際際滷shows by User: sdng1 / http://www.slideshare.net/images/logo.gif 際際滷shows by User: sdng1 / Wed, 08 Dec 2021 13:59:57 GMT 際際滷Share feed for 際際滷shows by User: sdng1 Elite Avenues: Flyovers, Freeways and the Politics of Urban Mobility /slideshow/elite-avenues-flyovers-freeways-and-the-politics-of-urban-mobility-250805363/250805363 eliteavenuesgraham-1-211208135958
Development and planning elites across many of the burgeoning megacities of the global south still work powerfully to fetishise elevated highways or flyovers as part of their efforts at worlding their cities. In such a context, and given the neglect of such processes in recent urban and mobilities literatures, this article presents an international and interdisciplinary analysis of the urban and vertical politics of raised flyovers, freeways and expressways. It argues that such highways need to be seen as important elements within broader processes of three-dimensional social segregation and secession within and between cities which privilege the mobilities of the privileged. The paper falls into six sections. Following the introduction, the complex genealogies of flyover urban design are discussed. Discussion then moves to the vertical politics of flyovers in the west Bank and post-Apartheid South Africa; the elite imaginings surrounding flyover construction in Mumbai; the political struggles surrounding the ribbons of space beneath flyover systems; and the efforts to bury or re-appropriate the landscapes of raised flyovers.]]>

Development and planning elites across many of the burgeoning megacities of the global south still work powerfully to fetishise elevated highways or flyovers as part of their efforts at worlding their cities. In such a context, and given the neglect of such processes in recent urban and mobilities literatures, this article presents an international and interdisciplinary analysis of the urban and vertical politics of raised flyovers, freeways and expressways. It argues that such highways need to be seen as important elements within broader processes of three-dimensional social segregation and secession within and between cities which privilege the mobilities of the privileged. The paper falls into six sections. Following the introduction, the complex genealogies of flyover urban design are discussed. Discussion then moves to the vertical politics of flyovers in the west Bank and post-Apartheid South Africa; the elite imaginings surrounding flyover construction in Mumbai; the political struggles surrounding the ribbons of space beneath flyover systems; and the efforts to bury or re-appropriate the landscapes of raised flyovers.]]>
Wed, 08 Dec 2021 13:59:57 GMT /slideshow/elite-avenues-flyovers-freeways-and-the-politics-of-urban-mobility-250805363/250805363 sdng1@slideshare.net(sdng1) Elite Avenues: Flyovers, Freeways and the Politics of Urban Mobility sdng1 Development and planning elites across many of the burgeoning megacities of the global south still work powerfully to fetishise elevated highways or flyovers as part of their efforts at worlding their cities. In such a context, and given the neglect of such processes in recent urban and mobilities literatures, this article presents an international and interdisciplinary analysis of the urban and vertical politics of raised flyovers, freeways and expressways. It argues that such highways need to be seen as important elements within broader processes of three-dimensional social segregation and secession within and between cities which privilege the mobilities of the privileged. The paper falls into six sections. Following the introduction, the complex genealogies of flyover urban design are discussed. Discussion then moves to the vertical politics of flyovers in the west Bank and post-Apartheid South Africa; the elite imaginings surrounding flyover construction in Mumbai; the political struggles surrounding the ribbons of space beneath flyover systems; and the efforts to bury or re-appropriate the landscapes of raised flyovers. <img style="border:1px solid #C3E6D8;float:right;" alt="" src="https://cdn.slidesharecdn.com/ss_thumbnails/eliteavenuesgraham-1-211208135958-thumbnail.jpg?width=120&amp;height=120&amp;fit=bounds" /><br> Development and planning elites across many of the burgeoning megacities of the global south still work powerfully to fetishise elevated highways or flyovers as part of their efforts at worlding their cities. In such a context, and given the neglect of such processes in recent urban and mobilities literatures, this article presents an international and interdisciplinary analysis of the urban and vertical politics of raised flyovers, freeways and expressways. It argues that such highways need to be seen as important elements within broader processes of three-dimensional social segregation and secession within and between cities which privilege the mobilities of the privileged. The paper falls into six sections. Following the introduction, the complex genealogies of flyover urban design are discussed. Discussion then moves to the vertical politics of flyovers in the west Bank and post-Apartheid South Africa; the elite imaginings surrounding flyover construction in Mumbai; the political struggles surrounding the ribbons of space beneath flyover systems; and the efforts to bury or re-appropriate the landscapes of raised flyovers.
Elite Avenues: Flyovers, Freeways and the Politics of Urban Mobility from Stephen Graham
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Bunkering down the geography of elite residential basement development in london /slideshow/bunkering-down-the-geography-of-elite-residential-basement-development-in-london/249129617 bunkeringdownthegeographyofeliteresidentialbasementdevelopmentinlondon-210607101637
Much has been written about the luxified skies high-rise, super-prime housing for the super-rich that has been sprouting up across London. Thus far, less attention has been paid to what has been happening to the subterranean city. The luxified skies are highly visible reminders of elite verticality but, what we might term, luxified troglodytism is also an important aspect of Londons changing geometries of wealth, power and architecture. In this paper, we map out in detail the emerging subterranean geography of residential basement development across London since 2008. The very wealthy, it turns out, have been bunkering down across certain parts of London, to an extent hitherto little understood. Some 7,328 new residential basements underneath existing houses had been granted planning permission up to late-2019. Over 1,500 of them are of a size that their locations might best be thought of as marking out a distinct plutocratic basement belt.]]>

Much has been written about the luxified skies high-rise, super-prime housing for the super-rich that has been sprouting up across London. Thus far, less attention has been paid to what has been happening to the subterranean city. The luxified skies are highly visible reminders of elite verticality but, what we might term, luxified troglodytism is also an important aspect of Londons changing geometries of wealth, power and architecture. In this paper, we map out in detail the emerging subterranean geography of residential basement development across London since 2008. The very wealthy, it turns out, have been bunkering down across certain parts of London, to an extent hitherto little understood. Some 7,328 new residential basements underneath existing houses had been granted planning permission up to late-2019. Over 1,500 of them are of a size that their locations might best be thought of as marking out a distinct plutocratic basement belt.]]>
Mon, 07 Jun 2021 10:16:37 GMT /slideshow/bunkering-down-the-geography-of-elite-residential-basement-development-in-london/249129617 sdng1@slideshare.net(sdng1) Bunkering down the geography of elite residential basement development in london sdng1 Much has been written about the luxified skies high-rise, super-prime housing for the super-rich that has been sprouting up across London. Thus far, less attention has been paid to what has been happening to the subterranean city. The luxified skies are highly visible reminders of elite verticality but, what we might term, luxified troglodytism is also an important aspect of Londons changing geometries of wealth, power and architecture. In this paper, we map out in detail the emerging subterranean geography of residential basement development across London since 2008. The very wealthy, it turns out, have been bunkering down across certain parts of London, to an extent hitherto little understood. Some 7,328 new residential basements underneath existing houses had been granted planning permission up to late-2019. Over 1,500 of them are of a size that their locations might best be thought of as marking out a distinct plutocratic basement belt. <img style="border:1px solid #C3E6D8;float:right;" alt="" src="https://cdn.slidesharecdn.com/ss_thumbnails/bunkeringdownthegeographyofeliteresidentialbasementdevelopmentinlondon-210607101637-thumbnail.jpg?width=120&amp;height=120&amp;fit=bounds" /><br> Much has been written about the luxified skies high-rise, super-prime housing for the super-rich that has been sprouting up across London. Thus far, less attention has been paid to what has been happening to the subterranean city. The luxified skies are highly visible reminders of elite verticality but, what we might term, luxified troglodytism is also an important aspect of Londons changing geometries of wealth, power and architecture. In this paper, we map out in detail the emerging subterranean geography of residential basement development across London since 2008. The very wealthy, it turns out, have been bunkering down across certain parts of London, to an extent hitherto little understood. Some 7,328 new residential basements underneath existing houses had been granted planning permission up to late-2019. Over 1,500 of them are of a size that their locations might best be thought of as marking out a distinct plutocratic basement belt.
Bunkering down the geography of elite residential basement development in london from Stephen Graham
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Vertical : The city from satellites to bunkers /slideshow/vertical-the-city-from-satellites-to-bunkers-143110752/143110752 vertical-cityfromsattelitestobunkers-190501185603
A revolutionary reimagining of the cities we live in, the air above us, and what goes on in the earth beneath our feet Today we live in a world that can no longer be read as a two-dimensional map, but must now be understood as a series of vertical strata that reach from the satellites that encircle our planet to the tunnels deep within the ground. In Vertical, Stephen Graham rewrites the city at every level: how the geography of inequality, politics, and identity is determined in terms of above and below. Starting at the edge of earths atmosphere and, in a series of riveting studies, descending through each layer, Graham explores the world of drones, the city from the viewpoint of an aerial bomber, the design of sidewalks and the hidden depths of underground bunkers. He asks: why was Dubai built to be seen from Google Earth? How do the super-rich in S達o Paulo live in their penthouses far above the street? Why do London billionaires build vast subterranean basements? And how do the technology of elevators and subversive urban explorers shape life on the surface and subsurface of the earth? Vertical will make you look at the world around you anew: this is a revolution in understanding your place in the world. ]]>

