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Online unlocker - an android app

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Aditya Undirwadkar

This Android App provides the functionality of physically operating locks (locking/unlocking) via Android device after an authentication process. The App makes use of location based tracking which stores users frequent locations and prevents users to operate locks from unknown locations. The app makes use of Raspberry PI to communicate instructions with the physical lock and a PHP web server as a middle-ware along with MySQL database as a storage.

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Remote?locks?for?homes/hotels?operable?by?a?smartphone.? Contents? Problem?Statement?.......................................................................................................................................?2? Project?Overview?...........................................................................................................................................?2? Extra?Feature:?................................................................................................................................................?3? a.? Location?based?unlocking:?.................................................................................................................?3? 1.? Server?:?..........................................................................................................................................?3? 2.? Android?Client:?..............................................................................................................................?3? 3.? Raspberry?PI:?.................................................................................................................................?3? Screenshots:?..................................................................................................................................................?4? Component?Details?.....................................................................................................................................?16? Server:?.....................................................................................................................................................?16? Server?Data?Flow?Diagrams:?................................................................................................................?16? Server?Classes:?....................................................................................................................................?19? Android?Client:?........................................................................................................................................?20? Android?Client¡¯s?Data?Flow?Diagrams:?................................................................................................?21? Android?Classes:?..................................................................................................................................?24? Android?User?Interface:?......................................................................................................................?25? Raspberry?Pi?Client:?.................................................................................................................................?26? Raspberry?PI?Classes:...........................................................................................................................?26? Mechanical:?.........................................................................................................................................?26? Mechanical?Parts©\List:?.........................................................................................................................?27? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?
Problem?Statement? Access?to?buildings?has?traditionally?been?protect?through?the?use?of?a?mechanical?lock?and?key.??Although? time?tested,?this?method?creates?several?problems.??The?first?is?need?for?the?key?itself?which?is?in?itself?an? additional?item?which?the?user?must?carry.??The?key?also?provides?a?single?point?of?failure?when?the?owner? inevitably?loses?the?key.? Additionally?mechanical?keys?and?locks?lack?the?intelligence?to?overcome?many?of?the?challenges?that?are? met?by?people?in?a?modern?society.? Project?Overview? To?overcome?the?limitations?of?a?mechanical?key/lock?system,?I?have?developed?a?network?aware?door? lock?system.??The?system?is?composed?of?four?components?as?shown?below?in?figure?one.??Three?of?the? components?are?connected?to?the?Internet?and?will?communicate?in?a?server?client?relationship?consisting? of?one?server,?one?android?based?client,?and?one?raspberry?pi?based?client?(here?to?for?referred?to?as? Android?Client?and?Raspberry?Pi?Client?respectively)?which?will?control?the?fourth?element?of?the?system? which?is?a?mechanical?door?lock.?The?primary?goal?of?the?project?is?to?allow?a?user?to?interface?with?the? android?client?and?determine?the?status?of?the?lock?(locked?or?unlocked)?from?any?point?on?earth?which? has?network?connectivity.??The?user?may?than?at?their?discretion?change?the?state?of?the?lock?i.e.?remotely? lock?or?unlock?the?door.? ? ? Figure?1.? ? Additionally,?functionality?has?been?added?to?the?Android?client?to?make?the?device?location©\wise?aware.?? In? this? way,? at? the? user¡¯s? discretion,? the? device? is? disabled? when? the? Android? client? is? more? than? a? predetermined?distance?from?the?Raspberry?Pi?client.??By?including?this?feature,?a?user?ensures?that?a? stolen?Android?device?will?be?unable?to?lock?or?unlock?the?target?lock?unless?the?malicious?user?is?in? possession?of?the?device?and?knows?its?location?as?well,?and?has?moved?within?the?predetermined?radius.? ?
