ºÝºÝߣshows by User: shyleshmurthy / http://www.slideshare.net/images/logo.gif ºÝºÝߣshows by User: shyleshmurthy / Mon, 12 Dec 2022 03:13:31 GMT ºÝºÝߣShare feed for ºÝºÝߣshows by User: shyleshmurthy Topological manupilation of DNA.pptx /slideshow/topological-manupilation-of-dnapptx/254862991 topologicalmanupilationofdna-221212031331-1c65ad28
The topology of DNA is defined by how the two complementary single strand are intertwined DNA in a relax state usually assumes the B-Conformation with10.6 bp per turn DNA is subjected to bends or opening of DNA over winding or unwinding, its base pair turn changes and the DNA is subjected to stress and strain DNA Topology also encompasses super coiling ]]>
The topology of DNA is defined by how the two complementary single strand are intertwined DNA in a relax state usually assumes the B-Conformation with10.6 bp per turn DNA is subjected to bends or opening of DNA over winding or unwinding, its base pair turn changes and the DNA is subjected to stress and strain DNA Topology also encompasses super coiling ]]> Mon, 12 Dec 2022 03:13:31 GMT /slideshow/topological-manupilation-of-dnapptx/254862991 shyleshmurthy@slideshare.net(shyleshmurthy) Topological manupilation of DNA.pptx shyleshmurthy The topology of DNA is defined by how the two complementary single strand are intertwined DNA in a relax state usually assumes the B-Conformation with10.6 bp per turn DNA is subjected to bends or opening of DNA over winding or unwinding, its base pair turn changes and the DNA is subjected to stress and strain DNA Topology also encompasses super coiling <img style="border:1px solid #C3E6D8;float:right;" alt="" src="https://cdn.slidesharecdn.com/ss_thumbnails/topologicalmanupilationofdna-221212031331-1c65ad28-thumbnail.jpg?width=120&amp;height=120&amp;fit=bounds" /><br> The topology of DNA is defined by how the two complementary single strand are intertwined DNA in a relax state usually assumes the B-Conformation with10.6 bp per turn DNA is subjected to bends or opening of DNA over winding or unwinding, its base pair turn changes and the DNA is subjected to stress and strain DNA Topology also encompasses super coiling
Topological manupilation of DNA.pptx from Shylesh M
]]> 589 0 https://cdn.slidesharecdn.com/ss_thumbnails/topologicalmanupilationofdna-221212031331-1c65ad28-thumbnail.jpg?width=120&height=120&fit=bounds presentation Black http://activitystrea.ms/schema/1.0/post http://activitystrea.ms/schema/1.0/posted 0 RNA – i PATHWAY /slideshow/rna-i-pathway/251380326 rnaipathway-220319085510
RNA interference [ RNAi] is a sequence mechanism , triggered by the introduction of ds RNA leading to mRNA degradation It results in switching the targeted gene on and off at transcriptional or post transcriptional level3 The long double stranded RNAs enter a cellular pathway that is known as RNA interference pathway . First ds RNAs get processed into 20-25 nucleotides small interfering RNAs [siRNAs] by an enzyme Dicer . Small interfering RNAs assemble into RNA induced silencing complexes [RISCs] ,unwinding in the process. The siRNAs strands subsequently guide the RISCs complementary RNA molecules , where they cleave and destroy the RNA . Cleavage of RNA takes place near the middle of the region bound by siRNA strand . This results into mRNA Degradation. Gene knockdown Double stranded RNA is synthesized with a sequence complementary to a gene of interest and introduced into a cell organism ,where it is recognized as exogenous genetic material and activates the RNAi pathway . Using this mechanism, researchers can cause drastic decrease in the expresssion of targeted gene . Since RNAi may not totally abolish expression of the gene , this technique is referred to as knockdown. ]]>
RNA interference [ RNAi] is a sequence mechanism , triggered by the introduction of ds RNA leading to mRNA degradation It results in switching the targeted gene on and off at transcriptional or post transcriptional level3 The long double stranded RNAs enter a cellular pathway that is known as RNA interference pathway . First ds RNAs get processed into 20-25 nucleotides small interfering RNAs [siRNAs] by an enzyme Dicer . Small interfering RNAs assemble into RNA induced silencing complexes [RISCs] ,unwinding in the process. The siRNAs strands subsequently guide the RISCs complementary RNA molecules , where they cleave and destroy the RNA . Cleavage of RNA takes place near the middle of the region bound by siRNA strand . This results into mRNA Degradation. Gene knockdown Double stranded RNA is synthesized with a sequence complementary to a gene of interest and introduced into a cell organism ,where it is recognized as exogenous genetic material and activates the RNAi pathway . Using this mechanism, researchers can cause drastic decrease in the expresssion of targeted gene . Since RNAi may not totally abolish expression of the gene , this technique is referred to as knockdown. ]]> Sat, 19 Mar 2022 08:55:10 GMT /slideshow/rna-i-pathway/251380326 shyleshmurthy@slideshare.net(shyleshmurthy) RNA – i PATHWAY shyleshmurthy RNA interference [ RNAi] is a sequence mechanism , triggered by the introduction of ds RNA leading to mRNA degradation It results in switching the targeted gene on and off at transcriptional or post transcriptional level3 The long double stranded RNAs enter a cellular pathway that is known as RNA interference pathway . First ds RNAs get processed into 20-25 nucleotides small interfering RNAs [siRNAs] by an enzyme Dicer . Small interfering RNAs assemble into RNA induced silencing complexes [RISCs] ,unwinding in the process. The siRNAs strands subsequently guide the RISCs complementary RNA molecules , where they cleave and destroy the RNA . Cleavage of RNA takes place near the middle of the region bound by siRNA strand . This results into mRNA Degradation. Gene knockdown Double stranded RNA is synthesized with a sequence complementary to a gene of interest and introduced into a cell organism ,where it is recognized as exogenous genetic material and activates the RNAi pathway . Using this mechanism, researchers can cause drastic decrease in the expresssion of targeted gene . Since RNAi may not totally abolish expression of the gene , this technique is referred to as knockdown. <img style="border:1px solid #C3E6D8;float:right;" alt="" src="https://cdn.slidesharecdn.com/ss_thumbnails/rnaipathway-220319085510-thumbnail.jpg?width=120&amp;height=120&amp;fit=bounds" /><br> RNA interference [ RNAi] is a sequence mechanism , triggered by the introduction of ds RNA leading to mRNA degradation It results in switching the targeted gene on and off at transcriptional or post transcriptional level3 The long double stranded RNAs enter a cellular pathway that is known as RNA interference pathway . First ds RNAs get processed into 20-25 nucleotides small interfering RNAs [siRNAs] by an enzyme Dicer . Small interfering RNAs assemble into RNA induced silencing complexes [RISCs] ,unwinding in the process. The siRNAs strands subsequently guide the RISCs complementary RNA molecules , where they cleave and destroy the RNA . Cleavage of RNA takes place near the middle of the region bound by siRNA strand . This results into mRNA Degradation. Gene knockdown Double stranded RNA is synthesized with a sequence complementary to a gene of interest and introduced into a cell organism ,where it is recognized as exogenous genetic material and activates the RNAi pathway . Using this mechanism, researchers can cause drastic decrease in the expresssion of targeted gene . Since RNAi may not totally abolish expression of the gene , this technique is referred to as knockdown.
