Personality- Definition-Aspects.pptx
- 1. Unit-1: Personality Development drmuraliku@gmail.com 1 Dr. Murali Vemula Associate Professor of English
- 2. What is Personality ? drmuraliku@gmail.com 2 Personality is the psychological pattern of an individuals thoughts, emotions and feelingsthat are unique to a person. the totality of character attributes and traits Inherent personality traits and the different soft skills interact with each other. It helps bring out intrinsic qualities of a person. In simple words, personality is a set of qualities that make a person distinct from another. The word personality originates from the Latin word persona, which means a mask.
- 3. Aspects of Personality Development drmuraliku@gmail.com 3 the personality test used in the recruitment and selection process are the intellectual property of the companies that produce them. use different terminology to describe the aspects of personality that they set out to measure. Openness to experience / describes a dimension of cognitive style that distinguishes imaginative, creative people. Open people are intellectually curious, appreciative of art, and sensitive to beauty.
- 4. Personality Traits are OCEANs drmuraliku@gmail.com 4 The five (OCEAN) broad domains of personality are i. Openness, ii. Conscientiousness, iii. Extraversion, iv. Agreeableness and v.Neuroticism Traits describe., relative to other people, the intensity of a person's feelings, thoughts, or behaviors. Everyone possesses all five of these traits to a greater or lesser degree. (For example, two individuals could be described as agreeable (agreeable people value getting along with others). But there could be significant variation in the degree
- 5. drmuraliku@gmail.com 5 1. Openness: Facets: Imagination: High scorers on this scale use fantasy as a way of creating a richer, more interesting world. Low scorers are on this scale are more oriented to facts than fantasy. Artistic Interests: High scorers on this scale love beauty, both in art and in nature. Low scorers lack aesthetic sensitivity and interest in the arts. Emotionality: Persons high on Emotionality have good access to and awareness of their own feelings. Low scorers are less aware of their feelings and tend not to express their emotions openly.
- 6. drmuraliku@gmail.com 6 Adventurousness. High scorers on adventurousness are eager to try new activities. Low scorers tend to feel uncomfortable with change. Intellect. High scorers on Intellect love to play with ideas. Low scorers on Intellect prefer dealing with people or things rather than ideas. Liberalism. Psychological liberalism refers to a readiness to challenge authority. Psychological liberalism and conservatism are not identical to political affiliation, but certainly incline individuals toward certain political parties.
- 7. drmuraliku@gmail.com 7 2. Conscientiousness: It relates to the ability to regulate emotions, to defer gratification, to work towards a goal and to plan effectively. People who lack this trait can be careless, ineffective, impulsive, impatient, reactive, immature, moody and hasty. Facets Self-Efficacy describes confidence in one's ability to accomplish things. High scorers believe they have the intelligence (common sense), drive, and self-control necessary for achieving success. Low scorers do not feel effective Orderliness. Persons with high scores on orderliness are well-organized. They always love to live according to routines and schedules. They keep lists and make plans.
- 8. drmuraliku@gmail.com 8 Dutifulness. This scale reflects the strength of a person's sense of duty and obligation. High Scorers have a strong sense of moral obligation. Low scorers find contracts, rules, and regulations overly confining. Achievement-Striving. Individuals who score high on this scale strive hard to achieve excellence. Low scorers are content to get by with a minimal amount of work, and might be seen by others as lazy.
