A figure illustrating what meta-analytic research suggests about the factors running across all therapies that account for change in psychotherapy. From On Becoming a Better Therapist, 2nd Edition by Barry Duncan published by APA (2014).
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Common Factors
1. Client/Life Factors (86%) (includes unexplained and error variance)
Treatment Effects
14%
Feedback Effects
21-42%
Alliance Effects
36-50%
Model/Technique:
Specific Effects
(Model Differences)
7%
Model/Technique:
General Effects (Rationale &
Ritual), Client Expectancy
(Placebo), & Therapist
Allegiance
28-?%
Therapist Effects
36-57%
Duncan, B. (2014). On Becoming a Better Therapist, 2nd ed. Washington, DC: APA