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Paribhasha 2

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This is the second part of presentation regarding definitions in Rasa shastra. An attempt is made to clarify the definitions in more clear way also useful images are added to further improvise the presentation.

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PARIBHASHA IN RASA SHASTRA PART-II Dr. SOMIL DUBEY B.A.M.S, M.D (RS & BK) MEDICAL OFFICER, M.P GOVERMENT
Kajjali When Gandhaka etc. material are added to Parada and ground without adding any liquid till it becomes a black like collyrium, an eye application it is called as kajjali. It is used for various rasa kriyas (particularly Sagandha rasa yogas) Synonyms- kajjali, kajjala, kajjalika. KAJJALIPARADA + GANDHAKA
Rasa panka Rasa Ratna Samucchaya says when Kajjali is grounded along with any liquid media till it attains a Panka like consistency i.e. mud like consistency it is called as Rasa panka. Rasatarangni also describes Rasa panka as parada when added with gandhaka or any other material along with liquid till it becomes a compound that looks like Panka is called as Rasapanka.
Rasa Pishti Parada and Gandhaka, when ground along with milk or other liquid materials the result and mass is called as Rasa Pishti or Parada pishti. Navneet pishti- one twelfth part of sulphur is added to one part of mercury and ground thoroughly while exposing the process to hot Sun. Patana pishti- 1 part of Parada ? part of gold. It is highly beneficial in perfecting mercury.
Hingulaakrishti rasa Parada obtained by subjecting Hingula (Cinnabar- red oxide of mercury) to Urdhavapatana. It is high purified form of mercury. Urdhavapatana of Hingula
Dravaka gana ?Gunja (seeds of Abrus precatorious) ?Madhu (honey) ?Guda (Jaggery) ?Ghruta (ghee) ?Tankana (Borax) ?Gugglu (gum resin of plant Commiphora mukul) They are used for melting the metals as this gana brings down the melting point of metals and thus hasten the process of melting of metals.
Images of drugs constituting Dravaka gana JAGGERY GUNJA BORAX HONEY GHEE GUGGLU
Mitra panchaka ?Gunja ?Madhu ?Ghruta ?Tankana ?Gugglu Dravaka gana ¨C jaggery = Mitra panchaka
Dhalana Metal is subjected to melting and is poured in any liquid media is called dhalana. Puti lauhas (metals of inferior quality) like Naga (Lead), Vanga (Tin), Yasada (Zinc) which gets liquefied at comparatively low temperature are subjected to purification by this process and the yantra used particularly for this process is called Pithara yantra.
Purification of Vanga by Dhalana process HEATING AND MELTING OF VANGA POURING OF MOLTEN VANGA IN CHURNODAKA MEDIA PURIFIED VANGA
Aavapa or Prativapa Metals of melting nature like Vanga subjected to melting and other dravyas are added to it is called Aavapa or Prativapa. It is also as Aachadana by Rasa Ratna Samucchaya. (R.R.S. 8/53. Bhasma of Naga and Vanga are obtained by this procedure. Abhisheka- when the metal is melted and liquid is poured into it after waiting for 8 Nimesha i.e. 8 seconds it is called as Abhisheka.
Process of Aavapa for Vanga bhasma PROCESS OF VANGA AAVAPANA (VANGA JARANA) JARITA VANGA
Nirvapa, Nisheka or Snapana It is the process in which the metals are subjected to red hot stage and dipped in any liquid media like swarasa, decoction, milk etc. Nisheka is term used by Rasa Tarangani. (R.T. 2/40) The common example of this process is Samanaya shodhana of metals by heating and quenching the metals in liquid media- oil, butter milk, cow¡¯s urine, aarnala, decoction of Kulathi for seven times. Nirvapana or Nirvahana is term used by Rasa Ratna Samucchayakar in 8/25 as a process of putting or mixing of two metals with help of
Nirvapa of metal NIRVAPA OF METALS
Bhavana (impregnation or maceration The process in which the powders of ores and metals are added with prescribed liquids-milk, juice (swarasa), decoction etc. till they become wet and grinding is carried out in khalva yantra till the mass is again dried up. Amount of liquid added to the drug should be enough to make it wet in form or consistency. How to make decoction for bhavana- 1 part of drug * 8 times water reduced to 1/8.
