LO 7/8
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Beat frequency occurs when two sounds waves of slightly different frequencies interfere. The beat frequency is calculated as the absolute value of the difference between the two sound wave frequencies. In the example provided, two tones of 230 Hz and 235 Hz are played together, resulting in a beat frequency of 5 Hz, calculated as the absolute value of 235 Hz - 230 Hz. While both Jessica and Simon used the correct formula, only Jessica accounted for the absolute value, making her answer correct. Beat frequencies above 30 Hz are heard as a tone, while those between 20-30 Hz are heard as beats. Lower beat frequencies down to 1 Hz can still be detected.
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The presentation "C-O, C-N and C-S Bond Formation Methods" delves into the pivotal role of carbon-heteroatom (C-O, C-N, C-S) bond formation in synthetic organic and medicinal chemistry, focusing on their significance in natural products and pharmaceuticals. It surveys key synthetic strategies, from historical methods like Williamson ether synthesis to advanced transition metal-catalyzed reactions such as Chan-Lam and Buchwald-Hartwig couplings, emphasizing their efficiency and practical applications. The discussion highlights the importance of these bonds in drug-receptor interactions and molecular synthesis, while addressing challenges and recent innovations in eco-friendly, cost-effective catalytic systems. The presentation concludes by affirming the enduring value of these reactions as essential tools for synthesizing diverse, critical compounds across agrochemical, pharmaceutical, and fine chemical industries.CH 1-1 The-Fascinating-World-of-Cell-Biology.pptx
CH 1-1 The-Fascinating-World-of-Cell-Biology.pptxDecodingBio
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CH 1-1 The-Fascinating-World-of-Cell-Biology.pptxCalf born With 2 head, 3 ear and 4 eye, Masha, SWE.pdf
Calf born With 2 head, 3 ear and 4 eye, Masha, SWE.pdfmelesemelkamu81
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I am pleased to submit a case report titled" Calf born with 2 head, 3 ear and 4 eye in Masha, south west Ethiopia and this type of case report is new in the area. we confirm that the case is original.First Frequency Phase Transfer from the 3mm to the 1mm Band on an Earth-sized...
First Frequency Phase Transfer from the 3mm to the 1mm Band on an Earth-sized...S辿rgio Sacani
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Frequency phase transfer (FPT) is a technique designed to increase coherence and sensitivity in radio interferometry by making use of the nondispersive nature of the troposphere to calibrate high-frequency data using solutions derived at a lower frequency. While the Korean very long baseline interferometry (VLBI) network has pioneered the use of simultaneous multiband systems for routine FPT up to an observing frequency of 130 GHz, this technique remains largely untested in the (sub)millimeter regime. A recent effort has been made to outfit dualband systems at (sub)millimeter observatories participating in the Event Horizon Telescope (EHT) and to test the feasibility and performance of FPT up to the observing frequencies of the EHT. We present the results of simultaneous dual-frequency observations conducted in 2024 January on an Earth-sized baseline between the IRAM 30-m in Spain and the James Clerk Maxwell Telescope (JCMT) and Submillimeter Array (SMA) in Hawaii. We performed simultaneous observations at 86 and 215GHz on the bright sources J0958+6533 and OJ287, with strong detections obtained at both frequencies. We observe a strong correlation between the interferometric phases at the two frequencies, matching the trend expected for atmospheric fluctuations and demonstrating for the first time the viability of FPT for VLBI at a wavelength of 1 millimeter. We show that the application of FPT systematically increases the 215 GHz coherence on all averaging timescales. In addition, the use of the colocated JCMT and SMA as a single dual-frequency station demonstrates the feasibility of paired-antenna FPT for VLBI for the first time, with implications for future array capabilities (e.g., Atacama Large Millimeter/ submillimeter Array subarraying and ngVLA calibration strategies).
chapter 2 Prepare for administration of medications.pdf
chapter 2 Prepare for administration of medications.pdfBerhe4
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Prepare for administration of medications
4.Abdominal cavity & Peritoneum splanchnology
4.Abdominal cavity & Peritoneum splanchnologymythi170320000
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Abdominal cand peritoneal cavity splanchnologyInsights to Narcotic Drugs by Urmila Nirmal
Insights to Narcotic Drugs by Urmila Nirmalurvi1504nirmal
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In this presentation get a glimpse of Narcotics and its types and investigative techniques, and examinations of Narcotics substances. 
APPLIED VETEINARY ANATOMy presentation in veterinary
APPLIED VETEINARY ANATOMy presentation in veterinarymythi170320000
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APPLIED VETEINARY ANATOMy presentation in veterinary
Maxwell's Law of Distribution of Molecular Velocities
Maxwell's Law of Distribution of Molecular VelocitiesProfessional Content Writing's
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This presentation explores Maxwell's Law of Distribution of Molecular Velocities, a fundamental principle in statistical mechanics and kinetic theory of gases. It provides a detailed overview of how molecular speeds in a gas vary at a given temperature, illustrating the probabilistic nature of molecular motion. The slides cover the mathematical formulation of the Maxwell-Boltzmann distribution, graphical interpretations, key velocity parameters (most probable, average, and root-mean-square speeds), and the effects of temperature and molecular mass. This resource is ideal for students and educators in physical chemistry and physics seeking a clear understanding of gas behavior at the molecular level.
