PHP and MySQL
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This document provides an overview of PHP (Hypertext Preprocessor), a popular server-side scripting language used for web development. It discusses key PHP concepts like server-side scripting, inclusion of files, syntax, variables, arrays, operators, functions, branching, looping, forms, MySQL integration, sessions, and cookies. The document is intended to help beginners get started with PHP.
![Arrays
Creating arrays
$array = array(1, -2, 'cat', TRUE);
$array[] = 2.6;
$array[5] = 012;
$array[] = 0xA;
$array[7] = 5e2;
25](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/phpworkshop-130323224418-phpapp01/85/PHP-and-MySQL-25-320.jpg)
![Deleting arrays
unset($array[2]);
Unset is not the same as,
$array[2] = "";
29](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/phpworkshop-130323224418-phpapp01/85/PHP-and-MySQL-29-320.jpg)
![<?php
mysql_connect('localhost','root','');
mysql_select_db('demo');
$res = mysql_query('SELECT * FROM table');
while ($row = mysql_fetch_assoc($res))
{ echo $row['name']; }
?>
50](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/phpworkshop-130323224418-phpapp01/85/PHP-and-MySQL-50-320.jpg)
![Starting Session
session_start();
Session Variable
$_SESSION['username']
Destroying Session
session_destroy();
52](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/phpworkshop-130323224418-phpapp01/85/PHP-and-MySQL-52-320.jpg)
![Setting cookie
setcookie('name','rohit',time()+(3600));
Cookie variable
$_COOKIE['name']
54](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/phpworkshop-130323224418-phpapp01/85/PHP-and-MySQL-54-320.jpg)
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PHP and MySQL
- 2. Client Server Arch. 2
- 3. Server Side Scripting Generates dynamic web pages. Practically invisible to end - user. 3
- 4. Web Application An application that runs within a web browser. And can be accessed over a network. 4
- 5. What is PHP ? It is a server side scripting language used for web development. Created by Rasmus Lerdorf in 1995 5
- 6. Why PHP ? Open Source Very good set of built in functions Very good database support Great support community Many frameworks 6
- 7. Getting started with PHP <?php echo "Hello World"; ?> 7
- 9. PHP Syntax PHP is programmer centric. HTML and PHP are not same. PHP is white space insensitive. PHP is sometimes case sensitive. Termination by semicolon (;) Braces define blocks. 9
- 10. Programmer Centric Focuses on convenience for programmer. Does not focus much on correctness. 10
- 11. HTML Vs. PHP HTML is client side. PHP is server side. 11
- 12. White space Insensitive <?php $val = 2 + 2; //single spaces $val = 2 + 2; //spaces and tabs $val = 2 + 2; //multiple lines ?> 12
- 13. Case Sensitive <?php $val = 20; echo "variable value is $val"; echo "variable value is $VaL"; ?> 13
- 14. Case Sensitive <?php HELLO(); function hello() { EcHo "Hello!!"; } ?> 14
- 16. Braces define block <?php if (1 == 1) echo "Hello World"; if (1 == 1) { echo "Hello "; echo "World"; } ?> 16
- 17. Commenting <?php // this is a single line comment. # this is also a single line comment. /* this is a multi line comment. */ ?> 17
- 18. Variables Variables are denoted with a leading ($) sign. Value of variable is the most recent assignment. Variable is assigned using (=) operator, to its left is the variable and to right is the expression to be evaluated. 18
- 19. Variables can, but do not need to be declared before assignment. Variables have no type other than the type of its current value. Variables should always start with an alphabet. Numerical values for a variable can be INT, HEX, OCT, FLOAT and e. 19
- 20. In variables for text we can use () as escape character. Boolean values is not case sensitive, TRUE, TRuE, true, trUE, etc. Prefix for HEX is "0x" and for OCT is "0". Range of INT varies with respect to processor bits, i.e. different for 32 and 64 bit processor. 20
- 21. $x = 'Hello'; $x = "Hello"; $x = <<<var Hello var; Single quotes display as it is, whereas double quotes and heredoc do interpretation. 21
