Defining and assessing test reliability and validity
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Reliability refers to the consistency of a test in measuring the intended construct. A test-retest method is used to determine reliability by administering the same test twice to students and computing a rank correlation coefficient, such as the Spearman Rho, based on comparing the rank orders of student scores between the two test administrations. The example shows student scores from an initial (FA) and subsequent (SA) administration of a test, with their ranks and the differences between ranks used to calculate the standard deviation.
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WhatsApp: 03364646739Sd,t test
Sd,t testkeerthi samuel
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Standard deviation (SD) is a measure of variability or dispersion of data from the mean. It is calculated as the square root of the average of the squared deviations from the mean. The t-test is used to determine if there is a statistically significant difference between the means of two groups, and requires calculation of the standard error of the difference between the means. There are different procedures for the t-test depending on whether the samples are independent or correlated, large or small. The null hypothesis of no difference between means is tested against the alternative hypothesis at a chosen significance level.Practical Language Testing by Fulcher (2010)
Practical Language Testing by Fulcher (2010)Mahsa Farahanynia
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This document discusses key concepts in language testing and standardized tests. It covers two testing paradigms: norm-referenced testing which compares test takers to a group, and criterion-referenced testing which evaluates if a criterion is met. The document also defines standardized tests, explores why testing is viewed as a science, and examines concepts like central tendency, dispersion, reliability, and ways to calculate reliability such as using correlations and item analysis.Measures of variability to grading and reporting
Measures of variability to grading and reportingApril Gealene Alera
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The document discusses various measures of variability and statistical analysis that can be used to analyze data, including range, standard deviation, z-scores, quartile deviation, and correlation. It also provides examples of how to calculate these measures, such as calculating the range by subtracting the lowest score from the highest, and how to interpret the results, like higher standard deviation indicating more variation in the data. The document also covers topics like grades, grading systems, and guidelines for effective grading.Nature of Interpretation: Norm referenced, Criterion referenced
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The document discusses criterion-referenced assessment and norm-referenced assessment. Criterion-referenced assessment measures student learning against a predetermined standard or level of achievement, regardless of other students' performance. Norm-referenced assessment compares a student's performance to others in the same testing group. It is used to rank students but does not indicate if they achieved a set standard. The document outlines the key differences between the two types of assessment and their respective purposes.Reliability
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Reliability is a key concept in testing and assessment. It refers to the consistency or stability of test scores - whether a test would produce similar results if administered multiple times to the same group. There are two main types of reliability - test-retest reliability, which administers the same test to a group at different times, and parallel forms reliability, which uses two equivalent but different versions of a test. Reliability is calculated using correlation coefficients, with higher positive coefficients indicating greater reliability. A test with a correlation of 0.7 or higher between initial and later administrations would be considered sufficiently reliable to use for assessment purposes. Ensuring reliability requires evaluating questions through pilot tests and recalibrating any unreliable questions through revision and
Dr. Ansari Khurshid Ahmed - Some Special Cases of Correlation and uses of Cor...
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Defining and assessing test reliability and validity
- 2. RELIABILITY refers to the consistency of a test in measuring whatever it measures. It is the degree to which a test will yield similar or comparable results for the same students when administered at different times. This is usually measured through the computation of a reliability coefficient.
- 3. TEST RETEST METHOD Test reliability is determined from the repetition of the same test. Thus, a test is administered twice. Scores obtained by the students in both test administration are rank ordered and a rank correlation coefficient is obtained with the use of Spearman Rho.
- 4. STUDENT SCORES FA SCORES - SA 1 33 29 2 28 26 3 44 42 4 36 30 5 26 28 6 35 35 7 42 39 8 40 41 9 20 20 10 28 28
- 5. Ss-FA X Ss-SA Y RANK X RANK Y D D 33 29 6 7 1 1 28 26 7.5 10 -2.5 6.25 44 42 1 1 0 0 36 30 4 6 -2 4 26 28 9 8.5 0.5 0.25 35 35 5 5 0 0 42 39 2 4 -2 4 20 40 10 3 7 49 28 28 7.5 8.5 -1 1 SD2 = 62.5