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Stretching lec 3

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KhazimaAsif

This document provides guidelines for applying stretching interventions to patients. It discusses examining and evaluating the patient, preparing for stretching, applying manual stretching procedures, and using adjuncts like relaxation training, Pilates, heat, cold, massage, biofeedback, and joint traction to enhance stretching. The key steps are evaluating the patient, selecting stretching techniques, warming up, maintaining a comfortable position, gradually increasing the intensity and duration of stretches over time, and using strengthening exercises and adjunct treatments after stretching. Precautions include not forcing beyond a joint's range of motion and progressing stretches gradually.

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Stretching(lecture 3) By: Dr. Khazima Asif Copyright 2008 PresentationFx.com | Redistribution Prohibited | Image 息 2008 Thomas Brian | This text section may be deleted for presentation.
Procedural Guidelines for Application of Stretching Interventions Examination and Evaluation of the Patient: Carefully review the patients history and perform a thorough systems review. Select and perform appropriate tests and measurements. Determine if hypomobility is related to other impairments of body structure. Copyright 2008 PresentationFx.com | Redistribution Prohibited | Image 息 2008 Thomas Brian | This text section may be deleted for presentation.
When moving the patients extremities or spine, pay close attention to the patients reaction to movements to determine the probable dosage (such as intensity and duration) of stretch that stays within the patients comfort range. Assess the underlying strength of muscles in which there is limitation of motion. Be sure to determine what outcome goals (i.e., functional improvements) the patient is seeking. Analyze the impact of any factors that could adversely affect the projected outcomes of the stretching program.
Preparation for Stretching Copyright 2008 PresentationFx.com | Redistribution Prohibited | Image 息 2008 Thomas Brian | This text section may be deleted for presentation. Review the goals and desired outcomes. Select the stretching technique. Warm up. Comfortable stable position. Explain the procedure to the patient. Free the area to be stretched of any restrictive clothing. Explain to the patient that it is important to be as relaxed as possible.
Application of Manual Stretching Procedures Do not attempt to gain the full range in one or two treatment sessions. Resolving mobility impairment is a slow, gradual process. It may take several weeks of stretching to see significant results. Between stretching sessions, it is important to use the newly increased range to maintain what has been gained.
After Stretching Apply cold to the soft tissues that have been stretched and allow these structures to cool in a lengthened position. Regardless of the type of stretching intervention used, have the patient perform active ROM and strengthening exercises through the gained range immediately after stretching. Develop a balance in strength in the antagonistic muscles in the new range, so there is adequate neuromuscular control and stability as flexibility increases.
Precautions for Stretching Do not passively force a joint beyond its normal ROM. Use extra caution in patients with known or suspected osteoporosis due to disease, prolonged bed rest, age, or prolonged use of steroids. Protect newly united fractures. Avoid stretching edematous tissue. Avoid overstretching weak muscles. Progress the dosage (intensity, duration, and frequency) of stretching interventions gradually to minimize soft tissue trauma and post exercise muscle soreness
Common Errors and Potential Problems Nonselective or poorly balanced stretching activities. Insufficient warm-up. Ineffective stabilization. Use of ballistic stretching. Excessive intensity. Abnormal biomechanics: hurdlers stretch.
Adjuncts to Stretching Interventions 1.Relaxation Training. Common Elements of Relaxation Training: Relaxation training involves a reduction in muscle tension in the entire body or the region that is painful or restricted by using conscious effort and thought. Training occurs in a quiet environment with low lighting and soothing music or an auditory cue on which the patient may focus. The patient performs deep breathing exercises or visualizes a peaceful scene. When giving instructions, the therapist uses a soft tone of voice.
Examples of Approaches to Relaxation Training Autogenic training. Progressive relaxation. Awareness through movement.
2.Pilates Components of a Pilates exercise session typically include deep breathing and core stabilization exercises, focus on activation and relaxation of specific muscle groups, posture control and awareness training, strength training (primarily using body weight as resistance), balance exercises, and flexibility exercises.
Stretching lec 3
3.Heat Methods of Warm-Up Superficial heat (hot packs, paraffin) or deep-heating modalities (ultrasound, shortwave diathermy) provide different mechanisms to heat tissues. These thermal agents are used primarily to heat small areas such as individual joints, muscle groups, or tendons and may be applied prior to or during the stretching procedure. Low-intensity, active exercises, which generally increase circulation and core body temperature, also have been used as a mechanism to warm up large muscle groups.
Some common warm-up exercises are a brief walk, non fatiguing cycling on a stationary bicycle, use of a stair-stepping machine, active heel raises, or a few minutes of active arm exercises.
4.Cold Cooling soft tissues in a lengthened position after stretching has been shown to promote more lasting increases in soft tissue length and minimize post stretch muscle soreness.
5.Massage Increases circulation to muscles and decrease muscle spasm, it is a useful adjunct to stretching exercises.
6.Biofeedback Biofeedback instrumentation. Through visual or auditory feedback, a patient can begin to sense or feel what muscle relaxation is.
Stretching lec 3
7.Joint Traction or Oscillation Slight manual distraction of joint surfaces prior to or in conjunction with joint mobilization/manipulation techniques or stretching a muscle-tendon unit can be used to inhibit joint pain and spasm of muscles around a joint.
Stretching lec 3
Activity no.1 Identify a recreational/sport activity that your partner enjoys (i.e., tennis, golf, cycling, jogging, etc.) and design and demonstrate a program of self-stretching exercises to prepare your partner for the activity and reduce the risk of injury.
Activity no.2 Design an effective and efficient series of self- stretching exercises that a person who works at a desk most of the day could incorporate into a daily home fitness routine. Demonstrate and teach each self-stretching exercise to your laboratory partner.
Stretching lec 3

