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Infection prevention and control (IPC) Lec 3.pptx

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The document discusses standard infection control precautions including safe management of body fluids, waste disposal, and prevention of occupational exposure. It outlines 10 key elements of infection control such as patient assessment, hand hygiene, personal protective equipment, cleaning and disinfection of equipment and environment, and safe disposal of waste including sharps. Specific guidelines are provided for proper handling of blood and body fluid spillages, segregating and disposing of different categories of waste, safely disposing of sharps in puncture-proof containers, and first aid measures for sharps injuries. The importance of occupational health and safety measures to minimize risk of exposure for healthcare workers is also highlighted.

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INFECTION PREVENTION AND CONTROL (IPC) LECTURE III Standard Infection Control Precautions (SICPs) By Dr. Mohammed Salah Microbiology and Immunology Department Mail: mohammed_salah@Azhar.edu.eg Office: B19 Dr. Mohammed Salah 1
Standard Infection Control Precautions (SICPs) elements 1. Patient Placement/Assessment Of Infection Risk 2. Hand Hygiene 3. Respiratory And Cough Hygiene 4. Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) 5. Safe Management Of The Care Environment 6. Safe Management Of Care Equipment 7. Safe Management Of Healthcare Linen 8. Safe Management Of Blood And Body Fluids 9. Safe Disposal Of Waste (Including Sharps) 10. Occupational Safety/Managing Prevention Of Exposure (Including Sharps) Dr. Mohammed Salah 2
8. Safe management of body fluid spillages Body fluids include: Blood Vomit Sputum Faeces and Urine Dr. Mohammed Salah 3 Spillages of blood and other body fluids may transmit blood borne viruses such as Hepatitis B and other.
Important considerations: 1. Spillages must be treated immediately by trained staff, to undertake this safely. 2. Responsibilities for the treatment of blood/body fluid spills must be clear within each area/care setting. 3. Appropriate personal protective equipment (PPE) should be worn and standard infection control precautions followed. Dr. Mohammed Salah 4
The five main steps in a safe management of body fluid spillages 1. Cordoon the spillage off 2. Assess the type of spillage 3. Collect the correct equipments 4. Protect yourself with PPE 5. Disinfect and clean Dr. Mohammed Salah 5
Dealing with body fluids spillages Dr. Mohammed Salah 6 Disinfectant used: 1. Chlorine-based disinfection, e.g. Milton. 2. Hypochlorite tablets or granules can be used.
Dr. Mohammed Salah 7 Method of disinfection 1. Protect the area 2. Clean hands and put on disposable apron and gloves (PPE) 3. Place solution or granules directly onto the spillage. Leave for the required contact time 20 minutes.. 4. Clear away the spillage and dispose of as infectious waste (for blood spillage) / offensive waste (for non blood spillage Dealing with body fluids spillages
Dr. Mohammed Salah 8 Method of disinfection (cont.) 5. With pH neutral detergent and warm water and disposable cloth, clean the area, then leave to air dry or dry with paper towels. 6. Dispose of cloth and paper towels as infectious waste / offensive waste (for non blood spillage) 7. Wash, rinse and dry hands thoroughly to prevent the transmission of infection Dealing with body fluids spillages
Dealing with blood/blood stained spillages
9. Safe disposal of waste (including sharps) Biohazard:- Viable micro- organisms or their toxins Contains a biologically active pharmaceutical agent Contain a sharps & blades Dr. Mohammed Salah 10 Hazard effects of healthcare (including clinical) waste:
Categories of waste: Dr. Mohammed Salah 11
Safe disposal of waste (including sharps) Important considerations: Always dispose of waste: a) immediately after used b) close to the point of use as possible; c) into the correct segregated colour approved waste bag or container (rigid container or sharps box if sharp) d) liquid waste, e.g. blood must be rendered safe by adding a polymer gel before placing in an orange lidded leak proof bin Dr. Mohammed Salah 12
e) waste bags must be no more than 3/4 full and use a ratchet tag/or tape (for healthcare waste bags only) using a swan neck to close. f) store all waste in a designated, safe, lockable area while awaiting uplift. g) Items like used gloves, aprons, swabs, dressings and other non-sharps that are contaminated with blood and bodily fluids will need segregation. Dr. Mohammed Salah 13
healthcare waste colour coding Dr. Mohammed Salah 14
Dr. Mohammed Salah 15
Safe management of sharps What are sharps? Sharps' are needles, blades and other instruments that are used in healthcare work and could cause an injury by cutting or pricking the skin. To make a safe handling of sharps:- Dr. Mohammed Salah 16
First aid in case of sharps injury 1. Encourage the wound to gently bleed, ideally holding it under running water 2. Wash the wound using running water and plenty of soap 3. Don't scrub the wound while you are washing it 4. Don't suck the wound 5. Dry the wound and cover it with a waterproof plaster or dressing 6. Seek medical advice 7. Report the injury to your employer. Dr. Mohammed Salah 17
10. Occupational safety: Prevention of exposure (including sharps injuries) Dr. Mohammed Salah 18 Occupational Hazards are the problems that HCWs face due to their occupation 1. A percutaneous injury e.g. injuries from needles, instruments, bone fragments, or bites which break the skin; and/or 2. Exposure of broken skin (abrasions, cuts, eczema, etc); and/or 3. Exposure of mucous membranes including the eye from splashing of blood or other high risk body fluids.
10. Occupational safety: Prevention of exposure (including sharps injuries) Occupational health should aims to the promotion and maintenance of the highest degree of physical, mental, and social well being of all HCWs It includes:- 1. Follow arrangements for the safe use and disposal of sharps; 2. provision of information and training to employees; 3. investigations and actions required in response to work related sharps injuries Dr. Mohammed Salah 19
Infection prevention and control (IPC) Lec 3.pptx

