Artificial Propogation Info

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1. The Plants Committee is analyzing the relationship between in situ conservation and ex situ production of plants as directed by the Conference of the Parties. 2. There are differing views on the impacts of artificial plant propagation - some argue it reduces incentives for conservation while others argue it may reduce pressure on wild stocks. 3. Parties and organizations are invited to provide information on the impacts of artificial propagation on in situ conservation, both positive and negative.

PC13 Doc. 19 – p. 3
PC13 Doc. 19
Annex
DRAFT
NOTIFICATION TO THE PARTIES
CONCERNING:
The relationship between ex situ production and in situ conservation of plants
1. In Decision 12.11 paragraph l) the Plants Committee is directed to analyse the
relationship between in situ conservation and ex situ production of plants in the
period between the 12th and the 13th meetings of the Conference of the Parties.

2. As communicated in Notification to the Parties No. 2001/091 of 19 December
2001, a range of critical views and different perspectives appear to exist on this
issue.

3. Some have argued that the artificial propagation of plants provides
disincentives for conservation by de-linking the production from wild habitats and
wild populations, and thus reducing opportunities for the sale of wild specimens
to generate economic incentives for conservation. Indeed many ex situ
production systems are situated outside range States.

4. The exemptions provided for in Article VII, paragraphs 4 and 5, of the
Convention make it easier to trade in artificially propagated specimens than in
specimens harvested from the wild: specimens of Appendix-I species that are
artificially propagated for commercial purposes are deemed to be specimens of
species included in Appendix II; and specimens of Appendix-I species produced
for non-commercial purposes and specimens of Appendix-II and Appendix-III
species produced through artificial propagation may be traded
under an artificial propagation certificate, rather than the export and import
permits normally required under the provisions of Articles III, IV and V. This has
raised questions about the conservation impacts of such production.

5. In contrast, others argue that by producing specimens through artificial
propagation, the pressure on the wild stocks may be reduced, and that this may
be particularly important to the conservation of species for which the demand is
higher than what can be sustainably harvested and traded, and where demand
cannot be reduced or be met through the use of alternatives.

6. Parties and organizations are invited to provide any information and comments
on the relationship between ex situ artificial propagation operations and in situ
conservation programs for plants, particularly in relation to:

a) evidence that artificial propagation has positive conservation impacts such as
reducing off-take from the wild and can help wild populations grow;

b) examples of artificial propagation operations that support in situ conservation
of the species they propagate or are involved in benefit-sharing to promote
species conservation;

c) evidence that wild-collected specimens may be illegally traded as artificially
propagated specimens, and suggestions or examples on how such problems
might be prevented or addressed;

d) evidence that ex situ production for commercial trade may result in a shift in
production and trade from range States to non-range States, giving consideration
to the related questions of ownership of genetic resources (i.e. the extent to
which the countries of origin should benefit from trade in CITES listed
species) and to whether CITES can contribute to addressing this issue in the
forum of the Convention on Biological Diversity;

e) evidence that artificial propagation may have negative conservation impacts,
such as reducing incentives for local conservation, possible introduction of
diseases, hybridization between artificially propagated and wild stock; and
introduction of alien invasive species, and examples of policies and
management measures to contain these possible negative impacts;
PC13 Doc. 19 – p. 4

f) measures in place to encourage artificial propagation operations to contribute
to the conservation of the species in the wild.

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Artificial Propogation Info

1. PC13 Doc. 19 – p. 3 PC13 Doc. 19 Annex DRAFT NOTIFICATION TO THE PARTIES CONCERNING: The relationship between ex situ production and in situ conservation of plants 1. In Decision 12.11 paragraph l) the Plants Committee is directed to analyse the relationship between in situ conservation and ex situ production of plants in the period between the 12th and the 13th meetings of the Conference of the Parties. 2. As communicated in Notification to the Parties No. 2001/091 of 19 December 2001, a range of critical views and different perspectives appear to exist on this issue. 3. Some have argued that the artificial propagation of plants provides disincentives for conservation by de-linking the production from wild habitats and wild populations, and thus reducing opportunities for the sale of wild specimens to generate economic incentives for conservation. Indeed many ex situ production systems are situated outside range States. 4. The exemptions provided for in Article VII, paragraphs 4 and 5, of the Convention make it easier to trade in artificially propagated specimens than in specimens harvested from the wild: specimens of Appendix-I species that are artificially propagated for commercial purposes are deemed to be specimens of species included in Appendix II; and specimens of Appendix-I species produced for non-commercial purposes and specimens of Appendix-II and Appendix-III species produced through artificial propagation may be traded under an artificial propagation certificate, rather than the export and import permits normally required under the provisions of Articles III, IV and V. This has raised questions about the conservation impacts of such production. 5. In contrast, others argue that by producing specimens through artificial propagation, the pressure on the wild stocks may be reduced, and that this may be particularly important to the conservation of species for which the demand is higher than what can be sustainably harvested and traded, and where demand cannot be reduced or be met through the use of alternatives. 6. Parties and organizations are invited to provide any information and comments on the relationship between ex situ artificial propagation operations and in situ conservation programs for plants, particularly in relation to: a) evidence that artificial propagation has positive conservation impacts such as reducing off-take from the wild and can help wild populations grow;

2. b) examples of artificial propagation operations that support in situ conservation of the species they propagate or are involved in benefit-sharing to promote species conservation; c) evidence that wild-collected specimens may be illegally traded as artificially propagated specimens, and suggestions or examples on how such problems might be prevented or addressed; d) evidence that ex situ production for commercial trade may result in a shift in production and trade from range States to non-range States, giving consideration to the related questions of ownership of genetic resources (i.e. the extent to which the countries of origin should benefit from trade in CITES listed species) and to whether CITES can contribute to addressing this issue in the forum of the Convention on Biological Diversity; e) evidence that artificial propagation may have negative conservation impacts, such as reducing incentives for local conservation, possible introduction of diseases, hybridization between artificially propagated and wild stock; and introduction of alien invasive species, and examples of policies and management measures to contain these possible negative impacts; PC13 Doc. 19 – p. 4 f) measures in place to encourage artificial propagation operations to contribute to the conservation of the species in the wild.

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