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Accessibility Testing With Eventual Users And Findings
‫ﻫﺎ‬‫ﯾﺎﻓﺘﻪ‬ ‫ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ‬ ‫و‬ ‫واﻗﻌﯽ‬ ‫ﮐﺎرﺑﺮان‬ ‫ﺑﺎ‬ ‫آزﻣﺎیﯽ‬‫دﺳﺘﺮﺳﯽ‬

Global Accessibility Awareness Day
19 May 2022

‫ﯾﺎ‬ ‫ﺟﺴمﯽ‬ ‫ﻣﺤﺪودﯾﺖ‬ ‫از‬ ‫ﻧﻮﻋﯽ‬ ‫دارای‬ ،‫آزﻣﻮن‬ ‫در‬ ‫ﮐﺎرﺑﺮان‬ ‫ﮐﻪ‬ ‫اﺳﺖ‬ ‫ﮐﺎرﺑﺮدﭘﺬیﺮی‬ ‫ﻫﺎی‬‫آزﻣﻮن‬ ‫اﻧﻮاع‬ ‫از‬ ‫ﯾﮑﯽ‬
.‫ﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ‬ ‫ﺗﻮاﻧﯽ‬‫ﮐﻢ‬ ‫ﯾﺎ‬ ‫ﻧﺎﺗﻮاﻧﯽ‬
‫ﻧﺎﺗﻮاﻧﯽ‬ ‫اﻧﻮاع‬
•
(‫ﮐﻮررﻧﮕﯽ‬ ،‫ﺑﯿﻨﺎیﯽ‬‫ﮐﻢ‬ ،‫)ﻧﺎﺑﯿﻨﺎیﯽ‬ ‫دﯾﺪاری‬ ‫ﻧﺎﺗﻮاﻧﯽ‬
•
(‫ﺷﻨﻮایﯽ‬‫ﮐﻢ‬ ،‫)ﻧﺎﺷﻨﻮایﯽ‬ ‫ﺷﻨﯿﺪاری‬ ‫ﻧﺎﺗﻮاﻧﯽ‬
•
(‫ﭘﺎرﮐﯿﻨﺴﻮن‬ ،‫ﻋﻀﻼﻧﯽ‬ ،‫اﺳﺘﺨﻮاﻧﯽ‬ ‫)ﻣﺸﮑﻼت‬ ‫ﺣﺮﮐﺘﯽ‬ ‫ﻧﺎﺗﻮاﻧﯽ‬
•
(‫دﯾﺴﮑﻠﮑﻮﻟﯿﺎ‬ ،‫دﯾﺴﻠﮑﺴﯿﺎ‬ ،‫)اوﺗﯿﺴﻢ‬ ‫ذﻫﻨﯽ‬ ‫ﻧﺎﺗﻮاﻧﯽ‬
•
‫ﺳﻦ‬ ‫ﮐﻬﻮﻟﺖ‬ ‫اﺛﺮ‬ ‫ﺑﺮ‬ ‫ﻧﺎﺗﻮاﻧﯽ‬
•
(‫روز‬ ‫در‬ ‫زﯾﺎد‬ ‫ﻧﻮر‬ ‫ﯾﺎ‬ ‫ﺷﺐ‬ ‫در‬ ‫ﮐﻢ‬ ‫ﻧﻮر‬ ‫وﺟﻮد‬ ،‫دﺳﺖ‬ ‫ﯾﮏ‬ ‫ﺑﻮدن‬ ‫درﮔیﺮ‬ ،‫راﻧﻨﺪﮔﯽ‬ ‫)ﻫﻨﮕﺎم‬ ‫ﻣﻮﻗﻌﯿﺖ‬ ‫اﺛﺮ‬ ‫ﺑﺮ‬ ‫ﻧﺎﺗﻮاﻧﯽ‬
‫ﭼﯿﺴﺖ؟‬ (‫آزﻣﺎیﯽ‬‫)دﺳﺘﺮﺳﯽ‬ ‫ﭘﺬیﺮی‬‫دﺳﺘﺮﺳﯽ‬ ‫آزﻣﻮن‬

.1
‫ﮐﺪ‬ ‫ﻻﯾﻪ‬ ‫در‬ ‫ﺳﺎزی‬‫ﺑﻬﯿﻨﻪ‬ : Optimize code
.2
