Manuel roxas
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Manuel Roxas was the first president of the independent Third Philippine Republic after the country gained independence from the US in 1946. He faced many challenges as the country recovered from the devastation of WWII, including ruined farms and factories, bombed infrastructure, high unemployment, and a weakened education system. His policies focused on reviving the economy through increased production and employment, with assistance from US financial organizations. However, some of the agreements he signed, such as the Bell Trade Act and Parity Amendment, curtailed Philippine sovereignty by granting Americans equal rights to exploit the country's resources.
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Manuel a roxas
Manuel a roxasOlhen Rence Duque
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Manuel Roxas served as the 5th President of the Philippines and the 1st President of the Third Republic from 1946 to 1948. He held several important political positions prior, including Speaker of the House. As president, his priorities included national reconstruction, relief efforts, and social reforms. However, some of his policies, such as agreements that benefited the US more than the Philippines, were controversial and faced opposition. Roxas' term as president was cut short when he suffered a fatal heart attack in 1948.Elpidio quirino
Elpidio quirinoEzling Basinga
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Elpidio Quirino was the second president of the Philippines, holding office from 1948 to 1953. He had a long career of public service before becoming president, including as a representative, senator, and secretary of finance and interior. As president during the Huk rebellion, he granted amnesty to Huk guerrillas but agrarian reforms proved insufficient. Quirino supported various industrial and infrastructure projects but was unpopular due to corruption and losing the 1953 election to Ramon Magsaysay.President of the philippines
President of the philippinesJulius Jose
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This document provides biographical information and summaries of the presidencies of several leaders of the Philippines:
- Emilio Aguinaldo was the first president during the short-lived First Republic from 1899-1901.
- Manuel Roxas was the first president of the independent Third Republic from 1946-1948 and focused on rehabilitation after WWII.
- Elpidio Quirino was president from 1948-1953 and dealt with issues like the Huk rebellion and economic problems.
- Ramon Magsaysay was president from 1953-1957 and made reforms helping the masses while stopping the Huk rebellion. However, he died in a plane crash before finishing his term.Carlos Garcia administration
Carlos Garcia administrationJeric De Vera
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A Filipino politician was born on November 4, 1896 in Talibon, Bohol. He studied law at the Philippine Law School and married Leonila Dimayuga, with whom he had a daughter named Linda. The politician passed away on June 14, 1971 in Quezon City.Roxas administration (DBS-Manila)
Roxas administration (DBS-Manila)Romina Zaballero
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Manuel Roxas was the first President of the independent Third Philippine Republic from 1946 to 1948. His priorities included industrializing the Philippines and maintaining close cooperation with the US. However, his administration faced issues like graft and corruption and failing to end the communist Huk insurgency.
Elpidio Quirino was the second President from 1948 to 1953. His goals were economic reconstruction and restoring public faith in government. However, his administration struggled with continued graft and corruption as well as rising unemployment and inflation.
Ramon Magsaysay, the third President from 1953 to 1957, is known as the "President of the Masses." He helped defeat the Huks and restored confidence in government throughMartial Law years and Fourth Republic
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During the Martial Law years from 1972-1981, President Marcos issued Proclamation 1081 placing the Philippines under martial law, citing threats from communists and anti-Marcos demonstrations. He arrested opposition leaders and activists and established a constitutional convention to frame a new constitution concentrating power in the presidency. Some achievements included educational reforms but he also censored media. After lifting Martial Law in 1981, Marcos retained power through a controversial election in 1986 and the assassination of opponent Ninoy Aquino. Large protests erupted after the disputed election results, leading to Marcos' exile and Corazon Aquino's induction as president.Carlos P. Garcia Biography by Moriset Tan
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Carlos P. Garcia was the 8th President of the Philippines. He was born in Bohol and pursued education in Bohol, Cebu, and Manila. Garcia entered politics in 1925 as a representative in Bohol and later served as governor of Bohol and a senator. He became vice president in 1953 and assumed the presidency in 1957 after Ramon Magsaysay's death. As president, Garcia emphasized the "Filipino First Policy" to promote Philippine economic independence. He died in 1971 while serving as president of the Constitutional Convention.The Marcos Administration
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Ram坦n Magsaysay achieved improvements across social, economic, and political aspects as president of the Philippines. Socially, he oversaw the repair and construction of infrastructure like roads and bridges, established social security systems, and promoted national integration. Economically, he addressed landlord-tenant disputes, expanded agricultural services and credit, and organized development groups. Politically, he enacted anti-subversion and land reform laws, and involved the Philippines in regional security organizations.elpidio quirino
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Elpidio Quirino was the 6th president of the Philippines and 2nd president of the Third Philippine Republic. He served from 1948 to 1953. Some key facts about Quirino include that he was a lawyer and held several positions including senator and secretary of finance and interior before becoming vice president and then president. As president, some of Quirino's goals were the reconstruction of the country, rehabilitation of the economy, and restoring faith in the government. However, his administration struggled with issues like graft, corruption, poverty, and the Huk rebellion. He lost reelection in 1953 to Ramon Magsaysay.Philippine Organic Act (1902)
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Ito ay isang handout para sa aralin o paksang tungkol sa Cooper Act o Philippine Organic Act of 1902. Ito ay isinulat ni Henry Cooper. Dito din matatagpuan ang mga probisyong nakapaloob sa Philippine Organic Act of 1902.Fidel Ramos 2
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We are students from OLFU, QC. Taking up Bachelor of Science Major in Biology and BS Marketing.