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Stretching lec 3

  • 1. Stretching(lecture 3) By: Dr. Khazima Asif Copyright 2008 PresentationFx.com | Redistribution Prohibited | Image 息 2008 Thomas Brian | This text section may be deleted for presentation.
  • 2. Procedural Guidelines for Application of Stretching Interventions Examination and Evaluation of the Patient: Carefully review the patients history and perform a thorough systems review. Select and perform appropriate tests and measurements. Determine if hypomobility is related to other impairments of body structure. Copyright 2008 PresentationFx.com | Redistribution Prohibited | Image 息 2008 Thomas Brian | This text section may be deleted for presentation.
  • 3. When moving the patients extremities or spine, pay close attention to the patients reaction to movements to determine the probable dosage (such as intensity and duration) of stretch that stays within the patients comfort range. Assess the underlying strength of muscles in which there is limitation of motion. Be sure to determine what outcome goals (i.e., functional improvements) the patient is seeking. Analyze the impact of any factors that could adversely affect the projected outcomes of the stretching program.
  • 4. Preparation for Stretching Copyright 2008 PresentationFx.com | Redistribution Prohibited | Image 息 2008 Thomas Brian | This text section may be deleted for presentation. Review the goals and desired outcomes. Select the stretching technique. Warm up. Comfortable stable position. Explain the procedure to the patient. Free the area to be stretched of any restrictive clothing. Explain to the patient that it is important to be as relaxed as possible.
  • 5. Application of Manual Stretching Procedures Do not attempt to gain the full range in one or two treatment sessions. Resolving mobility impairment is a slow, gradual process. It may take several weeks of stretching to see significant results. Between stretching sessions, it is important to use the newly increased range to maintain what has been gained.
  • 6. After Stretching Apply cold to the soft tissues that have been stretched and allow these structures to cool in a lengthened position. Regardless of the type of stretching intervention used, have the patient perform active ROM and strengthening exercises through the gained range immediately after stretching. Develop a balance in strength in the antagonistic muscles in the new range, so there is adequate neuromuscular control and stability as flexibility increases.
  • 7. Precautions for Stretching Do not passively force a joint beyond its normal ROM. Use extra caution in patients with known or suspected osteoporosis due to disease, prolonged bed rest, age, or prolonged use of steroids. Protect newly united fractures. Avoid stretching edematous tissue. Avoid overstretching weak muscles. Progress the dosage (intensity, duration, and frequency) of stretching interventions gradually to minimize soft tissue trauma and post exercise muscle soreness
  • 8. Common Errors and Potential Problems Nonselective or poorly balanced stretching activities. Insufficient warm-up. Ineffective stabilization. Use of ballistic stretching. Excessive intensity. Abnormal biomechanics: hurdlers stretch.
  • 9. Adjuncts to Stretching Interventions 1.Relaxation Training. Common Elements of Relaxation Training: Relaxation training involves a reduction in muscle tension in the entire body or the region that is painful or restricted by using conscious effort and thought. Training occurs in a quiet environment with low lighting and soothing music or an auditory cue on which the patient may focus. The patient performs deep breathing exercises or visualizes a peaceful scene. When giving instructions, the therapist uses a soft tone of voice.
  • 10. Examples of Approaches to Relaxation Training Autogenic training. Progressive relaxation. Awareness through movement.
  • 11. 2.Pilates Components of a Pilates exercise session typically include deep breathing and core stabilization exercises, focus on activation and relaxation of specific muscle groups, posture control and awareness training, strength training (primarily using body weight as resistance), balance exercises, and flexibility exercises.
  • 13. 3.Heat Methods of Warm-Up Superficial heat (hot packs, paraffin) or deep-heating modalities (ultrasound, shortwave diathermy) provide different mechanisms to heat tissues. These thermal agents are used primarily to heat small areas such as individual joints, muscle groups, or tendons and may be applied prior to or during the stretching procedure. Low-intensity, active exercises, which generally increase circulation and core body temperature, also have been used as a mechanism to warm up large muscle groups.
  • 14. Some common warm-up exercises are a brief walk, non fatiguing cycling on a stationary bicycle, use of a stair-stepping machine, active heel raises, or a few minutes of active arm exercises.
  • 15. 4.Cold Cooling soft tissues in a lengthened position after stretching has been shown to promote more lasting increases in soft tissue length and minimize post stretch muscle soreness.
  • 16. 5.Massage Increases circulation to muscles and decrease muscle spasm, it is a useful adjunct to stretching exercises.
  • 17. 6.Biofeedback Biofeedback instrumentation. Through visual or auditory feedback, a patient can begin to sense or feel what muscle relaxation is.
  • 19. 7.Joint Traction or Oscillation Slight manual distraction of joint surfaces prior to or in conjunction with joint mobilization/manipulation techniques or stretching a muscle-tendon unit can be used to inhibit joint pain and spasm of muscles around a joint.
  • 21. Activity no.1 Identify a recreational/sport activity that your partner enjoys (i.e., tennis, golf, cycling, jogging, etc.) and design and demonstrate a program of self-stretching exercises to prepare your partner for the activity and reduce the risk of injury.
  • 22. Activity no.2 Design an effective and efficient series of self- stretching exercises that a person who works at a desk most of the day could incorporate into a daily home fitness routine. Demonstrate and teach each self-stretching exercise to your laboratory partner.