The document discusses branding and positioning strategies. It defines points-of-difference and points-of-parity as unique attributes or shared associations that consumers have with a brand. Four differentiation strategies are also presented: product, channel, personnel, and image. Brand positioning is illustrated through a hand gesture analogy where the thumb represents points-of-difference and the fingers represent points-of-parity and shared market direction. Choosing the right strategy is likened to a thumbs up for increased sales and market share.
2. Defining Associations
Points-of-difference Points-of-parity
(PODs) (POPs)
Attributes or benefits Associations that are
consumers strongly not necessarily unique
associate with a to the brand but may
brand, positively be shared with other
evaluate, and believe brands
they could not find to
the same extent with a
competitive brand
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4. Brand Positioning for dummies
Brand Positioning can be
represented by a gesture of our
hand
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5. Brand Positioning for dummies
Our palm represents the market..
The thumb is Our four
pointing away fingers are all
from the others pointing
We call this upwards
Points-of- sharing one
difference direction.
(PODs) We can call
this Points-of-
parity
(POPs)
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6. Brand Positioning for dummies
In order to position our brand
in the market, we need to grasp or
ppic any of the four strategy
Four
knuckles
represent
the four
strategies
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7. Brand Positioning for dummies
Surprisingly, our thumb also point
the result of our choices!
Thumbs Up if
we do it right!
A positive
sign = good Thumbs Down if we
sales and do it wrong! A
increase negative sign = bad
market sales and decrease
share market share
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