Extra?Feature:? a. Location?based?unlocking:?This?feature?makes?sure?that?the?authorized?user?(not?owner)?is? at?the?geographical?location?near?the?door?so?that?that?person?can?unlock?the?door??This?way,?if? a?smart?phone?(belonging?to?an?authorized?user)?is?stolen,?it?cannot?be?used?to?unlock?unless?it? is?in?the?vicinity.?? i. Details:? 1. Server?:??The?server?gets?the?GPS?location?(Co©\?ordinates?)?from?the?Android?Client?and? checks?with?the?Raspberry?PI?Client?Co©\ordinates?if?the?Android?Device?is?in?the?vicinity? of?the?Raspberry?PI?then?only?the?Lock?is?Unlocked?else?no?operation?is?done.? 2. Android?Client:?The?Android?device?gets?the?GPS?location?of?the?device?and?sends?it?to? the?Server?so?that?the?server?can?check?with?the?Raspberry?PI?location?and?make?sure? that?the?device?is?with?in?the?vicinity.? 3. Raspberry?PI:??The?Co©\?ordinates?for?the?Raspberry?PI?or?obtained?by?using?the?PI?as?the? GPS?receiver.?So?that?we?can?know?the?exact?location?of?the?device?(Co©\?ordinates)?thus? we?can?use?this?co©\ordinates?to?check?with?the?Android?Device?(Co©\ordinates)?and? unlock?the?lock.? ?
Screenshots:? 1. Login?Screen:? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?
? 2. User?authentication?is?done?with?a?valid?username?and?password?combination:? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?
3. Validation?process?is?done?by?connecting?to?backend?server?that?stores?user?credentials:? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?
4. After?a?valid?combination?of?username?and?password,?user?is?then?redirected?to?a?page?which? displays?all?of?the?locks?that?have?been?linked?to?the?account:? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?
5. Locks?can?be?locked/unlocked?using?a?toggle?switch.?Application?periodically?updates?the? data?to?stay?updated?on?current?status?of?the?lock.?? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?
6. A?quick?way?to?edit?a?lock?details?is?to?touch?on?its?current?name.?User?can?set?current?place? as?an?additional?location?to?be?able?to?operate?on?a?lock?from?remote?place.? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?
7. A?prompt?screen?to?confirm?the?changes?is?then?displayed.? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?
8. If?the?current?location?is?within?the?proximity?of?500ft?of?physical?lock,?then?error?condition? will?be?raised.? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?
9. Otherwise,?current?location?can?then?be?used?to?operate?the?lock.? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?
10. If?the?user?is?within?the?vicinity?of?500ft?of?the?lock?or?in?the?authorized?location,?lock?can?be? locked/unlocked?right?from?the?mobile?app.? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?
11. If?the?user?is?trying?to?operate?on?the?lock?from?an?unknown?location.? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?
12. If?the?lock?is?not?reachable,?then?it?goes?in?offline?mode?if?the?system?cannot?receive?a? heartbeat?from?it?and?cannot?be?operated?until?it?becomes?online.? ?? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?
Component?Details? Server:?? The?Server?will?manage?requests?from?both?the?Android?Device?and?the?Raspberry?PI?to?lock/unlock? the?door©\lock.?The?server?will?have?a?back©\end?database?which?will?store?the?current?state?of?the?lock? and?will?act?depending?upon?the?state?of?the?door©\lock.? Server?will?have?a?multi©\threaded?environment.?Every?single?request?regardless?of?the?source?i.e.? Android?Cellphone?or?Raspberry?PI,?a?new?thread?will?be?created?to?process?the?complete?request? without?affecting?the?listening?capability?of?other?requests.?? ? Server?Data?Flow?Diagrams:? ii. An?Initial?request?from?Raspberry?PI?when?it?boots?up:? Was?this?lock?already?connected? No retrieve?SocketChannel?and? store?it?in?HasMap<> Yes Overwrite?the?SocketChannel<>? with?the?old?one Set?the?DB?status?as? Online?and?set? Raspberry?PI's?co©\ ordinates Requset?recieved?from?Raspberry?PI ? ? ? ? ? ?
