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Camera Modes and Functions
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Automatic Modes
Auto Mode
Portrait Mode
Landscape
Macro
Sports
Night Portrait
No Flash

Auto Mode
The camera decides on the Shutter Speed, ISO , Aperture and Flash
It will do so based on the external light conditions
No Control on Camera Settings
Good for people who have recently purchased one
Gives good results in daylight and evenly lit situations
AVOID SHOOTING AUTO !! if you want to grow as a Photographer

Portrait Mode
Used for Portraits i.e. Shooting People
Camera Automatically selects Wide aperture or
smaller F-stop number
Small F-Stop number means Shallow/Narrow Depth of Field
Shallow Depth of Field ensures that the Background
is Out of Focus
The Subjects Stands out in the frame
Pleasing effect for Portraits.

Shallow DoF in Portrait Mode
Shallow DoF Large DoF

Landscape Mode
Used for shooting Landscapes
Almost opposite of Portrait Mode
Camera Automatically selects Smaller aperture or
Large F-stop number
Large F-Stop number means higher Depth of Field
Higher depth of field ensures that everything in the frame
is in focus.
Good for shooting Wide landscapes.

Large DoF in Landscape Mode Eg. 1

Macro Mode
Good for Close ups
Lets you get very close to the subject
Good for Shooting Insects, Flowers and small objects.
Camera automatically selects a very small F-number or a
wide Aperture
Wide Aperture means Shallow/Narrow Depth of Field
One has to be very steady when using this mode.
Using a Tripod/Camera Stand can be handy here.

Sports Mode
Used for shooting fast moving objects or people
Can be used for Shooting Sports, Pets, Cars and Wildlife
Anything that moves Fast or Erratically
Camera will try to freeze the subject
Uses the fastest Shutter speed available at the time.
Works best in Good lighting conditions.

Fast Shutter Speed Eg.1
1/500 Sec

Night Portrait/Night
Mode
Used for Shooting in Nights in low light condition
E.g. Parties, Homes, Weddings etc.
Camera will use a slower shutter speed, wide aperture
and high ISO
Images can be a bit blurry if camera is not held properly.
Camera may also use flash if light is very poor

No Flash
Normally used in Evenings or Night.
Camera will not use Flash in this mode
Used in Museums or while shooting landscapes at night.
Also used to capture sporting events in low light
E.g. Indoor sports like Badminton, Martial Arts,
sports played at night.
Camera uses a wide aperture and depending on light condition
a corresponding Shutter Speed and ISO

Examples of No Flash
Shutter Speed: 13 Seconds

Some Other Modes
Panorama Mode- Used for making Panoramas
or really wide angle scenes.
Snow mode- Used when shooting in areas with Snow.
Fireworks Mode- Very hand when shooting fireworks
especially Rockets bursting in Sky.
Beach Mode: Used for scenes with very bright and harsh light
Kids/Pets Mode: Essentially almost same as Sports mode

Semi Automatic Modes
Aperture Priority Mode (A or Av)
Shutter Priority Mode (S or Tv)

Aperture Priority Mode (Av or A)
We select the desired F-Stop or Aperture
value
Camera will control the Shutter Speed
We control ISO , White Balance and flash
with this mode
Normally used when Depth of Field (DoF)
is the main area of Interest.
Requires Practice to get it right.
Can be used very creatively while composing
Images

Small F- Number for Shallower DoF

Shutter Priority Mode (S or Tv)
We select the desired Shutter Speed
Camera will select the Corresponding F-Stop
We control ISO , White Balance and flash
Creative Part of Image Making
Requires Practice to get it right.
Normally used when one requires a higher shutter speed
for shooting fast moving objects.(e.g. Sports)
Also used when the requirement in
slower shutter speeds (e.g. Shooting Waterfalls)

Slower Shutter Speed
Shutter Speed: 1/8 Sec

Creative use of Shutter speed to Show Motion: See Wings

Creative use of Shutter speed to Show Motion: See Wings
Shutter Speed:1/250 Sec

M Mode or the Fully Manual Mode
The user has full control on the camera settings
Shutter Speed, Aperture, ISO and white balance
is selected by the user
Creative part of Image making
Requires good practice and understanding of light to use
and Master.

Examples of Manual Mode
Shutter Speed :3 Minutes
Torch light used to paint foreground

Eg. 2
Shutter Speed: 2Mins 50 Seconds

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