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Layers of the atmosphere

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ShelleyLWade0621

The atmosphere is divided into five main layers - troposphere, stratosphere, mesosphere, thermosphere, and exosphere. The troposphere is where weather occurs and contains around 80% of the atmosphere's mass. The stratosphere is above the troposphere and contains the ozone layer. Temperature decreases with increasing altitude in the troposphere but increases in the upper stratosphere due to ozone.

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Layers of the Atmosphere
Layers of the Atmosphere • The atmosphere is the layer of gases that surrounds the planet and makes conditions on Earth suitable for living things.
Layers of the Atmosphere • Earth’s atmosphere is divided into several different atmospheric layers extending from Earth’s surface outward.
Layers of the Atmosphere • The troposphere is where all the weather occurs. • It is the closest layer to Earth’s surface. • It is the layer we live in.
Layers of the Atmosphere • The stratosphere is located directly above the troposphere. • This is where the ozone layer is.
Layers of the Atmosphere • The next layer up is the mesosphere, followed by the thermosphere, and then the exosphere.
Layers of the Atmosphere Space Exosphere Thermosphere Mesosphere Stratosphere (Ozone Layer) Troposphere (Weather, Life) Earth’s Surface
Atmospheric Gases Nitrogen 78.1% & Oxygen 12.9% • These are the two most common gases found in the atmosphere. • They can be found throughout all the layers.
Atmospheric Gases Ozone • Ozone is a form of oxygen • It is only found in the stratosphere
Atmospheric Gases Water Vapor & Carbon Dioxide (CO2) • These are important gases for weather conditions. • They are found in the troposphere where weather occurs. Trace Gases • These gases are unimportant and found in small amounts throughout the layers of the atmosphere. • Example: argon
Photosynthesis sunlight Carbon dioxide + water glucose + absorbed by chlorophyll oxygen 6CO2 + 6H2O + energy → C6H12O6 + 6O2 As can be seen from the equation for photosynthesis, the wood, bark, and root came from water and carbon dioxide.
Plants in Action Check it! What is the process that uses the sun’s energy to make simple sugars?
Atmospheric Temperatures Differences in temperature are what separate each layer in the atmosphere from the one above and/or below it.
Atmospheric Temperatures Altitude Temperature In the troposphere: • As altitude increases, temperature decreases
Atmospheric Temperatures Altitude Temperature In the stratosphere: • The stratosphere is cold except in its upper Ozone Layer region where ozone is located.
Atmospheric Temperatures Altitude Temperature In the Mesosphere: • This is the COLDEST layer in the atmosphere.
Atmospheric Temperatures Altitude Temperature In the thermosphere: • Even though the air is thin in the thermosphere, it is very HOT.
Atmospheric Temperatures Altitude Temperature Beyond the thermosphere is the exosphere which leads into outer space where it is very cold, because there is little to no atmosphere to absorb the Sun’s heat energy.
Atmospheric Temperatures Temperature Altitude Outer Space Exosphere Thermosphere Mesosphere Stratosphere Troposphere Earth’s Surface
Atmospheric Pressure • Air pressure is the Altitude Air Pressure force exerted by the gases pushing on an object. • Air pressure is greatest near the surface of the Earth in the troposphere.
Solar Energy • Energy from the Sun is known as Solar Energy. • Solar energy is the driving energy source for heating Earth, and circulation in Earth’s atmosphere.
Solar Energy • Some of the Sun’s energy coming through Earth’s atmosphere is reflected by gases and/or clouds in the atmosphere.
Solar Energy • The land heats up and releases its heat fairly quickly. • Water needs to absorb lots of solar energy to warm up. • It is the water on Earth that helps to regulate the temperature range of Earth’s atmosphere.
Solar Energy • Solar energy that is absorbed by Earth’s land and water surfaces is changed to heat that moves/radiates back into the atmosphere (troposphere) where the heat cannot be transmitted through the atmosphere so it is trapped, a process known as the greenhouse effect.

