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OVERVIE
W
? INTRODUCTION
?DEFINETION
?STRUCTURE AND BASIC WORKING
?BIOCHIP IMPLANT
?APPLICATION
?ADVANTAGES
?CONCLUSION
?FUTURE

INTRODUCTION :-

? Collection of miniaturized test sites(microarrays)
arranged on a solid substrate.
? Permits many tests to be performed at the same time.
? Surface area is no longer than a fingernail.
? Perform thousands of biological reactions in a few
seconds.
? Used to analyze organic molecules associated with
living organisms.
? Help in identifying gene sequences, environmental
pollutants, airborne toxins, or other biochemical
constituents.

DEFINETION :-

? Collection of micro array arranged on a solid substrate.
? Can perform millions of mathematical operations.
? Can also perform thousands of biological operations.
? Increase speed of identification of genes.

Fig : Biochips

COMPONENTS :-
Biochip implant system consist of two component...

? Transponder

? Reader or scanner

TRANSPONDER :-

? It is the Actual Biochip Implant.
? Two Types of Transponder- Passive & Active.
? Using a Passive Transponder.
? Biochip & Reader Communicate Via low Frequency Radio Waves.
? Transponder Consist of Four Parts :-
1. Computer Microchip
2. Antenna Coil
3. Tuning Capacitor
4. Glass Capsule

Fig : Perspective of Actual Size

? Computer Microchip :-
The microchip stores a unique identification number
from 10 to 15 digits long.
? Antenna Coil :-
This tiny, primitive, radio antenna �� receives & sends ��
signal from the reader or scanner.
? Tuning Capacitor :-
This capacitor is charged by the small signal sent by the
reader.
? Glass Capsule :-
��Houses�� the microchip, antenna coil, capacitor. It is
made of biocompatible material such as soda lime glass.

READER OR SCANNER :-

? Consist of an ��exciter�� coil which creates electromagnetic
signal.
? Provide energy to ��activate�� the implanted biochip.
? Also carries a receiving coil to receive ID number.
? Contain the software and components to decode the receive
code & display the result in an LCD display.
?All done in millisecond.

WORKING:-

? Reader transmits a Low-power radio signal and activate
the implanted biochip.

? ID Number is transmitted by the transponder and received
by the reader.

? Reader display the ID number on the reader��s LCD
display

BIOCHIP IMPLANT :-

? Injected by a hypodermic syringe beneath the skin.
? Injection is safe and simple.
? Anesthesia is not required.
? Usually injected behind the neck.

APPLICATION :-

? With a biochip , tracing of a person/animal anywhere in
the world.
?A biochip can store and update financial, medical and
demographic data, basically everything about a person.
? Biochip leads to a secured E-commerce system.
?Biochip really have potential in replacing
passport, ATM, medical records etc.
?Medicinal implementation of biochips- as glucose
detector, as oxygen sensor, as a blood pressure sensor etc.

ADVANTAGES :-

? Small in size.
? Faster & powerful.
? Perform thousand of biological reactions in a few seconds.
? Increase speed of diagnosis of unknown pathogens.
? Ability to detect multiple viral agent in parallel.
? Ease of use.

FUTURE :-

? A chip implanted some where in human body might
serve as a combination of
1. Credit card
2. Driving license
3. Passport
4. Personal identification etc.
? No longer would it be needed to worry about losing all
above thing.
? Can also widely established in veterinary field.

CONCLUSION:-
Biochips are :-
? Fast
? Accurate
? Miniaturized
? Advantages upon conventional Analyzer
? Expected to become economically advantageous attributes
that make them analogous to computer chip.

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Biochips seminar

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