A revolutionary reimagining of the cities we live in, the air above us, and what goes on in the earth beneath our feet Today we live in a world that can no longer be read as a two-dimensional map, but must now be understood as a series of vertical strata that reach from the satellites that encircle our planet to the tunnels deep within the ground. In Vertical, Stephen Graham rewrites the city at every level: how the geography of inequality, politics, and identity is determined in terms of above and below. Starting at the edge of earths atmosphere and, in a series of riveting studies, descending through each layer, Graham explores the world of drones, the city from the viewpoint of an aerial bomber, the design of sidewalks and the hidden depths of underground bunkers. He asks: why was Dubai built to be seen from Google Earth? How do the super-rich in S達o Paulo live in their penthouses far above the street? Why do London billionaires build vast subterranean basements? And how do the technology of elevators and subversive urban explorers shape life on the surface and subsurface of the earth? Vertical will make you look at the world around you anew: this is a revolution in understanding your place in the world. ]]>
Wed, 01 May 2019 18:56:03 GMT /slideshow/vertical-the-city-from-satellites-to-bunkers-143110752/143110752 sdng1@slideshare.net(sdng1) Vertical : The city from satellites to bunkers sdng1 A revolutionary reimagining of the cities we live in, the air above us, and what goes on in the earth beneath our feet Today we live in a world that can no longer be read as a two-dimensional map, but must now be understood as a series of vertical strata that reach from the satellites that encircle our planet to the tunnels deep within the ground. In Vertical, Stephen Graham rewrites the city at every level: how the geography of inequality, politics, and identity is determined in terms of above and below. Starting at the edge of earths atmosphere and, in a series of riveting studies, descending through each layer, Graham explores the world of drones, the city from the viewpoint of an aerial bomber, the design of sidewalks and the hidden depths of underground bunkers. He asks: why was Dubai built to be seen from Google Earth? How do the super-rich in S達o Paulo live in their penthouses far above the street? Why do London billionaires build vast subterranean basements? And how do the technology of elevators and subversive urban explorers shape life on the surface and subsurface of the earth? Vertical will make you look at the world around you anew: this is a revolution in understanding your place in the world. <img style="border:1px solid #C3E6D8;float:right;" alt="" src="https://cdn.slidesharecdn.com/ss_thumbnails/vertical-cityfromsattelitestobunkers-190501185603-thumbnail.jpg?width=120&amp;height=120&amp;fit=bounds" /><br> A revolutionary reimagining of the cities we live in, the air above us, and what goes on in the earth beneath our feet Today we live in a world that can no longer be read as a two-dimensional map, but must now be understood as a series of vertical strata that reach from the satellites that encircle our planet to the tunnels deep within the ground. In Vertical, Stephen Graham rewrites the city at every level: how the geography of inequality, politics, and identity is determined in terms of above and below. Starting at the edge of earths atmosphere and, in a series of riveting studies, descending through each layer, Graham explores the world of drones, the city from the viewpoint of an aerial bomber, the design of sidewalks and the hidden depths of underground bunkers. He asks: why was Dubai built to be seen from Google Earth? How do the super-rich in S達o Paulo live in their penthouses far above the street? Why do London billionaires build vast subterranean basements? And how do the technology of elevators and subversive urban explorers shape life on the surface and subsurface of the earth? Vertical will make you look at the world around you anew: this is a revolution in understanding your place in the world.
Vertical : The city from satellites to bunkers from Stephen Graham
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Upright: Verticality, Language and the Politics of Bodies and Cities /slideshow/upright-verticality-language-and-the-politics-of-bodies-and-cities-136073857/136073857 finaluprightcopy-190313104824
An analysis oh how vertical metaphors in language intersect with the politics of upright human bodies and rapidly verticalising cities. ]]>

An analysis oh how vertical metaphors in language intersect with the politics of upright human bodies and rapidly verticalising cities. ]]>
Wed, 13 Mar 2019 10:48:24 GMT /slideshow/upright-verticality-language-and-the-politics-of-bodies-and-cities-136073857/136073857 sdng1@slideshare.net(sdng1) Upright: Verticality, Language and the Politics of Bodies and Cities sdng1 An analysis oh how vertical metaphors in language intersect with the politics of upright human bodies and rapidly verticalising cities. <img style="border:1px solid #C3E6D8;float:right;" alt="" src="https://cdn.slidesharecdn.com/ss_thumbnails/finaluprightcopy-190313104824-thumbnail.jpg?width=120&amp;height=120&amp;fit=bounds" /><br> An analysis oh how vertical metaphors in language intersect with the politics of upright human bodies and rapidly verticalising cities.
Upright: Verticality, Language and the Politics of Bodies and Cities from Stephen Graham
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Smart cities: A sceptic's view /slideshow/smart-cities-a-sceptics-view/125155231 eindhovensmartcitiesgraham-181206125118
Offering a critical response to the dominant vision of the smart city, this talk seeks to look beyond the seductive imagery and hype that surrounds emerging smart city paradigms. In their place, it explores arrange of critical perspectives to smart city planning that are emerging across the social sciences and activist communities, in various places across the world. These critiques centre, broadly, on ways in which smart city paradigms radically deepen urban surveillance ; the way they embed power into corporate urban operating systems; the way the glossy hype and marketing hides tendencies toward authoritarianism and centralized power ; and the way in which smart city labels are used to camouflage the construction of highly elitist urban enclaves. The talk will finish by exploring efforts to mobilise digital media to more democratic and egalitarian urban vision.]]>

Offering a critical response to the dominant vision of the smart city, this talk seeks to look beyond the seductive imagery and hype that surrounds emerging smart city paradigms. In their place, it explores arrange of critical perspectives to smart city planning that are emerging across the social sciences and activist communities, in various places across the world. These critiques centre, broadly, on ways in which smart city paradigms radically deepen urban surveillance ; the way they embed power into corporate urban operating systems; the way the glossy hype and marketing hides tendencies toward authoritarianism and centralized power ; and the way in which smart city labels are used to camouflage the construction of highly elitist urban enclaves. The talk will finish by exploring efforts to mobilise digital media to more democratic and egalitarian urban vision.]]>
Thu, 06 Dec 2018 12:51:18 GMT /slideshow/smart-cities-a-sceptics-view/125155231 sdng1@slideshare.net(sdng1) Smart cities: A sceptic's view sdng1 Offering a critical response to the dominant vision of the smart city, this talk seeks to look beyond the seductive imagery and hype that surrounds emerging smart city paradigms. In their place, it explores arrange of critical perspectives to smart city planning that are emerging across the social sciences and activist communities, in various places across the world. These critiques centre, broadly, on ways in which smart city paradigms radically deepen urban surveillance ; the way they embed power into corporate urban operating systems; the way the glossy hype and marketing hides tendencies toward authoritarianism and centralized power ; and the way in which smart city labels are used to camouflage the construction of highly elitist urban enclaves. The talk will finish by exploring efforts to mobilise digital media to more democratic and egalitarian urban vision. <img style="border:1px solid #C3E6D8;float:right;" alt="" src="https://cdn.slidesharecdn.com/ss_thumbnails/eindhovensmartcitiesgraham-181206125118-thumbnail.jpg?width=120&amp;height=120&amp;fit=bounds" /><br> Offering a critical response to the dominant vision of the smart city, this talk seeks to look beyond the seductive imagery and hype that surrounds emerging smart city paradigms. In their place, it explores arrange of critical perspectives to smart city planning that are emerging across the social sciences and activist communities, in various places across the world. These critiques centre, broadly, on ways in which smart city paradigms radically deepen urban surveillance ; the way they embed power into corporate urban operating systems; the way the glossy hype and marketing hides tendencies toward authoritarianism and centralized power ; and the way in which smart city labels are used to camouflage the construction of highly elitist urban enclaves. The talk will finish by exploring efforts to mobilise digital media to more democratic and egalitarian urban vision.
Smart cities: A sceptic's view from Stephen Graham
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Transcending the surface graham: The New Techno-Utopian Dreams (and Realities!) of Volumetric Mobility /slideshow/transcending-the-surface-graham-the-new-technoutopian-dreams-and-realities-of-volumetric-mobility/112763663 transcendingthesurfacegraham-180903084723
A presentation about a range of utopian projects for moving about cities above and below the surface via tunnels. orbital travel, supersonic airliners and vertical take off and autonomous 'sky taxis'.]]>

A presentation about a range of utopian projects for moving about cities above and below the surface via tunnels. orbital travel, supersonic airliners and vertical take off and autonomous 'sky taxis'.]]>
Mon, 03 Sep 2018 08:47:23 GMT /slideshow/transcending-the-surface-graham-the-new-technoutopian-dreams-and-realities-of-volumetric-mobility/112763663 sdng1@slideshare.net(sdng1) Transcending the surface graham: The New Techno-Utopian Dreams (and Realities!) of Volumetric Mobility sdng1 A presentation about a range of utopian projects for moving about cities above and below the surface via tunnels. orbital travel, supersonic airliners and vertical take off and autonomous 'sky taxis'. <img style="border:1px solid #C3E6D8;float:right;" alt="" src="https://cdn.slidesharecdn.com/ss_thumbnails/transcendingthesurfacegraham-180903084723-thumbnail.jpg?width=120&amp;height=120&amp;fit=bounds" /><br> A presentation about a range of utopian projects for moving about cities above and below the surface via tunnels. orbital travel, supersonic airliners and vertical take off and autonomous &#39;sky taxis&#39;.
Transcending the surface graham: The New Techno-Utopian Dreams (and Realities!) of Volumetric Mobility from Stephen Graham
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Subterranean urban politics: Insurgency, sanctuary, exploration and tourism /sdng1/subterranean-urban-politics-insurgency-sanctuary-exploration-and-tourism birkbexjsubterranean-180516214828
A presentation, drawing on my book 'Vertical', exploring the politics of the urban subterranean. The wide-ranging discussion explores the subterranean as a source of class threats and insurrections; as a sanctuary; as a space of exploration; and as a site for tourism.]]>

