The document discusses the history and development of artificial intelligence over several decades. Early research focused on symbolic approaches using rules and logic but progress was slow. More recently, machine learning techniques such as deep learning have achieved significant successes in areas like computer vision and natural language processing by using neural networks trained on large datasets. These new approaches represent an important shift in how AI is developed.
Eduardo Humberto del R¨ªo Garc¨ªa (Zamora, Michoac¨¢n, 20 de junio de 1934-Tepoztl¨¢n, Morelos, 8 de agosto de 2017) fue un caricaturista, historietista y escritor mexicano que public¨® bajo el pseud¨®nimo de Rius.
Rius fue un activista pol¨ªtico de izquierda y simpatizante comunista, punto de vista que frecuentemente presentaba en sus escritos, acompa?ado con una fuerte cr¨ªtica a las doctrinas neoliberales mexicanas, la pol¨ªtica estadounidense y a la Iglesia cat¨®lica. Utiliz¨® esto como apertura de la Revoluci¨®n Cubana en su libro "Cuba para principiantes" y un fuerte simpatizante del bloque sovi¨¦tico hasta el fin de la Guerra Fr¨ªa. Con la publicaci¨®n de "Es una l¨¢stima, Cuba en 1994", modific¨® su concepto ideol¨®gico respecto a ese pa¨ªs, e inici¨® una fuerte cr¨ªtica contra la corrupci¨®n, la burocratizaci¨®n y la represi¨®n del gobierno de Fidel Castro.
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The document discusses the history and development of chocolate over centuries. It details how cocoa beans were first used as currency by the Maya and Aztecs before being transformed into a sweet confection by the Spanish in Europe. The text also notes that chocolate became increasingly popular worldwide from the 18th century onward as production methods improved.
Monthly Khazina-e-Ruhaniyaat November'23 (Vol.14, Issue 7)Darul Amal Chishtia
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O documento discute a import?ncia da educa??o para o desenvolvimento econ?mico e social de um pa¨ªs. A educa??o ¨¦ essencial para promover a inova??o, o empreendedorismo e a competitividade global. Investimentos em educa??o de qualidade s?o cruciais para forma??o de capital humano e gera??o de crescimento sustent¨¢vel a longo prazo.
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The document discusses the benefits of meditation for reducing stress and anxiety. Regular meditation practice can calm the mind and help prevent worrying thoughts. Studies have shown that meditating for just 10 minutes per day can lower stress levels and improve overall mental well-being.
Remarks on the 50th Anniversary of the Vienna Convention on the Law of Treati...Sam Galope
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Keynote Speech on the 50th Anniversary of the Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties Department of Foreign Affairs 26 November 2019 Justice Antonio T. Carpio (Ret.) Acting Secretary Enrique Manalo, Undersecretary Eduardo Malaya, Atty. Igor Bailen, other officials and employees of the Department of Foreign Affairs, distinguished guests, friends, a pleasant afternoon to everyone. Thank you for inviting me here this afternoon to join you in celebrating the Golden Anniversary of the Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties. As you know, the most important source of international law are treaties. Treaties regulate relations between and among states. Treaties constitute the law between and among treaty states. Treaties must be observed faithfully between and among treaty states as expressed in the maxim pacta sunt servanda. Harmonious relations between and among treaty states can be maintained only if states uniformly apply and interpret treaties that regulate their relations. Treaties cannot operate to regulate relations and conduct of states if treaty states have different interpretations of treaties to which they are parties. There can be no effective dispute settlement between and among treaty states without uniform and universally accepted rules of treaty interpretation.
Monthly Khazina-e-Ruhaniyaat November'23 (Vol.14, Issue 7)Darul Amal Chishtia
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7th issue of Volume 14. A magazine in urdu language mainly based on spiritual treatment and learning. Many topics on ISLAM, SUFISM, SOCIAL PROBLEMS, SELF HELP, PSYCHOLOGY, HEALTH, SPIRITUAL TREATMENT, Ruqya etc. A very useful magazine for everyone.
Cat¨¢logo de Oriflame Costa Rica Julio 2024Karol Vargas
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O documento discute a import?ncia da educa??o para o desenvolvimento econ?mico e social de um pa¨ªs. A educa??o ¨¦ essencial para promover a inova??o, o empreendedorismo e a competitividade global. Investimentos em educa??o de qualidade s?o cruciais para forma??o de capital humano e gera??o de crescimento sustent¨¢vel a longo prazo.