iii. Android?app?tries?to?log©\in?into?the?system:? Username?and?Password? verification?with?the?backend No Send?an?error?message?to? Android?App Yes Send?a?success?message? to?android?app Retrieve?all?the?locks?from? MySQL?database? Does?user?have?any?locks?stored Yes No Send?Error?message? to?Android?App Send?all?the?locks?with?their? current?status?to?Android?App Request?from?Android?App ? ?
iv. User?tries?to?operate?a?lock:? Retrieve?all?the?details?from?the? user's?request Requested?Lock?is?Online? No Send?an?Error?message?to? user?i.e.?Lock?is?Offline Yes User's?co©\ordinate?matches with?Lock's?co©\ordinates? No Send?an?Error?message?to? user?i.e.?User?is?away?from? the?lock?and?can?not? operate?it. Forward?the?request?to?the?PI,?by? fetching?the?PI's?SocketChannel? from?HashMap<> Can?Server?use?that?SocketChannel? No Send?an?Error?message?to? user?i.e.?the?lock?went? offline?and?set?the?status?in? database?as?offline Wait?for?Raspberry?PI?to?respond. Response?is?as?expected? No Send?an?Error?message?to? user?i.e.?request?can?not?be? completed?this?time. Send?a?success?message?to?Android? and?change?the?status?in?the? database. Request?to?unlock/lock?a?lock?from?user ? ?
Server?Classes:? v. Data©\structures:?? 1. Message.java:?This?class?provides?a?way?to?communicate?between?Android?App,?Web? Server?and?Raspberry?PI.?This?class?contains?fields?which?are?then?used?to?extract?the? information?that?has?been?passed?from?one?component?to?another.? 2. DatabaseConnection.java:?This?class?is?mainly?used?to?communicate?with?the?database.? This?class?also?provides?a?separation?of?application?logic?required?for?database.?This?way? web?server?can?easily?pass?the?information?to?this?class?to?update?the?database?or?to? retrieve?the?information?from?the?database.? vi. Threads:? 1. MainServerThread.java:?This?class?provides?a?listener¡¯s?capability?for?web?server.?All?the? incoming?requests?will?be?received?by?this?class?and?then?depending?upon?the?type?of?the? request.? 2. MobileRequestThread.java:?Upon?receiving?a?request?from?Android?App,?this?thread?will? be?invoked?and?will?process?the?entire?request?on?its?own.?For?every?new?request?from? Android?App?a?new?thread?of?this? class?will?be? created,?thus?every?thread? will?work? independently.? 3. RaspberryPIRequestThread.java:?When?Raspberry?PI?comes?online,?it?will?register?itself? with?the?web?server.?Such?registration?request?will?be?handled?by?this?thread.?It?will?also? store?the?SocketChannel?on?which?the?request?has?arrived?for?future?PUSH?functionality.? vii. Main:? 1. SocketServer.java:?This?class?will?start?a?listener?thread?i.e.?MainServerThread?with?the? configuration?specified?for?the?web?server.? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?
Android?Client:? The?code?for?the?Android?client?will?be?Java?based?and?written?using?the?Eclipse?IDE.??The?minimum? API? to? execute? the? code? will? be? 14? (Android? 4.0? ¡°Sandwich¡±)? which? will? be? required? for? the? switches?to?function?properly.??The?target?API?will?be?18?(Android?4.3?¡°Jelly?Bean¡±).? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?