A presentation, drawing on my book 'Vertical', exploring the politics of the urban subterranean. The wide-ranging discussion explores the subterranean as a source of class threats and insurrections; as a sanctuary; as a space of exploration; and as a site for tourism.]]>
Wed, 16 May 2018 21:48:28 GMT /sdng1/subterranean-urban-politics-insurgency-sanctuary-exploration-and-tourism sdng1@slideshare.net(sdng1) Subterranean urban politics: Insurgency, sanctuary, exploration and tourism sdng1 A presentation, drawing on my book 'Vertical', exploring the politics of the urban subterranean. The wide-ranging discussion explores the subterranean as a source of class threats and insurrections; as a sanctuary; as a space of exploration; and as a site for tourism. <img style="border:1px solid #C3E6D8;float:right;" alt="" src="https://cdn.slidesharecdn.com/ss_thumbnails/birkbexjsubterranean-180516214828-thumbnail.jpg?width=120&amp;height=120&amp;fit=bounds" /><br> A presentation, drawing on my book &#39;Vertical&#39;, exploring the politics of the urban subterranean. The wide-ranging discussion explores the subterranean as a source of class threats and insurrections; as a sanctuary; as a space of exploration; and as a site for tourism.
Subterranean urban politics: Insurgency, sanctuary, exploration and tourism from Stephen Graham
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Elite avenues: Flyovers, freeways and the politics of urban mobility /slideshow/elite-avenues-flyovers-freeways-and-the-politics-of-urban-mobility/88375156 eliteavenues-180220111951
Development and planning elites across many of the burgeoning megacities of the Global South still work powerfully to fetishise elevated highways or flyovers as part of their efforts at worlding their cities. In such a context, and given the neglect of such processes in recent urban and mobilities literatures, this paper presents an international and interdis- ciplinary analysis of the urban and vertical politics of raised flyovers, freeways and express- ways. It argues that such highways need to be seen as important elements within broader processes of three-dimensional social segregation and secession within and between cities which privilege the mobilities of the privileged. The paper falls into six sections. Following the introduction, the complex genealogies of flyover urban design are discussed. Discussion then moves to the vertical politics of flyovers in the West Bank and post-Apartheid South Africa; the elite imaginings surrounding flyover construction in Mumbai; the political struggles surrounding the ribbons of space beneath flyover systems; and the efforts to bury or reappropriate the landscapes of raised flyovers.]]>

Development and planning elites across many of the burgeoning megacities of the Global South still work powerfully to fetishise elevated highways or flyovers as part of their efforts at worlding their cities. In such a context, and given the neglect of such processes in recent urban and mobilities literatures, this paper presents an international and interdis- ciplinary analysis of the urban and vertical politics of raised flyovers, freeways and express- ways. It argues that such highways need to be seen as important elements within broader processes of three-dimensional social segregation and secession within and between cities which privilege the mobilities of the privileged. The paper falls into six sections. Following the introduction, the complex genealogies of flyover urban design are discussed. Discussion then moves to the vertical politics of flyovers in the West Bank and post-Apartheid South Africa; the elite imaginings surrounding flyover construction in Mumbai; the political struggles surrounding the ribbons of space beneath flyover systems; and the efforts to bury or reappropriate the landscapes of raised flyovers.]]>
Tue, 20 Feb 2018 11:19:51 GMT /slideshow/elite-avenues-flyovers-freeways-and-the-politics-of-urban-mobility/88375156 sdng1@slideshare.net(sdng1) Elite avenues: Flyovers, freeways and the politics of urban mobility sdng1 Development and planning elites across many of the burgeoning megacities of the Global South still work powerfully to fetishise elevated highways or flyovers as part of their efforts at worlding their cities. In such a context, and given the neglect of such processes in recent urban and mobilities literatures, this paper presents an international and interdis- ciplinary analysis of the urban and vertical politics of raised flyovers, freeways and express- ways. It argues that such highways need to be seen as important elements within broader processes of three-dimensional social segregation and secession within and between cities which privilege the mobilities of the privileged. The paper falls into six sections. Following the introduction, the complex genealogies of flyover urban design are discussed. Discussion then moves to the vertical politics of flyovers in the West Bank and post-Apartheid South Africa; the elite imaginings surrounding flyover construction in Mumbai; the political struggles surrounding the ribbons of space beneath flyover systems; and the efforts to bury or reappropriate the landscapes of raised flyovers. <img style="border:1px solid #C3E6D8;float:right;" alt="" src="https://cdn.slidesharecdn.com/ss_thumbnails/eliteavenues-180220111951-thumbnail.jpg?width=120&amp;height=120&amp;fit=bounds" /><br> Development and planning elites across many of the burgeoning megacities of the Global South still work powerfully to fetishise elevated highways or flyovers as part of their efforts at worlding their cities. In such a context, and given the neglect of such processes in recent urban and mobilities literatures, this paper presents an international and interdis- ciplinary analysis of the urban and vertical politics of raised flyovers, freeways and express- ways. It argues that such highways need to be seen as important elements within broader processes of three-dimensional social segregation and secession within and between cities which privilege the mobilities of the privileged. The paper falls into six sections. Following the introduction, the complex genealogies of flyover urban design are discussed. Discussion then moves to the vertical politics of flyovers in the West Bank and post-Apartheid South Africa; the elite imaginings surrounding flyover construction in Mumbai; the political struggles surrounding the ribbons of space beneath flyover systems; and the efforts to bury or reappropriate the landscapes of raised flyovers.
Elite avenues: Flyovers, freeways and the politics of urban mobility from Stephen Graham
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luxified skies stephen graham /slideshow/luxified-skies-stephen-graham/71629278 yorkluxskies2final-170201105420
This presentation is a call for critical urban research to address the vertical as well as horizontal aspects of social inequality. It seeks, in particular, to explore the important but neglected causal connection between the demonisation and dismantling of social housing towers constructed in many cities between the 1930s and 1970s and the contemporary proliferation of radically different housing towers produced for socio-economic elites. The argument begins with a critical discussion of the economistic orthodoxy, derived from the work of Edward Glaeser, that contemporary housing crises are best addressed by removing state intervention in housing production so that market-driven verticalisation can take place. The following two sections connect the rise of such orthodoxy with the manufactured realityso central to neo-liberal urban orthodoxythat vertical social housing must necessarily fail because it deterministically creates social pathology. The remainder of the paper explores in detail how the dominance of these narratives have been central to elite takeovers, and luxification, of the urban skies through the proliferation of condo towers for the super-rich. Case studies are drawn from Vancouver, New York, London, Mumbai and Guatemala City and the broader vertical cultural and visual politics of the process are explored. The discussion finishes by exploring the challenges involved in contesting, and dismantling, the hegemonic dominance of vertical housing by elite interests in contemporary cities.]]>

This presentation is a call for critical urban research to address the vertical as well as horizontal aspects of social inequality. It seeks, in particular, to explore the important but neglected causal connection between the demonisation and dismantling of social housing towers constructed in many cities between the 1930s and 1970s and the contemporary proliferation of radically different housing towers produced for socio-economic elites. The argument begins with a critical discussion of the economistic orthodoxy, derived from the work of Edward Glaeser, that contemporary housing crises are best addressed by removing state intervention in housing production so that market-driven verticalisation can take place. The following two sections connect the rise of such orthodoxy with the manufactured realityso central to neo-liberal urban orthodoxythat vertical social housing must necessarily fail because it deterministically creates social pathology. The remainder of the paper explores in detail how the dominance of these narratives have been central to elite takeovers, and luxification, of the urban skies through the proliferation of condo towers for the super-rich. Case studies are drawn from Vancouver, New York, London, Mumbai and Guatemala City and the broader vertical cultural and visual politics of the process are explored. The discussion finishes by exploring the challenges involved in contesting, and dismantling, the hegemonic dominance of vertical housing by elite interests in contemporary cities.]]>
Wed, 01 Feb 2017 10:54:20 GMT /slideshow/luxified-skies-stephen-graham/71629278 sdng1@slideshare.net(sdng1) luxified skies stephen graham sdng1 This presentation is a call for critical urban research to address the vertical as well as horizontal aspects of social inequality. It seeks, in particular, to explore the important but neglected causal connection between the demonisation and dismantling of social housing towers constructed in many cities between the 1930s and 1970s and the contemporary proliferation of radically different housing towers produced for socio-economic elites. The argument begins with a critical discussion of the economistic orthodoxy, derived from the work of Edward Glaeser, that contemporary housing crises are best addressed by removing state intervention in housing production so that market-driven verticalisation can take place. The following two sections connect the rise of such orthodoxy with the manufactured realityso central to neo-liberal urban orthodoxythat vertical social housing must necessarily fail because it deterministically creates social pathology. The remainder of the paper explores in detail how the dominance of these narratives have been central to elite takeovers, and luxification, of the urban skies through the proliferation of condo towers for the super-rich. Case studies are drawn from Vancouver, New York, London, Mumbai and Guatemala City and the broader vertical cultural and visual politics of the process are explored. The discussion finishes by exploring the challenges involved in contesting, and dismantling, the hegemonic dominance of vertical housing by elite interests in contemporary cities. <img style="border:1px solid #C3E6D8;float:right;" alt="" src="https://cdn.slidesharecdn.com/ss_thumbnails/yorkluxskies2final-170201105420-thumbnail.jpg?width=120&amp;height=120&amp;fit=bounds" /><br> This presentation is a call for critical urban research to address the vertical as well as horizontal aspects of social inequality. It seeks, in particular, to explore the important but neglected causal connection between the demonisation and dismantling of social housing towers constructed in many cities between the 1930s and 1970s and the contemporary proliferation of radically different housing towers produced for socio-economic elites. The argument begins with a critical discussion of the economistic orthodoxy, derived from the work of Edward Glaeser, that contemporary housing crises are best addressed by removing state intervention in housing production so that market-driven verticalisation can take place. The following two sections connect the rise of such orthodoxy with the manufactured realityso central to neo-liberal urban orthodoxythat vertical social housing must necessarily fail because it deterministically creates social pathology. The remainder of the paper explores in detail how the dominance of these narratives have been central to elite takeovers, and luxification, of the urban skies through the proliferation of condo towers for the super-rich. Case studies are drawn from Vancouver, New York, London, Mumbai and Guatemala City and the broader vertical cultural and visual politics of the process are explored. The discussion finishes by exploring the challenges involved in contesting, and dismantling, the hegemonic dominance of vertical housing by elite interests in contemporary cities.
luxified skies stephen graham from Stephen Graham
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Vertical noir: Histories of the future in urban science fiction /slideshow/vertical-noir-histories-of-the-future-in-urban-science-fiction-69462655/69462655 verticalnoir-161123162620
Unerringly, across its whole history, urban science fiction has offered up imagined cities that operate about remarkably similar and highly verticalised visions. These are heavily dominated by politics of class, resistance and revolution that are starkly organized around vertically stratified and vertically exaggerated urban spaces. From the early and definitive efforts of H.G. Wells and Fritz Lang, through J.G. Ballards 1975 novel High Rise, to many cyberpunk classics, this essay the latest in a series in City on the vertical dimensions of cities1 reflects on how vertical imaginaries in urban science fiction intersect with the politics and contestations of the fast-verticalising cities around the world. The essay has four parts. It begins by disentangling in detail the ways in which the sci-fi visions of Wells, Lang, Ballard and various cyberpunk authors were centrally constituted through vertical structures, landscapes, metaphors and allegories. The essays second part then teases out the complex linkages between verticalised sci-fi imaginaries and material cityscapes that are actually constructed, lived and experienced. Stressing the impossibility of some clean and binary opposition between factual and fictional cities, the essay explores how verticalised projects, material cities, sci-fi texts, imaginary futures, architectural schemes and urban theories mingle and resonate together in complex, unpredictable and important ways which do much to shape contemporary urban landscapes. The third section of the essay explores such connections through the cases of retro-futuristic urban megaprojects in the Gulf and forests of towers recently constructed in Shanghais Pudong district. The essays final discussion draws on these cases to explore the possibilities that sci-fi imaginaries offer for contesting the rapid verticalisation of cities around the world.]]>

