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Local controllers

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Kamal Chellappan

This document discusses different control methods for local controllers in microgrids, including hierarchical, consensus, decentralized, and networked control. It describes the basic structure of hierarchical control and its inner, primary, secondary, and tertiary layers. Consensus control aims to reach agreement between agents through information sharing. Decentralized control uses local measurements to control interfaces and guarantee stability. Networked control uses a real-time network in its feedback loop. The document also covers communication technologies, standards, issues, and techniques for microgrid control.

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Kamal C kamalc1997@gmail.com Application No 64ed0e14e78b11e991174b277ecc527d
LOCAL CONTROLLERS
Basic Structure
Control Methods Hierarchical Control Consensus Control Decentralized Control Networked Control
Hierarchical Control
Contd. Inner Layer The function of this layer is to determine the operating state of DER units. Primary Controller Primary control aims at dealing with controlling and sharing power between DERs. Primary control will send the setting values for inner control. Two Methods: Droop based methods and Non droop based methods.
Contd Secondary Control: Secondary control has responsibilities for both the reliable and economical operation of the MG. The function of secondary control is only to eliminate the deviations of frequency and voltage amplitude created by primary control. Tertiary Control: The tertiary control is more related to economic optimization, based on energy prices and electricity market and it decides the import or export of energy for the MG.
Consensus Control Consensus among a group of agents or subsystems means to arrive at a certain agreement concerning a particular value or quantity that is dependent on the states of every agent. A consensus algorithm or protocol is a rule that explains the interaction between an agent and its surrounding subsystems enclosed in the network. Management of the shared information between the agents is a very critical issue that has to be resolved in order to carry out coordination among the subsystems.
Decentralized control Because of the distributed nature of the system, these interfaces need to be controlled on the basis of local measurements only. Issues Interfaces should share the total load (linear or nonlinear) in a desired way. Decentralized control based on local measurement should guarantee stability on a global scale. Inverter control should prevent any DC voltage offsets on the microgrid. Inverter control should actively damp oscillations between the output filters.
Networked Control A control system consisting of a real-time network in its feedback can be termed a networked control system.
Basic MG Architecture
Communication Layer Technologies For MG Communication: LAN(Local Area Network) FAN(File Area Network) WAN(Wire Area Network)
Different Technologies and Standards
Issues in Control Interoperability Issues Reliability Issues Security Issues
Need for Control Techniques Communication based control. Time Variance and Topological changes. Low inertia and stability issues due to new components.
Techniques/Algorithms
Conclusion

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Local controllers

  • 1. Kamal C kamalc1997@gmail.com Application No 64ed0e14e78b11e991174b277ecc527d
  • 4. Control Methods Hierarchical Control Consensus Control Decentralized Control Networked Control
  • 6. Contd. Inner Layer The function of this layer is to determine the operating state of DER units. Primary Controller Primary control aims at dealing with controlling and sharing power between DERs. Primary control will send the setting values for inner control. Two Methods: Droop based methods and Non droop based methods.
  • 7. Contd Secondary Control: Secondary control has responsibilities for both the reliable and economical operation of the MG. The function of secondary control is only to eliminate the deviations of frequency and voltage amplitude created by primary control. Tertiary Control: The tertiary control is more related to economic optimization, based on energy prices and electricity market and it decides the import or export of energy for the MG.
  • 8. Consensus Control Consensus among a group of agents or subsystems means to arrive at a certain agreement concerning a particular value or quantity that is dependent on the states of every agent. A consensus algorithm or protocol is a rule that explains the interaction between an agent and its surrounding subsystems enclosed in the network. Management of the shared information between the agents is a very critical issue that has to be resolved in order to carry out coordination among the subsystems.
  • 9. Decentralized control Because of the distributed nature of the system, these interfaces need to be controlled on the basis of local measurements only. Issues Interfaces should share the total load (linear or nonlinear) in a desired way. Decentralized control based on local measurement should guarantee stability on a global scale. Inverter control should prevent any DC voltage offsets on the microgrid. Inverter control should actively damp oscillations between the output filters.
  • 10. Networked Control A control system consisting of a real-time network in its feedback can be termed a networked control system.
  • 12. Communication Layer Technologies For MG Communication: LAN(Local Area Network) FAN(File Area Network) WAN(Wire Area Network)
  • 14. Issues in Control Interoperability Issues Reliability Issues Security Issues
  • 15. Need for Control Techniques Communication based control. Time Variance and Topological changes. Low inertia and stability issues due to new components.