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Layers of the atmosphere

  • 1. Layers of the Atmosphere
  • 2. Layers of the Atmosphere • The atmosphere is the layer of gases that surrounds the planet and makes conditions on Earth suitable for living things.
  • 3. Layers of the Atmosphere • Earth’s atmosphere is divided into several different atmospheric layers extending from Earth’s surface outward.
  • 4. Layers of the Atmosphere • The troposphere is where all the weather occurs. • It is the closest layer to Earth’s surface. • It is the layer we live in.
  • 5. Layers of the Atmosphere • The stratosphere is located directly above the troposphere. • This is where the ozone layer is.
  • 6. Layers of the Atmosphere • The next layer up is the mesosphere, followed by the thermosphere, and then the exosphere.
  • 7. Layers of the Atmosphere Space Exosphere Thermosphere Mesosphere Stratosphere (Ozone Layer) Troposphere (Weather, Life) Earth’s Surface
  • 8. Atmospheric Gases Nitrogen 78.1% & Oxygen 12.9% • These are the two most common gases found in the atmosphere. • They can be found throughout all the layers.
  • 9. Atmospheric Gases Ozone • Ozone is a form of oxygen • It is only found in the stratosphere
  • 10. Atmospheric Gases Water Vapor & Carbon Dioxide (CO2) • These are important gases for weather conditions. • They are found in the troposphere where weather occurs. Trace Gases • These gases are unimportant and found in small amounts throughout the layers of the atmosphere. • Example: argon
  • 11. Photosynthesis sunlight Carbon dioxide + water glucose + absorbed by chlorophyll oxygen 6CO2 + 6H2O + energy → C6H12O6 + 6O2 As can be seen from the equation for photosynthesis, the wood, bark, and root came from water and carbon dioxide.
  • 12. Plants in Action Check it! What is the process that uses the sun’s energy to make simple sugars?
  • 13. Atmospheric Temperatures Differences in temperature are what separate each layer in the atmosphere from the one above and/or below it.
  • 14. Atmospheric Temperatures Altitude Temperature In the troposphere: • As altitude increases, temperature decreases
  • 15. Atmospheric Temperatures Altitude Temperature In the stratosphere: • The stratosphere is cold except in its upper Ozone Layer region where ozone is located.
  • 16. Atmospheric Temperatures Altitude Temperature In the Mesosphere: • This is the COLDEST layer in the atmosphere.
  • 17. Atmospheric Temperatures Altitude Temperature In the thermosphere: • Even though the air is thin in the thermosphere, it is very HOT.
  • 18. Atmospheric Temperatures Altitude Temperature Beyond the thermosphere is the exosphere which leads into outer space where it is very cold, because there is little to no atmosphere to absorb the Sun’s heat energy.
  • 19. Atmospheric Temperatures Temperature Altitude Outer Space Exosphere Thermosphere Mesosphere Stratosphere Troposphere Earth’s Surface
  • 20. Atmospheric Pressure • Air pressure is the Altitude Air Pressure force exerted by the gases pushing on an object. • Air pressure is greatest near the surface of the Earth in the troposphere.
  • 21. Solar Energy • Energy from the Sun is known as Solar Energy. • Solar energy is the driving energy source for heating Earth, and circulation in Earth’s atmosphere.
  • 22. Solar Energy • Some of the Sun’s energy coming through Earth’s atmosphere is reflected by gases and/or clouds in the atmosphere.
  • 23. Solar Energy • The land heats up and releases its heat fairly quickly. • Water needs to absorb lots of solar energy to warm up. • It is the water on Earth that helps to regulate the temperature range of Earth’s atmosphere.
  • 24. Solar Energy • Solar energy that is absorbed by Earth’s land and water surfaces is changed to heat that moves/radiates back into the atmosphere (troposphere) where the heat cannot be transmitted through the atmosphere so it is trapped, a process known as the greenhouse effect.