Hope you enjoy watching it! Have fun learning!SergioOsmena
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Elpidio Quirino
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This document summarizes the economic programs and policies of Philippine presidents from Manuel Roxas to Benigno Aquino III. It outlines the rehabilitation efforts under Roxas after WWII, the import substitution strategy under Quirino to develop local industries, the land reform acts under Magsaysay and Macapagal to assist farmers, and the various socioeconomic programs pursued by subsequent presidents like Ramos, Estrada, Arroyo, and Aquino to promote development, generate revenues, and improve people's welfare. It also provides pointers for reviewing key economic concepts, thinkers, resources, and the history of the Philippine economy.THE SECOND REPUBLIC
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The document summarizes the history of the Third Republic of the Philippines from 1946-1969. It describes the turbulent conditions following independence, including graft, corruption, and unrest. It outlines the American aid that stabilized the country and the conditions of that aid, including military bases. It discusses the various presidents and their policies, including Roxas, Magsaysay's anti-Huk campaign, Garcia's "Filipino First" policy, Macapagal's land reform, and Marcos' election promising increased agricultural production and land reform.HISTORY 4.pptx
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This document provides an overview of land ownership and agrarian reform policies in Philippine history from the pre-colonial era through present day. It discusses the major issues and legislation around land ownership and reform under periods of Spanish rule, American rule, Japanese occupation, and different Philippine presidents. The overall purpose is to analyze social, political, economic, and cultural issues in Philippine history through the lens of land ownership and agrarian reform.More Related Content
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We are students from OLFU, QC. Taking up Bachelor of Science Major in Biology and BS Marketing.
Hope you enjoy watching it! Have fun learning!SergioOsmena
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Sergio Osme単a was a Filipino politician who served as the 4th President of the Philippines from 1944 to 1946. He was previously the Vice President under Manuel Quezon. As President, he oversaw the Philippines during World War II and continued the fight for independence after the war. Osme単a co-founded the Nacionalista Party and served in the House of Representatives, Senate, and as Governor of Cebu prior to becoming Vice President and later President.Elpidio Quirino
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The document summarizes the history of the Third Republic of the Philippines from 1946-1969. It describes the turbulent conditions following independence, including graft, corruption, and unrest. It outlines the American aid that stabilized the country and the conditions of that aid, including military bases. It discusses the various presidents and their policies, including Roxas, Magsaysay's anti-Huk campaign, Garcia's "Filipino First" policy, Macapagal's land reform, and Marcos' election promising increased agricultural production and land reform.HISTORY 4.pptx
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The document summarizes the history of the Philippines from 1946 to 1987, covering the Third, Fourth, and Fifth Philippine Republics. It discusses the key events and leaders of each period. The Third Republic was established in 1946 with independence from the US. The Fourth Republic began in 1981 under Ferdinand Marcos' martial law rule. The Fifth Republic emerged in 1987 with the new constitution following the People Power Revolution and Corazon Aquino's presidency.Political Development of the Presidents from Roxas to Marcos (1946-1986)
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This document provides a summary of topics covered in a module on Philippine history and government from 1946-1973. It outlines the administrations of 10 Philippine presidents during this period and highlights some of their key political and economic achievements. It also discusses the 1973 constitution, the constitutional convention that drafted it, its ratification process, and some important amendments made to it. The summary focuses on the overall timeline and topics covered rather than delving into detail on any single administration or political event.HISTORY 4.pptx
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This document provides an overview of social, political, economic, and cultural issues in Philippine history related to agrarian reform and land ownership. It discusses policies and legislation around land reform from the pre-colonial era through Spanish colonial rule, the American colonial period, the Japanese occupation, and various administrations after independence. Key topics covered include the introduction of encomienda land grants under Spain, land legislation passed during the American period, agrarian reforms under different Philippine presidents, and the ongoing implementation of the Comprehensive Agrarian Reform Program.agrarian-reformaton sts college accountancy reviewer
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Reviewer for agrarian reform topic in stsChapter 12 & 13
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The document provides an overview of the Commonwealth period in the Philippines. It discusses key events and developments, including:
1) The OsRox mission which campaigned for independence and led to the passage of the Hare-Hawes-Cutting Act. This was rejected and replaced by the Tydings-McDuffie Act, which established the Philippine Commonwealth.
