategies till the problem is solved satisfactory. It is concerned with a local problem and is conducted in a local setting. In case of Action Research it is the desire to do and solve something. Steps of Action Research -Plan -Act -Observe -Reflect <img style="border:1px solid #C3E6D8;float:right;" alt="" src="https://cdn.slidesharecdn.com/ss_thumbnails/typesofresearch2-200721110610-thumbnail.jpg?width=120&height=120&fit=bounds" /> Fundamental Research - to Know Something Applied Research - to Do Something Action Research - to do something & Solve Something Fundamental Research Fundamental research, also known as basic research or pure research. This research is driven by curiosity and the desire to expand knowledge in specific research area. The main aim of it’s is the discovery of new knowledge solely for the sake of knowledge. Basic researches involve the development of theory or contribution to the existing body of knowledge. The findings of Basic Research have Universal Validity. In case of Fundamental Research it is the desire to Know something. Applied Research Applied Research is directed towards the solutions of immediate, specific and practical problems. Through applied research, educators are often able to solve their problems at the appropriate level of complexity, that is, in the classroom teaching learning situations. The applied research also uses the scientific method of inquiry. It’s methodology, however, is not as rigorous as applicability and not in terms of universal validity. In case of Applied Research it is the desire to do something. Action Research Action Research is discovered by- Kurt Lewin ‘Corey’ is the originator of the term- ‘Action Research’ In Action Research, a practitioner can try out alternative strategies till the problem is solved satisfactory. It is concerned with a local problem and is conducted in a local setting. In case of Action Research it is the desire to do and solve something. Steps of Action Research -Plan -Act -Observe -Reflect

