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Clinical Bacteriology 1 22 pdf.pdf

Hawre Najmaddin
Hawre Najmaddin

Clinical bacteriology involves the diagnosis and treatment of infectious diseases through microbiological techniques. It determines the causative agents of infections, and tests the effectiveness of antibiotics against isolated bacteria. Bacteria are unicellular prokaryotes that can rapidly grow and inhabit many environments. In clinical bacteriology, physicians want to know if a specimen contains pathogens, what type, and their antibiotic susceptibility. Appropriate specimens are collected and tested through staining, culturing, and antibiotic susceptibility testing to identify pathogens and determine the most effective treatments. The final report is used by physicians to interpret and treat patients.

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Clinical Bacteriology 1st Lecture Assistant Professor Dr. Sanaria Fawzi An Introduction to Clinical Bacteriology Bacteriology: is a science that deals with the study of bacteria, including structure, morphology, genetics, classification and identification of bacterial species. Clinical Bacteriology: is a branch of clinical microbiology, which is a medical science that concerned with the diagnosis and treatment of infectious diseases by adaptation of microbiological techniques . So, this field of science is concerned about : Determining the etiological agent of infectious diseases. Testing the ability of various antibiotics to inhibit or kill the isolated bacteria.
Bacteria: are prokaryotic, unicellular, free living organisms. Having both DNA & RNA with a complex cell wall structure and capable of performing all essential processes of life e.g. growth, metabolism & reproduction. The small size, simple design, and broad metabolic capabilities of bacteria allow them to grow and divide very rapidly and to inhabit and flourish in almost any environment.
The role of clinical bacteriology Clinical bacteriology begins when the patient presents symptoms of infection to the physician. An initial diagnosis is made, and the physician then orders diagnostic medical and laboratory procedures. Q: What does the physician wants to know? Does the specimen contain pathogens? What type of pathogens? What are the antimicrobial susceptibility profiles of the pathogens in the specimen?
Hence, In the lab., the appropriate specimens are collected, labeled, and the lab workers perform a direct stain, a culture, and an antibiotic susceptibility test (typical tests that may involve the clinical bacteriology lab). Biochemical, serological, molecular, and automated procedures are performed as needed. The final report of the identification and antibiotic susceptibility test is sent to the physician. The physician interprets the report and treat the patient appropriately. Note: Diagnosis and effective treatment of infection depends not just on isolating an organism, but in establishing link between the laboratory findings, recognized syndrome, and the patient's clinical condition.
Clinical Bacteriology 1 22 pdf.pdf
The common practice in clinical bacteriology is to identify significant organisms from cultures. Significance is determined in part by the quantitation of an organism relative to other organisms present, the pathogenicity of isolates, and the site from which the specimen was obtained. When the organisms present are known to be part of the expected flora from a particular body site, the result reported is often routine (site) flora. For example, coagulase-negative staphylococci are normal inhabitants of the skin, gastrointestinal tract, vagina, urethra, and the upper respiratory tract. Therefore, their isolation from superficial ulcers, wounds, and sputum cannot usually be interpreted as clinically significant.

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Clinical Bacteriology 1 22 pdf.pdf

  • 1. Clinical Bacteriology 1st Lecture Assistant Professor Dr. Sanaria Fawzi An Introduction to Clinical Bacteriology Bacteriology: is a science that deals with the study of bacteria, including structure, morphology, genetics, classification and identification of bacterial species. Clinical Bacteriology: is a branch of clinical microbiology, which is a medical science that concerned with the diagnosis and treatment of infectious diseases by adaptation of microbiological techniques . So, this field of science is concerned about : Determining the etiological agent of infectious diseases. Testing the ability of various antibiotics to inhibit or kill the isolated bacteria.
  • 2. Bacteria: are prokaryotic, unicellular, free living organisms. Having both DNA & RNA with a complex cell wall structure and capable of performing all essential processes of life e.g. growth, metabolism & reproduction. The small size, simple design, and broad metabolic capabilities of bacteria allow them to grow and divide very rapidly and to inhabit and flourish in almost any environment.
  • 3. The role of clinical bacteriology Clinical bacteriology begins when the patient presents symptoms of infection to the physician. An initial diagnosis is made, and the physician then orders diagnostic medical and laboratory procedures. Q: What does the physician wants to know? Does the specimen contain pathogens? What type of pathogens? What are the antimicrobial susceptibility profiles of the pathogens in the specimen?
  • 4. Hence, In the lab., the appropriate specimens are collected, labeled, and the lab workers perform a direct stain, a culture, and an antibiotic susceptibility test (typical tests that may involve the clinical bacteriology lab). Biochemical, serological, molecular, and automated procedures are performed as needed. The final report of the identification and antibiotic susceptibility test is sent to the physician. The physician interprets the report and treat the patient appropriately. Note: Diagnosis and effective treatment of infection depends not just on isolating an organism, but in establishing link between the laboratory findings, recognized syndrome, and the patient's clinical condition.
  • 6. The common practice in clinical bacteriology is to identify significant organisms from cultures. Significance is determined in part by the quantitation of an organism relative to other organisms present, the pathogenicity of isolates, and the site from which the specimen was obtained. When the organisms present are known to be part of the expected flora from a particular body site, the result reported is often routine (site) flora. For example, coagulase-negative staphylococci are normal inhabitants of the skin, gastrointestinal tract, vagina, urethra, and the upper respiratory tract. Therefore, their isolation from superficial ulcers, wounds, and sputum cannot usually be interpreted as clinically significant.