Standards, evaluation, and accountability initiatives are advancing policy conversations around educational quality in Latin America. While national and international testing has documented poor educational outcomes, rapid growth of assessment systems occurred without proper preparation. Issues include a lack of alignment between testing and curriculum reforms, technical quality concerns, and reluctance to act on results. However, emerging trends include increased participation in cross-national assessments, investments in technology, setting improvement targets, and a growing culture of evaluation. Accountability is nascent, with some publishing of school rankings and teacher incentives based on student performance. Overall, learning goals and utilizing assessment results for continuous improvement remains a work in progress for most countries.