‫دیﺰایﻦ‬ ‫ﻻﯾﻪ‬ ‫در‬ Layout ‫ﺳﺎدﮔﯽ‬ : Simpliﬁed layout
.3
(‫ﻧﻮﯾﺴﯽ‬‫)ﺗﺠﺮﺑﻪ‬ ‫راﯾﺘﯿﻨﮓ‬ ‫یﻮاﯾﮑﺲ‬ ‫ﻻﯾﻪ‬ ‫در‬ ‫ﺳﺎدﮔﯽ‬ : Plain English
.4
‫ﻣﺨتﻠﻒ‬ ‫ﻫﺎی‬‫ﻣﺤﯿﻂ‬ ‫روی‬ ‫ﻣﺤﺼﻮل‬ ‫آزﻣﻮدن‬ :Browser/device compatible
‫ﮐﺎرﺑﺮدﭘﺬیﺮی‬ ‫و‬ ‫ﭘﺬیﺮی‬‫دﺳﺘﺮﺳﯽ‬ ِ
‫ﻣﺸﺘﺮک‬ ‫ﻣﻮارد‬

1. Video transcription
2. image captioning
3. image alt attribute
4. Title tags
5. Header tags
6. Link anchor text
7. on-site sitemaps , table of content, breadcrumbs
8. content ordering
9. size and color contrast of text
10. semantic HTML
‫ﺳﺌﻮ‬ ‫و‬ ‫ﭘﺬیﺮی‬‫دﺳﺘﺮﺳﯽ‬ ِ
‫اﺷﺘﺮاک‬ ‫ﻣﻮارد‬

.1
Using Checkers
‫دﻫﻨﺪ‬‫مﯽ‬ ‫ﮔﺰارش‬ ‫و‬ ‫ﮐﻨﻨﺪ‬‫مﯽ‬ ‫ﭼﮏ‬ ‫را‬ ‫ﺷﻤﺎ‬ ‫اﭘﻠﯿﮑﯿﺸﻦ‬ ‫ﯾﺎ‬ ‫ﺳﺎﯾﺖ‬‫وب‬ ‫ﮐﻪ‬ ‫اﺑﺰارﻫﺎیﯽ‬ ‫از‬ ‫اﺳﺘﻔﺎده‬
.2
Using guidelines
‫ﻫﺎ‬‫ﺳﺎﯾﺖ‬‫وب‬ ‫ﭘﺬیﺮی‬‫دﺳﺘﺮﺳﯽ‬ ‫ﺑﺮای‬ ‫ﺷﺪه‬‫وﺿﻊ‬ ‫ﻗﻮاﻧیﻦ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﭘﺎﯾﺒﻨﺪی‬
.3
Testing with users
‫ﮐﯿﻔﯿﺖ‬ ‫از‬ ‫اﻃﻤﯿﻨﺎن‬ ‫ﺑﺮای‬ ‫ﺗﻮاﻧﯿﺪ‬‫ﻧمﯽ‬ ‫ﺷﻤﺎ‬ ‫و‬ ‫دارد‬ ‫ﺣﺴﺎﺳﯿﺖ‬ ‫ﮐﺎرﺑﺮدﭘﺬیﺮی‬ ‫ﺑﺮاﺑﺮ‬ ‫دو‬ ‫ﭘﺬیﺮی‬‫دﺳﺘﺮﺳﯽ‬
‫ﭘﺬیﺮی‬‫دﺳﺘﺮﺳﯽ‬
