2. Electric charge
A charge particle is called an ion is an atom
with positive or negative charge.
When atom losses electron it become a
positively charged
When an atom gain electron it become
negatively charged.
The unit of charge is coulomb, represented by
C.
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Same charges repel each other.
Opposite charges attract each other.
The sum of identical positive and negative
quantities is zero (0).
The total charge of a closed system is
constant.
The universe is a closed system.
It is the law of conversation of charge.
4. Electric Current
The Rate of flow of electric charge is known
as electric current.
Represented by I.
The unit of current is Ampere.
The equation of current is
I=q/t
Where q is charge in coulombs and t is the
time in second.
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Current due positive charge is known is
conventional current.
Current due to negative charge is known as
electronic current.
It is the property of current when it Is passed
from a wire it will produce a magnetic field
around that wire from which it is passed.
6. Resistor and resistance
A resistor is an electrical component which
provide opposition to the flow of current.
Resistance is a measure of the opposition to
current flow in an electrical circuit.
The unit of resistance is ohm.
Represented by the greek letter omega(立).
7. Conductor and Insulator
Conductors: is a material that offers
low resistance or offers negligible
resistance to the flow of current.
Examples are Silver copper gold and
aluminum.
In Conductors electron can move
easily.
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Insulator: is a material that provide high
resistance to the flow of current.
Insulator restrict the flow of current.
Example of insulator is Rubber paper glass
wood and plastic.
Insulators are used in electrical equipment to
support and separate electrical conductors
without allowing current through
themselves.
9. Electric circuit
The path to the flow of current is known as
electric current.
The diagram for electric circuit is shown
below.
circuit diagram
11. Electric circuit
Ammeter: is a device which measure electric
current in a circuit.
Ammeter is connected in series with an
electric circuit.
Voltmeter: is a device which measure the
voltage in the electric circuit.
Voltmeter is connected in parallel.
12. Ohms law
This law states that:
potential difference(voltage)
Across and ideal conductor is proportional to
the current
Ohms law is given by
V = I R
Temperature should be constant.
14. Ohms law
The material which obey ohms law is known
as ohmic material.
Ohms law is not applicable in semiconductor
because when temperature is changed in
semiconductor their property also changed.
Through ohms law we can find voltage
current and resistance also.