RNA – i PATHWAY from Shylesh M
]]> 175 0 https://cdn.slidesharecdn.com/ss_thumbnails/rnaipathway-220319085510-thumbnail.jpg?width=120&height=120&fit=bounds presentation Black http://activitystrea.ms/schema/1.0/post http://activitystrea.ms/schema/1.0/posted 0 Morphology Of Viruses : Viruses, structure and characteristics /slideshow/morphology-of-viruses-251073134/251073134 morphologyofviruses-220128160749
Viruses can be extremely simple in design, consisting of nuclei acid surrounded by the protein coat as a capsid. The capsid is composed of smaller protein components referred to as capsomeres. The capsid along with genome combination is called a nucleocapsid. The viruses can also posses additional components, with most common being an additional membranous layer that surrounds nucleocapsid called an envelope. This envelope is actually acquired from the nuclear or plasma membrane of the infected host cell and then Modified with viral protein called peplomere. A complete virus, with all the components needed for host cell to cause infection is referred to as virions. Viruses come in many shapes and sizes, but these are consistent and distinct for each viral family. The morphology of virus include size, shapes, genetic constituents, and the nuclear envelope An infective agent that typically consist of a nuclei acid molecule In protein coat, it is too small can not visible through naked eyes and even by light microscopy, and is able to multiply only within the living cells of a host. These are about 100 times smaller than bacteria and can only be observed by electron microscope. These are small obligate intracellular parasites, which Contain either a RNA or DNA genome surrounded by a protective, virus protein coat. These are acellular, so they are neither prokaryotes nor eukaryotes because they lack the characters of living beings except the ability to replicate. And they infect all types of cells :- humans, animals, plants, bacteria, yeast, protozoa, etc. VIRAL SIZE:- These are much smaller than bacteria for a time they were know as’filterable agents’ as they can pass through filters that can hold back bacteria. They can not be seen under light microscope hence called as'ultramicroscopic‘. These viral particles seen in this manner are know as ‘elementary bodies’. The size ranges:- 5-300nanometer. In recent years a number of viruses including mimivirus length of virus up to 600nm,and Pandoravirus Ranges from 50-100nm In length have been identified. Most viruses vary in diameter from 250-400nm;the largest, however measure about 500nm in diameter and are about 700-1,000nm in length. Paramyxoviruses can be up to 14,000nm long, Rotavirus particles measures 76.5nm in diameter. Viruses, VIRAL STRUCTURE, MORPHOLOGY ]]>
Viruses can be extremely simple in design, consisting of nuclei acid surrounded by the protein coat as a capsid. The capsid is composed of smaller protein components referred to as capsomeres. The capsid along with genome combination is called a nucleocapsid. The viruses can also posses additional components, with most common being an additional membranous layer that surrounds nucleocapsid called an envelope. This envelope is actually acquired from the nuclear or plasma membrane of the infected host cell and then Modified with viral protein called peplomere. A complete virus, with all the components needed for host cell to cause infection is referred to as virions. Viruses come in many shapes and sizes, but these are consistent and distinct for each viral family. The morphology of virus include size, shapes, genetic constituents, and the nuclear envelope An infective agent that typically consist of a nuclei acid molecule In protein coat, it is too small can not visible through naked eyes and even by light microscopy, and is able to multiply only within the living cells of a host. These are about 100 times smaller than bacteria and can only be observed by electron microscope. These are small obligate intracellular parasites, which Contain either a RNA or DNA genome surrounded by a protective, virus protein coat. These are acellular, so they are neither prokaryotes nor eukaryotes because they lack the characters of living beings except the ability to replicate. And they infect all types of cells :- humans, animals, plants, bacteria, yeast, protozoa, etc. VIRAL SIZE:- These are much smaller than bacteria for a time they were know as’filterable agents’ as they can pass through filters that can hold back bacteria. They can not be seen under light microscope hence called as'ultramicroscopic‘. These viral particles seen in this manner are know as ‘elementary bodies’. The size ranges:- 5-300nanometer. In recent years a number of viruses including mimivirus length of virus up to 600nm,and Pandoravirus Ranges from 50-100nm In length have been identified. Most viruses vary in diameter from 250-400nm;the largest, however measure about 500nm in diameter and are about 700-1,000nm in length. Paramyxoviruses can be up to 14,000nm long, Rotavirus particles measures 76.5nm in diameter. Viruses, VIRAL STRUCTURE, MORPHOLOGY ]]> Fri, 28 Jan 2022 16:07:49 GMT /slideshow/morphology-of-viruses-251073134/251073134 shyleshmurthy@slideshare.net(shyleshmurthy) Morphology Of Viruses : Viruses, structure and characteristics shyleshmurthy Viruses can be extremely simple in design, consisting of nuclei acid surrounded by the protein coat as a capsid. The capsid is composed of smaller protein components referred to as capsomeres. The capsid along with genome combination is called a nucleocapsid. The viruses can also posses additional components, with most common being an additional membranous layer that surrounds nucleocapsid called an envelope. This envelope is actually acquired from the nuclear or plasma membrane of the infected host cell and then Modified with viral protein called peplomere. A complete virus, with all the components needed for host cell to cause infection is referred to as virions. Viruses come in many shapes and sizes, but these are consistent and distinct for each viral family. The morphology of virus include size, shapes, genetic constituents, and the nuclear envelope An infective agent that typically consist of a nuclei acid molecule In protein coat, it is too small can not visible through naked eyes and even by light microscopy, and is able to multiply only within the living cells of a host. These are about 100 times smaller than bacteria and can only be observed by electron microscope. These are small obligate intracellular parasites, which Contain either a RNA or DNA genome surrounded by a protective, virus protein coat. These are acellular, so they are neither prokaryotes nor eukaryotes because they lack the characters of living beings except the ability to replicate. And they infect all types of cells :- humans, animals, plants, bacteria, yeast, protozoa, etc. VIRAL SIZE:- These are much smaller than bacteria for a time they were know as’filterable agents’ as they can pass through filters that can hold back bacteria. They can not be seen under light microscope hence called as'ultramicroscopic‘. These viral particles seen in this manner are know as ‘elementary bodies’. The size ranges:- 5-300nanometer. In recent years a number of viruses including mimivirus length of virus up to 600nm,and Pandoravirus Ranges from 50-100nm In length have been identified. Most viruses vary in diameter from 250-400nm;the largest, however measure about 500nm in diameter and are about 700-1,000nm in length. Paramyxoviruses can be up to 14,000nm long, Rotavirus particles measures 76.5nm in diameter. Viruses, VIRAL STRUCTURE, MORPHOLOGY <img style="border:1px solid #C3E6D8;float:right;" alt="" src="https://cdn.slidesharecdn.com/ss_thumbnails/morphologyofviruses-220128160749-thumbnail.jpg?width=120&amp;height=120&amp;fit=bounds" /><br> Viruses can be extremely simple in design, consisting of nuclei acid surrounded by the protein coat as a capsid. The capsid is composed of smaller protein components referred to as capsomeres. The capsid along with genome combination is called a nucleocapsid. The viruses can also posses additional components, with most common being an additional membranous layer that surrounds nucleocapsid called an envelope. This envelope is actually acquired from the nuclear or plasma membrane of the infected host cell and then Modified with viral protein called peplomere. A complete virus, with all the components needed for host cell to cause infection is referred to