About Author:
Noor Zulfiqar is an award-winning chemist, Premium member of American Chemical Society (ACS), certified publisher & peer reviewer, and an experienced academic lecturer. As a professional content creator, she offers top-tier presentation design, research writing, and scientific content development services. Her multidisciplinary expertise spans computational science, chemistry, nanotechnology, environmental studies, socio-economics, human resource management, life sciences, engineering management, medical and pharmaceutical sciences, and business, her work ensures clarity, creativity, and academic excellence. Her services are ideal for those seeking impactful, visually compelling content tailored to diverse academic and research needs.
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Email: professionalwriter94@outlook.com
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Website: https://professional-content-writings.jimdosite.comGlymphatic system dysfunction and neurodegeneration
Glymphatic system dysfunction and neurodegenerationKanakChaudhary10
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Glymphatic system dysfunction and neurodegeneration
and its other factors
際際滷 1: Clearing the Brains Waste
際際滷 2: Anatomy of the Glymphatic System
際際滷 3: Role in Neurotoxic Protein Clearance
際際滷 4: Glymphatic Dysfunction in Alzheimers
際際滷 5: Link to Traumatic Brain Injury
際際滷 6: Mechanisms of Glymphatic Impairment
際際滷 7: Imaging Glymphatic Function
際際滷 8: Therapeutic Modulation Strategies
際際滷 9: Challenges in Glymphatic Research
際際滷 10: Future Directions for Glymphatic Therapies
Atropisomerism in Drug Discovery -Medicinal Chemistry
Atropisomerism in Drug Discovery -Medicinal ChemistryVinayak Khairnar
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The presentation focuses on atropisomerism, a type of stereoisomerism arising from restricted rotation around a bond axis due to steric hindrance or electronic factors, with applications in pharmaceutical compounds like KRAS inhibitors for lung cancer treatment. It covers the definition, energy of activation, nomenclature for assigning configurations, and catalyst-controlled stereoselective synthesis, emphasizing the time-dependent chirality and its potential impact if not properly managed. The content includes references to key studies and highlights ongoing challenges in achieving high enantiomeric excess in atropisomer-selective oxidative coupling reactions.Class 7 Ch 1, Quiz 1 on nutrition in plants
Class 7 Ch 1, Quiz 1 on nutrition in plants090kartiksharma
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Nutrtion in plants, photosynthesis and digestion
LO 7/8
- 2. Interference of two sound waves with slightly different frequencies The sound of the beat is from the increase and decrease in amplitude as a function of time What is a Beat?
- 3. What is Beat Frequency? the rate of beats or the number of beats per second difference between the frequency of two interacting sound waves
- 5. fb = beat frequency f2 = frequency of one wave f1 = frequency of the other wave Formula to Calculate Beat Frequency fb = | f2 - f1 | Equal to the difference between the absolute value of the frequencies of two interacting waves Units: Hertz (Hz) - translates to beats per second
- 6. Jessica and Simon both answer the following question: A tone of 230 Hz and 235 Hz are played at the same time. What is the beat frequency? Their work is shown below: Question 1: How do you calculate the beat frequency? Whos calculations are correct? Jessicas, Simons or both? Explain why. Jessica fb = | f2 - f1 | = |235 Hz - 230 Hz| = 5 Hz Simon fb = | f1 - f2 | = |230 Hz - 235 Hz| = - 5 Hz
- 7. Jessica is correct with her answer of 5 Hz Simons equation was still correct as he made the correct substitutions for the f1 and f2 His mistake was that he did not account for the absolute value in his final answer. o It is impossible for frequency to be negative it is considered to be beats per second. Thus, the value can only be a positive quantity. Solution
- 8. You will hear beats when two or more sounds have a beat frequency of 20-30 Hz You will hear a tone when two or more sounds have a beat frequency greater than 30 Hz The greater the beat frequency, the easier it is to hear the beats It is fairly easy to detect beat frequencies as low as 1 Hz Detecting Beat Frequencies
- 9. If two waves have a beat frequency of 0.5 Hz and two other waves have a beat frequency of 15 Hz, which modulation would you detect first? Question 2: Speed in Different Mediums
- 10. You would detect the 15 Hz beat frequency first as it is greater than 0.5 Hz. A greater difference in the frequencies of two waves makes it easier for humans to hear beats. Note: When there is a large difference between beat frequencies, you begin to hear the sound of the beats. This is why string instruments are tuned so that the frequency can be adjusted until the beating is minimized. Solution
- 11. Askill, John, Dr. "Physics of Music Chapter 3 by Dr. John Askill." Physics of Music Chapter 3 by Dr. John Askill. N.p., n.d. Web. 16 Mar. 2015. <http://fiziks.net/Music%20Sample%20Chapter%20Three/musicsamplechapter3.htm>. "Beats." Beat Frequencies. N.p., n.d. Web. 16 Mar. 2015.<http://hyperphysics.phy- astr.gsu.edu/hbase/sound/beat.html>. "Beats." Beats. Michigan Tech, n.d. Web. 16 Mar. 2015. <http://www.phy.mtu.edu/~suits/beats.html>. Hawkes, Robert. Physics for Scientists and Engineers: An Interactive Approach. Toronto: Nelson Education, 2014. Print. Citations