05 attention
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This document discusses attention and visual processing in human-computer interaction. It describes how attention can be controlled both top-down through expectations and intentions, and bottom-up through salience and novelty. It also outlines six factors that influence visual scanning, such as habits, attention capture, and information value. The document examines visual search and how the effort required depends on how well-specified or vague the target is, as well as whether the field is structured or unpredictable. It provides tips for facilitating visual search, such as making targets salient, novel, or possessing a unique feature.
05 attention
- 1. The Design HCI human Process factor
- 3. Memory Long term memory: Learning Short term memory Working memory
- 4. Attention Understanding attention processes Note to self see - http://www.useit.com/alertbox/tunnel-vision.html What is attention?
- 5. Attention Understanding attention processes Why is attention relevant to interface design?
- 6. Spotlight metaphor What makes the spotlight move? Visualogist on flickr
- 7. Attention Control Top-down Bottom-up
- 8. Attention Control Top-down Driven by: Expectation Intention Bottom-up
- 10. Attention Control Top-down Captured by: Salience Newness Facilitated by: Persons Bottom-up attentional set
- 12. v Visual Scanning s Visual Search
- 13. v Visual Scanning s Visual Search
- 14. Visual Scanning Influenced by 6 factors: 1 Habit 2 Attention capture 3 Info content: Event rate 4 Info content: Contextual relevance 5 Information value 6 Effort conservation
- 16. Visual Scanning Probability of looking at an area: Salience Effort Expectancy Value
- 17. v Visual Scanning s Visual Search
- 18. Visual Search The effort to detect a target item whose presence or position in the field is not known a priori.
- 19. Target Well-specified Vague Top-down Bottom-up
- 20. Field Structured Predictable Haphazard In which type of field is it easier to find a target?
- 21. Facilitating Visual Search How can we design interfaces so its easier for people to find what they need?
- 22. A target is easier to find if It is salient. It is novel or unfamiliar among familiar items. It possesses a unique feature rather than lacking it.* It (not the distractors) deviates from a default value.* Only one target needs to be sought at a time.
- 23. Presence/Absence of Unique Feature
- 24. Deviation from default value | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
- 25. Summary Attentional Control Top-down vs. Bottom-up Visual Scanning 6 factors that influence it Visual Search Target Field Facilitating it Amazon.com
Editor's Notes
- #11: Salience - contrast especially motion or color contrastNewness abrupt onset, appearance of something new on the sceneAttentional set if person is searching for it or is otherwise prepared to let it grab attention
- #15: If a channel has a high event rate, people will sample that more frequently than if it had a low event rate something that is frequently updated gets visual visits more often than something that is static or updates more slowly think car gauges, we sample spedometer more often than engine temperature.Contextual relevance the context of events that have happened there previously suggest that information is now available there. There is a cue that there is information there usually an alarm or indication.Info value the expected value to be gained, or lost, if the info is not noticed