as virions. Viruses come in many shapes and sizes, but these are consistent and distinct for each viral family. The morphology of virus include size, shapes, genetic constituents, and the nuclear envelope An infective agent that typically consist of a nuclei acid molecule In protein coat, it is too small can not visible through naked eyes and even by light microscopy, and is able to multiply only within the living cells of a host. These are about 100 times smaller than bacteria and can only be observed by electron microscope. These are small obligate intracellular parasites, which Contain either a RNA or DNA genome surrounded by a protective, virus protein coat. These are acellular, so they are neither prokaryotes nor eukaryotes because they lack the characters of living beings except the ability to replicate. And they infect all types of cells :- humans, animals, plants, bacteria, yeast, protozoa, etc. VIRAL SIZE:- These are much smaller than bacteria for a time they were know as’filterable agents’ as they can pass through filters that can hold back bacteria. They can not be seen under light microscope hence called as&#39;ultramicroscopic‘. These viral particles seen in this manner are know as ‘elementary bodies’. The size ranges:- 5-300nanometer. In recent years a number of viruses including mimivirus length of virus up to 600nm,and Pandoravirus Ranges from 50-100nm In length have been identified. Most viruses vary in diameter from 250-400nm;the largest, however measure about 500nm in diameter and are about 700-1,000nm in length. Paramyxoviruses can be up to 14,000nm long, Rotavirus particles measures 76.5nm in diameter. Viruses, VIRAL STRUCTURE, MORPHOLOGY
Morphology Of Viruses : Viruses, structure and characteristics from Shylesh M
]]> 2023 0 https://cdn.slidesharecdn.com/ss_thumbnails/morphologyofviruses-220128160749-thumbnail.jpg?width=120&height=120&fit=bounds presentation Black http://activitystrea.ms/schema/1.0/post http://activitystrea.ms/schema/1.0/posted 0 Glyoxylate cycle PATHWAYS REACTION /slideshow/glyoxylate-cycle-pathways-reaction/149074014 glyoxylatecycle-190608074633
A series of metabolic reactions by which many different organism utilise fats for the synthesis of carbohydrate Another Process Involving Glycolytic Enzymes and Metabolites Anabolic metabolic pathway occurring in plants, and several microorganisms , fungi not animals. Occurs in glyoxysome The enzymes common to the TCA cycle and the glyoxysomes are isoenzymes, one specific to mitochondria and the other to glyoxysomes. The glyoxylate cycle allows plants to use acetyl-CoA derived from β-oxidation of fatty acids for carbohydrate synthesis (use fats for the synthesis of carbohydrates). The glyoxylate cycle is a cyclic pathway that result in conversion of 2 carbon fragment of Acetyl CoA TO 4 carbon compound succinate then succinate is covert to oxaloacetate and then glucose involving the reaction of gluconeogenesis ]]>
A series of metabolic reactions by which many different organism utilise fats for the synthesis of carbohydrate Another Process Involving Glycolytic Enzymes and Metabolites Anabolic metabolic pathway occurring in plants, and several microorganisms , fungi not animals. Occurs in glyoxysome The enzymes common to the TCA cycle and the glyoxysomes are isoenzymes, one specific to mitochondria and the other to glyoxysomes. The glyoxylate cycle allows plants to use acetyl-CoA derived from β-oxidation of fatty acids for carbohydrate synthesis (use fats for the synthesis of carbohydrates). The glyoxylate cycle is a cyclic pathway that result in conversion of 2 carbon fragment of Acetyl CoA TO 4 carbon compound succinate then succinate is covert to oxaloacetate and then glucose involving the reaction of gluconeogenesis ]]> Sat, 08 Jun 2019 07:46:33 GMT /slideshow/glyoxylate-cycle-pathways-reaction/149074014 shyleshmurthy@slideshare.net(shyleshmurthy) Glyoxylate cycle PATHWAYS REACTION shyleshmurthy A series of metabolic reactions by which many different organism utilise fats for the synthesis of carbohydrate Another Process Involving Glycolytic Enzymes and Metabolites Anabolic metabolic pathway occurring in plants, and several microorganisms , fungi not animals. Occurs in glyoxysome The enzymes common to the TCA cycle and the glyoxysomes are isoenzymes, one specific to mitochondria and the other to glyoxysomes. The glyoxylate cycle allows plants to use acetyl-CoA derived from β-oxidation of fatty acids for carbohydrate synthesis (use fats for the synthesis of carbohydrates). The glyoxylate cycle is a cyclic pathway that result in conversion of 2 carbon fragment of Acetyl CoA TO 4 carbon compound succinate then succinate is covert to oxaloacetate and then glucose involving the reaction of gluconeogenesis <img style="border:1px solid #C3E6D8;float:right;" alt="" src="https://cdn.slidesharecdn.com/ss_thumbnails/glyoxylatecycle-190608074633-thumbnail.jpg?width=120&amp;height=120&amp;fit=bounds" /><br> A series of metabolic reactions by which many different organism utilise fats for the synthesis of carbohydrate Another Process Involving Glycolytic Enzymes and Metabolites Anabolic metabolic pathway occurring in plants, and several microorganisms , fungi not animals. Occurs in glyoxysome The enzymes common to the TCA cycle and the glyoxysomes are isoenzymes, one specific to mitochondria and the other to glyoxysomes. The glyoxylate cycle allows plants to use acetyl-CoA derived from β-oxidation of fatty acids for carbohydrate synthesis (use fats for the synthesis of carbohydrates). The glyoxylate cycle is a cyclic pathway that result in conversion of 2 carbon fragment of Acetyl CoA TO 4 carbon compound succinate then succinate is covert to oxaloacetate and then glucose involving the reaction of gluconeogenesis
Glyoxylate cycle PATHWAYS REACTION from Shylesh M
]]> 9651 2 https://cdn.slidesharecdn.com/ss_thumbnails/glyoxylatecycle-190608074633-thumbnail.jpg?width=120&height=120&fit=bounds presentation Black http://activitystrea.ms/schema/1.0/post http://activitystrea.ms/schema/1.0/posted 0 VIRUSES CLASSIFICATION , LIFE CYCLE OF VIRUSES. CHARACTERISTICS OF VIRUSES /slideshow/viruses-classification-life-cycle-of-viruses-characteristics-of-viruses/140681693 viruses-190413061820
VIRUSES LIFE CYCLE OF BACTERIOPHAGES The word virus is derived from Latin word venom which means poisonous fluid that causes infection. The branch of science that deals with the study of viruses is called Virology. It is the branch of Microbiology. They show living characters inside the host and non living characters outside the host. They contain either DNA or RNA as genetic material. They have different size and shape. They cause diseases in plants, animals and micro-organisms . Not cellular Cannot carry on metabolic activities independently. Contain either DNA or RNA, not both ( true cells contain both ). Lack ribosomes and enzymes necessary for protein synthesis. Reproduce only within cells they infect. CLASSIFICATION OF VIRUSES Holmes, in 1948, proposed a simple system of classifying viruses based on the type of cell (host) they infect: Phytophagineae: They infect plants and they RNA as their genetic material. Eg: TMV,CaMV. Zoophagineae: They infect animals and they have mostly DNA as their genetic material. Eg: Polio virus. Pagineae: They infect bacterial cells, called bacteriophages they usually have DNA as genetic material. Based on the viral envelope Named after David Baltimore, a noble prize winning biologist n 1971. 1. dsDNA viruses Eg: Adenoviruses, Herpiviruses. 2. ssDNA viruses Eg: Paravoviruses. 3. dsRNA viruses Eg: Reoviruses. 4. (+)ssRNA viruses Eg: Picornaviruses. 5. (-)ssRNA viruses Eg: Orthomyxoviruses. 6. ssRNA-RT viruses Eg: Retroviruses. 7. dsDNA-RT viruses Eg: Hepadnaviruses. Tobacco mosaic: Causative agent: Tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) Symptoms: The leaves of infected plants develop mosaic patches ,it is due to destruction of chlorophyll or due to production of abnormal chlorophyll .blisters appear in the region of dark green spots these may be regular or irregular in advanced stages leaves curl and get distorted. Adsorption of the virion to the bacterial cell. Penetration and decoating of the nucleic acid . Protein synthesis. Breakdown of bacterial DNA. Arrest of host cell development. Replication of phage DNA. Maturation of infective progeny. Lysis and release of newly formed phages. Holmes, in 1948, proposed a simple system of classifying viruses based on the type of cell (host) they infect: Phytophagineae: They infect plants and they RNA as their genetic material. Eg: TMV,CaMV. Zoophagineae: They infect animals and they have mostly DNA as their genetic material. Eg: Polio virus. Pagineae: They infect bacterial cells, called bacteriophages they usually have DNA as genetic material. ]]>