Types of Research - Fundamental, Applied and Action from Sahin Sahari

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0 Aims of Research as a Scientific Activity /slideshow/aims-of-research-as-a-scientific-activity/237070557 aimsofresearchasascientificactivity-200720114048
Aims of Research as a Scientific Activity Problem- solving | Theory Building | Prediction Scientific Activity- Scientific activity is the activities of recognizing that personal and cultural beliefs influence both our perceptions and our interpretations of natural phenomena. It provides a means to formulate questions about general observations and devise theories of explanation. The approach lends itself to answering questions in fair and unbiased statements, a long as questions are posed correctly, in a hypothetical form that can be tested. Aims of Research- To gain familiarity with a phenomenon or to achieve new insights into it. To portray accurately the characteristics of a particular individual, situation or a group. To determine the frequency with which something occurs or with which it is associated with something else. To test a hypothesis of a causal relationship between variables. 1. Problem Solving- Problem solving refers to the ability to use knowledge, facts and data to effectively solve problems. This doesn’t mean you need to have an immediate answer, it means you have to be able to think on your feet, assess problems and find solutions. Steps involved in Problem Solving Confronting the problems Collection of evidence Formulating possible solution of hypothesis Evaluating the sustainability of solutions Testing the possible solutions Arriving at conclusions. 2. Theory Building Meaning of Theory Building: The process of building a statement of concepts and their interrelationships that shows how and/or why a phenomenon occurs. Theory: A theory is a well-substantiated explanation of some aspect of the natural world, based on a body of facts that have been repeatedly confirmed through observation and experiment. Steps of Theory Building -Theories -Propositions -Concepts -Observation of objects and events 3. Prediction It is a statement about a future event in research. Predictions are usually stated as hypotheses, i.e. clear statements which can be subjected to scientific verification. ]]>
Aims of Research as a Scientific Activity Problem- solving | Theory Building | Prediction Scientific Activity- Scientific activity is the activities of recognizing that personal and cultural beliefs influence both our perceptions and our interpretations of natural phenomena. It provides a means to formulate questions about general observations and devise theories of explanation. The approach lends itself to answering questions in fair and unbiased statements, a long as questions are posed correctly, in a hypothetical form that can be tested. Aims of Research- To gain familiarity with a phenomenon or to achieve new insights into it. To portray accurately the characteristics of a particular individual, situation or a group. To determine the frequency with which something occurs or with which it is associated with something else. To test a hypothesis of a causal relationship between variables. 1. Problem Solving- Problem solving refers to the ability to use knowledge, facts and data to effectively solve problems. This doesn’t mean you need to have an immediate answer, it means you have to be able to think on your feet, assess problems and find solutions. Steps involved in Problem Solving Confronting the problems Collection of evidence Formulating possible solution of hypothesis Evaluating the sustainability of solutions Testing the possible solutions Arriving at conclusions. 2. Theory Building Meaning of Theory Building: The process of building a statement of concepts and their interrelationships that shows how and/or why a phenomenon occurs. Theory: A theory is a well-substantiated explanation of some aspect of the natural world, based on a body of facts that have been repeatedly confirmed through observation and experiment. Steps of Theory Building -Theories -Propositions -Concepts -Observation of objects and events 3. Prediction It is a statement about a future event in research. Predictions are usually stated as hypotheses, i.e. clear statements which can be subjected to scientific verification. ]]> Mon, 20 Jul 2020 11:40:48 GMT /slideshow/aims-of-research-as-a-scientific-activity/237070557 sain23@slideshare.net(sain23) Aims of Research as a Scientific Activity sain23 Aims of Research as a Scientific Activity Problem- solving | Theory Building | Prediction Scientific Activity- Scientific activity is the activities of recognizing that personal and cultural beliefs influence both our perceptions and our interpretations of natural phenomena. It provides a means to formulate questions about general observations and devise theories of explanation. The approach lends itself to answering questions in fair and unbiased statements, a long as questions are posed correctly, in a hypothetical form that can be tested. Aims of Research- To gain familiarity with a phenomenon or to achieve new insights into it. To portray accurately the characteristics of a particular individual, situation or a group. To determine the frequency with which something occurs or with which it is associated with something else. To test a hypothesis of a causal relationship between variables. 1. Problem Solving- Problem solving refers to the ability to use knowledge, facts and data to effectively solve problems. This doesn’t mean you need to have an immediate answer, it means you have to be able to think on your feet, assess problems and find solutions. Steps involved in Problem Solving Confronting the problems Collection of evidence Formulating possible solution of hypothesis Evaluating the sustainability of solutions Testing the possible solutions Arriving at conclusions. 2. Theory Building Meaning of Theory Building: The process of building a statement of concepts and their interrelationships that shows how and/or why a phenomenon occurs. Theory: A theory is a well-substantiated explanation of some aspect of the natural world, based on a body of facts that have been repeatedly confirmed through observation and experiment. Steps of Theory Building -Theories -Propositions -Concepts -Observation of objects and events 3. Prediction It is a statement about a future event in research. Predictions are usually stated as hypotheses, i.e. clear statements which can be subjected to scientific verification. <img style="border:1px solid #C3E6D8;float:right;" alt="" src="https://cdn.slidesharecdn.com/ss_thumbnails/aimsofresearchasascientificactivity-200720114048-thumbnail.jpg?width=120&height=120&fit=bounds" /> Aims of Research as a Scientific Activity Problem- solving | Theory Building | Prediction Scientific Activity- Scientific activity is the activities of recognizing that personal and cultural beliefs influence both our perceptions and our interpretations of natural phenomena. It provides a means to formulate questions about general observations and devise theories of explanation. The approach lends itself to answering questions in fair and unbiased statements, a long as questions are posed correctly, in a hypothetical form that can be tested. Aims of Research- To gain familiarity with a phenomenon or to achieve new insights into it. To portray accurately the characteristics of a particular individual, situation or a group. To determine the frequency with which something occurs or with which it is associated with something else. To test a hypothesis of a causal relationship between variables. 1. Problem Solving- Problem solving refers to the ability to use knowledge, facts and data to effectively solve problems. This doesn’t mean you need to have an immediate answer, it means you have to be able to think on your feet, assess problems and find solutions. Steps involved in Problem Solving Confronting the problems Collection of evidence Formulating possible solution of hypothesis Evaluating the sustainability of solutions Testing the possible solutions Arriving at conclusions. 2. Theory Building Meaning of Theory Building: The process of building a statement of concepts and their interrelationships that shows how and/or why a phenomenon occurs. Theory: A theory is a well-substantiated explanation of some aspect of the natural world, based on a body of facts that have been repeatedly confirmed through observation and experiment. Steps of Theory Building -Theories -Propositions -Concepts -Observation of objects and events 3. Prediction It is a statement about a future event in research. Predictions are usually stated as hypotheses, i.e. clear statements which can be subjected to scientific verification.