Android?Client¡¯s?Data?Flow?Diagrams:? viii. User?Login?Activity:? Display?a?slpash?screen?with? application?logo. Display?Username?and?Password? fields?with?Login?and?Signup? buttons. User?clicks?on?Signin?Button Username?field?is?empty? No Password?field?is?empty? No Send?username?and?password? for?verification. Yes Display?an?Error?message?saying? empty?username?field Yes Display?an?Error?message?saying? empty?password?field Success?message?from?Web?Server No Yes Open?UserInfo?activity?which? displays?Lock?Information. Start?Online?Unlocker?from?Menu ? ? ?
ix. User?tries?to?unlock/lock?a?Lock:? ? Call?Listener?method?for?switch? which?will?collect?the?current?state? of?the?lock User?has?at?least? one?lock?registered No Display?addition?of?Lock?form?with? fields?such?as?Lock?ID,?Nickname? and?Add?button Yes Display?fetched?information?in?the? form?of?List?Adapter?with?each? lock's?nick?name?and?its?current? status User?changed?the? status?of?the?lock? No Refresh?the?List?Adapter? periodically. Yes Collect?the?user's?current?co©\ ordinates? Send?the?request?to?Web?server? and?wait?for?server?to?respond. Response?from?server?is?as?expected? Yes Display?success?message No Display?an?error?message User?presses?On/Off?switch ? ?
x. User?tries?to?Edit?Lock?Details:? User?clicks?on?Locks?Nick?Name Request?web?server?for?locks? current?details. Has?user?already?added? a?prefered?location?Yes Display?a?TextView?with? current?Nick?name?of?the?lock User?clicks?on?Save?Button No User?clicks?on?Cancel?Button/? User?clicks?back?button No Display?a?CheckBox?for?addition? of?a?preffered?location?for?user Yes Is?CheckBox?checked? Yes Collect?user's?current?co©\ ordinates. No send?a?request?to?web?serever? with?user's?new?values Wait?for?server?to?respond. Display?message?received?from? web?server Close?the?Activity User?tries?to?change?Lock?details. ?
Android?Classes:? xi. Data?structures:? 1. JSONParsor.java:?This?class?is?used?to?make?the?HTTP?calls?and?get?the?response?from?the? web?server.?All?the?responses?for?the?HTTP?requests?are?encoded?as?a?JSON?object,?hence? this?class?will?be?used?to?parse?the?response?which?then?can?be?given?to?Android?app?for? further?processing.? 2. Message.java:?This?class?provides?a?way?to?communicate?between?Android?App,?Web? Server?and?Raspberry?PI.?This?class?contains?fields?which?are?then?used?to?extract?the? information?that?has?been?passed?from?one?component?to?another.? xii. Main:? 1. MainActivity.java:?This?class?will?display?screen?with?username?and?password?fields?along? with?Login?and?sign©\up?button.?Upon?providing?username?and?password?by?the?user,?this? class?will?verify?user¡¯s?credentials?with?the?web?server?and?will?display?an?error?message? if?there?is?a?mismatch?the?given?credentials.?Otherwise?it?will?open?UserInfo.class.? 2. UserInfo.java:?This?class?will?retrieve?user¡¯s?lock?information?if?user?has?already?registered? few?locks.?Otherwise?it?will?display?a?form?asking?user?to?register?a?new?lock.? 3. LockInfo.java:? An? instance? of? this? class? will? be? created? for? every? lock? that? user? has? registered.?This?class?will?contain?information?such?as?unique?LOCKID?and?its?current? status.? 4. LockAdapter.java:?This?class?will?create?instances?of?LockInfo?and?will?add?it?to?display? screen.? 5. LocationInfo.java:?The?LocationInfo?class?serves?as?an?abstraction?to?access?the?Location? class?of?the?Android?API.??It?is?included?to?allow?for?the?user?ability?to?disable?locking?and? unlocking?from?outside?of?a?predetermined?distance?from?the?Raspberry?PI.? 6. EditLockDetails.java:?This?class?will?provide?customization?of?Lock?information.?If?user?has? not?added?a?preferred?location?for?the?lock,?this?class?will?display?a?CheckBox?to?give?user? an?option?to?add?his?current?location?so?that?the?user?can?operate?the?lock?from?this? location?along?with?the?50ft?radius?of?the?lock¡¯s?physical?location.? 7. AlertDialogSingleButton.java:?This?class?is?derived?from?AlertDialogBox,?which?is?used?to? display?an?alert?box?with?a?single?button?along?with?a?custom?message.? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?
