The document discusses education systems in several countries, including India, China, Egypt, the UK, and Australia. It provides information on factors like the levels of education, government oversight, attendance rates, student-teacher ratios, and education reforms in each country. For example, it notes that India's education system has three levels of control (central, state, local) and that the average student-teacher ratio has improved in recent decades.
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1. ISA ACTIVITY
BY:
GAURAV, JAYESH, JAINEET, DEVESH, HARSHITA
AND APOORVA
6. EDUCATION IN
INDIA…
Education in India is provided by the public sector
as well as the private sector, with control and
funding coming from three levels: central, state, and
local. The Nalanda University was the oldest
university-system of education in the world. Western
education became ingrained into Indian society with
the establishment of the British Raj.
7. Education in India falls under the control of both the Union
Government and the states, with some responsibilities lying with the
Union and the states having autonomy for others. The various articles
of the Indian Constitution provide for education as a fundamental
right. Most universities in India are controlled by the Union or the
State Government.
9. STUDENT-TEACHER
RATIO AND CLASS
STRENGTH
Right to education act (RTI) mandates an optimal
student teacher ratio of 30:1 for all Indian Schools. If
you believe the 2009-10 survey by District
Information System on Education (DISE), then the
current average student teacher ratio for primary
schools in India is 32. Not too bad, you would say.
In fact this number of has been improving over the
years starting with 47 in 1995 to 40 in 2000 and 34
in 2008. However, the averages hide the reality.
11. EDUCATION
IN CHINA
Education in the People's Republic of China is a state-run system of public education run
by the Ministry of Education. All citizens must attend school for at least nine years. The
government provides primary education for six time to time years, starting at age six or
seven, followed by six years of secondary education for ages 12 to 18. Some provinces may
have five years of primary school but four years for middle school. There are three years of
middle school and three years of high school. The Ministry of Education reported a 99
percent attendance rate for primary school and an 80 percent rate for both primary and
middle schools. In 1985, the government abolished tax-funded higher education, requiring
university applicants to compete for scholarships based on academic ability. In the early
1980s the government allowed the establishment of the first private schools.
12. International cooperation and education
exchanges increase every year. China has more
students studying abroad than any other
country; since 1979, there have been 697,000
Chinese students studying in 103 countries and
regions, of whom 185,000 have returned after
finishing their STUDIES. The number of
foreign STUDENTS studying in China has
also increased rapidly; in 2004, over 110,000
students from 178 countries were studying at
China's universities.
13. Student-Teacher ratio and Class Strength
The Pupil-teacher ratio; secondary in China was 15.72 in 2009, according to a World Bank report,
published in 2010. The Pupil-teacher ratio; secondary in China was reported at 15.99 in 2008,
according to the World Bank. Secondary school pupil-teacher ratio is the number of pupils enrolled
in secondary school divided by the number of secondary school teachers (regardless of their teaching
assignment).This page includes a historical data chart, news and forecasts for Pupil-teacher ratio;
secondary in China. China's economy is the second largest in the world after that of the United States.
During the past 30 years China's economy has changed from a centrally planned system that was
largely closed to international trade to a more market-oriented that has a rapidly growing private
sector. A major component supporting China's rapid economic growth has been exports growth.
15. EDUCATION IN Egypt has made significant progress towards
achieving the Education for All (EFA) and
EGYPT the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs),
particularly in expanding access to basic education,
and closing the gap between boys’ and girls’
enrolment. Egypt has attained a school net
enrolment rate of 95.4% . Despite this overall
progress, socio-economic, geographical factors and
gender disparities continue to affect access to
primary education. The percentage of children
between the age 6-18 years who never enrolled or
who have dropped out of basic education is 14.7%,
equivalent to around 3 million children . Most of
these children come from poor families; live in
remote rural communities; are working children,
and children with disabilities. In addition, gross
enrolment rates for girls are generally lower than
those of boys in primary school and gender gap is
2.8% in favor of boys at the national level
16. Gender gaps especially in rural Upper Egypt ranges between 1.2% (Aswan
Governorate) to 11.2% (Assist Governorate)3 and remain an important
challenge towards achieving universal primary education. The pre-school
education system, where children are prepared physically, socially and
cognitively for the rest of their education, is underdeveloped and is mainly an
urban phenomenon. About 21% of children are enrolled in pre-schools, which
is far from the national goal of 60% enrolment. In addition, the quality of
education remains a major challenge that hinders the capacity of children to
develop to their full potential
17. Student Teacher Educationists have often stressed on the
low student teacher ratio set-ups. The
Ratio and Class higher the ratio the lesser is the focus
Strength received by individual pupil. For
example, a classroom with 50 students
and just one teacher would mean the
teacher-student ratio of 1:50 – one
teacher for 50 students. Since a single
teacher has to educate 50 students
collectively, the treatment received by
anyone would be little.
