Central dogma of molecular biology
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Presentation through schematic diagram on the theme of Central Dogma of Molecular Biology. The flow of information and animation is also given for better understanding.
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The central dogma explains the flow of genetic information from DNA to RNA to protein. DNA is transcribed into RNA, which is then translated into proteins. Transcription converts the DNA instructions into RNA messages in the cell nucleus. Translation transports these RNA messages from the nucleus to ribosomes in the cytoplasm to produce specific proteins according to the DNA instructions. The central dogma outlines the primary path of genetic information from DNA to RNA to protein.Transcription
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1. DNA replication is the process where parental DNA is used as a template to produce identical copies of DNA or daughter DNA. It ensures faithful transmission of genetic material to offspring.
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DEFINATION
CENTRALDOGMA
TRANSCRIPTION
TRANSCRIPTION IN PROKARYOTES
INITIATION
ELONGIATION
TERMINATION
TRANSLATION
TRANSLATION IN PROKARYOTES
ACTIVATION OF AMINOACID
INITIATION OF POLYPEPTIDE SYNTHESIS
ELONGIATION
TERMINATION
CONCLUSION
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INTRODUCTION
DEFINATION
CENTRALDOGMA
TRANSCRIPTION
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INITIATION
ELONGIATION
TERMINATION
TRANSLATION
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ELONGIATION
TERMINATION
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Messenger RNA carries genetic code from DNA and is translated by the ribosome into proteins. This involves transfer RNA molecules that associate amino acids with their codons. Translation begins with initiation factors recruiting the small ribosomal subunit to the start codon. Elongation then occurs through peptide bond formation catalyzed by the ribosome and translocation of transfer RNAs. Termination occurs when a stop codon is reached. Translation is highly conserved and essential for protein synthesis in all organisms.The central dogma
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Protein synthesis involves two main processes - transcription and translation. In transcription, DNA is read by RNA polymerase to produce mRNA. Transcription includes initiation, elongation, and termination. In translation, ribosomes in the cytoplasm use mRNA to synthesize a polypeptide chain according to the genetic code. Translation occurs through activation, initiation, elongation, and termination. Together, transcription and translation allow the information encoded in genes to be used to direct the synthesis of proteins.organization of DNA in chromosomes.
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The document outlines the three major stages of transcription and translation: 1) replication, where DNA is copied during cell division; 2) transcription, where part of a DNA strand is copied into mRNA; and 3) translation, where the mRNA is used by the ribosome to produce a polypeptide based on the mRNA codons. During translation, tRNAs bring amino acids to the ribosome which link them together based on the mRNA codons to form a protein.Gene and protein, protein synthesis
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INTRODUCTION
DEFINATION
CENTRALDOGMA
TRANSCRIPTION
TRANSCRIPTION IN PROKARYOTES
INITIATION
ELONGIATION
TERMINATION
TRANSLATION
TRANSLATION IN PROKARYOTES
ACTIVATION OF AMINOACID
INITIATION OF POLYPEPTIDE SYNTHESIS
ELONGIATION
TERMINATION
CONCLUSION
REFERANCE
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DEFINATION
CENTRALDOGMA
TRANSCRIPTION
TRANSCRIPTION IN PROKARYOTES
INITIATION
ELONGIATION
TERMINATION
TRANSLATION
TRANSLATION IN PROKARYOTES
ACTIVATION OF AMINOACID
INITIATION OF POLYPEPTIDE SYNTHESIS
ELONGIATION
TERMINATION
CONCLUSION
REFERANCE
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Messenger RNA carries genetic code from DNA and is translated by the ribosome into proteins. This involves transfer RNA molecules that associate amino acids with their codons. Translation begins with initiation factors recruiting the small ribosomal subunit to the start codon. Elongation then occurs through peptide bond formation catalyzed by the ribosome and translocation of transfer RNAs. Termination occurs when a stop codon is reached. Translation is highly conserved and essential for protein synthesis in all organisms.The central dogma
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The Central Dogma of Biology describes the process of protein synthesis from DNA to RNA to protein. DNA is transcribed into messenger RNA (mRNA) in the cell nucleus. The mRNA then exits the nucleus and the process of translation occurs in the cytoplasm. During translation, ribosomes use the mRNA to assemble amino acids into a protein chain based on the mRNA codon sequence. Transfer RNA (tRNA) molecules match their anticodons to the mRNA codons and add the corresponding amino acids to the growing protein chain. Eventually a whole protein is produced based on the DNA code provided in the gene.Protein Synthesis
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Protein synthesis involves two main processes - transcription and translation. In transcription, DNA is read by RNA polymerase to produce mRNA. Transcription includes initiation, elongation, and termination. In translation, ribosomes in the cytoplasm use mRNA to synthesize a polypeptide chain according to the genetic code. Translation occurs through activation, initiation, elongation, and termination. Together, transcription and translation allow the information encoded in genes to be used to direct the synthesis of proteins.organization of DNA in chromosomes.
