Lsa 060715 final
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This document summarizes a research project examining varying local approaches to implementing Deferred Action for Childhood Arrivals (DACA). The researchers conducted over 100 interviews with stakeholders like government agencies, non-profits, and DACA recipients in cities like New York City, San Francisco, San Jose, and Houston. They found differences in how localities funded outreach and legal services, with some providing millions and others providing no funding. Non-profits collaborated differently in each location to maximize limited resources and provide holistic legal services. The researchers propose continuing this work to better understand state involvement and the experiences of underserved communities.
Lsa 060715 final
- 1. An Institutional Examination of Varying Local Approaches to Implementing DACA Shannon Gleeson (ILR, Cornell) Els de Graauw (Baruch College, CUNY) 1
- 2. What Is DACA? BENEFITS Temporary relief from deportation Work authorization (in some states: in-state tuition, Medical edibility, & other benefits) REQUIREMENTS Arrive <16, Age<31 on 6/15/12 Proof of identity & continuous presence 6/15/07 to 6/15/12 Proof of educational requirement (graduated or enrolled in HS/GED) No felony/significant or 3+ misdemeanors $465 2 yr. renewal, possible advanced parole 2
- 3. Existing DACA Research Demographic Trends o National Undacamented Youth Survey (Gonzales, Terriquez, Ruszczyk) o National Survey of Undocumented Millennials (Wong et al., FitzGerald, Ramakrishnan) o MPI (Capps, Rosenblum, Bachmeier) Social Movements o Chen, Negron-Gonzales, Seif, Abrego, Terriquez, Chavez, Pallares, Flores-Gonzalez Legal and Political Analysis o Center for American Progress, Pew Charitable Trusts o Warren & Kerwin, Olivas Effects of DACA o Education (Teranishi, Suarez-Orozco, Suarez-Orozco, Perez) o Health (Brindis et al.) Local Variation o Silver & Cebulko, Sexsmith & Dudley, Singer & Svajlenka (Brookings) 3
- 4. Government Bureaucracies as Rights Interpreters and Rights Adjudicators 4
- 5. Civil Society Organizations as Rights Intermediaries and Rights Mobilizers 5 Advocacy Mobilizing Service
- 7. 7 Field of DACA Implementation DACA Legal Service Providers Schools & Other Agencies Foreign Consulate Foundations Immigrant Rights Groups Unions Local Elected Officials
- 8. Research Questions How do regions vary in their implementation of DACA? How have a range of local stakeholders integrated DACA into their mission and programming, and resource allocation? What are the range of coalitions and partnerships that have emerged around the implementation of DACA in each region? 8
- 9. Methodological Approach Comparative Case Study (central city v. suburbs/rural) San Francisco/San Jose Greater Houston New York City Focus Groups 10 UCSC & 13 Baruch students Stakeholder Interviews (100 to date) STATE & LOCAL GVT: city officials, school districts, consulates CIVIL SOCIETY: CBOs, unions, legal service providers INDIVIDUAL BENEFICIARIES: DACA recipients (PENDING) 9
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- 13. Government Officials & Institutions NYC MOIA $18 million DYCD $1 million NYC DOE SAN FRANCISCO OCEIA DreamSF Program $350,000 $500,000 $10 million SAN JOSE IRIS $1.8 million Measure A emergency funds HOUSTON OIC/MOIRA No funding response 2012 U of H free speech zones 13
- 14. Legal Service Providers Division of Labor (Criminal, U/T-visas, SIJS) Outreach to non-Spanish speakers? Varying importance of private immigration bar Efforts to prevent notario scams Use of BIA accredited reps 14
- 15. Other Nonprofit Organizations & Student/DREAMer Groups 15
- 16. Who Is Funding DACA? State/City/County Support Private Funders Community foundations Family foundations Anonymous donors Key Conveners New Americans campaign Grantmakers Concerned with Immigrants and Refugees Other IOLTA accounts Service fees Loans 16
- 17. Outreach Dynamics WHAT NEEDS SUPPORT 1. Outreach & Community Education 2. Document Prep 3. Legal Service/Application Assistance CHALLENGES/DEBATES Whose responsibility? What should the fee structure be? How to screen for holistic relief? Utility of 1:1 client-attorney How to maximize limited resources How to court funders/pitch DACA? Should we fund renewals? 17
- 18. When and How Do Advocates Collaborate? NYC Dept. of Youth and Children Services NYCT grantees SAN FRANCISCO Bay Area DACA Collaborative SFILEN Ready Bay Area Ready California SAN JOSE SCC Citizenship Collaborative SCC Deferred Action Network SCC for Comp. Immig. Reform SBLISN CLARO HOUSTON Houston Immigration Legal Services Collaborative 18
- 19. Lessons for Admin. Relief What role will localities play? Mayoral Offices, School Boards, Adult Education, DMV How to reach underserved communities Non-Spanish speakers Older, Criminal Bars, Educational Requirement Suburban/Rural Best practices for outreach and service provision oTargeted v. Holistic 19
- 20. Future Directions for Research Target: o200 interviews with organizations o100 interviews with individual immigrants More focus on state agencies Chicago as additional case study Ongoing research on immigrant integration oMayoral offices (de Graauw) oConsular offices (Gleeson) 20
Editor's Notes
- Factors driving Making Rights Real (Epp 2010) Policy directives Political leaning of voters & officials Agency missions & bureaucratic norms Non-governmental advocacy groups
- Challenge of initial funding Renewals not fundable
- BPSOS = 180 DACA applicants they helped, 2 were Asian.