Unerringly, across its whole history, urban science fiction has offered up imagined cities that operate about remarkably similar and highly verticalised visions. These are heavily dominated by politics of class, resistance and revolution that are starkly organized around vertically stratified and vertically exaggerated urban spaces. From the early and definitive efforts of H.G. Wells and Fritz Lang, through J.G. Ballards 1975 novel High Rise, to many cyberpunk classics, this essay the latest in a series in City on the vertical dimensions of cities1 reflects on how vertical imaginaries in urban science fiction intersect with the politics and contestations of the fast-verticalising cities around the world. The essay has four parts. It begins by disentangling in detail the ways in which the sci-fi visions of Wells, Lang, Ballard and various cyberpunk authors were centrally constituted through vertical structures, landscapes, metaphors and allegories. The essays second part then teases out the complex linkages between verticalised sci-fi imaginaries and material cityscapes that are actually constructed, lived and experienced. Stressing the impossibility of some clean and binary opposition between factual and fictional cities, the essay explores how verticalised projects, material cities, sci-fi texts, imaginary futures, architectural schemes and urban theories mingle and resonate together in complex, unpredictable and important ways which do much to shape contemporary urban landscapes. The third section of the essay explores such connections through the cases of retro-futuristic urban megaprojects in the Gulf and forests of towers recently constructed in Shanghais Pudong district. The essays final discussion draws on these cases to explore the possibilities that sci-fi imaginaries offer for contesting the rapid verticalisation of cities around the world.]]>
Wed, 23 Nov 2016 16:26:20 GMT /slideshow/vertical-noir-histories-of-the-future-in-urban-science-fiction-69462655/69462655 sdng1@slideshare.net(sdng1) Vertical noir: Histories of the future in urban science fiction sdng1 Unerringly, across its whole history, urban science fiction has offered up imagined cities that operate about remarkably similar and highly verticalised visions. These are heavily dominated by politics of class, resistance and revolution that are starkly organized around vertically stratified and vertically exaggerated urban spaces. From the early and definitive efforts of H.G. Wells and Fritz Lang, through J.G. Ballards 1975 novel High Rise, to many cyberpunk classics, this essay the latest in a series in City on the vertical dimensions of cities1 reflects on how vertical imaginaries in urban science fiction intersect with the politics and contestations of the fast-verticalising cities around the world. The essay has four parts. It begins by disentangling in detail the ways in which the sci-fi visions of Wells, Lang, Ballard and various cyberpunk authors were centrally constituted through vertical structures, landscapes, metaphors and allegories. The essays second part then teases out the complex linkages between verticalised sci-fi imaginaries and material cityscapes that are actually constructed, lived and experienced. Stressing the impossibility of some clean and binary opposition between factual and fictional cities, the essay explores how verticalised projects, material cities, sci-fi texts, imaginary futures, architectural schemes and urban theories mingle and resonate together in complex, unpredictable and important ways which do much to shape contemporary urban landscapes. The third section of the essay explores such connections through the cases of retro-futuristic urban megaprojects in the Gulf and forests of towers recently constructed in Shanghais Pudong district. The essays final discussion draws on these cases to explore the possibilities that sci-fi imaginaries offer for contesting the rapid verticalisation of cities around the world. <img style="border:1px solid #C3E6D8;float:right;" alt="" src="https://cdn.slidesharecdn.com/ss_thumbnails/verticalnoir-161123162620-thumbnail.jpg?width=120&amp;height=120&amp;fit=bounds" /><br> Unerringly, across its whole history, urban science fiction has offered up imagined cities that operate about remarkably similar and highly verticalised visions. These are heavily dominated by politics of class, resistance and revolution that are starkly organized around vertically stratified and vertically exaggerated urban spaces. From the early and definitive efforts of H.G. Wells and Fritz Lang, through J.G. Ballards 1975 novel High Rise, to many cyberpunk classics, this essay the latest in a series in City on the vertical dimensions of cities1 reflects on how vertical imaginaries in urban science fiction intersect with the politics and contestations of the fast-verticalising cities around the world. The essay has four parts. It begins by disentangling in detail the ways in which the sci-fi visions of Wells, Lang, Ballard and various cyberpunk authors were centrally constituted through vertical structures, landscapes, metaphors and allegories. The essays second part then teases out the complex linkages between verticalised sci-fi imaginaries and material cityscapes that are actually constructed, lived and experienced. Stressing the impossibility of some clean and binary opposition between factual and fictional cities, the essay explores how verticalised projects, material cities, sci-fi texts, imaginary futures, architectural schemes and urban theories mingle and resonate together in complex, unpredictable and important ways which do much to shape contemporary urban landscapes. The third section of the essay explores such connections through the cases of retro-futuristic urban megaprojects in the Gulf and forests of towers recently constructed in Shanghais Pudong district. The essays final discussion draws on these cases to explore the possibilities that sci-fi imaginaries offer for contesting the rapid verticalisation of cities around the world.
Vertical noir: Histories of the future in urban science fiction from Stephen Graham
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Vertical: The City From Satellites to Bunkers Stephen Graham /slideshow/vertical-the-city-from-satellites-to-bunkers-stephen-graham/68396562 verticallaunchfinal-161108110054
A presentation outlining some of the themes to my new book, 'Vertical: The City From Satellites to Bunkers' (Verso, 2016). "A revolutionary reimagining of the cities we live in, the air above us, and what goes on in the earth beneath our feet Today we live in a world that can no longer be read as a two-dimensional map, but must now be understood as a series of vertical strata that reach from the satellites that encircle our planet to the tunnels deep within the ground. In Vertical, Stephen Graham rewrites the city at every level: how the geography of inequality, politics, and identity is determined in terms of above and below. Starting at the edge of earths atmosphere and, in a series of riveting studies, descending through each layer, Graham explores the world of drones, the city from the viewpoint of an aerial bomber, the design of sidewalks and the hidden depths of underground bunkers. He asks: why was Dubai built to be seen from Google Earth? How do the super-rich in S達o Paulo live in their penthouses far above the street? Why do London billionaires build vast subterranean basements? And how do the technology of elevators and subversive urban explorers shape life on the surface and subsurface of the earth? Vertical will make you look at the world around you anew: this is a revolution in understanding your place in the world." See https://www.versobooks.com/books/2237-vertical]]>

