This document discusses different types of explosives used in blasting operations, including black powder, dynamite, ammonium dynamite, and gelatin dynamite. It describes the properties of explosives like detonation and deflagration, as well as definitions for terms like blasting agent and oxygen balance. The document also covers blasting techniques for both surface and underground mining operations, such as single or multiple bench blasting and the use of vertical, horizontal, simultaneous or delayed holes.