�ݺ�ߣ

Editor's Notes

1. My name is…. I present the paper entitled …
2. This is a Human Computer Interaction study ... aimed to identify principles of design for older adult´s exergames, videogames that promotes…, and provide element that lets a collaborative work among player-game-medical specialist…. In this sense the exergame must be able to adapt its movement interaction to provide an adequate benefit for the older adult gamer. Without the direct intervention from therapist whilst are played… Besides preserving the fun elements in game for an older adult gamer… And providing a benefit for them.
3. Alba plantea que debido a los cambios en la vejez se promueve una inseguridad en el movimiento esta inseguridad lleva al desuso y deterioro de cierta parte del cuerpo, Wilson-Escalante proporciona evidencia que la pérdida de la actividad física recreativa produce estados depresivos no patológicos. Condición que finalmente incide en enfermedades, depresión y aislamiento social. lo que establece la relevancia de promover la reactivación física del adulto mayor y proveerle de herramientas que faciliten este proceso. (20 segs.) (0:00:56)
4. From HCI perspective .. Exergames are designed using rhetorics and metaphors to express motion promoted and relate it with well known elements for the gamer… Outcome of use these elements … the exergame promotes that the gamer plays roles inside the game … These roles emerged form movement interface itself and are used to promoted and exertion whilst other brought into the game are less utilized in game interaction.
5. In our methodology we divided the study in 3 phases, In the first one we … In the second And in the third we applied Action Methodology to answer our research questions and solve user’s specific problem playing exergames
6. In the first phase we conducted 18 long interviews with specialists. We used a semi structured interview containing 61 questions that gave us a perspective of all the elements to take into account from specialist perspective Using grounded theory we obtained all the considerations about the use of exergames with older adults and summarized in the topics shown in the slide.
7. In the second phase we designed a first intervention with healthy older adults that never has played videogames before and using exergames specially selected for them taking into account all the specialist considerations. We found The way that the movement is expressed can be frightening for the elderly … This respond more to a design tendency than a physical problems to play The observer role is relevant and must be included in someway in the game interaction The exergames have a lack of elements to evaluate how the gamer mobility capacity really affects the interaction with the game There are physical problems to solve but this problematic subsist even with low
8. Action Research is incremental iterative spiral process used from used in academic improvement research. We applied Action Research in its canonical form. Action Research is defined as a iterative spiral process, where researchers and users works together identifying and diagnosing several generic problems (entrance). Based on this diagnosis the actions and interventions are planned, implemented and evaluated. In this way the outcome in the last iteration is a new entrance for the next, in this way at the end of this process the researcher is closer to have a good view of relevant elements for his research and solutions for several users’ problems.
9. The third phase had a duration of 6 months. In the first iteration was addressed the problem that some elders have the tendency to insolate themselves After differentiate among active and less active players, we can observe how training the gamers using pictorial instructions was a barrier for everyone, then we decided replace this method for mimic instruction and include observers in the playground. easy metaphors facilitate gamer engagement with the game but the way that is expressed the movement inhibit some participants even when they feel that is easy to play And in the other hand high intensity games increases the social interaction substantially So is necessary found ways to maintain the intensity in the game without intimidate the gamer.
10. We decide use more demanding exergames to increase the social interaction We include the coach role, making that less skilled gamers helped to more skilled ones. We found that the exergames are designed supposing that any gamer increases his abilities just with time and practice. Is not necessarily true, because the movement interface promotes that gamer makes movements causing the opposite effect A role played for the therapist is provide adequate movement, in our intervention we use the facilitators movements, those that the gamer use to achieve his performance. However, virtually no elements are considered from the context of mobility capacity and no adaptations are made during play time to adapt the gameplay to gamer’s characteristics. In some cases the way that the movement is expressed (the rhetoric) implies efforts beyond older adult´s mobility capacity, and even in low intensity exergames the older adult require a longer time to get control over the gameplay. The problem is the exergames gives a continuous negative feedback about gamer’s performance along this time.
11. For the third iteration we found that although all the older adults in the group were evaluated as healthy elders, there was significantly differences in mobility capacity, especially in lower limbs. Two evaluations were performed using the Kinect sensor: measurement of the joint’s active arcs of movement and a simple balance test. With these outcomes we clustered the group in 4 subgroups identifying real or own perceived limitations. For each of these subgroups the movement was redesigned taking into account their specific characteristics. For instance, the running rhetoric were re-expressed as a kind of march for G1 (more skilled gamers); for G2 we reduce the intensity in the march and with a lower rise of knees; for G3 we focus the gamer attention to rise his ankles; and finally for G4 we asked move the body center of mass from one leg to another. Applying these modifications all of them started to play.
12. We observed that less skilled gamers look ashamed with their performances. we change the individual challenges by cooperative gameplay, implementing new ways to evaluate the performances. The medical specialist provide lines of exercise for each level of capacity, that were used to adequate the movement and improve the gamers efficiency. These same elements were used by the therapist to improve some physical aspects whilst the exergames were played, we adequate a new section where the specialist provide continuous feedback for each player.
13. Based in these results we propose a model of adaptability based on 4 principles. Morphofunctional: the exergame requires identify mobility capacity and adapt the gameplay to it. The measurement of joint’s arcs and the practice of a simple test of balance provide good insights. A line of exercise must be provided for each level of mobility taking into account that a lower neuromuscular response requires reduce intensity of motion, a low speed, and adequate metaphors and feedback. Effectiveness: elders requires a longer time to engage with the game. Provide tips to increase the game effectiveness, design a user interaction taking into account the observer too. Include new elements like mimic demonstration and coach role inside the game design. Unlike others kind of gamers the older adult requires focus their attention in effective movements, use simple metaphors and improve feedback including other senses besides visual interaction. Risk-Tiredness high intensity exercise is not adequate in an exergame for older adults. Think in an effort centered in maintain the capacity to perform the daily life activities. Use casual games to retrain, encapsulate group interactions in short turns of 1-2 minutes by gamer , and give chance to socialize among turns. Think that the mobility capacity play the role of a threshold and have no sense encourage the gamer to increase the intensity of movement beyond that limit, for an older adult the effort to realize some movement may represent big exertion whilst for another not. Use the classification of gamers during playing time to control this elements. Think that this circumstances tend to decline not to improve with the time. Think that these games improve the social interaction then prefer design oriented to group interaction and include cooperative gameplay. Design scores and turns to play for a group interaction.