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The document discusses the benefits of meditation for reducing stress and anxiety. Regular meditation practice can calm the mind and help prevent worrying thoughts. Studies have shown that meditating for just 10 minutes per day can lower stress levels and improve overall mental well-being.
Remarks on the 50th Anniversary of the Vienna Convention on the Law of Treati...Sam Galope
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Keynote Speech on the 50th Anniversary of the Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties Department of Foreign Affairs 26 November 2019 Justice Antonio T. Carpio (Ret.) Acting Secretary Enrique Manalo, Undersecretary Eduardo Malaya, Atty. Igor Bailen, other officials and employees of the Department of Foreign Affairs, distinguished guests, friends, a pleasant afternoon to everyone. Thank you for inviting me here this afternoon to join you in celebrating the Golden Anniversary of the Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties. As you know, the most important source of international law are treaties. Treaties regulate relations between and among states. Treaties constitute the law between and among treaty states. Treaties must be observed faithfully between and among treaty states as expressed in the maxim pacta sunt servanda. Harmonious relations between and among treaty states can be maintained only if states uniformly apply and interpret treaties that regulate their relations. Treaties cannot operate to regulate relations and conduct of states if treaty states have different interpretations of treaties to which they are parties. There can be no effective dispute settlement between and among treaty states without uniform and universally accepted rules of treaty interpretation.
Defending Our Sovereign Rights in the Grand MannerSam Galope
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This speech discusses defending Philippine sovereignty and sovereign rights over its territory and waters. It argues that lawyers now play a key role in defending sovereignty through international law and legal processes, as seen in the case filed against China over disputed territories in the South China Sea. While recent agreements with China over resource exploration could help resolve disputes, the speaker says Philippines must still assert its legal rights and educate others about the invalidity of China's claims. Overall, the speech urges upholding international law and Philippine sovereignty.
Defending Sovereign Rights in the West Philippine Sea by Justice Antonio T. C...Sam Galope
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The document discusses the importance of the South China Sea. It notes that $5.3 trillion in ship-borne goods traverse the South China Sea annually, accounting for almost half of the world's shipborne trade. It also discusses the South China Sea's importance for fisheries, with 12% of the annual global fish catch coming from there, worth $21.8 billion. Additionally, the South China Sea is rich in oil, gas and methane hydrates. The document outlines the strategic importance of the South China Sea for several countries in terms of trade routes and energy imports that pass through the waters.
Follow the Rule of Law, But Aspire for the Rule of Justice Ateneo Law School ...Sam Galope
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1) The document discusses the difference between the rule of law and the rule of justice, using a Philippine Supreme Court case as an example. While the rule of law must be followed, the ultimate goal is the rule of justice.
2) There is sometimes a gap between the rule of law and the rule of justice, such as when applying an outdated law results in an unjust penalty. All branches of government should work to close such gaps.
3) International law also sees gaps between the rule of law and justice due to the lack of an enforcement mechanism for international tribunal awards. The South China Sea arbitration award is an example, as China has refused to comply.
Statement of Justice Antonio T. Carpio On the Ramming of F/B Gimver 1Sam Galope
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The captain and crew of a Filipino fishing vessel (F/B Gimver 1) stated that they were rammed by a Chinese fishing vessel while anchored and fishing in the Philippine EEZ in the West Philippine Sea. The ramming of the F/B Gimver 1 violates UNCLOS and prevents Filipino fishermen from exercising their sovereign right to fish. Chinese maritime militia vessels, which operate under control of the PLA, have reinforced steel hulls designed for ramming and have previously rammed Vietnamese vessels. The ramming of the F/B Gimver 1 represents an escalation of China's aggression against the Philippines in the region and could signal the start of China driving Filipino fishermen from the
Second Quarter 2018 Social Weather Survey: 4 out of 5 Pinoys repudiate govern...Sam Galope
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The Second Quarter 2018 Social Weather Survey, conducted from June 27-30, 2018, found that four out of five adult Filipinos repudiate the government¡¯s policy of doing nothing about China¡¯s intrusion in the West Philippine Sea.
The June 2018 survey asked, ¡°Is [activity] RIGHT or NOT RIGHT for the Philippine government to do in resolving the conflict between the Philippines and China about the West Philippine Sea?¡± Five specific activities were tested.
To this, 81% said it is not right to leave China alone with its infrastructures and military presence in the claimed territories [Chart 1].
At the same time, 80% said it is right for the government to strengthen the military capability of the Philippines, especially the Navy.