- 9. drmuraliku@gmail.com 9 Self-Discipline People who possess high self- discipline are able to overcome reluctance to begin tasks and stay on track despite distractions. Those with low self-discipline procrastinate and show poor follow-through, often failing to complete tasks-even tasks they want very much to complete. Cautiousness Cautiousness describes the disposition to think through possibilities before acting. High scorers on the Cautiousness scale take their time when making decisions. Low scorers often say or do first thing that comes to mind without deliberating alternatives and the probable consequences of those alternatives
- 10. drmuraliku@gmail.com 10 3. Extraversion: It refers to people who are sociable, talkative, friendly and optimistic. People who score low on extraversion tend to be more aloof, shy and reserved. Facets: Friendliness. Friendly people genuinely like other people and openly demonstrate positive feelings toward others. Low scorers on Friendliness are not necessarily cold and hostile. Gregariousness. Gregarious people find the company of others pleasantly stimulating and rewarding. They enjoy the excitement of crowds. Low scorers tend to feel overwhelmed by, and therefore actively avoid, large crowds. They do not necessarily dislike being with people sometimes, but their need for privacy and time to themselves is much greater than for individuals who score high on this scale.
- 11. drmuraliku@gmail.com 11 Assertiveness. High scorers Assertiveness like to speak out, take charge, and direct the activities of others. Low scorers tend not to talk much and let others control the activities of groups. Activity Level. Active individuals lead fast-paced, busy lives. They are involved in many activities. People who score low on this scale follow a slower and more leisurely, relaxed pace. Excitement-Seeking. High scorers are easily bored without high levels of stimulation. They love bright lights and hustle and bustle. Low scorers are overwhelmed by noise and commotion and are adverse to thrill-seeking. Cheerfulness. Persons who score high on this scale typically experience a range of positive feelings, including happiness, enthusiasm, optimism, and joy. Low scorers are not as prone to such energetic, high spirits.
- 12. drmuraliku@gmail.com 12 4. Agreeableness: People who score high on this trait value getting along with others. They develop good interpersonal skills and are trusting, warm and generous. Low scorers tend to value self-interest above getting along with others. They can be sceptical, suspicious and appear arrogant. Facets: Trust A person with high trust assumes that most people are fair, honest, and have good intentions. Persons low in trust may see others as selfish, devious, and potentially dangerous. Morality High scorers see no need for pretence when dealing with others and are therefore candid, frank, and sincere. Low scorers believe that a certain amount of deception in social relationships is necessary.
- 13. drmuraliku@gmail.com 13 Altruism Altruistic people find helping other people genuinely rewarding. Low scorers on this scale do not particularly like helping those in need. Cooperation. Individuals who score high on this scale dislike confrontations. Low scorers on this scale are more likely to intimidate others to get their way. Modesty High scorers do not like to claim that they are better than other people. Those who are willing to describe themselves as superior tend to be seen as disagreeably arrogant by other people. Sympathy People who score high on this scale are tender-hearted and compassionate. Low scorers are not affected strongly by human suffering. They pride themselves on making objective judgments based on reason.
- 14. drmuraliku@gmail.com 14 5. Neuroticism: It relates to the degree of ongoing inner conflict a person experiences. High scorers experience higher levels of negative emotions such as anger, anxiety, shame and self- rejection. Low scorers are calm, even-tempered and emotionally stable. Facets: Anxiety The fight-or-flight system of the brain of anxious individuals is too easily and too often engaged. Therefore, people who are high in anxiety often feel like something dangerous is about to happen. They feel tense, jittery, and nervous. Persons low in Anxiety is generally calm and fearless. Anger Persons who score high in Anger feel enraged when things do not go their way. This facet measures the tendency to feel angry; whether or not the person expresses annoyance and hostility depends on the individual's level on Agreeableness. Low scorers do not get angry often or easily.
- 15. ` drmuraliku@gmail.com 15 Depression This facet measures the tendency to feel sad, dejected. High scorers lack energy and have difficult initiating activities. Low scorers tend to be free from these depressive feelings. Self-Consciousness Self-conscious individuals are sensitive about what others think of them. Low scorers, in contrast, do not suffer from the mistaken impression that everyone is watching and judging them. Immoderation Immoderate individuals feel strong cravings and urges that they have difficulty resisting. Low scorers do not experience strong, irresistible cravings and consequently do not find themselves tempted to overindulge. Vulnerability High scorers on Vulnerability experience panic, confusion, and helplessness when under pressure