A presentation outlining some of the themes to my new book, 'Vertical: The City From Satellites to Bunkers' (Verso, 2016). "A revolutionary reimagining of the cities we live in, the air above us, and what goes on in the earth beneath our feet Today we live in a world that can no longer be read as a two-dimensional map, but must now be understood as a series of vertical strata that reach from the satellites that encircle our planet to the tunnels deep within the ground. In Vertical, Stephen Graham rewrites the city at every level: how the geography of inequality, politics, and identity is determined in terms of above and below. Starting at the edge of earths atmosphere and, in a series of riveting studies, descending through each layer, Graham explores the world of drones, the city from the viewpoint of an aerial bomber, the design of sidewalks and the hidden depths of underground bunkers. He asks: why was Dubai built to be seen from Google Earth? How do the super-rich in S達o Paulo live in their penthouses far above the street? Why do London billionaires build vast subterranean basements? And how do the technology of elevators and subversive urban explorers shape life on the surface and subsurface of the earth? Vertical will make you look at the world around you anew: this is a revolution in understanding your place in the world." See https://www.versobooks.com/books/2237-vertical]]>
Tue, 08 Nov 2016 11:00:54 GMT /slideshow/vertical-the-city-from-satellites-to-bunkers-stephen-graham/68396562 sdng1@slideshare.net(sdng1) Vertical: The City From Satellites to Bunkers Stephen Graham sdng1 A presentation outlining some of the themes to my new book, 'Vertical: The City From Satellites to Bunkers' (Verso, 2016). "A revolutionary reimagining of the cities we live in, the air above us, and what goes on in the earth beneath our feet Today we live in a world that can no longer be read as a two-dimensional map, but must now be understood as a series of vertical strata that reach from the satellites that encircle our planet to the tunnels deep within the ground. In Vertical, Stephen Graham rewrites the city at every level: how the geography of inequality, politics, and identity is determined in terms of above and below. Starting at the edge of earths atmosphere and, in a series of riveting studies, descending through each layer, Graham explores the world of drones, the city from the viewpoint of an aerial bomber, the design of sidewalks and the hidden depths of underground bunkers. He asks: why was Dubai built to be seen from Google Earth? How do the super-rich in S達o Paulo live in their penthouses far above the street? Why do London billionaires build vast subterranean basements? And how do the technology of elevators and subversive urban explorers shape life on the surface and subsurface of the earth? Vertical will make you look at the world around you anew: this is a revolution in understanding your place in the world." See https://www.versobooks.com/books/2237-vertical <img style="border:1px solid #C3E6D8;float:right;" alt="" src="https://cdn.slidesharecdn.com/ss_thumbnails/verticallaunchfinal-161108110054-thumbnail.jpg?width=120&amp;height=120&amp;fit=bounds" /><br> A presentation outlining some of the themes to my new book, &#39;Vertical: The City From Satellites to Bunkers&#39; (Verso, 2016). &quot;A revolutionary reimagining of the cities we live in, the air above us, and what goes on in the earth beneath our feet Today we live in a world that can no longer be read as a two-dimensional map, but must now be understood as a series of vertical strata that reach from the satellites that encircle our planet to the tunnels deep within the ground. In Vertical, Stephen Graham rewrites the city at every level: how the geography of inequality, politics, and identity is determined in terms of above and below. Starting at the edge of earths atmosphere and, in a series of riveting studies, descending through each layer, Graham explores the world of drones, the city from the viewpoint of an aerial bomber, the design of sidewalks and the hidden depths of underground bunkers. He asks: why was Dubai built to be seen from Google Earth? How do the super-rich in S達o Paulo live in their penthouses far above the street? Why do London billionaires build vast subterranean basements? And how do the technology of elevators and subversive urban explorers shape life on the surface and subsurface of the earth? Vertical will make you look at the world around you anew: this is a revolution in understanding your place in the world.&quot; See https://www.versobooks.com/books/2237-vertical
Vertical: The City From Satellites to Bunkers Stephen Graham from Stephen Graham
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Vertical noir: Histories of the future in urban science fiction /slideshow/vertical-noir-histories-of-the-future-in-urban-science-fiction/64653583 verticalnoir-160803103335
Unerringly, across its whole history, urban science fiction has offered up imagined cities that operate about remarkably similar and highly verticalised visions. These are heavily dominated by politics of class, resistance and revolution that are starkly organized around vertically stratified and vertically exaggerated urban spaces. From the early and definitive efforts of H.G. Wells and Fritz Lang, through J.G. Ballards 1975 novel 'High Rise', to many cyberpunk classics, this essay the latest in a series on the vertical dimensions of cities reflects on how vertical imaginaries in urban science fiction intersect with the politics and contestations of the fast-verticalising cities around the world. The essay has four parts. It begins by disentangling in detail the ways in which the sci-fi visions of Wells, Lang, Ballard and various cyberpunk authors were centrally constituted through vertical structures, landscapes, metaphors and allegories. The essays second part then then teases out the complex linkages between verticalised sci-fi imaginaries and material cityscapes that are actually constructed, lived and experienced. Stressing the impossibility of some clean and binary opposition between factual and fictional cities, the essay explores how verticalised projects, material cities, sci-fi texts, imaginary futures, architectural schemes and urban theories mingle and resonate together in complex, unpredictable and important ways which do much to shape contemporary urban landscapes. The third section of the essay explores such connections through the cases of retro-futuristic urban megaprojects in the Gulf and forests of towers recently constructed in Shanghais Pudong district. The essays final discussion draws on these cases to explore the possibilities that sci-fi imaginaries offer for contesting the rapid verticalisation of cities around the world.]]>

Unerringly, across its whole history, urban science fiction has offered up imagined cities that operate about remarkably similar and highly verticalised visions. These are heavily dominated by politics of class, resistance and revolution that are starkly organized around vertically stratified and vertically exaggerated urban spaces. From the early and definitive efforts of H.G. Wells and Fritz Lang, through J.G. Ballards 1975 novel 'High Rise', to many cyberpunk classics, this essay the latest in a series on the vertical dimensions of cities reflects on how vertical imaginaries in urban science fiction intersect with the politics and contestations of the fast-verticalising cities around the world. The essay has four parts. It begins by disentangling in detail the ways in which the sci-fi visions of Wells, Lang, Ballard and various cyberpunk authors were centrally constituted through vertical structures, landscapes, metaphors and allegories. The essays second part then then teases out the complex linkages between verticalised sci-fi imaginaries and material cityscapes that are actually constructed, lived and experienced. Stressing the impossibility of some clean and binary opposition between factual and fictional cities, the essay explores how verticalised projects, material cities, sci-fi texts, imaginary futures, architectural schemes and urban theories mingle and resonate together in complex, unpredictable and important ways which do much to shape contemporary urban landscapes. The third section of the essay explores such connections through the cases of retro-futuristic urban megaprojects in the Gulf and forests of towers recently constructed in Shanghais Pudong district. The essays final discussion draws on these cases to explore the possibilities that sci-fi imaginaries offer for contesting the rapid verticalisation of cities around the world.]]>
Wed, 03 Aug 2016 10:33:35 GMT /slideshow/vertical-noir-histories-of-the-future-in-urban-science-fiction/64653583 sdng1@slideshare.net(sdng1) Vertical noir: Histories of the future in urban science fiction sdng1 Unerringly, across its whole history, urban science fiction has offered up imagined cities that operate about remarkably similar and highly verticalised visions. These are heavily dominated by politics of class, resistance and revolution that are starkly organized around vertically stratified and vertically exaggerated urban spaces. From the early and definitive efforts of H.G. Wells and Fritz Lang, through J.G. Ballards 1975 novel 'High Rise', to many cyberpunk classics, this essay the latest in a series on the vertical dimensions of cities reflects on how vertical imaginaries in urban science fiction intersect with the politics and contestations of the fast-verticalising cities around the world. The essay has four parts. It begins by disentangling in detail the ways in which the sci-fi visions of Wells, Lang, Ballard and various cyberpunk authors were centrally constituted through vertical structures, landscapes, metaphors and allegories. The essays second part then then teases out the complex linkages between verticalised sci-fi imaginaries and material cityscapes that are actually constructed, lived and experienced. Stressing the impossibility of some clean and binary opposition between factual and fictional cities, the essay explores how verticalised projects, material cities, sci-fi texts, imaginary futures, architectural schemes and urban theories mingle and resonate together in complex, unpredictable and important ways which do much to shape contemporary urban landscapes. The third section of the essay explores such connections through the cases of retro-futuristic urban megaprojects in the Gulf and forests of towers recently constructed in Shanghais Pudong district. The essays final discussion draws on these cases to explore the possibilities that sci-fi imaginaries offer for contesting the rapid verticalisation of cities around the world. <img style="border:1px solid #C3E6D8;float:right;" alt="" src="https://cdn.slidesharecdn.com/ss_thumbnails/verticalnoir-160803103335-thumbnail.jpg?width=120&amp;height=120&amp;fit=bounds" /><br> Unerringly, across its whole history, urban science fiction has offered up imagined cities that operate about remarkably similar and highly verticalised visions. These are heavily dominated by politics of class, resistance and revolution that are starkly organized around vertically stratified and vertically exaggerated urban spaces. From the early and definitive efforts of H.G. Wells and Fritz Lang, through J.G. Ballards 1975 novel &#39;High Rise&#39;, to many cyberpunk classics, this essay the latest in a series on the vertical dimensions of cities reflects on how vertical imaginaries in urban science fiction intersect with the politics and contestations of the fast-verticalising cities around the world. The essay has four parts. It begins by disentangling in detail the ways in which the sci-fi visions of Wells, Lang, Ballard and various cyberpunk authors were centrally constituted through vertical structures, landscapes, metaphors and allegories. The essays second part then then teases out the complex linkages between verticalised sci-fi imaginaries and material cityscapes that are actually constructed, lived and experienced. Stressing the impossibility of some clean and binary opposition between factual and fictional cities, the essay explores how verticalised projects, material cities, sci-fi texts, imaginary futures, architectural schemes and urban theories mingle and resonate together in complex, unpredictable and important ways which do much to shape contemporary urban landscapes. The third section of the essay explores such connections through the cases of retro-futuristic urban megaprojects in the Gulf and forests of towers recently constructed in Shanghais Pudong district. The essays final discussion draws on these cases to explore the possibilities that sci-fi imaginaries offer for contesting the rapid verticalisation of cities around the world.
Vertical noir: Histories of the future in urban science fiction from Stephen Graham
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Megastructures Graham /slideshow/megastructures-graham/60987371 megastructurse-160416111422
Histories of the Future in Contemporary Megastructures An exploration of the development of multi-level cities around the world, and their links to historic futurism]]>