Android?User?Interface:? The?user?interface?has?been?designed?to?be?both?intuitive?and?seamless?to?the?end?user,?abstracting? the?¡°back?end¡±?details?outlined?in?this?report.??Screen?shots?for?the?user?interaction?with?the?Android? component?can?be?found?in?appendix?1?of?this?document.? Android?User?Interface?has?following?Layouts?defined?in?it;? 1. splash_screen.xml:?This?layout?will?be?displayed?when?user?opens?up?the?App?from?the? menu.? 2. welcome_screen.xml:?This?layout?will?have?two?TextViews?i.e.?Username?and?Password? fields.?Along?with?which?it?will?have?two?Buttons?i.e.?Login?and?Sign?up?buttons.? 3. user_info.xml:?This?layout?will?be?populated?once?the?information?from?the?web?server?has? been?successfully?retrieved.?This?layout?will?have?a?ListView?which?will?contain? list_view_lock_info.xml?and?a?header?as?list_view_header.xml.? 4. edit_lock_details.xml:? This? layout? will? provide? an? option? for? user? to? customize? its? Lock? information?stored?in?the?backend.? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?
Raspberry?Pi?Client:? The?Raspberry?PI?client?communicates?with?the?server?via?the?Internet.??It?is?the?responsibility?of?the? Raspberry?PI?to?handle?messages?sent?from?the?server?and?respond?by?performing?the?necessary? changes?to?the?lock?(engage?/?disengage).?Upon?receiving?the?respective?signal?from?the?server?the? Raspberry? PI? triggers? a? relay? which? can? be? attached? to? an? electromechanical? device? of? the? users? choosing.?? If?the?Lock?is?manually?unlocked?the?time?stamp?of?the?change?along?with?the?present?status?of?the? lock?is?sent?back?to?the?server?which?can?than?update?the?Raspberry?PI?of?the?current?status.? Raspberry?PI?Classes:? 1. RaspberryPIServerThread.java:?This?class?will?start?the?only?thread?that?will?be?running? on?Raspberry?PI,?and?with?specified?configuration?it?will?initially?try?to?register?itself?with? the?Web?Server.?Upon?successful?registration,?it?will?then?wait?for?server?to?PUSH?the?data? to?it?on?which?it?will?lock/unlock?the?lock?that?has?been?connected?to?it.?If?due?to?failure?it? fails?to?connect?with?the?Web?Server,?it?will?try?to?do?so?after?every?5?seconds.? Mechanical:?? We?considered?a?number?of?possible?interfaces?for?controlling?the?GPIO?pins?on?the?Raspberry?Pi.?The? pins?can?be?accessed?via?the?file?system?by?adding?the?appropriate?pin?numbers?to?the?'export'?file?in? the?/sys/class/gpio?directory?and?then?manipulating?files?in?the?individual?pin?directory,?such?as?'value'? and?'direction'.?A?pin?with?'direction'?of?'out'?and?a?'value'?of?'HIGH'?or?'1'?will?be?outputting?a?3.3V? signal?until?'value'?is?set?back?to?'0'.? There?are?a?number?of?modules?in?various?programming?languages?that?have?been?developed?for? carrying?out?this?functionality.?The?Python?code?we?started?with?used?the?RPi.GPIO?package?for?GPIO? controls;?the?Java?code?we?are?currently?using?has?utilized?the?Pi4J?library,?which?is?a?JNI?wrapper?for? the?WiringPi?GPIO?access?library.?In?our?code,?therefore,?the?'export'?of?a?pin?with?direction?'out'?is? accomplished?by?the?provisionDigitalOutputPin?function,?and?the?changes?in?signal?are?carried?out?by? setting?PinState?to?'HIGH'?or?'LOW'.?
? Mechanical?Parts©\List:? 2. Raspberry?PI?Model?B? 3. Led's? 4. ULN?2803? 5. Relay?(12v)? 6. Execution?

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