Cont... Indications of proper bhavana On completion of the Bhavana process the mass should attain wicks like formation, soft to touch and should become wide flakes on pressing which is sign of proper bhavana. when the mass does not form wicks, remains coarse for touch and does not become flakes and edges gets cracked on pressing, it is not proper bhavana.
Process of Bhavana ADDITION OF LIQUID TO DRUG GRINDING OF DRUG IN PRESENCE OF LIQUID MEDIA
Shodhana (Purification) Any impure drug when subjected to certain manoeuvre like grinding etc. in presence of prescribed media that removes its impurities is called shodhana. Shodhana is pre-requisite procedure in rasa shastra. Certain drugs are administered directly after shodhana like Gandhaka (Sulphur), while shodhana is initial step for further rasa procedures like Marana (Incineration, amritikarana (nectarization).
Images of Gandhaka shodhana MELTING OF GANDHAKA IN COW¡¯S GHEE MOLTEN GANDHAKA POURED IN COW¡¯S MILK PURIFIED GANDHAKA
Marana or Bhasmikarana (Incineration) The purified metals and minerals, when subjected to grinding with juices or decoctions as suggested in the text and reduced to ashes i.e. Bhasma by using suitable heat or puta is called as incineration.
Marana for Vanga
Bhasma parikasha The criteria for mrutloha (bhasma of metals or minerals) After the process of marana is over the resultant obtained is subjected to set of examinations called as Bhasma pariksha, after passing all these test a bhasma is said to be qualified and fit for internal use. Varitaratvam- ¡°Mrutma tarati yattoye lauham varitaram he tat¡± R.R.S- 8/20 Small amount of bhasma is put on water in small vessel to notice whether it¡¯s floating or not. If it floats then it has attained the bhasma form.
Bhasma pariksha cont.. Hamshavattarnam or Uttaran bhasma- is also criteria similar to varitaratvam. A small pinch of bhasma is taken and left on surface of water and a paddy grain is kept on it which if keeps floating like swan on water is said to be bhasma of good quality. Mruta lauha- bhasma is taken amidst thumb and index finger and rubbed, if it fills the line between of these fingers it is called as mruta lauha or Rekhapoornata.
Bhasma pariksha cont.. -Not getting back into original metallic state -Apoonarbhava- Bhasma is added with drugs of mitra panchaka in equal quantities, kept in crucible which is arranged amidst coal and blown with fire. The bhasma at the end of the experiment, should not show any metallic traces which confirms that the metal has attained Apoornabhava state. -R.R.S. 8/29 say to add Jaggery, Gunja (seeds of Abrus precatorious), Tankana (borax), honey and ghruta in equal quantities to bhasma to conduct this procedure.
Bhasma pariksha cont.. Niruttha- Bhasma is kept in crucible along with silver coin of known weight and blown in fire, at the end of experiment silver coin should not gain or loss weight if not bhasma is not of desired quality. Dhantagre Kachakachkam na bhavati- when a small pinch of bhasma is kept in between tooth and crushed, it should not make any rough sound, that is also one of the criteria.
Images of Bhasma pariksha VARITARATVAM REKHAPOORNATA NIRUTTHA
Amrutikarana Even after the bhasma form of metals and minerals are obtained still little amount of doshas or impurities remain in them, to nullify these negativities special procedure is adopted called Amrutikarana. It is specially done for bhasma of Copper and Abhraka (mica).
Lohitikarana (Haematisation) The process is adopted for lauha bhasmas. Bhasma is grounded with decoctions or juices of prescribed drugs and subjected to puta for 2-3 times via this procedure fine red coloured bhasma of abhraka or lauha compounds is obtained. R.T 8/65-67.