- 22. Creating a variable $x = 3; Changing value $x = $x + 5; Changing value as well as type $x = $x + 0.5; 22
- 23. Global Variables: $x = "HELLO"; function test() { global $x; return $x; } echo test(); Super Global Variables: $_POST, $_GET, etc. 23
- 24. Outputting echo "Hello World n Welcome to PHP"; echo "Hello World <br> Welcome to PHP"; echo "$var1 n $var2"; 24
- 25. Arrays Creating arrays $array = array(1, -2, 'cat', TRUE); $array[] = 2.6; $array[5] = 012; $array[] = 0xA; $array[7] = 5e2; 25
- 26. Creating arrays with index $array = array( 0 => 1, 1 => -2, 2 => 'cat', 3 => TRUE ); 26
- 27. Creating arrays with string index $array = array( 'INT' => 1, 'NINT' => -2, 'STRING' => 'cat', 'BOOLEAN' => TRUE ); 27
- 28. Creating multi dimensionsl arrays $array = array( 'INT' => array( 'POS' => 1, 'NEG' => -2 ) ); 28
- 29. Deleting arrays unset($array[2]); Unset is not the same as, $array[2] = ""; 29
- 30. Iterating arrays $array = array( 'INT' => 1, 'NINT' => -2, 'STRING' => 'cat' ); foreach($array as $element) { echo $element."<br>"; } 30
- 31. Operators Arithmetic > Comparison > Logical Arithmetic: +, -, *, /, % Comparison: ==, ===, !=, !==, ...... Logical: and, or, !, ....... break: used to stop loops. continue: used to stop iteration. 31
- 32. Arithmetic Operators 32
- 33. Comparison Operators 33
- 34. Logical Operators 34
- 36. Type Casting $variable = (TYPE) VALUE; $x = 5.5; $y = (INT) $x; // $y = 5 36
- 37. Functions Declaration: function NAME(ARG1, ARG2=DEFAULT); Eg: $x = "Hello"; function app($x,$s="World") { return $x . $s; } $a = app($x); // HelloWorld $b = app($y,"India"); // HelloIndia 37
- 38. Some Important Functions strlen(): gives length of string. strcmp(x,y): case sensitive string compare. strcasecmp(x,y): case in sensitive string compare. strncmp(x,y,n): checks first n characters. 38
- 39. strtoupper(x): converts to uppercase. strtolower(x): converts to lowercase. trim(x): removes white space. substr(x,m,n): creates substring of x from m to n characters. ord(x): gives int value for character. 39
- 40. count(x): gives no. Of elements in array. isset(x): checks if has value. sort(x): sorts array wrt values. ksort(x): sorts array wrt keys. array_merge(x,y): merge arrays to a new one. 40
- 41. array_slice(x,m,n): creates a sub array of x from m key to the next n keys. 41
- 42. Branching if... else... if ($a > $b) { $c = $a - $b; echo $c; } else { $c = $b - $a; echo $c; } 42
- 43. switch switch($a) { case 1: echo "one"; break; case 2: echo "two"; break; case 3: echo "three"; break; default: echo "no number"; break; } 43
- 44. Looping while $count = 1; while ($count <= 10) { echo "Count is $count n"; $count++; } 44
- 45. do - while $count = 45; do { echo "Count is $count n"; $count++; } while ($count <= 10); 45
- 46. for $limit = 5; for($count=0; $count<$limit; $count++) { echo "Count is $count n"; } 46
- 47. PHP and Forms HTTP is a stateless protocol Data is sent using GET POST 47
- 48. To collect data for PHP processing we use super global variables. $_GET $_POST 48
- 49. PHP and MySQL Initialise a database connection mysql_connect('host','username','pass'); mysql_select_db('dbname'); Firing a query mysql_query('Query'); 49
- 50. <?php mysql_connect('localhost','root',''); mysql_select_db('demo'); $res = mysql_query('SELECT * FROM table'); while ($row = mysql_fetch_assoc($res)) { echo $row['name']; } ?> 50
- 51. Session PHP Session variable is super global. It has values of a single user across many pages in an application. It is located server side. 51
- 52. Starting Session session_start(); Session Variable $_SESSION['username'] Destroying Session session_destroy(); 52
- 53. Cookie Cookie is also super global variable. It is used to store information about user and its visit on user's computer. It is located client side. 53
- 54. Setting cookie setcookie('name','rohit',time()+(3600)); Cookie variable $_COOKIE['name'] 54
- 55. Thank You Follow me on: Facebook: http://fb.com/sanketkumarbiswas/ Twitter: @sankeybiswas LinkedIn: http://linkedin.com/in/sanketkumarbiswas/ Web: http://www.sankeybiswas.com/ Cell: +91 9820 477 377 55