VIRUSES LIFE CYCLE OF BACTERIOPHAGES The word virus is derived from Latin word venom which means poisonous fluid that causes infection. The branch of science that deals with the study of viruses is called Virology. It is the branch of Microbiology. They show living characters inside the host and non living characters outside the host. They contain either DNA or RNA as genetic material. They have different size and shape. They cause diseases in plants, animals and micro-organisms . Not cellular Cannot carry on metabolic activities independently. Contain either DNA or RNA, not both ( true cells contain both ). Lack ribosomes and enzymes necessary for protein synthesis. Reproduce only within cells they infect. CLASSIFICATION OF VIRUSES Holmes, in 1948, proposed a simple system of classifying viruses based on the type of cell (host) they infect: Phytophagineae: They infect plants and they RNA as their genetic material. Eg: TMV,CaMV. Zoophagineae: They infect animals and they have mostly DNA as their genetic material. Eg: Polio virus. Pagineae: They infect bacterial cells, called bacteriophages they usually have DNA as genetic material. Based on the viral envelope Named after David Baltimore, a noble prize winning biologist n 1971. 1. dsDNA viruses Eg: Adenoviruses, Herpiviruses. 2. ssDNA viruses Eg: Paravoviruses. 3. dsRNA viruses Eg: Reoviruses. 4. (+)ssRNA viruses Eg: Picornaviruses. 5. (-)ssRNA viruses Eg: Orthomyxoviruses. 6. ssRNA-RT viruses Eg: Retroviruses. 7. dsDNA-RT viruses Eg: Hepadnaviruses. Tobacco mosaic: Causative agent: Tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) Symptoms: The leaves of infected plants develop mosaic patches ,it is due to destruction of chlorophyll or due to production of abnormal chlorophyll .blisters appear in the region of dark green spots these may be regular or irregular in advanced stages leaves curl and get distorted. Adsorption of the virion to the bacterial cell. Penetration and decoating of the nucleic acid . Protein synthesis. Breakdown of bacterial DNA. Arrest of host cell development. Replication of phage DNA. Maturation of infective progeny. Lysis and release of newly formed phages. Holmes, in 1948, proposed a simple system of classifying viruses based on the type of cell (host) they infect: Phytophagineae: They infect plants and they RNA as their genetic material. Eg: TMV,CaMV. Zoophagineae: They infect animals and they have mostly DNA as their genetic material. Eg: Polio virus. Pagineae: They infect bacterial cells, called bacteriophages they usually have DNA as genetic material. ]]> Sat, 13 Apr 2019 06:18:20 GMT /slideshow/viruses-classification-life-cycle-of-viruses-characteristics-of-viruses/140681693 shyleshmurthy@slideshare.net(shyleshmurthy) VIRUSES CLASSIFICATION , LIFE CYCLE OF VIRUSES. CHARACTERISTICS OF VIRUSES shyleshmurthy VIRUSES LIFE CYCLE OF BACTERIOPHAGES The word virus is derived from Latin word venom which means poisonous fluid that causes infection. The branch of science that deals with the study of viruses is called Virology. It is the branch of Microbiology. They show living characters inside the host and non living characters outside the host. They contain either DNA or RNA as genetic material. They have different size and shape. They cause diseases in plants, animals and micro-organisms . Not cellular Cannot carry on metabolic activities independently. Contain either DNA or RNA, not both ( true cells contain both ). Lack ribosomes and enzymes necessary for protein synthesis. Reproduce only within cells they infect. CLASSIFICATION OF VIRUSES Holmes, in 1948, proposed a simple system of classifying viruses based on the type of cell (host) they infect: Phytophagineae: They infect plants and they RNA as their genetic material. Eg: TMV,CaMV. Zoophagineae: They infect animals and they have mostly DNA as their genetic material. Eg: Polio virus. Pagineae: They infect bacterial cells, called bacteriophages they usually have DNA as genetic material. Based on the viral envelope Named after David Baltimore, a noble prize winning biologist n 1971. 1. dsDNA viruses Eg: Adenoviruses, Herpiviruses. 2. ssDNA viruses Eg: Paravoviruses. 3. dsRNA viruses Eg: Reoviruses. 4. (+)ssRNA viruses Eg: Picornaviruses. 5. (-)ssRNA viruses Eg: Orthomyxoviruses. 6. ssRNA-RT viruses Eg: Retroviruses. 7. dsDNA-RT viruses Eg: Hepadnaviruses. Tobacco mosaic: Causative agent: Tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) Symptoms: The leaves of infected plants develop mosaic patches ,it is due to destruction of chlorophyll or due to production of abnormal chlorophyll .blisters appear in the region of dark green spots these may be regular or irregular in advanced stages leaves curl and get distorted. Adsorption of the virion to the bacterial cell. Penetration and decoating of the nucleic acid . Protein synthesis. Breakdown of bacterial DNA. Arrest of host cell development. Replication of phage DNA. Maturation of infective progeny. Lysis and release of newly formed phages. Holmes, in 1948, proposed a simple system of classifying viruses based on the type of cell (host) they infect: Phytophagineae: They infect plants and they RNA as their genetic material. Eg: TMV,CaMV. Zoophagineae: They infect animals and they have mostly DNA as their genetic material. Eg: Polio virus. Pagineae: They infect bacterial cells, called bacteriophages they usually have DNA as genetic material. <img style="border:1px solid #C3E6D8;float:right;" alt="" src="https://cdn.slidesharecdn.com/ss_thumbnails/viruses-190413061820-thumbnail.jpg?width=120&amp;height=120&amp;fit=bounds" /><br> VIRUSES LIFE CYCLE OF BACTERIOPHAGES The word virus is derived from Latin word venom which means poisonous fluid that causes infection. The branch of science that deals with the study of viruses is called Virology. It is the branch of Microbiology. They show living characters inside the host and non living characters outside the host. They contain either DNA or RNA as genetic material. They have different size and shape. They cause diseases in plants, animals and micro-organisms . Not cellular Cannot carry on metabolic activities independently. Contain either DNA or RNA, not both ( true cells contain both ). Lack ribosomes and enzymes necessary for protein synthesis. Reproduce only within cells they infect. CLASSIFICATION OF VIRUSES Holmes, in 1948, proposed a simple system of classifying viruses based on the type of cell (host) they infect: Phytophagineae: They infect plants and they RNA as their genetic material. Eg: TMV,CaMV. Zoophagineae: They infect animals and they have mostly DNA as their genetic material. Eg: Polio virus. Pagineae: They infect bacterial cells, called bacteriophages they usually have DNA as genetic material. Based on the viral envelope Named after David Baltimore, a noble prize winning biologist n 1971. 1. dsDNA viruses Eg: Adenoviruses, Herpiviruses. 2. ssDNA viruses Eg: Paravoviruses. 3. dsRNA viruses Eg: Reoviruses. 4. (+)ssRNA viruses Eg: Picornaviruses. 5. (-)ssRNA viruses Eg: Orthomyxoviruses. 6. ssRNA-RT viruses Eg: Retroviruses. 7. dsDNA-RT viruses Eg: Hepadnaviruses. Tobacco mosaic: Causative agent: Tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) Symptoms: The leaves of infected plants develop mosaic patches ,it is due to destruction of chlorophyll or due to production of abnormal chlorophyll .blisters appear in the region of dark green spots these may be regular or irregular in advanced stages leaves curl and get distorted. Adsorption of the virion to the bacterial cell. Penetration and decoating of the nucleic acid . Protein synthesis. Breakdown of bacterial DNA. Arrest of host cell development. Replication of phage DNA. Maturation of infective progeny. Lysis and release of newly formed phages. Holmes, in 1948, proposed a simple system of classifying viruses based on the type of cell (host) they infect: Phytophagineae: They infect plants and they RNA as their genetic material. Eg: TMV,CaMV. Zoophagineae: They infect animals and they have mostly DNA as their genetic material. Eg: Polio virus. Pagineae: They infect bacterial cells, called bacteriophages they usually have DNA as genetic material.