Paribhasha 2

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Paribhasha 2

  • 1. PARIBHASHA IN RASA SHASTRA PART-II Dr. SOMIL DUBEY B.A.M.S, M.D (RS & BK) MEDICAL OFFICER, M.P GOVERMENT
  • 2. Kajjali When Gandhaka etc. material are added to Parada and ground without adding any liquid till it becomes a black like collyrium, an eye application it is called as kajjali. It is used for various rasa kriyas (particularly Sagandha rasa yogas) Synonyms- kajjali, kajjala, kajjalika. KAJJALIPARADA + GANDHAKA
  • 3. Rasa panka Rasa Ratna Samucchaya says when Kajjali is grounded along with any liquid media till it attains a Panka like consistency i.e. mud like consistency it is called as Rasa panka. Rasatarangni also describes Rasa panka as parada when added with gandhaka or any other material along with liquid till it becomes a compound that looks like Panka is called as Rasapanka.
  • 4. Rasa Pishti Parada and Gandhaka, when ground along with milk or other liquid materials the result and mass is called as Rasa Pishti or Parada pishti. Navneet pishti- one twelfth part of sulphur is added to one part of mercury and ground thoroughly while exposing the process to hot Sun. Patana pishti- 1 part of Parada ? part of gold. It is highly beneficial in perfecting mercury.
  • 5. Hingulaakrishti rasa Parada obtained by subjecting Hingula (Cinnabar- red oxide of mercury) to Urdhavapatana. It is high purified form of mercury. Urdhavapatana of Hingula
  • 6. Dravaka gana ?Gunja (seeds of Abrus precatorious) ?Madhu (honey) ?Guda (Jaggery) ?Ghruta (ghee) ?Tankana (Borax) ?Gugglu (gum resin of plant Commiphora mukul) They are used for melting the metals as this gana brings down the melting point of metals and thus hasten the process of melting of metals.
  • 7. Images of drugs constituting Dravaka gana JAGGERY GUNJA BORAX HONEY GHEE GUGGLU
  • 9. Dhalana Metal is subjected to melting and is poured in any liquid media is called dhalana. Puti lauhas (metals of inferior quality) like Naga (Lead), Vanga (Tin), Yasada (Zinc) which gets liquefied at comparatively low temperature are subjected to purification by this process and the yantra used particularly for this process is called Pithara yantra.
  • 10. Purification of Vanga by Dhalana process HEATING AND MELTING OF VANGA POURING OF MOLTEN VANGA IN CHURNODAKA MEDIA PURIFIED VANGA
  • 11. Aavapa or Prativapa Metals of melting nature like Vanga subjected to melting and other dravyas are added to it is called Aavapa or Prativapa. It is also as Aachadana by Rasa Ratna Samucchaya. (R.R.S. 8/53. Bhasma of Naga and Vanga are obtained by this procedure. Abhisheka- when the metal is melted and liquid is poured into it after waiting for 8 Nimesha i.e. 8 seconds it is called as Abhisheka.
  • 12. Process of Aavapa for Vanga bhasma PROCESS OF VANGA AAVAPANA (VANGA JARANA) JARITA VANGA
  • 13. Nirvapa, Nisheka or Snapana It is the process in which the metals are subjected to red hot stage and dipped in any liquid media like swarasa, decoction, milk etc. Nisheka is term used by Rasa Tarangani. (R.T. 2/40) The common example of this process is Samanaya shodhana of metals by heating and quenching the metals in liquid media- oil, butter milk, cow¡¯s urine, aarnala, decoction of Kulathi for seven times. Nirvapana or Nirvahana is term used by Rasa Ratna Samucchayakar in 8/25 as a process of putting or mixing of two metals with help of
  • 15. Bhavana (impregnation or maceration The process in which the powders of ores and metals are added with prescribed liquids-milk, juice (swarasa), decoction etc. till they become wet and grinding is carried out in khalva yantra till the mass is again dried up. Amount of liquid added to the drug should be enough to make it wet in form or consistency. How to make decoction for bhavana- 1 part of drug * 8 times water reduced to 1/8.