19. EDUCATION IN
UK
Education in England is overseen by
the Department for Education and the Department
for Business, Innovation and Skills. Local
authorities(LAs) take responsibility for
implementing policy for public education and state
schools at a regional level.
The education system is divided into nursery (ages
3–4), primary education (ages 4–11), secondary
education (ages 11–18) and tertiary education (ages
18+).
20. Full-time education is compulsory for all children aged between 5 and 16,
with a child beginning primary education during the school year he or she
turns 5. Students may then continue their secondary studies for a further two
years (sixth form), leading most typically to A-level qualifications, although
other qualifications and courses exist, including Business and Technology
Education Council (BTEC) qualifications, the International
Baccalaureate (IB) and the Cambridge Pre-U. The leaving age for
compulsory education was raised to 18 by the Education and Skills Act 2008.
The change will take effect in 2013 for 16-year-olds and 2015 for 17-year-
olds. State-provided schooling and sixth form education is paid for by taxes.
England also has a tradition of independent schooling, but parents may
choose to educate their children by any suitable means.
21. STUDENT-TEACHER
RATIO AND CLASS
STRENGTH
PUPIL TO TEACHER AND PUPIL TO ADULT RATIOS
– The within school pupil to teacher ratios in local authority maintained
primary and secondary schools were 21.0 and 15.5 respectively
(compared to 20.9 and 15.6 in November 2010). The change may be
due to the increasing number of primary school pupils and a reduction
in secondary school pupils. Direct comparisons are difficult due to the
number of schools that have converted to academy status during the
year. The pupil to teacher ratio in academies was 16.0 compared to
15.9 in November 2011. This change is due in part to the increase in
the proportion of primary academies that tend to have a higher pupil
to teacher ratio.
22. The overall pupil to teacher ratio was 17.6 compared to 17.3 in November 2010. The Local
Authority Maintained Overall PTR has increased in part because the proportion of
secondary school pupils and teachers included in this figure has decreased as more schools have
converted to academy status.
The pupil to adult ratios in local authority maintained primary and secondary schools was
11.9 and 10.9 respectively
25. EDUCATION IN
AUSTRALIA
Education in Australia is primarily the responsibility
of the states and territories. Each state or territory
government provides funding and regulates the public
and private schools within its governing area.
The federal government helps fund the public
universities, but is not involved in setting
curriculum. Generally, education in Australia follows
the three-tier model which includes primary
education (primary schools), followed by secondary
education (secondary schools/high schools) and tertiary
education (universities and/or TAFE colleges).
26. The Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA) 2006 evaluation ranked the
Australian education system as sixth for reading, eighth for science and thirteenth for mathematics, on a
worldwide scale including 56 countries. The PISA 2010 evaluation ranked the Australian education
system as sixth for reading, seventh for science and ninth for mathematics, an improvement relative to
the 2006 rankings.
The Education Index, published with the UN's Human Development Index in 2008, based on data
from 2006, lists Australia as 0.993, amongst the highest in the world, tied for first
with Denmark and Finland.
Education in Australia is compulsory between the ages of five and fifteen to seventeen, depending on the
state or territory, and date of birth.Post-compulsory education is regulated within the Australian
Qualifications Framework, a unified system of national qualifications in schools, vocational education
and training (TAFE) and the higher education sector (university).
28. According to Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) statistics, in
secondary schools world-wide:
average class size is 24 students
student/teacher ratio is 11.75.
Victorian schools are equal or better. In Victorian secondary schools this year:
average class size is 21.6 students
student/teacher ratio is 11.8.