‫ﻧﻤﺎیﯿﺪ‬ ‫آزﻣﺎﯾﺶ‬ ‫واﻗﻌﯽ‬ ‫ﮐﺎرﺑﺮ‬ ‫ﺑﺎ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﯾﺪ‬ ‫ﺑﻠﮑﻪ‬ ‫ﮐﻨﯿﺪ‬ ‫ﭼﮏ‬ ‫را‬ ‫ﺧﻮد‬ ‫ﮐﺪ‬ ‫ﯾﺎ‬ ‫و‬ ‫ﮐﻨﯿﺪ‬ ‫پیﺮوی‬ ‫اﺳتﺎﻧﺪاردﻫﺎ‬ ‫از‬ ‫ﻓﻘﻂ‬ ‫ﻣﺤﺼﻮل‬
‫ﭘﺬیﺮی‬‫دﺳﺘﺮﺳﯽ‬ ‫ﺳﺎزی‬‫ﺑﻬﯿﻨﻪ‬ ‫ﻣﺮاﺣﻞ‬

Web Checkers :
● wave.Webaim.org
● Accessibe.com
● Remediate.co (Based on WCAG 2.1)
● HTML CodeSniffer
● Other tools : w3.org/WAI/ER/tools/
‫ﻣﻮﺑﺎیﻞ‬ ‫و‬ ‫وب‬ ‫ﭘﺬیﺮی‬‫دﺳﺘﺮﺳﯽ‬ ‫ﮐﺮدن‬ ‫ﭼﮏ‬ ‫اﺑﺰارﻫﺎی‬
Mobile Checkers:
● aXe app
Chrome Plugins:
● aXe DevTools
● UI Options Plus
● Siteimprove checker
PDF Checker:
● Adobe Acrobat Pro
● Document Accessibility Toolbar (DAT)
Desktop applications:
● SiteSort Desktop
● ColorOracle Checker

Guidelines
1. WCAG 2.1 Document
2. Section 508 Checklists
3. UK Government Accessibility guideline
Checklists
4. Romeo Elsevier Accessibility Checklist
5. https://www.a11yproject.com/checklist/
6. https://dequeuniversity.com/checklists/web/
7. https://www.w3.org/WAI/WCAG21/quickref/
8. https://www.wuhcag.com/wcag-checklist/
9. https://usability.yale.edu/web-accessibility/articles/wcag2-checklist