VIRUSES CLASSIFICATION , LIFE CYCLE OF VIRUSES. CHARACTERISTICS OF VIRUSES from Shylesh M
]]> 7511 2 https://cdn.slidesharecdn.com/ss_thumbnails/viruses-190413061820-thumbnail.jpg?width=120&height=120&fit=bounds presentation Black http://activitystrea.ms/schema/1.0/post http://activitystrea.ms/schema/1.0/posted 0 SDS- Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis /shyleshmurthy/sds-polyacrylamide-gel-electrophoresis sdspageshylessh-190410052114
SDS-Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis What is SDS? Preparation of Gel Process of SDS-PAGE Visualization of protein bands SDS-PAGE is differentiated into two systems. *continuous sds-page *discontinuous sds-page. Polyacrylamide is used to form a gel, a matrix of a pores which allow the molecules migrate at different rates. Negatively charged detergent sodium dodecyl sulfate. Used to denature and linearize the proteins Coated the proteins with negatively charged. SDS-page is a technique that used to separate proteins according to their molecular size through the gel. Proteins are unfolded and migrate from cathode to anode terminal at different rates. Molecular weight is determined by compare the result with a standard curve of relative motility of standard proteins. Visualizes the band under UV light. Types of stains; Coomassie Blue; * Coomassie Brilliant Blue staining The Coomassie dyes R-250 and G-250 bind to proteins stoichiometrically through their sulfonic acid groups. * . The interactions between dye and protein are Van der Waals and ionic. The sulfonic acid groups interact with positive amine groups. Therefore coomassie dye binds to wide range of proteins. * Limited to ~100ng of protein. Silver stain; *most sensitive test *detection limit 0.1-1.0ng of protein The size of pores is determined by the concentration of acrylamide. The higher the concentration, the smaller the size of pores. Discontinuos sds-page consist of two different gels. *stacking gel -4%of acrylamide *separating gel-range from 5-15% of acrylamide. ]]>
SDS-Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis What is SDS? Preparation of Gel Process of SDS-PAGE Visualization of protein bands SDS-PAGE is differentiated into two systems. *continuous sds-page *discontinuous sds-page. Polyacrylamide is used to form a gel, a matrix of a pores which allow the molecules migrate at different rates. Negatively charged detergent sodium dodecyl sulfate. Used to denature and linearize the proteins Coated the proteins with negatively charged. SDS-page is a technique that used to separate proteins according to their molecular size through the gel. Proteins are unfolded and migrate from cathode to anode terminal at different rates. Molecular weight is determined by compare the result with a standard curve of relative motility of standard proteins. Visualizes the band under UV light. Types of stains; Coomassie Blue; * Coomassie Brilliant Blue staining The Coomassie dyes R-250 and G-250 bind to proteins stoichiometrically through their sulfonic acid groups. * . The interactions between dye and protein are Van der Waals and ionic. The sulfonic acid groups interact with positive amine groups. Therefore coomassie dye binds to wide range of proteins. * Limited to ~100ng of protein. Silver stain; *most sensitive test *detection limit 0.1-1.0ng of protein The size of pores is determined by the concentration of acrylamide. The higher the concentration, the smaller the size of pores. Discontinuos sds-page consist of two different gels. *stacking gel -4%of acrylamide *separating gel-range from 5-15% of acrylamide. ]]> Wed, 10 Apr 2019 05:21:14 GMT /shyleshmurthy/sds-polyacrylamide-gel-electrophoresis shyleshmurthy@slideshare.net(shyleshmurthy) SDS- Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis shyleshmurthy SDS-Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis What is SDS? Preparation of Gel Process of SDS-PAGE Visualization of protein bands SDS-PAGE is differentiated into two systems. *continuous sds-page *discontinuous sds-page. Polyacrylamide is used to form a gel, a matrix of a pores which allow the molecules migrate at different rates. Negatively charged detergent sodium dodecyl sulfate. Used to denature and linearize the proteins Coated the proteins with negatively charged. SDS-page is a technique that used to separate proteins according to their molecular size through the gel. Proteins are unfolded and migrate from cathode to anode terminal at different rates. Molecular weight is determined by compare the result with a standard curve of relative motility of standard proteins. Visualizes the band under UV light. Types of stains; Coomassie Blue; * Coomassie Brilliant Blue staining The Coomassie dyes R-250 and G-250 bind to proteins stoichiometrically through their sulfonic acid groups. * . The interactions between dye and protein are Van der Waals and ionic. The sulfonic acid groups interact with positive amine groups. Therefore coomassie dye binds to wide range of proteins. * Limited to ~100ng of protein. Silver stain; *most sensitive test *detection limit 0.1-1.0ng of protein The size of pores is determined by the concentration of acrylamide. The higher the concentration, the smaller the size of pores. Discontinuos sds-page consist of two different gels. *stacking gel -4%of acrylamide *separating gel-range from 5-15% of acrylamide. <img style="border:1px solid #C3E6D8;float:right;" alt="" src="https://cdn.slidesharecdn.com/ss_thumbnails/sdspageshylessh-190410052114-thumbnail.jpg?width=120&amp;height=120&amp;fit=bounds" /><br> SDS-Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis What is SDS? Preparation of Gel Process of SDS-PAGE Visualization of protein bands SDS-PAGE is differentiated into two systems. *continuous sds-page *discontinuous sds-page. Polyacrylamide is used to form a gel, a matrix of a pores which allow the molecules migrate at different rates. Negatively charged detergent sodium dodecyl sulfate. Used to denature and linearize the proteins Coated the proteins with negatively charged. SDS-page is a technique that used to separate proteins according to their molecular size through the gel. Proteins are unfolded and migrate from cathode to anode terminal at different rates. Molecular weight is determined by compare the result with a standard curve of relative motility of standard proteins. Visualizes the band under UV light. Types of stains; Coomassie Blue; * Coomassie Brilliant Blue staining The Coomassie dyes R-250 and G-250 bind to proteins stoichiometrically through their sulfonic acid groups. * . The interactions between dye and protein are Van der Waals and ionic. The sulfonic acid groups interact with positive amine groups. Therefore coomassie dye binds to wide range of proteins. * Limited to ~100ng of protein. Silver stain; *most sensitive test *detection limit 0.1-1.0ng of protein The size of pores is determined by the concentration of acrylamide. The higher the concentration, the smaller the size of pores. Discontinuos sds-page consist of two different gels. *stacking gel -4%of acrylamide *separating gel-range from 5-15% of acrylamide.
