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Editing Presentation

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How...? What...? When...? Where...? Which¡­? Who...? Why...?
Contents Definition and Key Themes The Principles of Editing Editing Techniques Editing Transitions Web Pages
What is it¡­? - Write your own definition for video editing¡­ - Video editing can be described as the process of piecing together raw footage, which has been captured on a video camera, in order to create a complete video product. - Editing itself is a powerful tool. It can manipulate time, space and interpretation within a media product (e.g. films, television programmes, radio programmes, newspaper articles, video games, etc).
Key themes relating to editing¡­ - Storyline - Narrative * What is the difference between these two key terms¡­? - Storyline = The plot. - Narrative = The arrangement of events that reveal and complete the storyline.
Storyline and Narrative¡­ - Open-ended storyline - Closed storyline - Linear narrative - Non-linear narrative
Storyline and Narrative¡­ - Open-ended = A storyline that is left incomplete. This could be to continue the story in a subsequent programme, or to allow audiences to complete the storyline using their own imagination. - Closed = A storyline that is left complete, with no questions left unanswered (regarding the storyline). - Linear = Events, of the storyline, that unfold in a chronological order. - Non-linear = Events, of the storyline, that unfold in a non-chronological order.
The Principles of Editing 1. Storytelling - Editing is used to piece together scenes in a (usually) logical sequence to tell a story. 2. Combination of shots - Editors will combine a mixture of shot types and angles in order to draw in the viewer and establish settings, feelings and relationships. - A combination of shots should be edited together in a logical order. For example, LONG SHOT ¡ú MID-SHOT ¡ú CLOSE-UP ¡ú EXTREME CLOSE-UP. A combination of shots (good and bad) in Fist of Fury (1972) Dir: Lo Wei
Combination of Shots
The Principles of Editing 3. Creating pace - In order to create a sense of pace or speed within a TV programme or film, the editing techniques used must match the sounds or music used within the video. Taio Cruz ¨C Break Your Heart (2009) Creating pace in a music video Framelines TV ¨C Fast and Slow Cutting
The Principles of Editing 4. The 180o Rule - This rule states that once two (or more) actors have been established on a certain side of the screen, then they must remain on that side throughout the edit. - This rule applies to camera work and editing when filming two or more characters (during interviews, interrogations, conversations, etc.). Framelines TV ¨C The 180o Rule
Breaking the 180o Rule The Shining (1980) Dir: Stanley Kubrick L¨¨on: The Professional (1994) Dir: Luc Besson
Editing Techniques Continuity editing Ensuring the mise-en-sc¨¨ne is kept constant throughout the cuts ¨C that is, the settings, the props and the costumes. BBC¡¯s Great Movie Mistakes For further continuity errors, try: www.moviemistakes.com
Editing Techniques Match on action An action that begins in one shot, is continued or completed in the next shot, which is from a different angle. Horrors of War (2006) Dir: Peter John Ross & John Whitney
Editing Techniques Parallel Editing Cutting between two or more storylines that are occurring at the same time, but in different places.
Editing Techniques Cutaway Cutting away from the main subject to show other things happening around it. Main subject(s) Cutaway Cutaway The Longest Yard (2005) Dir: Peter Segal
For A Few Dollars More (1965) Dir: Sergio Leone Main subject(s)
Cutaway
Cutaway
Cutaway
Back to main subject(s)
Editing Techniques Jump Cut A way of reducing a long take by editing out one or more sections. Breathless (1960) Dir: Jean-Luc Goddard
Editing techniques Match Cut An action that is shown in one scene will then be repeated in a similar fashion in the next scene. Graphic Match Cut An object / shape in one shot, ¡®transforms¡¯ into something similar in the next shot. A graphic (match) cut with a dissolve Match cuts from the John Lewis 150th anniversary advert (2014)
Editing Techniques Shot-Reverse-Shot Cutting between characters¡¯ conversations to capture reactions, emotions and actions. Two subjects talking Shot Reverse Shot 1. Character A looks at character B. 2. Shot then cuts to character B looking at character A. 3. Then back to character A.
http://www.premiumbeat.com/blog/cinematic-shot-reverse-shot
Editing Transitions Fade Out / Fade In A gradual transition from one shot to another; one darkens and the next brightens. Dissolve One scene fades out while another fades in over the top of it ¨C the two scenes mix into each other (see the graphic match cut example). Wipe The subsequent scene wipes over the prior scene. Wipes from Star Wars A fade up during the opening scene of The Lord of the Rings: The Fellowship of the Ring (2001)
Editing Transitions Superimposition One image is placed on top of another. Slow Motion / Fast Motion Slowing down or speeding up time or an action. Ellipsis The editing out of a period of time or series of events, leaving the viewer to fill in the narrative using their own imagination. Superimposition in The Lion King (1994) Dir: Roger Allers & Rob Minkoff Slow motion in The Matrix (1999) Dir: Andy & Laurence Wachowski An ellipsis in Bruce Almighty (2003) Dir: Tom Shadyac
Exercise * Note down what you think the purpose and/or effects of the following editing techniques are¡­ - Cutaway - Jump cut - Shot-reverse-shot - Fade in / fade out - Dissolve - Slow motion / fast motion
Editing Techniques & Effects
Exercise * You will watch an extract of a film / TV drama. * You must note down all of the editing principals and editing techniques that are used. * If you have identified the editing techniques used, you can go on to explain the effects of these editing techniques within the programme.
The Cutting Edge: The Magic of Movie Editing Editing for A-Level New Media Rights ¨C Video Editing Techniques Basic editing techniques explained Yale University ¨C Editing Techniques Web Pages