Histories of the Future in Contemporary Megastructures An exploration of the development of multi-level cities around the world, and their links to historic futurism]]>
Sat, 16 Apr 2016 11:14:22 GMT /slideshow/megastructures-graham/60987371 sdng1@slideshare.net(sdng1) Megastructures Graham sdng1 Histories of the Future in Contemporary Megastructures An exploration of the development of multi-level cities around the world, and their links to historic futurism <img style="border:1px solid #C3E6D8;float:right;" alt="" src="https://cdn.slidesharecdn.com/ss_thumbnails/megastructurse-160416111422-thumbnail.jpg?width=120&amp;height=120&amp;fit=bounds" /><br> Histories of the Future in Contemporary Megastructures An exploration of the development of multi-level cities around the world, and their links to historic futurism
Megastructures Graham from Stephen Graham
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Super-tall and ultra-deep: The Politics of the Elevators /slideshow/supertall-and-ultradeep-the-politics-of-the-elevators/60987295 super-tallandultra-deep-theverticalpoliticsofsuper-tallandultra-deep-graham-160416111034
Entire libraries can be filled with volumes exploring the cultures, politics and geographies of the largely horizontal mobilities and transportation infrastructures that are intrinsic to urban modernity (highways, railways, subways, public transit and so on). And yet the recent mobilities turn has almost completely neglected the cultural geographies and politics of vertical transportation within and between the buildings of vertically-structured cityscapes. Attempting to rectify this neglect, this article seeks, first, to bring elevator travel centrally into discussions about the cultural politics of urban space and, second, to connect elevator urbanism to the even more neglected worlds of elevator-based descent in ultra-deep mining. The article addresses, in turn: the historical emergence of elevator urbanism; the cultural significance of the elevator as spectacle; the global race in elevator speed; shifts towards the splintering of elevator experiences; experiments with new mobility systems which blend elevators and automobiles; problems of vertical abandonment; and, finally, the neglected vertical politics of elevator-based ultra-deep mining.]]>

Entire libraries can be filled with volumes exploring the cultures, politics and geographies of the largely horizontal mobilities and transportation infrastructures that are intrinsic to urban modernity (highways, railways, subways, public transit and so on). And yet the recent mobilities turn has almost completely neglected the cultural geographies and politics of vertical transportation within and between the buildings of vertically-structured cityscapes. Attempting to rectify this neglect, this article seeks, first, to bring elevator travel centrally into discussions about the cultural politics of urban space and, second, to connect elevator urbanism to the even more neglected worlds of elevator-based descent in ultra-deep mining. The article addresses, in turn: the historical emergence of elevator urbanism; the cultural significance of the elevator as spectacle; the global race in elevator speed; shifts towards the splintering of elevator experiences; experiments with new mobility systems which blend elevators and automobiles; problems of vertical abandonment; and, finally, the neglected vertical politics of elevator-based ultra-deep mining.]]>
Sat, 16 Apr 2016 11:10:34 GMT /slideshow/supertall-and-ultradeep-the-politics-of-the-elevators/60987295 sdng1@slideshare.net(sdng1) Super-tall and ultra-deep: The Politics of the Elevators sdng1 Entire libraries can be filled with volumes exploring the cultures, politics and geographies of the largely horizontal mobilities and transportation infrastructures that are intrinsic to urban modernity (highways, railways, subways, public transit and so on). And yet the recent mobilities turn has almost completely neglected the cultural geographies and politics of vertical transportation within and between the buildings of vertically-structured cityscapes. Attempting to rectify this neglect, this article seeks, first, to bring elevator travel centrally into discussions about the cultural politics of urban space and, second, to connect elevator urbanism to the even more neglected worlds of elevator-based descent in ultra-deep mining. The article addresses, in turn: the historical emergence of elevator urbanism; the cultural significance of the elevator as spectacle; the global race in elevator speed; shifts towards the splintering of elevator experiences; experiments with new mobility systems which blend elevators and automobiles; problems of vertical abandonment; and, finally, the neglected vertical politics of elevator-based ultra-deep mining. <img style="border:1px solid #C3E6D8;float:right;" alt="" src="https://cdn.slidesharecdn.com/ss_thumbnails/super-tallandultra-deep-theverticalpoliticsofsuper-tallandultra-deep-graham-160416111034-thumbnail.jpg?width=120&amp;height=120&amp;fit=bounds" /><br> Entire libraries can be filled with volumes exploring the cultures, politics and geographies of the largely horizontal mobilities and transportation infrastructures that are intrinsic to urban modernity (highways, railways, subways, public transit and so on). And yet the recent mobilities turn has almost completely neglected the cultural geographies and politics of vertical transportation within and between the buildings of vertically-structured cityscapes. Attempting to rectify this neglect, this article seeks, first, to bring elevator travel centrally into discussions about the cultural politics of urban space and, second, to connect elevator urbanism to the even more neglected worlds of elevator-based descent in ultra-deep mining. The article addresses, in turn: the historical emergence of elevator urbanism; the cultural significance of the elevator as spectacle; the global race in elevator speed; shifts towards the splintering of elevator experiences; experiments with new mobility systems which blend elevators and automobiles; problems of vertical abandonment; and, finally, the neglected vertical politics of elevator-based ultra-deep mining.
Super-tall and ultra-deep: The Politics of the Elevators from Stephen Graham
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Vertical ground: making geology graham icus 2016 /sdng1/vertical-ground-making-geology-graham-icus-2016 verticalgroundgrahamicua2016-160311215433
Key note presentation at the Island Cities and Urban Archipelagos 2016. 07-12 March 2016, Hong Kong, University of Hong Kong See http://www.islandcities.org/icua2016.html]]>

Key note presentation at the Island Cities and Urban Archipelagos 2016. 07-12 March 2016, Hong Kong, University of Hong Kong See http://www.islandcities.org/icua2016.html]]>
Fri, 11 Mar 2016 21:54:33 GMT /sdng1/vertical-ground-making-geology-graham-icus-2016 sdng1@slideshare.net(sdng1) Vertical ground: making geology graham icus 2016 sdng1 Key note presentation at the Island Cities and Urban Archipelagos 2016. 07-12 March 2016, Hong Kong, University of Hong Kong See http://www.islandcities.org/icua2016.html <img style="border:1px solid #C3E6D8;float:right;" alt="" src="https://cdn.slidesharecdn.com/ss_thumbnails/verticalgroundgrahamicua2016-160311215433-thumbnail.jpg?width=120&amp;height=120&amp;fit=bounds" /><br> Key note presentation at the Island Cities and Urban Archipelagos 2016. 07-12 March 2016, Hong Kong, University of Hong Kong See http://www.islandcities.org/icua2016.html
Vertical ground: making geology graham icus 2016 from Stephen Graham
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Life support: The political ecology of urban air /slideshow/city-life-support-graham/46740247 citylifesupportgraham-150407143919-conversion-gate01
Humans, increasingly, manufacture their own air. In and around the three-dimensional aerial environments within and above urban regions, this manufacture of air reaches particular levels of intensity. For a species that expires without air in two or three minutes, this anthropogenic manufacture of air is of incalculable importance. Curiously, however, urban air remains remarkably neglected within the politicalecological literatures. Accordingly, this paper suggests a range of key themes, which a political ecology of urban air needs to address. These touch upon the links between global warming, urban heat-island effects and killer urban heatwaves; urban pollution crises; the paradoxes of urban pollution; horizontal movements of polluted air; the vertical politics of urban air; the construction of vertical condominium structures for elites; the vicious circles that characterise air-conditioned urbanism; heat-related deaths of workers building air-conditioned structures in increasingly hot climates; the growth of large-scale air-conditioned environments; and, finally, the manipulation of urban air through political violence.]]>