‫ﭘﺬیﺮی‬‫دﺳﺘﺮﺳﯽ‬ ‫ﻫﺎی‬‫ﻧﺎﻣﻪ‬‫ﺷیﻮه‬

.1
‫ﮐﻨﯿﺪ‬ ‫ﺗﺴﺖ‬ ‫ﺧﻮاﻫﯿﺪ‬‫مﯽ‬ ‫ﮐﻪ‬ ‫ﻫﺎیﯽ‬‫ﺑﺨﺶ‬ ‫درﺑﺎره‬ ‫ﮔیﺮی‬‫ﺗﺼﻤﯿﻢ‬
.2
‫ﺑﯿﺎزﻣﺎیﯿﺪ‬ ‫ﺧﻮاﻫﯿﺪ‬‫مﯽ‬ ‫ﮐﻪ‬ ‫ﮐﺎرﺑﺮی‬ ‫وﻇﺎﯾﻒ‬ ‫ﺗﻌییﻦ‬
.3
‫دﺳﺘﺮﺳﯽ‬ ‫آزﻣﻮن‬ ‫ﻫﺮ‬ ‫در‬ ‫ﻣﻮﻓﻘﯿﺖ‬ ‫اﺳتﺎﻧﺪارد‬ ‫ﻫﺎی‬‫ﺳﻨﺠﻪ‬ ‫ﺗﻌییﻦ‬
.4
‫آزﻣﻮن‬ ‫ﮐﻨﻨﺪه‬‫ﺗﻌﺪل‬ ‫و‬ ‫ﮐﺎرﺑﺮی‬ ‫وﻇﺎﯾﻒ‬ ‫ﻣﺘﻦ‬ ،‫ﻫﺎ‬‫ﻧﺎﻣﻪ‬‫پﺮﺳﺶ‬ ،‫ﭘﺬیﺮی‬‫دﺳﺘﺮﺳﯽ‬ ‫آزﻣﻮن‬ ‫ﻧﻘﺸﻪ‬ ‫ﺗﻬﯿﻪ‬
.5
‫آزﻣﻮن‬ ‫ﻓیﺰﯾﮑﯽ‬ ‫ﻣﺤﯿﻂ‬ ‫در‬ ‫اﻓﺮاد‬ ‫ﻫﺎی‬‫ﻧﻘﺶ‬ ‫ﺗﻌییﻦ‬
.6
‫آﻧﺎن‬ ‫ﺑﺎ‬ ‫ﻫﻤﺎﻫﻨﮕﯽ‬ ‫و‬ ‫ﮔﺮی‬‫ﻏﺮﺑﺎل‬ ،‫ﮐﻨﻨﺪﮔﺎن‬‫ﻣﺸﺎرﮐﺖ‬ ‫ﯾﺎﻓﺘﻦ‬
.7
‫ﭘﺬیﺮی‬‫دﺳﺘﺮﺳﯽ‬ ‫آزﻣﻮن‬ ‫اﺟﺮای‬
.8
‫آزﻣﺎیﯽ‬‫دﺳﺘﺮﺳﯽ‬ ‫ﻧتﺎیﺞ‬ ‫آﻧﺎﻟیﺰ‬
.9
‫ﻃﺮاﺣﯽ‬ ‫و‬ ‫ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ‬ ‫ﻫﺎی‬‫ﺗﯿﻢ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫آن‬ ‫دادن‬ ‫اراﺋﻪ‬ ‫و‬ ‫ﮔﺰارش‬ ‫ﺗﻬﯿﻪ‬
.10
‫ﻫﺎ‬‫ﺗﯿﻢ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫آن‬ ‫ﻣﻌﺮﻓﯽ‬ ‫و‬ ‫ﻧتﺎیﺞ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﺟﻪ‬ ‫ﺑﺎ‬ ‫ﮐﺪﻧﻮﯾﺴﯽ‬ ‫و‬ ‫ﻃﺮاﺣﯽ‬ ‫ﻫﺎی‬‫اﺳتﺎﻧﺪارد‬ ‫ﺗﻌییﻦ‬
(‫آزﻣﺎیﯽ‬‫)دﺳﺘﺮﺳﯽ‬ ‫ﭘﺬیﺮی‬‫دﺳﺘﺮﺳﯽ‬ ‫آزﻣﻮن‬ ‫ﻓﺮاﯾﻨﺪ‬

1. NVDA application for windows