More Related Content

Editing Presentation

  • 1. How...? What...? When...? Where...? Which¡­? Who...? Why...?
  • 2. Contents Definition and Key Themes The Principles of Editing Editing Techniques Editing Transitions Web Pages
  • 3. What is it¡­? - Write your own definition for video editing¡­ - Video editing can be described as the process of piecing together raw footage, which has been captured on a video camera, in order to create a complete video product. - Editing itself is a powerful tool. It can manipulate time, space and interpretation within a media product (e.g. films, television programmes, radio programmes, newspaper articles, video games, etc).
  • 4. Key themes relating to editing¡­ - Storyline - Narrative * What is the difference between these two key terms¡­? - Storyline = The plot. - Narrative = The arrangement of events that reveal and complete the storyline.
  • 5. Storyline and Narrative¡­ - Open-ended storyline - Closed storyline - Linear narrative - Non-linear narrative
  • 6. Storyline and Narrative¡­ - Open-ended = A storyline that is left incomplete. This could be to continue the story in a subsequent programme, or to allow audiences to complete the storyline using their own imagination. - Closed = A storyline that is left complete, with no questions left unanswered (regarding the storyline). - Linear = Events, of the storyline, that unfold in a chronological order. - Non-linear = Events, of the storyline, that unfold in a non-chronological order.
  • 7. The Principles of Editing 1. Storytelling - Editing is used to piece together scenes in a (usually) logical sequence to tell a story. 2. Combination of shots - Editors will combine a mixture of shot types and angles in order to draw in the viewer and establish settings, feelings and relationships. - A combination of shots should be edited together in a logical order. For example, LONG SHOT ¡ú MID-SHOT ¡ú CLOSE-UP ¡ú EXTREME CLOSE-UP. A combination of shots (good and bad) in Fist of Fury (1972) Dir: Lo Wei
  • 9. The Principles of Editing 3. Creating pace - In order to create a sense of pace or speed within a TV programme or film, the editing techniques used must match the sounds or music used within the video. Taio Cruz ¨C Break Your Heart (2009) Creating pace in a music video Framelines TV ¨C Fast and Slow Cutting
  • 10. The Principles of Editing 4. The 180o Rule - This rule states that once two (or more) actors have been established on a certain side of the screen, then they must remain on that side throughout the edit. - This rule applies to camera work and editing when filming two or more characters (during interviews, interrogations, conversations, etc.). Framelines TV ¨C The 180o Rule
  • 11. Breaking the 180o Rule The Shining (1980) Dir: Stanley Kubrick L¨¨on: The Professional (1994) Dir: Luc Besson
  • 12. Editing Techniques Continuity editing Ensuring the mise-en-sc¨¨ne is kept constant throughout the cuts ¨C that is, the settings, the props and the costumes. BBC¡¯s Great Movie Mistakes For further continuity errors, try: www.moviemistakes.com
  • 13. Editing Techniques Match on action An action that begins in one shot, is continued or completed in the next shot, which is from a different angle. Horrors of War (2006) Dir: Peter John Ross & John Whitney
  • 14. Editing Techniques Parallel Editing Cutting between two or more storylines that are occurring at the same time, but in different places.
  • 15. Editing Techniques Cutaway Cutting away from the main subject to show other things happening around it. Main subject(s) Cutaway Cutaway The Longest Yard (2005) Dir: Peter Segal
  • 16. For A Few Dollars More (1965) Dir: Sergio Leone Main subject(s)
  • 20. Back to main subject(s)
  • 21. Editing Techniques Jump Cut A way of reducing a long take by editing out one or more sections. Breathless (1960) Dir: Jean-Luc Goddard
  • 22. Editing techniques Match Cut An action that is shown in one scene will then be repeated in a similar fashion in the next scene. Graphic Match Cut An object / shape in one shot, ¡®transforms¡¯ into something similar in the next shot. A graphic (match) cut with a dissolve Match cuts from the John Lewis 150th anniversary advert (2014)
  • 23. Editing Techniques Shot-Reverse-Shot Cutting between characters¡¯ conversations to capture reactions, emotions and actions. Two subjects talking Shot Reverse Shot 1. Character A looks at character B. 2. Shot then cuts to character B looking at character A. 3. Then back to character A.
  • 25. Editing Transitions Fade Out / Fade In A gradual transition from one shot to another; one darkens and the next brightens. Dissolve One scene fades out while another fades in over the top of it ¨C the two scenes mix into each other (see the graphic match cut example). Wipe The subsequent scene wipes over the prior scene. Wipes from Star Wars A fade up during the opening scene of The Lord of the Rings: The Fellowship of the Ring (2001)
  • 26. Editing Transitions Superimposition One image is placed on top of another. Slow Motion / Fast Motion Slowing down or speeding up time or an action. Ellipsis The editing out of a period of time or series of events, leaving the viewer to fill in the narrative using their own imagination. Superimposition in The Lion King (1994) Dir: Roger Allers & Rob Minkoff Slow motion in The Matrix (1999) Dir: Andy & Laurence Wachowski An ellipsis in Bruce Almighty (2003) Dir: Tom Shadyac
  • 27. Exercise * Note down what you think the purpose and/or effects of the following editing techniques are¡­ - Cutaway - Jump cut - Shot-reverse-shot - Fade in / fade out - Dissolve - Slow motion / fast motion
  • 29. Exercise * You will watch an extract of a film / TV drama. * You must note down all of the editing principals and editing techniques that are used. * If you have identified the editing techniques used, you can go on to explain the effects of these editing techniques within the programme.
  • 30. The Cutting Edge: The Magic of Movie Editing Editing for A-Level New Media Rights ¨C Video Editing Techniques Basic editing techniques explained Yale University ¨C Editing Techniques Web Pages