SDS- Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis from Shylesh M
]]> 3652 2 https://cdn.slidesharecdn.com/ss_thumbnails/sdspageshylessh-190410052114-thumbnail.jpg?width=120&height=120&fit=bounds presentation Black http://activitystrea.ms/schema/1.0/post http://activitystrea.ms/schema/1.0/posted 0 SOLID WASTE AND MANAGEMENT BIO GAS PRODUCTION /shyleshmurthy/solid-waste-and-management-bio-gas-production solidwastes-190410045953
Source And Management Agriculture Fisheries Household Commercial and Industry MANAGEMENT :- Storage Collection Transport and Handling Recyling Biogas production Biogas production from biomass is an anaerobic process. The anaerobic digestion is usually carried out by using are referred to as anaerobic digesters. A digester may be made up of concrete bricks and cement or steel, usually built underground. The digester has an inlet attached to a mixing tank feeding cow dung. The methanogenic bacteria from another digester are also added with cow dung. The digester is attached to a movable gas holding or storage tank with a gas outlet. The used slurry comes out from the digester through an outlet. This can be used as a manure. Process of Biogas production By products of Sugar Industries Molasses Molasses is a viscous by product of refining sugarcane or sugar beets into sugar. It contain solids, sucrose and reducing sugars. Total sugar content is 45-55%. Hence it is a valuable raw material for the producton of many value added products. India has the largest chemical industry in the world using sugarcane molasses to produce acetaldehyde, acetic acid, polyvinyl chloride, synthetic rubber etc. Citric acid is produced easily from molasses by submerged fermentation. Bagasse is the fibrous matter that remains after sugarcane stalks are crushed to extract their juice. It is a dry pulpy residue left after the extraction of juice from sugarcane. Bagasse is used as a biofuel and in manufacture of pulp and building materials. ]]>
Source And Management Agriculture Fisheries Household Commercial and Industry MANAGEMENT :- Storage Collection Transport and Handling Recyling Biogas production Biogas production from biomass is an anaerobic process. The anaerobic digestion is usually carried out by using are referred to as anaerobic digesters. A digester may be made up of concrete bricks and cement or steel, usually built underground. The digester has an inlet attached to a mixing tank feeding cow dung. The methanogenic bacteria from another digester are also added with cow dung. The digester is attached to a movable gas holding or storage tank with a gas outlet. The used slurry comes out from the digester through an outlet. This can be used as a manure. Process of Biogas production By products of Sugar Industries Molasses Molasses is a viscous by product of refining sugarcane or sugar beets into sugar. It contain solids, sucrose and reducing sugars. Total sugar content is 45-55%. Hence it is a valuable raw material for the producton of many value added products. India has the largest chemical industry in the world using sugarcane molasses to produce acetaldehyde, acetic acid, polyvinyl chloride, synthetic rubber etc. Citric acid is produced easily from molasses by submerged fermentation. Bagasse is the fibrous matter that remains after sugarcane stalks are crushed to extract their juice. It is a dry pulpy residue left after the extraction of juice from sugarcane. Bagasse is used as a biofuel and in manufacture of pulp and building materials. ]]> Wed, 10 Apr 2019 04:59:53 GMT /shyleshmurthy/solid-waste-and-management-bio-gas-production shyleshmurthy@slideshare.net(shyleshmurthy) SOLID WASTE AND MANAGEMENT BIO GAS PRODUCTION shyleshmurthy Source And Management Agriculture Fisheries Household Commercial and Industry MANAGEMENT :- Storage Collection Transport and Handling Recyling Biogas production Biogas production from biomass is an anaerobic process. The anaerobic digestion is usually carried out by using are referred to as anaerobic digesters. A digester may be made up of concrete bricks and cement or steel, usually built underground. The digester has an inlet attached to a mixing tank feeding cow dung. The methanogenic bacteria from another digester are also added with cow dung. The digester is attached to a movable gas holding or storage tank with a gas outlet. The used slurry comes out from the digester through an outlet. This can be used as a manure. Process of Biogas production By products of Sugar Industries Molasses Molasses is a viscous by product of refining sugarcane or sugar beets into sugar. It contain solids, sucrose and reducing sugars. Total sugar content is 45-55%. Hence it is a valuable raw material for the producton of many value added products. India has the largest chemical industry in the world using sugarcane molasses to produce acetaldehyde, acetic acid, polyvinyl chloride, synthetic rubber etc. Citric acid is produced easily from molasses by submerged fermentation. Bagasse is the fibrous matter that remains after sugarcane stalks are crushed to extract their juice. It is a dry pulpy residue left after the extraction of juice from sugarcane. Bagasse is used as a biofuel and in manufacture of pulp and building materials. <img style="border:1px solid #C3E6D8;float:right;" alt="" src="https://cdn.slidesharecdn.com/ss_thumbnails/solidwastes-190410045953-thumbnail.jpg?width=120&amp;height=120&amp;fit=bounds" /><br> Source And Management Agriculture Fisheries Household Commercial and Industry MANAGEMENT :- Storage Collection Transport and Handling Recyling Biogas production Biogas production from biomass is an anaerobic process. The anaerobic digestion is usually carried out by using are referred to as anaerobic digesters. A digester may be made up of concrete bricks and cement or steel, usually built underground. The digester has an inlet attached to a mixing tank feeding cow dung. The methanogenic bacteria from another digester are also added with cow dung. The digester is attached to a movable gas holding or storage tank with a gas outlet. The used slurry comes out from the digester through an outlet. This can be used as a manure. Process of Biogas production By products of Sugar Industries Molasses Molasses is a viscous by product of refining sugarcane or sugar beets into sugar. It contain solids, sucrose and reducing sugars. Total sugar content is 45-55%. Hence it is a valuable raw material for the producton of many value added products. India has the largest chemical industry in the world using sugarcane molasses to produce acetaldehyde, acetic acid, polyvinyl chloride, synthetic rubber etc. Citric acid is produced easily from molasses by submerged fermentation. Bagasse is the fibrous matter that remains after sugarcane stalks are crushed to extract their juice. It is a dry pulpy residue left after the extraction of juice from sugarcane. Bagasse is used as a biofuel and in manufacture of pulp and building materials.
SOLID WASTE AND MANAGEMENT BIO GAS PRODUCTION from Shylesh M
]]> 3680 1 https://cdn.slidesharecdn.com/ss_thumbnails/solidwastes-190410045953-thumbnail.jpg?width=120&height=120&fit=bounds presentation Black http://activitystrea.ms/schema/1.0/post http://activitystrea.ms/schema/1.0/posted 0 STRUCTURAL ORGANIZATION OF PROTEINS /slideshow/structural-organization-of-proteins/139662604 structuralorganizationofprotein-190405055958