Humans, increasingly, manufacture their own air. In and around the three-dimensional aerial environments within and above urban regions, this manufacture of air reaches particular levels of intensity. For a species that expires without air in two or three minutes, this anthropogenic manufacture of air is of incalculable importance. Curiously, however, urban air remains remarkably neglected within the politicalecological literatures. Accordingly, this paper suggests a range of key themes, which a political ecology of urban air needs to address. These touch upon the links between global warming, urban heat-island effects and killer urban heatwaves; urban pollution crises; the paradoxes of urban pollution; horizontal movements of polluted air; the vertical politics of urban air; the construction of vertical condominium structures for elites; the vicious circles that characterise air-conditioned urbanism; heat-related deaths of workers building air-conditioned structures in increasingly hot climates; the growth of large-scale air-conditioned environments; and, finally, the manipulation of urban air through political violence.]]>
Tue, 07 Apr 2015 14:39:19 GMT /slideshow/city-life-support-graham/46740247 sdng1@slideshare.net(sdng1) Life support: The political ecology of urban air sdng1 Humans, increasingly, manufacture their own air. In and around the three-dimensional aerial environments within and above urban regions, this manufacture of air reaches particular levels of intensity. For a species that expires without air in two or three minutes, this anthropogenic manufacture of air is of incalculable importance. Curiously, however, urban air remains remarkably neglected within the politicalecological literatures. Accordingly, this paper suggests a range of key themes, which a political ecology of urban air needs to address. These touch upon the links between global warming, urban heat-island effects and killer urban heatwaves; urban pollution crises; the paradoxes of urban pollution; horizontal movements of polluted air; the vertical politics of urban air; the construction of vertical condominium structures for elites; the vicious circles that characterise air-conditioned urbanism; heat-related deaths of workers building air-conditioned structures in increasingly hot climates; the growth of large-scale air-conditioned environments; and, finally, the manipulation of urban air through political violence. <img style="border:1px solid #C3E6D8;float:right;" alt="" src="https://cdn.slidesharecdn.com/ss_thumbnails/citylifesupportgraham-150407143919-conversion-gate01-thumbnail.jpg?width=120&amp;height=120&amp;fit=bounds" /><br> Humans, increasingly, manufacture their own air. In and around the three-dimensional aerial environments within and above urban regions, this manufacture of air reaches particular levels of intensity. For a species that expires without air in two or three minutes, this anthropogenic manufacture of air is of incalculable importance. Curiously, however, urban air remains remarkably neglected within the politicalecological literatures. Accordingly, this paper suggests a range of key themes, which a political ecology of urban air needs to address. These touch upon the links between global warming, urban heat-island effects and killer urban heatwaves; urban pollution crises; the paradoxes of urban pollution; horizontal movements of polluted air; the vertical politics of urban air; the construction of vertical condominium structures for elites; the vicious circles that characterise air-conditioned urbanism; heat-related deaths of workers building air-conditioned structures in increasingly hot climates; the growth of large-scale air-conditioned environments; and, finally, the manipulation of urban air through political violence.
Life support: The political ecology of urban air from Stephen Graham
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Vertical cities: Representations of urban verticality in 20th-century science fiction literature Lucy Hewitt and Stephen Graham /slideshow/urban-stud-sci-fi-copy/44824133 urbanstudscificopy-150218044643-conversion-gate01
Vertical cities: Representations of urban verticality in 20th-century science fiction literature Lucy Hewitt and Stephen Graham This paper seeks to intersect two recent trends in urban research. First, it takes seriously the recognition that established traditions of research concerned with urban space have tended to privilege the horizontal extension of cities to the neglect of their vertical or volumetric extension. Second, the paper contributes to the resurgence of interest among social scientists in the validity of fiction and especially speculative or science fiction as a source of critical commentary and as a mode of knowledge that can exist in close reciprocity with non-fictional work. From these two starting points the paper develops a reading of the dialogue between the representations of vertical urban life that have featured in landmark works of 20th-century science fiction literature and key themes in contemporary urban analysis.]]>

Vertical cities: Representations of urban verticality in 20th-century science fiction literature Lucy Hewitt and Stephen Graham This paper seeks to intersect two recent trends in urban research. First, it takes seriously the recognition that established traditions of research concerned with urban space have tended to privilege the horizontal extension of cities to the neglect of their vertical or volumetric extension. Second, the paper contributes to the resurgence of interest among social scientists in the validity of fiction and especially speculative or science fiction as a source of critical commentary and as a mode of knowledge that can exist in close reciprocity with non-fictional work. From these two starting points the paper develops a reading of the dialogue between the representations of vertical urban life that have featured in landmark works of 20th-century science fiction literature and key themes in contemporary urban analysis.]]>
Wed, 18 Feb 2015 04:46:43 GMT /slideshow/urban-stud-sci-fi-copy/44824133 sdng1@slideshare.net(sdng1) Vertical cities: Representations of urban verticality in 20th-century science fiction literature Lucy Hewitt and Stephen Graham sdng1 Vertical cities: Representations of urban verticality in 20th-century science fiction literature Lucy Hewitt and Stephen Graham This paper seeks to intersect two recent trends in urban research. First, it takes seriously the recognition that established traditions of research concerned with urban space have tended to privilege the horizontal extension of cities to the neglect of their vertical or volumetric extension. Second, the paper contributes to the resurgence of interest among social scientists in the validity of fiction and especially speculative or science fiction as a source of critical commentary and as a mode of knowledge that can exist in close reciprocity with non-fictional work. From these two starting points the paper develops a reading of the dialogue between the representations of vertical urban life that have featured in landmark works of 20th-century science fiction literature and key themes in contemporary urban analysis. <img style="border:1px solid #C3E6D8;float:right;" alt="" src="https://cdn.slidesharecdn.com/ss_thumbnails/urbanstudscificopy-150218044643-conversion-gate01-thumbnail.jpg?width=120&amp;height=120&amp;fit=bounds" /><br> Vertical cities: Representations of urban verticality in 20th-century science fiction literature Lucy Hewitt and Stephen Graham This paper seeks to intersect two recent trends in urban research. First, it takes seriously the recognition that established traditions of research concerned with urban space have tended to privilege the horizontal extension of cities to the neglect of their vertical or volumetric extension. Second, the paper contributes to the resurgence of interest among social scientists in the validity of fiction and especially speculative or science fiction as a source of critical commentary and as a mode of knowledge that can exist in close reciprocity with non-fictional work. From these two starting points the paper develops a reading of the dialogue between the representations of vertical urban life that have featured in landmark works of 20th-century science fiction literature and key themes in contemporary urban analysis.
Vertical cities: Representations of urban verticality in 20th-century science fiction literature Lucy Hewitt and Stephen Graham from Stephen Graham
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Water Wars in Mumbai /slideshow/pc-water-wars-copy/44824070 pcwaterwarscopy-150218044444-conversion-gate02
Water Wars in Mumbai Stephen Graham, Renu Desai, and Colin McFarlane Beyond the Pale The Mumbai Mirror, January 8, 2010. A photograph shows a line of proud Mumbai police officers standing behind row upon row of what appear at first sight to be rusted machine guns (see fig. 1). But this is not one of the arms caches regularly unearthed to demonstrate the forces effectiveness against the myriad terrorist networks that regularly target urban sites in contemporary India. Rather, the objects are water booster pumps, confiscated in a new campaign of dawn raids targeting water theft by slum dwellers in the Shivaji Nagar and Govandi districts (see fig. 2 map below). Stealing Water to Earn a Few Bucks? the headline reads. Pay a Hefty Price! (Sathe 2010). The article details how the raids are being backed up by new legal moves to criminalize certain uses of water. Hundreds of people, arrested for installing and using the pumps, are to be prosecuted under draconian and nonbailable laws such as the Prevention of Damages to Public Property Act. All this activity is portrayed unproblematically as a heroic response to the threat that water theft in slums poses to the wider, formal, legitimate, and law-abiding city. Pilferages, if not controlled, writes the author, could exhaust the potable water reserves before the next monsoon (Sathe 2010). Such statements tap into a mainstream discourse according to which recent poor monsoons have led to a major water crisis in Mumbai, necessitating radical, emergency measures to address widespread water theft or water pilferage especially by the urban poor. What such discourses occlude, however, are the ways that current systems of urban water provision work to systematically dehydrate and profit from urban slum communities, while water wastage by the affluent and their preferred urban facilities goes unchecked.]]>