2. Android Accessibility Scanner + eSpeak NG (for persian language)
‫اﻧﺪروﯾﺪ‬ ‫و‬ ‫وﯾﻨﺪوز‬ ‫در‬ ‫اﻓﺰار‬‫ﻧﺮم‬ ‫ﺑﺮ‬ ‫ﻣﺒتﻨﯽ‬ ‫ﻫﺎی‬‫آزﻣﻮن‬ ‫اﻧﺠﺎم‬

‫ﻧﺎﺑﯿﻨﺎیﯽ‬ ‫ﻣﺸﮑﻼت‬
‫ﺧیﺮ‬ ‫ﺑﺮیﻞ؟‬
‫ﮔﻮش‬ ‫ﻧﺎﻣﻔﻬﻮم‬ ‫ﻣﺘﻦ‬ ‫ﮐﻠﯽ‬ ‫ﻣﺠﺒﻮرﻧﺪ‬ ‫ﻧﺎﺑﯿﻨﺎ‬ ‫ﮐﺎرﺑﺮان‬ ،‫ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬ ‫ﻧﺸﺪه‬ ‫ﺑﻬﯿﻨﻪ‬ ،‫ﺧﻮان‬‫ﺻﻔﺤﻪ‬ ‫اﻓﺰارﻫﺎی‬‫ﻧﺮم‬ ‫ﺑﺮای‬ ‫ای‬‫ﺻﻔﺤﻪ‬ ‫اﮔﺮ‬
‫ﺑﺪﻫﻨﺪ‬
.‫ﺑﺮﺳﻨﺪ‬ ‫ﻣﻄﻠﺐ‬ ‫اﺻﻞ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫تﺎ‬
‫ﮐﻨﯿﺪ‬ ‫اﺳﺘﻔﺎده‬ ‫ﺳﻤﺎﻧﺘﯿﮏ‬ ‫ﻫﺎی‬‫تﮓ‬ ‫از‬
‫ﮐﻮررﻧﮕﯽ‬ ‫ﻣﺸﮑﻼت‬
‫ﻣﺸﮑﻼت‬ ‫و‬ ‫ﺷﻮد‬‫مﯽ‬ ‫دﯾﺪه‬ ‫ﺧﺮدﻟﯽ‬ ‫رﻧﮓ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﻣﻌﻤﻮﻻ‬ ‫ﻗﺮﻣﺰ‬ ‫رﻧﮓ‬ .‫اﺳﺖ‬ ‫ﺳﺒﺰ‬ ‫و‬ ‫ﻗﺮﻣﺰ‬ ‫ﻫﺎی‬‫رﻧﮓ‬ ‫ﺑیﻦ‬ ‫ﮐﻮررﻧﮕﯽ‬ ‫ﻣﺸﮑﻼت‬ ‫اﮐﺜﺮ‬
(‫ﻧﺒﺎﺷﯿﺪ‬ ‫ﻣتﮑﯽ‬ ‫ﻫﺎ‬‫رﻧﮓ‬ ‫)ﺑﻪ‬ .‫ﮐﻨﺪ‬‫مﯽ‬ ‫اﯾﺠﺎد‬ ‫ارور‬ ‫ﻫﺎی‬‫پﯿﺎم‬ ‫در‬ ‫را‬ ‫زﯾﺎدی‬ ‫ادراﮐﯽ‬
‫ﺑﯿﻨﺎیﯽ‬‫ﮐﻢ‬ ‫ﻣﺸﮑﻼت‬
‫ﻫﺎﺷﻮن‬‫ﭼﺸﻢ‬ ‫ﻧﺰدﯾﮏ‬ ‫ﺧﯿﻠﯽ‬ ‫را‬ ‫ﮔﻮﺷﯽ‬ ‫ﯾﺎ‬ ‫ﮐﻨﻨﺪ‬‫مﯽ‬ ‫اﺳﺘﻔﺎده‬ ‫دﺳﮑتﺎپ‬ ‫و‬ ‫ﻣﻮﺑﺎیﻞ‬ ‫در‬ ‫ﻫﺎ‬‫ﮐﻨﻨﺪه‬‫زوم‬ ‫از‬ ‫ﻣﻌﻤﻮﻻ‬ ‫ﺑﯿﻨﺎ‬‫ﮐﻢ‬ ‫اﻓﺮاد‬
(‫ﻧﺒﻨﺪﯾﺪ‬ ‫ﻣﻮﺑﺎیﻞ‬ ‫ﻧﺴﺨﻪ‬ ‫در‬ ‫را‬ ‫)زوم‬ .‫ﺑﺮﻧﺪ‬‫مﯽ‬
