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Lipids are organic compounds that are greasy and insoluble in water but soluble in organic solvents. Lipids include fats and oils, with fats being solid at room temperature and oils being liquid. Lipids contain carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen and serve several important functions in the body such as storing energy, transporting fat-soluble substances, and as structural components of cell membranes, hormones, and vitamins. Sources of lipids include both saturated fats from animal products and unsaturated fats from plants and fish.

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LIPIDS ( fats and oil)
definition Lipids are organic substances that are greasy and insoluble in water but soluble in organic solvents such as alcohol and ether. Lipids have the same elements as carbohydrates (carbon, hydrogen and oxygen) but lipids contain a higher proportion of hydrogen. Fats are lipids that are solid at room temperature while oils are lipids that are liquid at room temperature. Fatty acids are structural units of most lipids that can be saturated or unsaturated, according to relative number of hydrogen atoms they contain.
Sources of lipids Saturated: butter, cream, fat on meat, chicken skin, processed meats, cheese, full cream milk and milk products Monounsaturated: oils( sunflower, canola, olive), nuts, peanut butter, avacado, mayonnaise, margarine Polyunsaturated: seeds (pumpkin, sunflower, flax) fish (sardines, mackerel, salmon) Trans fats : processed foods (biscuits, pies, pastries)
Functions of lipids Extra energy not needed by the body at present is stored in the fat cells (adipose tissues) for later use. Lipids are a concentrated source of energy. Lipids transport flat-soluble substances in and out of cells. Lipids form part of bile, steroid hormones and vitamin D Essential fatty acids are needed for healthy skin and normal growth in children and form part of retinal and brain tissue. Lipids contain vitamin A, D, and E and are needed for absorption of insoluble vitamins A, D, E and K
Cont. Fats slow down the emptying of the stomach and therefore contribute to a feeling of fullness. Fat enhances the flavour and texture of food The fat layer under skin act as insulation and helps maintain a constant body temperature Lipids in the skin act as natural lubricants, protecting and maintaining the conditions of skin and hair Body fat around the internal organs acts as a protective cushion, especially for the kidneys, intestines and mammary glands.

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group lipids.pptx

  • 2. definition Lipids are organic substances that are greasy and insoluble in water but soluble in organic solvents such as alcohol and ether. Lipids have the same elements as carbohydrates (carbon, hydrogen and oxygen) but lipids contain a higher proportion of hydrogen. Fats are lipids that are solid at room temperature while oils are lipids that are liquid at room temperature. Fatty acids are structural units of most lipids that can be saturated or unsaturated, according to relative number of hydrogen atoms they contain.
  • 3. Sources of lipids Saturated: butter, cream, fat on meat, chicken skin, processed meats, cheese, full cream milk and milk products Monounsaturated: oils( sunflower, canola, olive), nuts, peanut butter, avacado, mayonnaise, margarine Polyunsaturated: seeds (pumpkin, sunflower, flax) fish (sardines, mackerel, salmon) Trans fats : processed foods (biscuits, pies, pastries)
  • 4. Functions of lipids Extra energy not needed by the body at present is stored in the fat cells (adipose tissues) for later use. Lipids are a concentrated source of energy. Lipids transport flat-soluble substances in and out of cells. Lipids form part of bile, steroid hormones and vitamin D Essential fatty acids are needed for healthy skin and normal growth in children and form part of retinal and brain tissue. Lipids contain vitamin A, D, and E and are needed for absorption of insoluble vitamins A, D, E and K
  • 5. Cont. Fats slow down the emptying of the stomach and therefore contribute to a feeling of fullness. Fat enhances the flavour and texture of food The fat layer under skin act as insulation and helps maintain a constant body temperature Lipids in the skin act as natural lubricants, protecting and maintaining the conditions of skin and hair Body fat around the internal organs acts as a protective cushion, especially for the kidneys, intestines and mammary glands.