  • 16. Cont... Indications of proper bhavana On completion of the Bhavana process the mass should attain wicks like formation, soft to touch and should become wide flakes on pressing which is sign of proper bhavana. when the mass does not form wicks, remains coarse for touch and does not become flakes and edges gets cracked on pressing, it is not proper bhavana.
  • 17. Process of Bhavana ADDITION OF LIQUID TO DRUG GRINDING OF DRUG IN PRESENCE OF LIQUID MEDIA
  • 18. Shodhana (Purification) Any impure drug when subjected to certain manoeuvre like grinding etc. in presence of prescribed media that removes its impurities is called shodhana. Shodhana is pre-requisite procedure in rasa shastra. Certain drugs are administered directly after shodhana like Gandhaka (Sulphur), while shodhana is initial step for further rasa procedures like Marana (Incineration, amritikarana (nectarization).
  • 19. Images of Gandhaka shodhana MELTING OF GANDHAKA IN COW¡¯S GHEE MOLTEN GANDHAKA POURED IN COW¡¯S MILK PURIFIED GANDHAKA
  • 20. Marana or Bhasmikarana (Incineration) The purified metals and minerals, when subjected to grinding with juices or decoctions as suggested in the text and reduced to ashes i.e. Bhasma by using suitable heat or puta is called as incineration.
  • 22. Bhasma parikasha The criteria for mrutloha (bhasma of metals or minerals) After the process of marana is over the resultant obtained is subjected to set of examinations called as Bhasma pariksha, after passing all these test a bhasma is said to be qualified and fit for internal use. Varitaratvam- ¡°Mrutma tarati yattoye lauham varitaram he tat¡± R.R.S- 8/20 Small amount of bhasma is put on water in small vessel to notice whether it¡¯s floating or not. If it floats then it has attained the bhasma form.
  • 23. Bhasma pariksha cont.. Hamshavattarnam or Uttaran bhasma- is also criteria similar to varitaratvam. A small pinch of bhasma is taken and left on surface of water and a paddy grain is kept on it which if keeps floating like swan on water is said to be bhasma of good quality. Mruta lauha- bhasma is taken amidst thumb and index finger and rubbed, if it fills the line between of these fingers it is called as mruta lauha or Rekhapoornata.
  • 24. Bhasma pariksha cont.. -Not getting back into original metallic state -Apoonarbhava- Bhasma is added with drugs of mitra panchaka in equal quantities, kept in crucible which is arranged amidst coal and blown with fire. The bhasma at the end of the experiment, should not show any metallic traces which confirms that the metal has attained Apoornabhava state. -R.R.S. 8/29 say to add Jaggery, Gunja (seeds of Abrus precatorious), Tankana (borax), honey and ghruta in equal quantities to bhasma to conduct this procedure.
  • 25. Bhasma pariksha cont.. Niruttha- Bhasma is kept in crucible along with silver coin of known weight and blown in fire, at the end of experiment silver coin should not gain or loss weight if not bhasma is not of desired quality. Dhantagre Kachakachkam na bhavati- when a small pinch of bhasma is kept in between tooth and crushed, it should not make any rough sound, that is also one of the criteria.
  • 26. Images of Bhasma pariksha VARITARATVAM REKHAPOORNATA NIRUTTHA
  • 27. Amrutikarana Even after the bhasma form of metals and minerals are obtained still little amount of doshas or impurities remain in them, to nullify these negativities special procedure is adopted called Amrutikarana. It is specially done for bhasma of Copper and Abhraka (mica).
  • 28. Lohitikarana (Haematisation) The process is adopted for lauha bhasmas. Bhasma is grounded with decoctions or juices of prescribed drugs and subjected to puta for 2-3 times via this procedure fine red coloured bhasma of abhraka or lauha compounds is obtained. R.T 8/65-67.