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Developmental Comparison

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eiramespi07

This document compares normal childhood developmental milestones to developmental milestones that may indicate a disability across five domains: language, cognitive, social/emotional, motor skills, and references. Key differences noted include delays in speaking first words, understanding simple instructions, engaging in pretend play, sitting steadily, walking, and difficulty performing tasks involving fine motor skills like holding a spoon compared to other children the same age. The document provides examples of behaviors at different ages that may help identify potential developmental disabilities requiring further evaluation.

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DEVELOPMENTAL COMPARISON Normal With Disability LANGUAGE Responds to simple spoken requests Uses simple gestures, like shaking head ¡°no¡± or waving ¡°bye-bye¡± Makes sounds with changes in tone (sounds more like speech) Says ¡°mama¡± and ¡°dada¡± and exclamations like ¡°uh-oh!¡± Tries to say words you say Doesn¡¯t say single words like ¡°mama¡± or ¡°dada¡± by 8 months Does not speak at least 15 words by 18 months Does not use unique two-word phrases by age 2 (more milk, big dog, mommy help) Persistent drooling or very unclear speech Inability to communicate in short phrases COGNITIVE Explores things in different ways, like shaking, banging, throwing Finds hidden things easily Looks at the right picture or thing when it¡¯s named Copies gestures Starts to use things correctly; for example, drinks from a cup, brushes hair Bangs two things together Puts things in a container, takes things out of a container Lets things go without help Pokes with index (pointer) finger Follows simple directions like ¡°pick up the toy¡± Doesn¡¯t search for things that she sees you hide Doesn¡¯t learn gestures like waving or shaking head Doesn¡¯t point to things Does not follow simple one-step instructions by 24 mos. No involvement in pretend play Failure to understand simple instructions Doesn't engage in fantasy play Cannot understand prepositions ("put the cup on the table"; "get the ball under the couch") Cannot give his first and last name Does not use plurals or past tense SOCIAL AND EMOTIONAL Is shy or nervous with strangers Cries when mom or dad leaves Has favorite things and people Shows fear in some situations Hands you a book when he wants to hear a story Repeats sounds or actions to get attention Puts out arm or leg to help with dressing Plays games such as ¡°peek-a-boo¡± and ¡°pat-a- cake¡± Doesn¡¯t react to new environment and people Does not seek out caregiver when stressed Doesn¡¯t show interest in ¡°peek-a-boo¡± or ¡°patty cake¡± by 8 months Does not pay attention or stay focused on an activity for as long a time as other children of the same age Focuses on unusual objects for long periods of time; enjoys this more than interacting with others Avoids or rarely makes eye contact with others
Gets unusually frustrated when trying to do simple tasks that most children of the same age can do Shows aggressive behaviors and acting out and appears to be very stubborn compared with other children Displays violent behaviors on a daily basis Stares into space, rocks body, or talks to self more often than other children of the same age Does not display a wide array of emotions (anger, fear, happy, excited, frustrated) MOTOR SKILLS Gets to a sitting position without help Pulls up to stand, walks holding on to furniture (¡°cruising¡±) May take a few steps without holding on May stand alone Stands on one foot for 10 seconds or longer Hops, somersaults Swings, climbs May be able to skip Copies triangle and other geometric patterns Draws person with body Prints some letters Dresses and undresses without assistance Doesn¡¯t sit steadily by 10 months Doesn¡¯t crawl Can¡¯t stand when supported Drags one side of body while crawling (for over one month) Cannot walk by 18 months Has stiff arms and/or legs Cannot hold and use a spoon or cup for eating and drinking Has a floppy or limp body posture compared to other children of the same age Has a very clumsy manner compared with other children of the same age Cannot grasp a crayon between thumb and fingers Has difficulty scribbling Cannot copy a circle Cannot stack 4 blocks Still clings or cries when REFERENCES http://www.cdc.gov/ncbddd/actearly/milestones/milestones-1yr.html http://ecdc.syr.edu/wp-content/uploads/2013/01/Developmental_checklists_Updated2012.pdf

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Developmental Comparison

  • 1. DEVELOPMENTAL COMPARISON Normal With Disability LANGUAGE Responds to simple spoken requests Uses simple gestures, like shaking head ¡°no¡± or waving ¡°bye-bye¡± Makes sounds with changes in tone (sounds more like speech) Says ¡°mama¡± and ¡°dada¡± and exclamations like ¡°uh-oh!¡± Tries to say words you say Doesn¡¯t say single words like ¡°mama¡± or ¡°dada¡± by 8 months Does not speak at least 15 words by 18 months Does not use unique two-word phrases by age 2 (more milk, big dog, mommy help) Persistent drooling or very unclear speech Inability to communicate in short phrases COGNITIVE Explores things in different ways, like shaking, banging, throwing Finds hidden things easily Looks at the right picture or thing when it¡¯s named Copies gestures Starts to use things correctly; for example, drinks from a cup, brushes hair Bangs two things together Puts things in a container, takes things out of a container Lets things go without help Pokes with index (pointer) finger Follows simple directions like ¡°pick up the toy¡± Doesn¡¯t search for things that she sees you hide Doesn¡¯t learn gestures like waving or shaking head Doesn¡¯t point to things Does not follow simple one-step instructions by 24 mos. No involvement in pretend play Failure to understand simple instructions Doesn't engage in fantasy play Cannot understand prepositions ("put the cup on the table"; "get the ball under the couch") Cannot give his first and last name Does not use plurals or past tense SOCIAL AND EMOTIONAL Is shy or nervous with strangers Cries when mom or dad leaves Has favorite things and people Shows fear in some situations Hands you a book when he wants to hear a story Repeats sounds or actions to get attention Puts out arm or leg to help with dressing Plays games such as ¡°peek-a-boo¡± and ¡°pat-a- cake¡± Doesn¡¯t react to new environment and people Does not seek out caregiver when stressed Doesn¡¯t show interest in ¡°peek-a-boo¡± or ¡°patty cake¡± by 8 months Does not pay attention or stay focused on an activity for as long a time as other children of the same age Focuses on unusual objects for long periods of time; enjoys this more than interacting with others Avoids or rarely makes eye contact with others
  • 2. Gets unusually frustrated when trying to do simple tasks that most children of the same age can do Shows aggressive behaviors and acting out and appears to be very stubborn compared with other children Displays violent behaviors on a daily basis Stares into space, rocks body, or talks to self more often than other children of the same age Does not display a wide array of emotions (anger, fear, happy, excited, frustrated) MOTOR SKILLS Gets to a sitting position without help Pulls up to stand, walks holding on to furniture (¡°cruising¡±) May take a few steps without holding on May stand alone Stands on one foot for 10 seconds or longer Hops, somersaults Swings, climbs May be able to skip Copies triangle and other geometric patterns Draws person with body Prints some letters Dresses and undresses without assistance Doesn¡¯t sit steadily by 10 months Doesn¡¯t crawl Can¡¯t stand when supported Drags one side of body while crawling (for over one month) Cannot walk by 18 months Has stiff arms and/or legs Cannot hold and use a spoon or cup for eating and drinking Has a floppy or limp body posture compared to other children of the same age Has a very clumsy manner compared with other children of the same age Cannot grasp a crayon between thumb and fingers Has difficulty scribbling Cannot copy a circle Cannot stack 4 blocks Still clings or cries when REFERENCES http://www.cdc.gov/ncbddd/actearly/milestones/milestones-1yr.html http://ecdc.syr.edu/wp-content/uploads/2013/01/Developmental_checklists_Updated2012.pdf