2) The establishment of the Commonwealth government and reforms implemented, such as the introduction of public education, social justice programs, and designating Tagalog as the national language.
3) The country's economic dependence on the U.S., with agriculture as the most important sector and the U.S. as the major trade partner. ThisThe Delano Grape Strike Begins September 8, 1965Global Even.docx
The Delano Grape Strike Begins September 8, 1965Global Even.docxtodd241
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The Delano Grape Strike Begins: September 8, 1965
Global Events: Milestone Events Throughout History.油2014.
COPYRIGHT 2014 Gale, Cengage Learning
From油U.S. History In Context.
Full Text:油
Key Facts
Global Context
Africa
The Mozambican War of Independence, fought by rebels in Mozambique against Portuguese colonial forces, begins in 1964.
Asia and Oceania
A massive purge of Communists begins in Indonesia in 1965, resulting in an estimated five hundred thousand deaths over the course of six months.
Central and South America
Just ten days before the Olympic Games are to be held in Mexico City in 1968, a government crackdown on student and civilian protesters results in the deaths of at least forty-four people in an event known as the Tlatelolco massacre.
Europe
The prime ministers of Northern Ireland and the Republic of Ireland, two nations with a long history of violent rivalry, meet in 1965 for the first time in over forty years.
Middle East
Faisal bin Abdulaziz Al Saud (19061975) is crowned king of Saudi Arabia in 1964. He institutes a variety of modernization policies that improve the Saudi economy.
North America
The Civil Rights Act of 1964 outlaws discrimination or segregation based on race or religion in the United States.
Key Figures
Political Leaders
Cesar Chavez (19271993), American labor leader.
Background
In the early years of the United States, most farming was done on small family farms. Harvest time required extra hands, but typically relatives, neighbors, and hired hands helped bring in the crops. Communities worked together to meet the needs of the labor-intensive harvest. Large-scale agriculture, supported by slavery, existed in the American South.
The demand for seasonal farm labor began in the United States as early as 1850. Throughout the country, farm production reached the point that producers required additional workers. In the Northeast, farm laborers were typically newly arrived immigrants, often of European descent. Former slaves, poor European Americans, and Native Americans did agricultural work in the postCivil War South. In the West, farm laborers were often immigrants from China, Japan, or Mexico. As early as 1903, Japanese and Mexican farm workers in the beet industry formed a labor association and went on strike for better wages. One Mexican worker was killed during a conflict between laborers and farmers, but the newly formed union achieved its demands. One of the keys to the unions success was that it drew together different cultural and ethnic groups that shared a common goal.