Aims of Research as a Scientific Activity from Sahin Sahari

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0 Types of Scientific Method /slideshow/types-of-scientific-method/237023238 typesofscientificmethod-200718101328
Types of Scientific Method Exploratory Explanatory Descriptive Exploratory A preliminary investigation of a relatively unknown field which aims to gain new insights. This type of research method conducted for a problem that has not been clearly defined. It is not typically generalizable to the population at large. It is used to clarify/define a problem This is where a researcher has an idea or has observed something and seeks to understand more about it. Esploratory studies are a valuable means of understanding What is happening To assess phenomenon in a new light Explanatory/Causal Research This study is designed to exploring something new When an issue that is already known and have a description of it, we might begin to wonder WHY things are the way they are. The desire to know “WHY”, to explain, is the purpose of explanatory research. Descriptive An in-depth study of an individual, a situal, group, organization or phenomenon which aims to describe the object of study accurately. This study is defined as a research method that describes the characteristics of the population or phenomenon that is being studied This methodology focuses more on the “What” of the research subject rather than the “Why” of the research subject. This method define the research aspects viz., who, what, where, when, why and sometimes how of the research. ]]>
Types of Scientific Method Exploratory Explanatory Descriptive Exploratory A preliminary investigation of a relatively unknown field which aims to gain new insights. This type of research method conducted for a problem that has not been clearly defined. It is not typically generalizable to the population at large. It is used to clarify/define a problem This is where a researcher has an idea or has observed something and seeks to understand more about it. Esploratory studies are a valuable means of understanding What is happening To assess phenomenon in a new light Explanatory/Causal Research This study is designed to exploring something new When an issue that is already known and have a description of it, we might begin to wonder WHY things are the way they are. The desire to know “WHY”, to explain, is the purpose of explanatory research. Descriptive An in-depth study of an individual, a situal, group, organization or phenomenon which aims to describe the object of study accurately. This study is defined as a research method that describes the characteristics of the population or phenomenon that is being studied This methodology focuses more on the “What” of the research subject rather than the “Why” of the research subject. This method define the research aspects viz., who, what, where, when, why and sometimes how of the research. ]]> Sat, 18 Jul 2020 10:13:28 GMT /slideshow/types-of-scientific-method/237023238 sain23@slideshare.net(sain23) Types of Scientific Method sain23 Types of Scientific Method Exploratory Explanatory Descriptive Exploratory A preliminary investigation of a relatively unknown field which aims to gain new insights. This type of research method conducted for a problem that has not been clearly defined. It is not typically generalizable to the population at large. It is used to clarify/define a problem This is where a researcher has an idea or has observed something and seeks to understand more about it. Esploratory studies are a valuable means of understanding What is happening To assess phenomenon in a new light Explanatory/Causal Research This study is designed to exploring something new When an issue that is already known and have a description of it, we might begin to wonder WHY things are the way they are. The desire to know “WHY”, to explain, is the purpose of explanatory research. Descriptive An in-depth study of an individual, a situal, group, organization or phenomenon which aims to describe the object of study accurately. This study is defined as a research method that describes the characteristics of the population or phenomenon that is being studied This methodology focuses more on the “What” of the research subject rather than the “Why” of the research subject. This method define the research aspects viz., who, what, where, when, why and sometimes how of the research. <img style="border:1px solid #C3E6D8;float:right;" alt="" src="https://cdn.slidesharecdn.com/ss_thumbnails/typesofscientificmethod-200718101328-thumbnail.jpg?width=120&height=120&fit=bounds" /> Types of Scientific Method Exploratory Explanatory Descriptive Exploratory A preliminary investigation of a relatively unknown field which aims to gain new insights. This type of research method conducted for a problem that has not been clearly defined. It is not typically generalizable to the population at large. It is used to clarify/define a problem This is where a researcher has an idea or has observed something and seeks to understand more about it. Esploratory studies are a valuable means of understanding What is happening To assess phenomenon in a new light Explanatory/Causal Research This study is designed to exploring something new When an issue that is already known and have a description of it, we might begin to wonder WHY things are the way they are. The desire to know “WHY”, to explain, is the purpose of explanatory research. Descriptive An in-depth study of an individual, a situal, group, organization or phenomenon which aims to describe the object of study accurately. This study is defined as a research method that describes the characteristics of the population or phenomenon that is being studied This methodology focuses more on the “What” of the research subject rather than the “Why” of the research subject. This method define the research aspects viz., who, what, where, when, why and sometimes how of the research.