Primary structure of protein Secondary structure of protein Tertiary structure of protein Quaternary structure of protein Methods to determine protein structure Conclusion References METHODS TO DETERMINE PROTEIN STRUCTURE Each protein has a unique sequence of amino acids. The amino acids are held together in a protein by covalent peptide bonds or linkages. A peptide bond are formed when amino group of an amino acid combines with the carboxyl group of another. The conformation of polypeptide chain by twisting or folding is referred to as secondary structure. Two types of secondary structures α-helix and β-sheet are mainly identified. α-Helical structure was proposed by Pauling and Corey in 1951. It occurs when the sequence of amino acids are linked by hydrogen bonds. Each turn of α-helix contains 3.6 amino acids. β-pleated sheets are composed of two or more segments of fully extended peptide chains. β-Sheets may be arranged either in parallel or anti-parallel direction. Many globular proteins contain combinations of α-helix and β-pleated sheet secondary structure, these patterns are called supersecondary structures also called motifs. The three dimensional arrangement of protein structure is referred to as tertiary structure. It is a compact structure with hydrophobic side chains held interior while the hydrophilic groups are on the surface. This type of arrangement provide stability of the molecule. Besides the H-bongs, disulfide bonds, ionic interactions, hydrophobic interactions also contribute to the tertiary structure. ]]>
Primary structure of protein Secondary structure of protein Tertiary structure of protein Quaternary structure of protein Methods to determine protein structure Conclusion References METHODS TO DETERMINE PROTEIN STRUCTURE Each protein has a unique sequence of amino acids. The amino acids are held together in a protein by covalent peptide bonds or linkages. A peptide bond are formed when amino group of an amino acid combines with the carboxyl group of another. The conformation of polypeptide chain by twisting or folding is referred to as secondary structure. Two types of secondary structures α-helix and β-sheet are mainly identified. α-Helical structure was proposed by Pauling and Corey in 1951. It occurs when the sequence of amino acids are linked by hydrogen bonds. Each turn of α-helix contains 3.6 amino acids. β-pleated sheets are composed of two or more segments of fully extended peptide chains. β-Sheets may be arranged either in parallel or anti-parallel direction. Many globular proteins contain combinations of α-helix and β-pleated sheet secondary structure, these patterns are called supersecondary structures also called motifs. The three dimensional arrangement of protein structure is referred to as tertiary structure. It is a compact structure with hydrophobic side chains held interior while the hydrophilic groups are on the surface. This type of arrangement provide stability of the molecule. Besides the H-bongs, disulfide bonds, ionic interactions, hydrophobic interactions also contribute to the tertiary structure. ]]> Fri, 05 Apr 2019 05:59:58 GMT /slideshow/structural-organization-of-proteins/139662604 shyleshmurthy@slideshare.net(shyleshmurthy) STRUCTURAL ORGANIZATION OF PROTEINS shyleshmurthy Primary structure of protein Secondary structure of protein Tertiary structure of protein Quaternary structure of protein Methods to determine protein structure Conclusion References METHODS TO DETERMINE PROTEIN STRUCTURE Each protein has a unique sequence of amino acids. The amino acids are held together in a protein by covalent peptide bonds or linkages. A peptide bond are formed when amino group of an amino acid combines with the carboxyl group of another. The conformation of polypeptide chain by twisting or folding is referred to as secondary structure. Two types of secondary structures α-helix and β-sheet are mainly identified. α-Helical structure was proposed by Pauling and Corey in 1951. It occurs when the sequence of amino acids are linked by hydrogen bonds. Each turn of α-helix contains 3.6 amino acids. β-pleated sheets are composed of two or more segments of fully extended peptide chains. β-Sheets may be arranged either in parallel or anti-parallel direction. Many globular proteins contain combinations of α-helix and β-pleated sheet secondary structure, these patterns are called supersecondary structures also called motifs. The three dimensional arrangement of protein structure is referred to as tertiary structure. It is a compact structure with hydrophobic side chains held interior while the hydrophilic groups are on the surface. This type of arrangement provide stability of the molecule. Besides the H-bongs, disulfide bonds, ionic interactions, hydrophobic interactions also contribute to the tertiary structure. <img style="border:1px solid #C3E6D8;float:right;" alt="" src="https://cdn.slidesharecdn.com/ss_thumbnails/structuralorganizationofprotein-190405055958-thumbnail.jpg?width=120&amp;height=120&amp;fit=bounds" /><br> Primary structure of protein Secondary structure of protein Tertiary structure of protein Quaternary structure of protein Methods to determine protein structure Conclusion References METHODS TO DETERMINE PROTEIN STRUCTURE Each protein has a unique sequence of amino acids. The amino acids are held together in a protein by covalent peptide bonds or linkages. A peptide bond are formed when amino group of an amino acid combines with the carboxyl group of another. The conformation of polypeptide chain by twisting or folding is referred to as secondary structure. Two types of secondary structures α-helix and β-sheet are mainly identified. α-Helical structure was proposed by Pauling and Corey in 1951. It occurs when the sequence of amino acids are linked by hydrogen bonds. Each turn of α-helix contains 3.6 amino acids. β-pleated sheets are composed of two or more segments of fully extended peptide chains. β-Sheets may be arranged either in parallel or anti-parallel direction. Many globular proteins contain combinations of α-helix and β-pleated sheet secondary structure, these patterns are called supersecondary structures also called motifs. The three dimensional arrangement of protein structure is referred to as tertiary structure. It is a compact structure with hydrophobic side chains held interior while the hydrophilic groups are on the surface. This type of arrangement provide stability of the molecule. Besides the H-bongs, disulfide bonds, ionic interactions, hydrophobic interactions also contribute to the tertiary structure.
STRUCTURAL ORGANIZATION OF PROTEINS from Shylesh M
]]> 18363 1 https://cdn.slidesharecdn.com/ss_thumbnails/structuralorganizationofprotein-190405055958-thumbnail.jpg?width=120&height=120&fit=bounds presentation Black http://activitystrea.ms/schema/1.0/post http://activitystrea.ms/schema/1.0/posted 0 Biochemical Evidence For dna As Genetic Material /slideshow/molbio-2k17/117516323 molbio2k17-181001052709
Biochemical Evidence For dna As Genetic Material What is genetic material The genetic information in all cell is stored in DNA ,Discovery of Transformation in Bacteria , The transforming principle is DNA , HERSHEY & CHASE (1952) EXPERIMENT WITH T2 BACTERIOPHAGE, Summary of Hershey & Chase (1952 ) experiment ]]>
Biochemical Evidence For dna As Genetic Material What is genetic material The genetic information in all cell is stored in DNA ,Discovery of Transformation in Bacteria , The transforming principle is DNA , HERSHEY & CHASE (1952) EXPERIMENT WITH T2 BACTERIOPHAGE, Summary of Hershey & Chase (1952 ) experiment ]]> Mon, 01 Oct 2018 05:27:09 GMT /slideshow/molbio-2k17/117516323 shyleshmurthy@slideshare.net(shyleshmurthy) Biochemical Evidence For dna As Genetic Material shyleshmurthy Biochemical Evidence For dna As Genetic Material What is genetic material The genetic information in all cell is stored in DNA ,Discovery of Transformation in Bacteria , The transforming principle is DNA , HERSHEY & CHASE (1952) EXPERIMENT WITH T2 BACTERIOPHAGE, Summary of Hershey & Chase (1952 ) experiment <img style="border:1px solid #C3E6D8;float:right;" alt="" src="https://cdn.slidesharecdn.com/ss_thumbnails/molbio2k17-181001052709-thumbnail.jpg?width=120&amp;height=120&amp;fit=bounds" /><br> Biochemical Evidence For dna As Genetic Material What is genetic material The genetic information in all cell is stored in DNA ,Discovery of Transformation in Bacteria , The transforming principle is DNA , HERSHEY &amp; CHASE (1952) EXPERIMENT WITH T2 BACTERIOPHAGE, Summary of Hershey &amp; Chase (1952 ) experiment