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Infection prevention and control (IPC) Lec 3.pptx

  • 1. INFECTION PREVENTION AND CONTROL (IPC) LECTURE III Standard Infection Control Precautions (SICPs) By Dr. Mohammed Salah Microbiology and Immunology Department Mail: mohammed_salah@Azhar.edu.eg Office: B19 Dr. Mohammed Salah 1
  • 2. Standard Infection Control Precautions (SICPs) elements 1. Patient Placement/Assessment Of Infection Risk 2. Hand Hygiene 3. Respiratory And Cough Hygiene 4. Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) 5. Safe Management Of The Care Environment 6. Safe Management Of Care Equipment 7. Safe Management Of Healthcare Linen 8. Safe Management Of Blood And Body Fluids 9. Safe Disposal Of Waste (Including Sharps) 10. Occupational Safety/Managing Prevention Of Exposure (Including Sharps) Dr. Mohammed Salah 2
  • 3. 8. Safe management of body fluid spillages Body fluids include: Blood Vomit Sputum Faeces and Urine Dr. Mohammed Salah 3 Spillages of blood and other body fluids may transmit blood borne viruses such as Hepatitis B and other.
  • 4. Important considerations: 1. Spillages must be treated immediately by trained staff, to undertake this safely. 2. Responsibilities for the treatment of blood/body fluid spills must be clear within each area/care setting. 3. Appropriate personal protective equipment (PPE) should be worn and standard infection control precautions followed. Dr. Mohammed Salah 4
  • 5. The five main steps in a safe management of body fluid spillages 1. Cordoon the spillage off 2. Assess the type of spillage 3. Collect the correct equipments 4. Protect yourself with PPE 5. Disinfect and clean Dr. Mohammed Salah 5
  • 6. Dealing with body fluids spillages Dr. Mohammed Salah 6 Disinfectant used: 1. Chlorine-based disinfection, e.g. Milton. 2. Hypochlorite tablets or granules can be used.
  • 7. Dr. Mohammed Salah 7 Method of disinfection 1. Protect the area 2. Clean hands and put on disposable apron and gloves (PPE) 3. Place solution or granules directly onto the spillage. Leave for the required contact time 20 minutes.. 4. Clear away the spillage and dispose of as infectious waste (for blood spillage) / offensive waste (for non blood spillage Dealing with body fluids spillages
  • 8. Dr. Mohammed Salah 8 Method of disinfection (cont.) 5. With pH neutral detergent and warm water and disposable cloth, clean the area, then leave to air dry or dry with paper towels. 6. Dispose of cloth and paper towels as infectious waste / offensive waste (for non blood spillage) 7. Wash, rinse and dry hands thoroughly to prevent the transmission of infection Dealing with body fluids spillages
  • 9. Dealing with blood/blood stained spillages
  • 10. 9. Safe disposal of waste (including sharps) Biohazard:- Viable micro- organisms or their toxins Contains a biologically active pharmaceutical agent Contain a sharps & blades Dr. Mohammed Salah 10 Hazard effects of healthcare (including clinical) waste:
  • 11. Categories of waste: Dr. Mohammed Salah 11
  • 12. Safe disposal of waste (including sharps) Important considerations: Always dispose of waste: a) immediately after used b) close to the point of use as possible; c) into the correct segregated colour approved waste bag or container (rigid container or sharps box if sharp) d) liquid waste, e.g. blood must be rendered safe by adding a polymer gel before placing in an orange lidded leak proof bin Dr. Mohammed Salah 12
  • 13. e) waste bags must be no more than 3/4 full and use a ratchet tag/or tape (for healthcare waste bags only) using a swan neck to close. f) store all waste in a designated, safe, lockable area while awaiting uplift. g) Items like used gloves, aprons, swabs, dressings and other non-sharps that are contaminated with blood and bodily fluids will need segregation. Dr. Mohammed Salah 13
  • 14. healthcare waste colour coding Dr. Mohammed Salah 14
  • 16. Safe management of sharps What are sharps? Sharps' are needles, blades and other instruments that are used in healthcare work and could cause an injury by cutting or pricking the skin. To make a safe handling of sharps:- Dr. Mohammed Salah 16
  • 17. First aid in case of sharps injury 1. Encourage the wound to gently bleed, ideally holding it under running water 2. Wash the wound using running water and plenty of soap 3. Don't scrub the wound while you are washing it 4. Don't suck the wound 5. Dry the wound and cover it with a waterproof plaster or dressing 6. Seek medical advice 7. Report the injury to your employer. Dr. Mohammed Salah 17
  • 18. 10. Occupational safety: Prevention of exposure (including sharps injuries) Dr. Mohammed Salah 18 Occupational Hazards are the problems that HCWs face due to their occupation 1. A percutaneous injury e.g. injuries from needles, instruments, bone fragments, or bites which break the skin; and/or 2. Exposure of broken skin (abrasions, cuts, eczema, etc); and/or 3. Exposure of mucous membranes including the eye from splashing of blood or other high risk body fluids.
  • 19. 10. Occupational safety: Prevention of exposure (including sharps injuries) Occupational health should aims to the promotion and maintenance of the highest degree of physical, mental, and social well being of all HCWs It includes:- 1. Follow arrangements for the safe use and disposal of sharps; 2. provision of information and training to employees; 3. investigations and actions required in response to work related sharps injuries Dr. Mohammed Salah 19