Types of Scientific Method from Sahin Sahari

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0 Characteristics of Scientific Method /slideshow/characteristics-of-scientific-method-236996672/236996672 charecteristicsofscientificmethod-200717115825
Characteristics of Scientific Method Replicability Precision Parsimony Falsifiability Replicability When other people follow the same steps in your research and get the same or identical result. Precision Theoretical concepts, which are often hard to measure, must be defined with such precision that others can use those definitions to measure those concepts and test that theory. Parsimony When there are many explanations of a phenomenon, researchers must accept the simplest and most logical of them, to prevent explaining with many complex theories. This concept is called Parsimony or “Occam’s Razor”. Occam’s razor or Ockham’s Razor is a principle from philosophy. Falsifiability A theory must always be stated in a way that it can be Disproved. It must be tested or falsified Theories that cannot be tested or falsified are not scientific theories and any such knowledge is not scientific knowledge. Whose concepts are not accurately measurable cannot be tested, and is therefore not scientific. Others Characteristics of Scientific Method Verifiability Objectivity Generalization Systematic study Control Scientific research design Power of prediction Cause and effect relationship Theorization Universability ]]>
Characteristics of Scientific Method Replicability Precision Parsimony Falsifiability Replicability When other people follow the same steps in your research and get the same or identical result. Precision Theoretical concepts, which are often hard to measure, must be defined with such precision that others can use those definitions to measure those concepts and test that theory. Parsimony When there are many explanations of a phenomenon, researchers must accept the simplest and most logical of them, to prevent explaining with many complex theories. This concept is called Parsimony or “Occam’s Razor”. Occam’s razor or Ockham’s Razor is a principle from philosophy. Falsifiability A theory must always be stated in a way that it can be Disproved. It must be tested or falsified Theories that cannot be tested or falsified are not scientific theories and any such knowledge is not scientific knowledge. Whose concepts are not accurately measurable cannot be tested, and is therefore not scientific. Others Characteristics of Scientific Method Verifiability Objectivity Generalization Systematic study Control Scientific research design Power of prediction Cause and effect relationship Theorization Universability ]]> Fri, 17 Jul 2020 11:58:25 GMT /slideshow/characteristics-of-scientific-method-236996672/236996672 sain23@slideshare.net(sain23) Characteristics of Scientific Method sain23 Characteristics of Scientific Method Replicability Precision Parsimony Falsifiability Replicability When other people follow the same steps in your research and get the same or identical result. Precision Theoretical concepts, which are often hard to measure, must be defined with such precision that others can use those definitions to measure those concepts and test that theory. Parsimony When there are many explanations of a phenomenon, researchers must accept the simplest and most logical of them, to prevent explaining with many complex theories. This concept is called Parsimony or “Occam’s Razor”. Occam’s razor or Ockham’s Razor is a principle from philosophy. Falsifiability A theory must always be stated in a way that it can be Disproved. It must be tested or falsified Theories that cannot be tested or falsified are not scientific theories and any such knowledge is not scientific knowledge. Whose concepts are not accurately measurable cannot be tested, and is therefore not scientific. Others Characteristics of Scientific Method Verifiability Objectivity Generalization Systematic study Control Scientific research design Power of prediction Cause and effect relationship Theorization Universability <img style="border:1px solid #C3E6D8;float:right;" alt="" src="https://cdn.slidesharecdn.com/ss_thumbnails/charecteristicsofscientificmethod-200717115825-thumbnail.jpg?width=120&height=120&fit=bounds" /> Characteristics of Scientific Method Replicability Precision Parsimony Falsifiability Replicability When other people follow the same steps in your research and get the same or identical result. Precision Theoretical concepts, which are often hard to measure, must be defined with such precision that others can use those definitions to measure those concepts and test that theory. Parsimony When there are many explanations of a phenomenon, researchers must accept the simplest and most logical of them, to prevent explaining with many complex theories. This concept is called Parsimony or “Occam’s Razor”. Occam’s razor or Ockham’s Razor is a principle from philosophy. Falsifiability A theory must always be stated in a way that it can be Disproved. It must be tested or falsified Theories that cannot be tested or falsified are not scientific theories and any such knowledge is not scientific knowledge. Whose concepts are not accurately measurable cannot be tested, and is therefore not scientific. Others Characteristics of Scientific Method Verifiability Objectivity Generalization Systematic study Control Scientific research design Power of prediction Cause and effect relationship Theorization Universability

Characteristics of Scientific Method from Sahin Sahari

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0 https://cdn.slidesharecdn.com/profile-photo-sain23-48x48.jpg?cb=1729971657 Sahin Sahari is an Assistant Professor of Belda College , Department of Education, West Bengal since 2019. He Passed NET (Education) , SET (Education) , B.A (Edu. Hons in 2014), M.A (Edu. in 2017), B.Ed (2015) from Kalyani University. The Author Published 5 Books and 9 Research Papers in leading Journals and presented good numbers of Research Papers in National and International Seminars. sahinsahari.blogspot.com/ https://cdn.slidesharecdn.com/ss_thumbnails/marywollstonecraft-200812142900-thumbnail.jpg?width=320&height=320&fit=bounds slideshow/contribution-of-marry-wollstonecraft-in-education/237785208 Contribution of Marry ... https://cdn.slidesharecdn.com/ss_thumbnails/savitribaiphule-200811121258-thumbnail.jpg?width=320&height=320&fit=bounds sain23/contribution-of-savitribai-phule-in-education Contribution of Savitr... https://cdn.slidesharecdn.com/ss_thumbnails/charecteristicsofgoodsampie-200810115340-thumbnail.jpg?width=320&height=320&fit=bounds slideshow/characteristics-of-a-good-sample/237712672 Characteristics of a G...