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Perspective

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Ursula Accumanno

The document discusses various techniques used to create the illusion of depth and three-dimensional space in two-dimensional images, including overlapping shapes, relative size of objects, vertical placement, atmospheric light, and linear perspective with single or multiple vanishing points. It provides examples from historical artworks that demonstrate the development of linear perspective techniques from the 13th century onwards or that experimented with challenging perspective conventions.

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PERSPECTIVE
Perspective – the illusion that an image has depth and 3-dimensional space (volume)
TRICKS/TECHNIQUES OVERLAPPING (ORDER) RELATIVE (diminishing) SIZES VERTICAL PLACEMENT ATMOSPHERIC LIGHT LINEAR (ONE OR TWO POINT)
VERTICAL PLACEMENT & OVERLAPPING INTERPRETED AS 3 RECTANGLES
NOT
RELATIVE SIZE
SASSETTA The Meeting of St. Anthony and St. Paul about 1440 Wood
TRICKS/TECHNIQUES OVERLAPPING (ORDER) RELATIVE (diminishing) SIZES VERTICAL PLACEMENT ATMOSPHERIC LIGHT LINEAR (ONE OR TWO POINT)
Atmospheric Imitation of atmospheric effects: hues more bluish & more pale outlines less precise small details lost color contrasts muted sfumato (“vaporous”) gradual transition
David Hockney, Portrait of an Artist (Pool with Two Figures) , 1971
astronauts got disoriented on the moon because of . . .
the lack of atmospheric perspective.
TRICKS/TECHNIQUES OVERLAPPING (ORDER) RELATIVE (diminishing) SIZES VERTICAL PLACEMENT ATMOSPHERIC LIGHT LINEAR (ONE OR TWO POINT)
LINEAR PERSPECTIVE One point; central Vanishing point
Canaletto (Giovanni Antonio Canal) , The Campo di Rialto c. 1758-63 Oil on canvas, 46 7/16 x 72 1/2 in
Canaletto (Giovanni Antonio Canal) , The Campo di Rialto c. 1758-63 Oil on canvas, 46 7/16 x 72 1/2 in
Vanishing points at horizon picture frame
After 600 years of perspectivist tricks, a return to the flat surface in the 20 th Century . . .
Frank Stella, Wolfeboro II, 1966
Frank Stella, Wolfeboro II, 1966 a hint of perspective . . .
Gustav Klimt Portrait of Adele Bloch-Bauer I 1907 138 x 138 cm
The dawn of perspective
Cimabue, Madonna Enthroned , 1280-90 TEXTBOOK p. 185 NO PERSPECTIVE flat pictorial space similar to Ancient & Byzantine works
GIOTTO Madonna in Glory c. 1311 Tempera on panel 128 x 90 1/2 in. suggestions of PERSPECTIVE in a GOTHIC ERA work; PERSPECTIVE is a major development of the RENAISSANCE (key words in BOLD )
. . . in music? Yes! Can you tell the difference between a loud sound far away and soft sound nearby? Psycho-acoustic effects of near and far (reverb, TDOA, spectral roll-off, timbre, etc.) - used in film music, electronic music, and some orchestral music, particularly MAHLER
In retrospect . . . notice perspective, lack of perspective, and suggestions of perspective in 2-D work

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Perspective

Editor's Notes

  1. SASSETTA Italian painter, Sienese school (b. 1394, Siena, d. 1450, Siena) National Gallery of Art, Washington
  2. Note color oppositions and alternation in Angel wings