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1. DNA replication is semi-conservative, where each parent strand serves as a template for a new complementary strand, resulting in two new double helices that are each half original and half new DNA.
2. Replication occurs through the unwinding of the DNA double helix by helicase, with the parent strands acting as templates for DNA polymerase to add complementary nucleotides to each new strand.
3. The lagging strand is synthesized discontinuously in short segments called Okazaki fragments that are later joined together, while the leading strand is synthesized continuously in the 5 to 3 direction as the replication fork progresses.Central Dogma of Molecular Biology
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油
The central dogma of molecular biology describes the flow of genetic information from DNA to RNA to protein. DNA contains the genetic code in nucleotide base pairs. During transcription, a complementary mRNA copy of a DNA sequence is generated. The mRNA is then modified before undergoing translation, where ribosomes read the mRNA codons to assemble amino acids into proteins according to the genetic code. This process allows genetic information stored in DNA to be converted into functional proteins.Prokaryotic and eukaryotic dna replication with their clinical applications
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Proposed models of replication,
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DNA replication occurs through initiation, elongation, and termination steps. Initiation begins at the origin of replication where enzymes separate the DNA strands. Elongation builds the new strands through leading and lagging strand synthesis. The leading strand adds nucleotides continuously towards the unwinding while the lagging strand adds fragments called Okazaki fragments. Termination occurs when termination proteins bind to termination sites and stop the polymerase.Dna replication part ii
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Shell highlights that organizations with gender-diverse executive teams are 25% more likely to experience above-average profitability, positioning diversity as a business necessity rather than just a moral imperative. She notes that the pandemic disproportionately affected women of color, with one in three women considering leaving or downshifting their careers.
To combat inequality, Shell recommends implementing flexible work policies, establishing clear metrics for diversity in leadership, creating structured virtual collaboration spaces, and developing comprehensive wellness programs. For healthcare providers specifically, she advocates for multilingual communication systems, mobile health units, telehealth services with alternatives for those lacking internet access, and cultural competency training.
Shell emphasizes the importance of mental health support through culturally appropriate resources, employee assistance programs, and regular check-ins. She calls for diverse leadership teams that reflect the communities they serve and community-centered care models that address social determinants of health.
In her words: "The COVID-19 pandemic didn't create healthcare inequalities it illuminated them." She urges building systems that reach every community and provide dignified care to all.Neurologic Manifestations of Infective Endocarditis.pptx
Neurologic Manifestations of Infective Endocarditis.pptxdribnibrahem164
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neurological complications of infective endocarditisSyncope in dentistry.pptx
Syncope in dentistry.pptxDr Kingshika Joylin
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This presentation provides an overview of syncope, a common medical emergency in dental practice. Created during my internship, this presentation aims to educate dental students on the causes, symptoms, diagnosis and management of syncope with a focus on dental specific considerations.
Increased Clinical Trial Complexity | Dr. Ulana Rey | MindLumina
Increased Clinical Trial Complexity | Dr. Ulana Rey | MindLuminaUlana Rey PharmD
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Increased Clinical Trial Complexity. By Ulana Rey PharmD for MindLumina. Dr. Ulana Rey discusses how clinical trial complexityendpoints, procedures, eligibility criteria, countrieshas increased over a 20-year period.Introduction-to-the-PuroKalusugan-InitiativeCHD12.pptx
Introduction-to-the-PuroKalusugan-InitiativeCHD12.pptxhepopolomolok2023
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An introduction to the PuroKalusugan Initiative
Modern Practice Principles in Lung CancerFirst Find the Targets, Then Treat ...
Modern Practice Principles in Lung CancerFirst Find the Targets, Then Treat ...PVI, PeerView Institute for Medical Education
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Central dogma of molecular biology
- 1. The Central Dogma of Molecular Biology By Engr. Ijaz-Ul-Haq
- 2. The Flow of Information A gene is expressed in two ways DNA is transcribed into RNA Then RNA is translated into protein
- 3. Theme of Central Dogma Replication Transcription Translation DNA RNA Protein
- 4. DNA Polymerase Replication DNA to DNA RNA Polymerase Transcription DNA to RNA Ribosome Translation RNA to Protein DNA RNA Protein
- 5. Transcription Translation DNA RNA Protein Replication Reverse Transcription
- 6. Description DNA Stored information inside nucleus Copied to make new cell = REPLICATION RNA Copied from a piece of DNA (GENE) to make a single protein = TRANSCRIPTION Moves information from nucleus to cytoplasm Protein Information from a single RNA used to make a single protein = TRANSLATION