Seventy-four percent said it is right for the government to bring the issue to international organizations, like the United Nations or Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN), for a diplomatic and peaceful negotiation with China about the claimed territories.
Seventy-three percent said it is alright to have direct, bilateral negotiations between the Philippines and China to discuss the resolution of the issue of the claimed territories.
Sixty-eight percent said the government should ask other countries to mediate the issue of the claimed territories.
? 81% say it is not right to do nothing about China¡¯s intrusion in claimed territories
? 80% want the military, particularly the Navy, to be strengthened
? 74% want to bring the issue to international organizations for diplomatic negotiations
? 73% say it is alright for PH and China to have direct, bilateral negotiations
? 68% say the government should ask other countries to mediate
? Net trust in China falls to ¡°Bad¡± -35
https://www.sws.org.ph/swsmain/artcldisppage/?artcsyscode=ART-20180714202446&mc_cid=ed998182eb&mc_eid=6280559e78
Remarks on 2nd Anniversary of the Arbitral Ruling on South China Sea Dispute ...Sam Galope
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The July 12, 2016 Award of the Arbitral Tribunal was a
landmark ruling for three reasons. First, the Arbitral
Tribunal ruled that China¡¯s so-called historic nine-dashed
line cannot serve as legal basis to claim any part of the
waters or resources of the South China Sea. China, like all
other coastal states in the South China Sea, cannot claim
maritime zones beyond what UNCLOS allows, that is, not
exceeding 350 NM from the coastline. The result is that
about 25 percent of the South China Sea are high seas, and
all around the high seas are the exclusive economic zones
of the adjacent coastal states. Of course, in the high seas
and exclusive economic zones there is freedom of
navigation and freedom of overflight as recognized under
customary international law and UNCLOS.
Ideas that Divide the Nation
Address to the 2018 Graduates on Recognition Day
National College of Public Administration & Governance
University of the Philippines, 22 June 2018
Our nation today is facing radical proposals to change its historic identity, its grant of regional autonomy, and its foreign policy. Because these proposals are radical and divisive, they require the deepest examination from all sectors of our society - from lawyers, public administrators, historians, political experts, businessmen, scientists, farmers, NGOs, and all other sectors in our society. I call these proposals Ideas that Divide the Nation.
We should be wary of new concepts imported from foreign shores and alien to our history as a people, which could Divide the Nation and even lead to the dismemberment of the Philippine state. Let me point out a few examples of these divisive ideas that have been introduced into our national discourse.
Japanese Translation: The South China Sea Dispute: Philippine Sovereign Right...Sam Galope
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On 29 October 2011, Senior Associate Justice Antonio T. Carpio delivered a speech before the Ateneo de Davao University College of Law on its 50th Founding Anniversary. Entitled e Rule of Law as the Great Equalizer, the speech signaled the beginning of his advocacy to protect the maritime entitlements of the Philippines in the West Philippine Sea as conferred by international law. In that speech, Justice Carpio declared:
This battle to defend our EEZ from China, the superpower in our region, is the 21st century equivalent of the battles that our forebears waged against Western and Eastern colonizers from the 16th to the 20th century. e best and the brightest of our forebears fought the Western and Eastern colonizers, and even sacri ced their lives, to make the Philippines free. In this modern- day battle, the best and the brightest legal warriors in our country today must stand up and fight to free the EEZ of the Philippines from foreign encroachment. In this historic battle to secure our EEZ, we must rely on the most powerful weapon invented by man in the settlement of disputes among states ¨C a weapon that can immobilize armies, neutralize aircraft carriers, render irrelevant nuclear bombs, and level the battle eld between small nations and superpowers.
That weapon ¨C the great equalizer ¨C is the Rule of Law. Under the Rule of Law, right prevails over might.
This eBook is a collation of Justice Carpio¡¯s lectures and speeches on the South China Sea dispute and the historic arbitral award rendered in favor of the Philippines. Totaling more than 140 lectures and speeches and spanning a period of more than five years, or from October 2011 to March 2017, these presentations were made in various fora, both in the Philippines and abroad. An earlier collation of his lectures and speeches was published in Antonio T. Carpio, Historical Facts, Historical Lies, and Historical Rights in the West Philippine Sea, 88 Phil. L.J. 389 (2014).
is ebook is interactive ¡ª if you click on a map or photo, or on the underlined name of the source of a photo or illustration, it will bring you to its online source.