‫ﻧﺎﺑﯿﻨﺎیﯽ‬ ،‫ﺑﯿﻨﺎیﯽ‬‫ﮐﻢ‬ ،‫ﮐﻮررﻧﮕﯽ‬ ‫ﺑﺮای‬ ‫وب‬ ‫ﮐﺎرﺑﺮی‬ ‫راﺑﻂ‬ ‫ﺑﻬﺒﻮد‬

●
(… ‫و‬ ‫ﺑﻌﺪ‬ ‫ﺻﻔﺤﻪ‬ ‫آﯾﮑﻮن‬ ،‫ﺑﺎزﮔﺸﺖ‬ ‫آﯾﮑﻮن‬ ،Submit ‫)دﮐﻤﻪ‬ ‫ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ‬ ‫ﻫﺎی‬‫آﯾﮑﻮن‬ ‫ﮔﺬاری‬‫ﻟﯿﺒﻞ‬
● android:hint=”…”
●
‫ﺻﻔﺤﻪ‬ ‫روی‬ ‫ﻧﻤﺎﯾﺸﯽ‬ ‫ﻫﺎی‬‫ﻻﯾﻪ‬ ‫در‬ Pop up ‫از‬ ‫اﺳﺘﻔﺎده‬ ‫ﻋﺪم‬
●
‫دﯾﮕﺮ‬ ‫ﻓﯿﻠﺪ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﻓﯿﻠﺪ‬ ‫ﯾﮏ‬ ‫از‬ ‫ﺧﻮدﮐﺎر‬ ‫پﺮش‬ ‫ﻋﺪم‬
●
(‫ﺗﺮﺗﯿﺐ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫و‬ ‫ﭘﺎییﻦ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻻ‬ ‫)از‬ ‫ﻫﺎ‬‫دﮐﻤﻪ‬ ‫ﻣﻨﻄﻘﯽ‬ ‫ﭼﯿﺪﻣﺎن‬
●
(48x48) ‫دﮐﻤﻪ‬ ‫ﺳﺎیﺰ‬ ‫ﺣﺪاﻗﻞ‬ ‫رﻋﺎﯾﺖ‬
●
‫ﻫﺎ‬‫دﮐﻤﻪ‬ ‫و‬ ‫ﻣﺘﻮن‬ ‫ﮐﺎﻓﯽ‬ ‫ﮐﻨﺘﺮاﺳﺖ‬
●
‫دارﻧﺪ‬ ‫ﻧﻤﺎﯾﺸﯽ‬ ‫ﺟﻨﺒﻪ‬ ‫ﻓﻘﻂ‬ ‫ﮐﻪ‬ ‫ﻫﺎیﯽ‬‫اﻟﻤﺎن‬ ‫ﺑﺮای‬ ‫زیﺮ‬ ‫تﮓ‬ ‫از‬ ‫اﺳﺘﻔﺎده‬
● android:importantForAccessibilityAttribute=”no”
‫ﻧﺎﺑﯿﻨﺎﯾﺎن‬ ‫و‬ ‫ﺑﯿﻨﺎﯾﺎن‬‫ﮐﻢ‬ ‫ﺑﺮای‬ ‫اﻧﺪروﯾﺪ‬ ‫ﮐﺎرﺑﺮی‬ ‫راﺑﻂ‬ ‫ﺑﻬﺒﻮد‬

‫ﮐﺎرﺑﺮان‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﮐﺎﻓﯽ‬ ‫اﻃﻼﻋﺎت‬ ‫دادن‬ .1
‫ﺻﻔﺤﻪ‬ ‫ﻣﻌﻨﺎدار‬ ‫ﺗﺼﺎویﺮ‬ ‫ﮐﻠﯿﻪ‬ ‫ﺑﺮای‬ ALT ‫تﮓ‬ ‫از‬ ‫اﺳﺘﻔﺎده‬
