Leonhard Euler was a Swiss mathematician and physicist born in 1707 in Basel, Switzerland who made seminal contributions to many areas of mathematics. Some of his key accomplishments included establishing the fundamental relationship between trigonometric and complex exponential functions known as Euler's identity, developing graph theory and topology, and making influential discoveries in mechanics and astronomy. He spent most of his career working in Berlin and Saint Petersburg, where he was a member of several academic institutions. Euler authored over 800 papers and books on diverse topics in pure and applied mathematics, physics, astronomy and engineering.
3. Born 15 April 1707
Basel, Switzerland
Died 18 September 1783(aged 76)
[OS: 7 September 1783]
Saint Petersburg, Russian
Empire
Residence Kingdom of Prussia, Russian
Empire
Switzerland
Fields Mathematics and physics
Institutions Imperial Russian Academy of
Sciences
Berlin Academy
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4. Euler's formula, named after Leonhard Euler,
is a mathematical formula incomplex
analysis that establishes the fundamental
relationship between thetrigonometric
functions and the complex exponential
function. Euler's formula states that, for
any real number x:
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7. Any function f(x) that possesses the characteristic mapping:
is said to be homogeneous, with respect to x, to degree 1. By the same
token, if f(x) obeys the mapping:
then f(x) is homogeneous to degree k. In general, a multivariable
function f(x1,x2,x3,) is said to be homogeneous of degree k in
variables xi(i=1,2,3,) if for any value of 了,
For example, let us consider the function:
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8. How do we find out if this particular function is
homogeneous, and if it is, to what degree? We
evaluate this function at x=了x and y= 了y to obtain:
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9. partial derivatives , , and . Hence, to complete the
discussion on homogeneous functions, it is useful to
study the mathematical theorem that establishes a
relationship between a homogeneous function and its
partial derivatives. This isEulers theorem.
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