Acceptance of Ruling is Material -- Statement of Justice Antonio T. CarpioSam Galope
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Why China¡¯s Acceptance of the Ruling Is Material
Statement of Justice Antonio T. Carpio
China is legally bound by the tribunal¡¯s ruling, whether China likes it or not. That is the compulsory nature of international law. But China can decide to go rogue and refuse to accept and implement the ruling.
This is what China has done ¨C refusing to vacate Mischief Reef which the tribunal ruled is submerged at high-tide and forms part of the Philippine EEZ. The tribunal ruled that only the Philippines can exploit or erect a structure in Mischief Reef.
In international law, where there is no world policeman to enforce a legally binding ruling, acceptance and implementation of the ruling by the losing State is obviously material. More so if the losing State is a military power, and the winning State is not.
Remarks before the 2017 U.P. Alumni Homecoming Never Give Up Honor, Soverei...Sam Galope
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A pleasant afternoon to everyone.
On behalf of this year¡¯s alumni awardees, I wish to thank the Board of Directors of the University of the Philippines Alumni Association headed by its President, Atty. Ramon Maronilla, for this signal award conferred on us. I am sure I speak for the all of the awardees here tonight that we are truly honored and humbled by this recognition. We will certainly treasure this award.
This year¡¯s theme of the Alumni Homecoming is ¡°Itanghal ang Dangal¡± - Show Honor. Honor is of course the first half of the U.P. Motto ¨C ¡°Honor and Excellence.¡±
The emphasis on showing honor correctly points out that honor comes before excellence, that there must be honor above all, even as there must be excellence in all that we do.
Master the art of persuasive debate with the 10 Golden Rules of Argumentation! Whether you're in a legal discussion, a business negotiation, or an everyday conversation, strong argumentation skills are essential. In this video, we break down the key principles that help you construct logical, compelling, and well-structured arguments.
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Terrorism Risk Insurance Program 2025 Data CallJasonSchupp1
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For many years, CBI has raised concern that only a small number of captive insurance companies participating in the program respond to Treasury¡¯s compulsory data calls such as the one subject to this Notice. Treasury has been generally dismissive of CBI¡¯s concerns. CBI again raises this concern coupled supported by data from the National Association of Insurance Commissioners and Treasury¡¯s own analysis suggesting that Treasury¡¯s data collection reaches at most one-third of all participating captive insurers.
Captive insurance companies are insurers formed to insure the risks of their corporate owners. Because only large businesses have the resources to form captives, captive insurance company performance under the program is a fair proxy for determining the extent to which program benefits flow to large corporations (i.e., through their participating captives) or to small and medium businesses (i.e., through traditional insurers).
While representing a relatively small amount of direct written premium covered by the program, captives play an outsized role in the receipt of potential benefits under the program. Based on Treasury¡¯s own reporting, captives represent a mere 5% of the program¡¯s premium but are expected to receive up to 95% of any benefits paid out under the program. Given the low response rate of captives to Treasury¡¯s data call, even this extraordinary proportion understates the dominance of captive insurance companies (and of their large corporate parents) in the consumption of program benefits.
More complete collection of data from captive insurers would surely reveal that closer to 99% of program benefits flow to large corporations through their participating captive insurance subsidiaries, while small and medium sized businesses receive nearly no benefits under the program. CBI suggests that through outreach to state licensed or registered captive managers Treasury would be in a better position to fulfill its statutory mandate to report on the effectiveness of the program.
Trademark vs Copyright vs Patent: What¡¯s the Difference?Online Legal India
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Agency - Definition - Requisites ¨C Kinds - Creation of Agency - Rights and duties of agent. Delegation, scope of agent¡¯s authority, relaxation of principal with third parties - Position of principal and agent in relation to third parties - Personal liability of agent - Termination of agency Identification of different kinds of agency transactions in day to day life in the commercial world; Liability of the principal for acts of the agent including misconduct and tort of the agent Liability of the agent towards the principal. Personal liability towards the parties - Methods of termination of agency contract - Liability of the principal and agent before and after such termination.
John Halpern, cofounder of Bain Capital, Sued for Sexual Assaultlunaticsumon
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Plaintiff Christopher Michael Ausnit (hereinafter ¡°Plaintiff¡±) was sexually assaulted and abused by Defendant John Dale Halpern (hereinafter ¡°Defendant¡±) multiple times during an extensive and extenuating period of time, ranging between 1972 and 1994, approximately. The abuse was systematic, repetitive, horrific, outrageous, and spanned from when the Plaintiff was a minor, to adulthood, causing extensive psychological trauma and emotional distress.