During the early twentieth century, urbanization and changes in farm production and technology increased the need for seasonal farm laborers. Numerous family farms were absorbed by large-scale agricultural facilities. At the same time, many people left rural areas for urban ones, and traditional farming skills were lost. Technological and chemical innovations, including machinery and pesticides, increased the cost and the productivit.Philippinesamerican colony
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The Philippines was an American colony from 1898 to 1946. After the Spanish-American War in 1898, Spain ceded control of the Philippines to the United States. The U.S. promised to train Filipinos in democracy and self-government to become an independent nation. From 1902 to 1934, the U.S. gradually granted more autonomy to the Philippines while developing its economy. A 1934 act assured independence within 10 years, leading to the establishment of the Philippine Commonwealth. However, Japan invaded the Philippines in 1941, until Allied forces returned in 1944. The Philippines finally became fully independent in 1946.CHAPTER 26: The Continuing Crisis
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Diosdado Macapagal was elected as the 9th President of the Philippines in 1961, defeating the incumbent Carlos Garcia. During his term, Macapagal implemented various socio-economic reforms aimed at alleviating poverty, including a land reform program. However, the land reform faced challenges in implementation. Macapagal shifted Philippine Independence Day from July 4 to June 12. In the 1965 election, Macapagal lost to Ferdinand Marcos in a bitter and expensive campaign.Guatemala Presentation
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Guatemala declared independence from Spain in 1821 but has experienced significant political instability since, including a long civil war. Poverty is widespread, with over half the population living below the national poverty line. A key factor contributing to Guatemala's problems has been the influence of foreign corporations like the United Fruit Company, which dominated the economy in the early 20th century and had ties to dictatorships in Guatemala. The country experienced a coup in 1954 supported by the U.S. to overthrow a government that threatened the United Fruit Company's land holdings. This led to decades of civil war and violence between guerrilla groups and the government/military. Though Guatemala now has democratic elections, it continues to struggle withManuel roxas
- 1. MANUEL ACUA ROXAS (May 28, 1946 April 15, 1948) Fifth President First President of the Independent Third Republic He was inaugurated on July 4, 1946, the day the U.S. Nacionalista (19191945) government granted political Liberal Party (1945- 1948) independence to its colony.
- 2. CAUSE WorldWar II just ended. Farms and factories were ruined. Bombed roads and bridges. 80% of the school buildings were ruined. Some Filipinos patronized American Gangsters EFFECT The country was paralyzed. Commerce was experiencing recession. Transport efficiency was down. Weakened the educational system. There was a crime rate hike.
- 3. Low Output Growth Production became low because farms and factories were ruined. Production of rice, sugar, coconuts, abaca, coconut oil, cigars, tobacco, gold and chrome, and manganese and lumber was put to a halt because of the destruction of manufacturing facilities. High Unemployment Rate Because businesses were closing, there were no more jobs available for people. Unemployment rates were rising at a fast pace.
- 4. Education severely weakened School buildings were destroyed and instruments to teach children were obliterated. Western Influences Policies done by Roxas were highly influenced by US officials. These policies mostly benefited the welfare of their country. Because of these influences allowed by the former president, the HUKBALAHAP movement still created immense riot and commotion in the country.
- 5. Economically, he wants to concentrate on production. He wants an income from exports to buy machines, hire technically skilled people, and buy food. He wants to revive the production of rice, sugar, coconuts, abaca, coconut oil, cigars, tobacco, gold and chrome, and manganese and lumber. For employment, he wants to give encouragement to Filipinos to participate in the new economy.
- 6. He believes that the foundation stone of national rehabilitation can be achieved by: feeding the hungry healing the sick caring for widows and orphans waging war against inflation and unemployment (by increasing higher wages and production)
- 7. He wants assistance from America and believes that the United States is the source of most finances of all these organizations. International Monetary and Rehabilitation Bank United Nations Relief and Rehabilitation Administration (for financial aid)
- 8. A new tenacy law will take effect and usury will be halted. Lands will be purchased by the Government and resold to tenants; new agricultural areas will be opened to settlement and modern method of agriculture will be taught. It is his aim to raise the status of the farm worker, to increase his earnings, to spread wide the benefits of modern technology. (Roxas, 1946)
- 9. In 1946, the US congress offered 800 million dollars as rehabilitation money in exchange for the ratification of the BellTrade Act. BellTrade Act The Philippine peso followed the US dollar currency. U.S. citizens and corporations were granted equal access to the natural resources of the country. a curtailment of Philippine sovereignty, virtual nullification of Philippine independence (1946, OSMEA)
- 10. March 14, 1947 -TheTreaty of General Relations was signed. Treaty of General Relations The proclamation of Philippine independence written by Pres. HarryTruman was read by Paul McNutt. an agreement on peace and amity between the US and the Philippines.
- 11. January 28, 1948 - GeneralAmnesty was given to all those arrested for conniving with Japan. March 11, 1947 - Parity Amendment was ratified. Parity Amendment It gave American citizens and corporations equal rights to Filipinos to utilize natural resources and operate public utilities.
- 12. TheTreaty of General Relations Both countries benefited Americans surrendered their rule over the country Military Bases Agreement became advantageous to the Americans. It allowed them to have US military bases in the country. 23 of those bases were leased for 99 years which means that they can leave the Philippine soil only by 2045.
- 13. General Amnesty Guerillas and people who served in key positions during the Japanese occupation may be reinstated in the government. BellTrade Act (Parity Amendment) As mentioned, Americans were given equal rights as Filipinos to exploit the countrys natural resources.