HTML ‫ﮐﺪﻫﺎی‬ ‫در‬ ARIA ‫ﻫﺎی‬‫تﮓ‬ ‫از‬ ‫اﺳﺘﻔﺎده‬
PDF ‫ﺑﺠﺎی‬ HTML ‫ﻗﺎﻟﺐ‬ ‫در‬ ‫ﻣﻄﺎﻟﺐ‬ ‫اﻧﺘﺸﺎر‬
‫ﻣﺤﺘﻮا‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫دادن‬ ‫ﻧﻈﻢ‬ .2
‫ﺷﻮد‬‫مﯽ‬ ‫دﺳﺘﺮﺳﯽ‬ ‫ﮐﺎﻫﺶ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻋﺚ‬ ‫ﻣﺤﺘﻮا‬ ‫ﺑﻮدن‬ ‫ﺑﺮﻫﻢ‬ ‫و‬ ‫درﻫﻢ‬
‫ﮐﻨﺪ‬‫مﯽ‬ ‫ﺳﺎده‬ ‫ﺷﺪت‬‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫را‬ ‫دﺳﺘﺮﺳﯽ‬ ،‫ﺻﻔﺤﻪ‬ ‫در‬ ‫درﺳﺖ‬ ‫ﺑﻨﺪی‬‫تﮓ‬
‫ﮐﻨﺪ‬‫مﯽ‬ ‫اﯾﺠﺎد‬ ‫ﻧﺎﺑﯿﻨﺎ‬ ‫ﮐﺎرﺑﺮان‬ ‫ﺑﺮای‬ ‫را‬ ‫ﻣﺸﮑﻼﺗﯽ‬ ،‫ﺻﻔﺤﻪ‬ ‫در‬ (‫تﮑﺮاری‬ ‫ﻫﺎی‬‫ﻟﯿﻨﮏ‬ ‫)ﯾﺎ‬ ‫تﮑﺮاری‬ ‫ﻣﺤﺘﻮای‬
‫ﺑﺎﺷﯿﺪ‬ ‫داﺷﺘﻪ‬ Navigation ‫ﯾﮏ‬ ‫ﻓﻘﻂ‬ .3
‫اﻧﺪازد‬‫مﯽ‬ ‫اﺷﺘﺒﺎه‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫را‬ ‫ﺧﻮان‬‫ﺻﻔﺤﻪ‬ ‫ﻫﺎی‬‫ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ‬ ،‫ﺻﻔﺤﺎت‬ ‫در‬ ‫تﮑﺮاری‬ ‫ﻣﻨﻮﻫﺎی‬
‫دارﻧﺪ‬ ‫ﭘﺎیﯿﻨﯽ‬ ‫دﺳﺘﺮﺳﯽ‬ ‫ﻣﻌﻤﻮﻻ‬ .‫ﮐﻨﯿﺪ‬ ‫ﭼﮏ‬ ‫ﮐﺪﻧﻮﯾﺴﯽ‬ ‫ﻟﺤﺎظ‬ ‫از‬ ‫را‬ ‫ﻫﻤﺒﺮﮔﺮی‬ ‫ﻣﻨﻮﻫﺎی‬
‫وب‬ ‫ﭘﺬیﺮﺳﺎزی‬‫دﺳﺘﺮﺳﯽ‬ ‫در‬ ‫اﻗﺪاﻣﺎت‬ ‫ﺗﺮیﻦ‬‫ﻣﻬﻢ‬

‫ﻣﺘﻦ‬ ‫ﻗﺎﻟﺐ‬ ‫در‬ ‫اﻃﻼﻋﺎت‬ ‫اراﺋﻪ‬ .4
‫ﻧﯿﺴﺖ‬ ‫ﭘﺬیﺮ‬‫دﺳﺘﺮس‬ ‫ﻧﺎﺑﯿﻨﺎﯾﺎن‬ ‫ﺑﺮای‬ ‫ﻧﻤﻮدار‬ ‫ﯾﺎ‬ ‫ﮔﺮاف‬ ‫ﻗﺎﻟﺐ‬ ‫در‬ ‫ﻫﺎ‬‫داده‬ ‫ﻧﻤﺎﯾﺶ‬