Water Wars in Mumbai Stephen Graham, Renu Desai, and Colin McFarlane Beyond the Pale The Mumbai Mirror, January 8, 2010. A photograph shows a line of proud Mumbai police officers standing behind row upon row of what appear at first sight to be rusted machine guns (see fig. 1). But this is not one of the arms caches regularly unearthed to demonstrate the forces effectiveness against the myriad terrorist networks that regularly target urban sites in contemporary India. Rather, the objects are water booster pumps, confiscated in a new campaign of dawn raids targeting water theft by slum dwellers in the Shivaji Nagar and Govandi districts (see fig. 2 map below). Stealing Water to Earn a Few Bucks? the headline reads. Pay a Hefty Price! (Sathe 2010). The article details how the raids are being backed up by new legal moves to criminalize certain uses of water. Hundreds of people, arrested for installing and using the pumps, are to be prosecuted under draconian and nonbailable laws such as the Prevention of Damages to Public Property Act. All this activity is portrayed unproblematically as a heroic response to the threat that water theft in slums poses to the wider, formal, legitimate, and law-abiding city. Pilferages, if not controlled, writes the author, could exhaust the potable water reserves before the next monsoon (Sathe 2010). Such statements tap into a mainstream discourse according to which recent poor monsoons have led to a major water crisis in Mumbai, necessitating radical, emergency measures to address widespread water theft or water pilferage especially by the urban poor. What such discourses occlude, however, are the ways that current systems of urban water provision work to systematically dehydrate and profit from urban slum communities, while water wastage by the affluent and their preferred urban facilities goes unchecked.]]>
Wed, 18 Feb 2015 04:44:44 GMT /slideshow/pc-water-wars-copy/44824070 sdng1@slideshare.net(sdng1) Water Wars in Mumbai sdng1 Water Wars in Mumbai Stephen Graham, Renu Desai, and Colin McFarlane Beyond the Pale The Mumbai Mirror, January 8, 2010. A photograph shows a line of proud Mumbai police officers standing behind row upon row of what appear at first sight to be rusted machine guns (see fig. 1). But this is not one of the arms caches regularly unearthed to demonstrate the forces effectiveness against the myriad terrorist networks that regularly target urban sites in contemporary India. Rather, the objects are water booster pumps, confiscated in a new campaign of dawn raids targeting water theft by slum dwellers in the Shivaji Nagar and Govandi districts (see fig. 2 map below). Stealing Water to Earn a Few Bucks? the headline reads. Pay a Hefty Price! (Sathe 2010). The article details how the raids are being backed up by new legal moves to criminalize certain uses of water. Hundreds of people, arrested for installing and using the pumps, are to be prosecuted under draconian and nonbailable laws such as the Prevention of Damages to Public Property Act. All this activity is portrayed unproblematically as a heroic response to the threat that water theft in slums poses to the wider, formal, legitimate, and law-abiding city. Pilferages, if not controlled, writes the author, could exhaust the potable water reserves before the next monsoon (Sathe 2010). Such statements tap into a mainstream discourse according to which recent poor monsoons have led to a major water crisis in Mumbai, necessitating radical, emergency measures to address widespread water theft or water pilferage especially by the urban poor. What such discourses occlude, however, are the ways that current systems of urban water provision work to systematically dehydrate and profit from urban slum communities, while water wastage by the affluent and their preferred urban facilities goes unchecked. <img style="border:1px solid #C3E6D8;float:right;" alt="" src="https://cdn.slidesharecdn.com/ss_thumbnails/pcwaterwarscopy-150218044444-conversion-gate02-thumbnail.jpg?width=120&amp;height=120&amp;fit=bounds" /><br> Water Wars in Mumbai Stephen Graham, Renu Desai, and Colin McFarlane Beyond the Pale The Mumbai Mirror, January 8, 2010. A photograph shows a line of proud Mumbai police officers standing behind row upon row of what appear at first sight to be rusted machine guns (see fig. 1). But this is not one of the arms caches regularly unearthed to demonstrate the forces effectiveness against the myriad terrorist networks that regularly target urban sites in contemporary India. Rather, the objects are water booster pumps, confiscated in a new campaign of dawn raids targeting water theft by slum dwellers in the Shivaji Nagar and Govandi districts (see fig. 2 map below). Stealing Water to Earn a Few Bucks? the headline reads. Pay a Hefty Price! (Sathe 2010). The article details how the raids are being backed up by new legal moves to criminalize certain uses of water. Hundreds of people, arrested for installing and using the pumps, are to be prosecuted under draconian and nonbailable laws such as the Prevention of Damages to Public Property Act. All this activity is portrayed unproblematically as a heroic response to the threat that water theft in slums poses to the wider, formal, legitimate, and law-abiding city. Pilferages, if not controlled, writes the author, could exhaust the potable water reserves before the next monsoon (Sathe 2010). Such statements tap into a mainstream discourse according to which recent poor monsoons have led to a major water crisis in Mumbai, necessitating radical, emergency measures to address widespread water theft or water pilferage especially by the urban poor. What such discourses occlude, however, are the ways that current systems of urban water provision work to systematically dehydrate and profit from urban slum communities, while water wastage by the affluent and their preferred urban facilities goes unchecked.
Water Wars in Mumbai from Stephen Graham
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Super-tall and Ultra-deep: The Cultural Politics of the Elevator /slideshow/tcs-lifts-copy/44824024 tcsliftscopy-150218044322-conversion-gate02
Entire libraries can be filled with volumes exploring the cultures, politics and geo- graphies of the largely horizontal mobilities and transportation infrastructures that are intrinsic to urban modernity (highways, railways, subways, public transit and so on). And yet the recent mobilities turn has almost completely neglected the cultural geographies and politics of vertical transportation within and between the buildings of vertically-structured cityscapes. Attempting to rectify this neglect, this article seeks, first, to bring elevator travel centrally into discussions about the cultural politics of urban space and, second, to connect elevator urbanism to the even more neglected worlds of elevator-based descent in ultra-deep mining. The article addresses, in turn: the historical emergence of elevator urbanism; the cultural significance of the eleva- tor as spectacle; the global race in elevator speed; shifts towards the splintering of elevator experiences; experiments with new mobility systems which blend elevators and automobiles; problems of vertical abandonment; and, finally, the neglected ver- tical politics of elevator-based ultra-deep mining.]]>

Entire libraries can be filled with volumes exploring the cultures, politics and geo- graphies of the largely horizontal mobilities and transportation infrastructures that are intrinsic to urban modernity (highways, railways, subways, public transit and so on). And yet the recent mobilities turn has almost completely neglected the cultural geographies and politics of vertical transportation within and between the buildings of vertically-structured cityscapes. Attempting to rectify this neglect, this article seeks, first, to bring elevator travel centrally into discussions about the cultural politics of urban space and, second, to connect elevator urbanism to the even more neglected worlds of elevator-based descent in ultra-deep mining. The article addresses, in turn: the historical emergence of elevator urbanism; the cultural significance of the eleva- tor as spectacle; the global race in elevator speed; shifts towards the splintering of elevator experiences; experiments with new mobility systems which blend elevators and automobiles; problems of vertical abandonment; and, finally, the neglected ver- tical politics of elevator-based ultra-deep mining.]]>
Wed, 18 Feb 2015 04:43:22 GMT /slideshow/tcs-lifts-copy/44824024 sdng1@slideshare.net(sdng1) Super-tall and Ultra-deep: The Cultural Politics of the Elevator sdng1 Entire libraries can be filled with volumes exploring the cultures, politics and geo- graphies of the largely horizontal mobilities and transportation infrastructures that are intrinsic to urban modernity (highways, railways, subways, public transit and so on). And yet the recent mobilities turn has almost completely neglected the cultural geographies and politics of vertical transportation within and between the buildings of vertically-structured cityscapes. Attempting to rectify this neglect, this article seeks, first, to bring elevator travel centrally into discussions about the cultural politics of urban space and, second, to connect elevator urbanism to the even more neglected worlds of elevator-based descent in ultra-deep mining. The article addresses, in turn: the historical emergence of elevator urbanism; the cultural significance of the eleva- tor as spectacle; the global race in elevator speed; shifts towards the splintering of elevator experiences; experiments with new mobility systems which blend elevators and automobiles; problems of vertical abandonment; and, finally, the neglected ver- tical politics of elevator-based ultra-deep mining. <img style="border:1px solid #C3E6D8;float:right;" alt="" src="https://cdn.slidesharecdn.com/ss_thumbnails/tcsliftscopy-150218044322-conversion-gate02-thumbnail.jpg?width=120&amp;height=120&amp;fit=bounds" /><br> Entire libraries can be filled with volumes exploring the cultures, politics and geo- graphies of the largely horizontal mobilities and transportation infrastructures that are intrinsic to urban modernity (highways, railways, subways, public transit and so on). And yet the recent mobilities turn has almost completely neglected the cultural geographies and politics of vertical transportation within and between the buildings of vertically-structured cityscapes. Attempting to rectify this neglect, this article seeks, first, to bring elevator travel centrally into discussions about the cultural politics of urban space and, second, to connect elevator urbanism to the even more neglected worlds of elevator-based descent in ultra-deep mining. The article addresses, in turn: the historical emergence of elevator urbanism; the cultural significance of the eleva- tor as spectacle; the global race in elevator speed; shifts towards the splintering of elevator experiences; experiments with new mobility systems which blend elevators and automobiles; problems of vertical abandonment; and, finally, the neglected ver- tical politics of elevator-based ultra-deep mining.
Super-tall and Ultra-deep: The Cultural Politics of the Elevator from Stephen Graham
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'Smart cities : Seduction, simulation, scepticism /slideshow/smart-cities-seduction-simulation-scepticism/44123525 berlincutsmartcities-seductionsskepticismcopy2-150201042122-conversion-gate01
鐃錫Smart Cities: Seduction, Simulation, Scepticism A presentation made at the 2015 Transmediale festival in Berlin, February 1st]]>

鐃錫Smart Cities: Seduction, Simulation, Scepticism A presentation made at the 2015 Transmediale festival in Berlin, February 1st]]>
Sun, 01 Feb 2015 04:21:22 GMT /slideshow/smart-cities-seduction-simulation-scepticism/44123525 sdng1@slideshare.net(sdng1) 'Smart cities : Seduction, simulation, scepticism sdng1 鐃錫Smart Cities: Seduction, Simulation, Scepticism A presentation made at the 2015 Transmediale festival in Berlin, February 1st <img style="border:1px solid #C3E6D8;float:right;" alt="" src="https://cdn.slidesharecdn.com/ss_thumbnails/berlincutsmartcities-seductionsskepticismcopy2-150201042122-conversion-gate01-thumbnail.jpg?width=120&amp;height=120&amp;fit=bounds" /><br> 鐃錫Smart Cities: Seduction, Simulation, Scepticism A presentation made at the 2015 Transmediale festival in Berlin, February 1st
'Smart cities : Seduction, simulation, scepticism from Stephen Graham
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https://cdn.slidesharecdn.com/profile-photo-sdng1-48x48.jpg?cb=1639476752 www.ncl.ac.uk/apl/staff/profile/steve.graham https://cdn.slidesharecdn.com/ss_thumbnails/eliteavenuesgraham-1-211208135958-thumbnail.jpg?width=320&height=320&fit=bounds slideshow/elite-avenues-flyovers-freeways-and-the-politics-of-urban-mobility-250805363/250805363 Elite Avenues: Flyove... https://cdn.slidesharecdn.com/ss_thumbnails/bunkeringdownthegeographyofeliteresidentialbasementdevelopmentinlondon-210607101637-thumbnail.jpg?width=320&height=320&fit=bounds slideshow/bunkering-down-the-geography-of-elite-residential-basement-development-in-london/249129617 Bunkering down the geo... https://cdn.slidesharecdn.com/ss_thumbnails/vertical-cityfromsattelitestobunkers-190501185603-thumbnail.jpg?width=320&height=320&fit=bounds slideshow/vertical-the-city-from-satellites-to-bunkers-143110752/143110752 Vertical : The city fr...