Biochemical Evidence For dna As Genetic Material from Shylesh M
]]> 2166 2 https://cdn.slidesharecdn.com/ss_thumbnails/molbio2k17-181001052709-thumbnail.jpg?width=120&height=120&fit=bounds presentation Black http://activitystrea.ms/schema/1.0/post http://activitystrea.ms/schema/1.0/posted 0 PRIONS AND VIROIDS /slideshow/2016-2-117515387/117515387 2016-2-181001052222
PRIONS AND VIROIDS , Diseases caused by Prions General properties , REPLICATION OF VIROIDS , viorids is 2 types ]]>
PRIONS AND VIROIDS , Diseases caused by Prions General properties , REPLICATION OF VIROIDS , viorids is 2 types ]]> Mon, 01 Oct 2018 05:22:22 GMT /slideshow/2016-2-117515387/117515387 shyleshmurthy@slideshare.net(shyleshmurthy) PRIONS AND VIROIDS shyleshmurthy PRIONS AND VIROIDS , Diseases caused by Prions General properties , REPLICATION OF VIROIDS , viorids is 2 types <img style="border:1px solid #C3E6D8;float:right;" alt="" src="https://cdn.slidesharecdn.com/ss_thumbnails/2016-2-181001052222-thumbnail.jpg?width=120&amp;height=120&amp;fit=bounds" /><br> PRIONS AND VIROIDS , Diseases caused by Prions General properties , REPLICATION OF VIROIDS , viorids is 2 types
PRIONS AND VIROIDS from Shylesh M
]]> 2627 2 https://cdn.slidesharecdn.com/ss_thumbnails/2016-2-181001052222-thumbnail.jpg?width=120&height=120&fit=bounds presentation Black http://activitystrea.ms/schema/1.0/post http://activitystrea.ms/schema/1.0/posted 0 Vitamine B1 Thaimine Pyrophosphate /shyleshmurthy/vitamine-b1-thaimine-pyrophosphate vitamineb1thaimine-180613130931
Vitamine B1 Thaimine Pyrophosphate ,Types of cofactors ,Co enzymes, The functional role of Co enzymes is to act as transporters of chemical group, Chemistry, Co enzyme: thiamine Pyrophosphate]]>
Vitamine B1 Thaimine Pyrophosphate ,Types of cofactors ,Co enzymes, The functional role of Co enzymes is to act as transporters of chemical group, Chemistry, Co enzyme: thiamine Pyrophosphate]]> Wed, 13 Jun 2018 13:09:31 GMT /shyleshmurthy/vitamine-b1-thaimine-pyrophosphate shyleshmurthy@slideshare.net(shyleshmurthy) Vitamine B1 Thaimine Pyrophosphate shyleshmurthy Vitamine B1 Thaimine Pyrophosphate ,Types of cofactors ,Co enzymes, The functional role of Co enzymes is to act as transporters of chemical group, Chemistry, Co enzyme: thiamine Pyrophosphate <img style="border:1px solid #C3E6D8;float:right;" alt="" src="https://cdn.slidesharecdn.com/ss_thumbnails/vitamineb1thaimine-180613130931-thumbnail.jpg?width=120&amp;height=120&amp;fit=bounds" /><br> Vitamine B1 Thaimine Pyrophosphate ,Types of cofactors ,Co enzymes, The functional role of Co enzymes is to act as transporters of chemical group, Chemistry, Co enzyme: thiamine Pyrophosphate
Vitamine B1 Thaimine Pyrophosphate from Shylesh M
]]> 8182 2 https://cdn.slidesharecdn.com/ss_thumbnails/vitamineb1thaimine-180613130931-thumbnail.jpg?width=120&height=120&fit=bounds presentation Black http://activitystrea.ms/schema/1.0/post http://activitystrea.ms/schema/1.0/posted 0 STAINING TECHNIQUES AND TYPES PROCEDURE. /slideshow/staining-techniques-and-types-procedure-100430921/100430921 shylesh2-180604140017
STAINING TECHNIQUES AND TYPES PROCEDURE, EXAMPLES ,RESULT. ]]>
STAINING TECHNIQUES AND TYPES PROCEDURE, EXAMPLES ,RESULT. ]]> Mon, 04 Jun 2018 14:00:17 GMT /slideshow/staining-techniques-and-types-procedure-100430921/100430921 shyleshmurthy@slideshare.net(shyleshmurthy) STAINING TECHNIQUES AND TYPES PROCEDURE. shyleshmurthy STAINING TECHNIQUES AND TYPES PROCEDURE, EXAMPLES ,RESULT. <img style="border:1px solid #C3E6D8;float:right;" alt="" src="https://cdn.slidesharecdn.com/ss_thumbnails/shylesh2-180604140017-thumbnail.jpg?width=120&amp;height=120&amp;fit=bounds" /><br> STAINING TECHNIQUES AND TYPES PROCEDURE, EXAMPLES ,RESULT.
STAINING TECHNIQUES AND TYPES PROCEDURE. from Shylesh M
]]> 103880 7 https://cdn.slidesharecdn.com/ss_thumbnails/shylesh2-180604140017-thumbnail.jpg?width=120&height=120&fit=bounds presentation Black http://activitystrea.ms/schema/1.0/post http://activitystrea.ms/schema/1.0/posted 0 Capture of carbondioxide , entrapement of Co2 /slideshow/capture-of-carbondioxide-entrapement-of-co2/99316010 shyleshmediclbtchh-180529031152
Steps for co2 capture and process involved ,using fungi for entrapment uses of fungi ]]>
Steps for co2 capture and process involved ,using fungi for entrapment uses of fungi ]]> Tue, 29 May 2018 03:11:52 GMT /slideshow/capture-of-carbondioxide-entrapement-of-co2/99316010 shyleshmurthy@slideshare.net(shyleshmurthy) Capture of carbondioxide , entrapement of Co2 shyleshmurthy Steps for co2 capture and process involved ,using fungi for entrapment uses of fungi <img style="border:1px solid #C3E6D8;float:right;" alt="" src="https://cdn.slidesharecdn.com/ss_thumbnails/shyleshmediclbtchh-180529031152-thumbnail.jpg?width=120&amp;height=120&amp;fit=bounds" /><br> Steps for co2 capture and process involved ,using fungi for entrapment uses of fungi
Capture of carbondioxide , entrapement of Co2 from Shylesh M
]]> 236 1 https://cdn.slidesharecdn.com/ss_thumbnails/shyleshmediclbtchh-180529031152-thumbnail.jpg?width=120&height=120&fit=bounds presentation Black http://activitystrea.ms/schema/1.0/post http://activitystrea.ms/schema/1.0/posted 0 FERMENTATION TYPES . /slideshow/fermentation-types/97371128 pptnw-180517064542
Fermentation and types , steps involved .examples .Advantage and Disadvantage.]]>
Fermentation and types , steps involved .examples .Advantage and Disadvantage.]]> Thu, 17 May 2018 06:45:42 GMT /slideshow/fermentation-types/97371128 shyleshmurthy@slideshare.net(shyleshmurthy) FERMENTATION TYPES . shyleshmurthy Fermentation and types , steps involved .examples .Advantage and Disadvantage. <img style="border:1px solid #C3E6D8;float:right;" alt="" src="https://cdn.slidesharecdn.com/ss_thumbnails/pptnw-180517064542-thumbnail.jpg?width=120&amp;height=120&amp;fit=bounds" /><br> Fermentation and types , steps involved .examples .Advantage and Disadvantage.
FERMENTATION TYPES . from Shylesh M
]]> 117042 4 https://cdn.slidesharecdn.com/ss_thumbnails/pptnw-180517064542-thumbnail.jpg?width=120&height=120&fit=bounds presentation Black http://activitystrea.ms/schema/1.0/post http://activitystrea.ms/schema/1.0/posted 0 HUMAN CHROMOSOMAL ABERRATIONS AND KARYOTYPE ANALYSIS. /shyleshmurthy/2016-1-93041929 2016-1-180406045157
HUMAN CHROMOSOMAL ABERRATIONS AND KARYOTYPE ANALYSIS. ]]>
HUMAN CHROMOSOMAL ABERRATIONS AND KARYOTYPE ANALYSIS. ]]> Fri, 06 Apr 2018 04:51:57 GMT /shyleshmurthy/2016-1-93041929 shyleshmurthy@slideshare.net(shyleshmurthy) HUMAN CHROMOSOMAL ABERRATIONS AND KARYOTYPE ANALYSIS. shyleshmurthy HUMAN CHROMOSOMAL ABERRATIONS AND KARYOTYPE ANALYSIS. <img style="border:1px solid #C3E6D8;float:right;" alt="" src="https://cdn.slidesharecdn.com/ss_thumbnails/2016-1-180406045157-thumbnail.jpg?width=120&amp;height=120&amp;fit=bounds" /><br> HUMAN CHROMOSOMAL ABERRATIONS AND KARYOTYPE ANALYSIS.
HUMAN CHROMOSOMAL ABERRATIONS AND KARYOTYPE ANALYSIS. from Shylesh M
]]> 2173 3 https://cdn.slidesharecdn.com/ss_thumbnails/2016-1-180406045157-thumbnail.jpg?width=120&height=120&fit=bounds presentation Black http://activitystrea.ms/schema/1.0/post http://activitystrea.ms/schema/1.0/posted 0 https://public.slidesharecdn.com/v2/images/profile-picture.png https://cdn.slidesharecdn.com/ss_thumbnails/topologicalmanupilationofdna-221212031331-1c65ad28-thumbnail.jpg?width=320&height=320&fit=bounds slideshow/topological-manupilation-of-dnapptx/254862991 Topological manupilati... https://cdn.slidesharecdn.com/ss_thumbnails/rnaipathway-220319085510-thumbnail.jpg?width=320&height=320&fit=bounds slideshow/rna-i-pathway/251380326 RNA – i PATHWAY https://cdn.slidesharecdn.com/ss_thumbnails/morphologyofviruses-220128160749-thumbnail.jpg?width=320&height=320&fit=bounds slideshow/morphology-of-viruses-251073134/251073134 Morphology Of Viruses ...