:‫ﺻﻔﺤﻪ‬ ‫در‬ ‫ﮐﺮدن‬ ‫زوم‬ ‫اﺟﺎزه‬ .5
‫ﺷﻮد‬‫مﯽ‬ ‫ﭘﺬیﺮی‬‫دﺳﺘﺮﺳﯽ‬ ‫رﻓﺘﻦ‬ ‫دﺳﺖ‬ ‫از‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻋﺚ‬ ،‫ﻣﻮﺑﺎیﻞ‬ ‫در‬ ‫زوم‬ ‫ﮐﺮدن‬ ‫ﻏیﺮﻓﻌﺎل‬
‫ﮐﻨﻨﺪ‬‫مﯽ‬ ‫اﺳﺘﻔﺎده‬ ‫زوم‬ ‫اﺑﺰارﻫﺎی‬ ‫از‬ ‫ﻣﻌﻤﻮﻻ‬ ‫اﺳﺖ؛‬ ‫ﺿﻌﯿﻒ‬ ‫ﭼﺸﻤﺸﺎن‬ ‫ﮐﻪ‬ ‫ﮐﺎرﺑﺮاﻧﯽ‬
‫ﺑﺒﯿﻨﯿﺪ‬ ‫ﺟﺴﺘﺠﻮﮔﺮ‬ ‫ﻣﻮﺗﻮر‬ ‫ﯾﺎ‬ ‫ﺧﻮان‬‫ﺻﻔﺤﻪ‬ ‫اﻓﺰار‬‫ﻧﺮم‬ ‫ﯾﮏ‬ ‫دﯾﺪ‬ ‫از‬ .6
‫ﺑﺒﯿﻨﯿﺪ‬ ‫ﺧﻮان‬‫ﺻﻔﺤﻪ‬ ‫اﻓﺰار‬‫ﻧﺮم‬ ‫ﯾﮏ‬ ‫دﯾﺪ‬ ‫از‬ ‫را‬ ‫آن‬ ،‫ﺧﻮدتﺎن‬ ‫ﻃﺮح‬ ‫ﺑﺎ‬ ‫ﺷﺪن‬ ‫ﻣﻮاﺟﻪ‬ ‫ﻫﻨﮕﺎم‬ ‫ﮐﻪ‬ ‫ﺑﮕیﺮﯾﺪ‬ ‫ﯾﺎد‬ ‫ﺑﺎﯾﺪ‬ ‫ﺷﻤﺎ‬
‫ﻫﺴﺘﯿﺪ‬ (‫)ﺳﻮﮔیﺮی‬ Bois ‫ﯾﮏ‬ ‫دارای‬ ‫ﮐﺎرﺑﺮی‬ ‫راﺑﻂ‬ ‫روی‬ ‫ﻣﻌﻤﻮﻻ‬ ‫ﺷﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﭼﻮن‬
‫ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬ ‫داﺷﺘﻪ‬ ‫ﺧﺎص‬ ‫ﻫﺪف‬ ‫ﯾﮏ‬ ،‫ﺻﻔﺤﻪ‬ ‫ﻫﺮ‬ .7
(‫ﺳﺎﯾتتﺎن‬ ‫ﯾﺎ‬ ‫ﻣﺤﺼﻮل‬ ‫از‬ ‫ﺑﺨﺶ‬ ‫ﻫﺮ‬ ‫ﺑﺮای‬ ‫)ﯾﺎ‬ ‫ﺑﮕیﺮﯾﺪ‬ ‫ﻧﻈﺮ‬ ‫در‬ ‫ﻣﺤﺼﻮل‬ ‫از‬ ‫ﺑﺨﺶ‬ ‫ﻫﺮ‬ ‫در‬ ‫ﮐﺎرﺑﺮ‬ ‫ﺑﺮای‬ ‫واﺿﺤﯽ‬ ‫و‬ ‫روﺷﻦ‬ ‫اﻫﺪاف‬
‫وب‬ ‫ﻣﺤﺘﻮای‬ ‫ﭘﺬیﺮﺳﺎزی‬‫دﺳﺘﺮس‬ ‫در‬ ‫اﻗﺪاﻣﺎت‬ ‫ﺗﺮیﻦ‬‫ﻣﻬﻢ‬

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