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Winter Tree Pruning Tips
and Techniques
tips for proper tree pruning
Winter Pruning
Winter is the ideal time to prune. From late-November to mid-March, you
can thin and shape your deciduous trees to prepare for the spring
season. Evergreens should be pruned in the growing season, since theyre
never fully dormant and may su鍖er tip burn if cut back in the winter.
Why prune in the winter
 All the dead, cracked and broken branches
are easy to spot when trees shed their leaves.
 Trees are able to adapt to cuts more easily
by 鍖uctuating leaf production the following
season.
 The stress is minimal compared to pruning in
spring or summer.
 Experienced tree workers and arborists are
more readily available.
 Tree pathogens are dormant leaving little
risk of spreading infectious diseases.
 Lea鍖ess debris produces high-quality mulch.
tools you will Need
LoppersLadder Shears saws Hand pruners
Six Tree Pruning Tips
When in doubt, dont cut
Begin with a visual inspection from top to bottom. Weak, sick or elderly trees should be
pruned minimally, or not at all. As a general rule of thumb: If youre unsure whether
you should prune a branchdont. You can always go back later but theres no going
back after an incorrect cut.
The five Ds
Remember the 5D rule when looking
for branches to trim or remove:
Also remove:
Any branch that crosses another
at an odd angle, any branch
rubbing against other branches
and any branch growing inwardly
toward the center
1
2
 Dead
 Dying
 Damaged
 Deformed
 Diseased
3
4
 Never remove more
than 13 of a trees crown
in a season.
 Dont prune up from the
bottom any more than 1/3
of the trees total height.
 The side branches should be
at least 1/3 smaller than the
diameter of the trunk.
Rule of thirds
Dont cut flushDont leave stubs
When trimming branches, dont cut completely 鍖ush to the trunk or larger
branch. Leave intact the branch bark ridge and collar where the branch meets the
trunk. At the same time, dont leave a protruding stub and trim as close to the
branch collar as possible.
5
6
Keep tools sharp
One-handed pruning shears with curved blades work best on young trees.
Loppers are adequate for branches up to an inchbut theyre clumsy and dont
always make the cleanest cuts. We suggest using pruning handsaws for branches
over a half inch.
Safety
Homeowners can safely handle most pruning of a young tree, but pruning high,
heavy limbs of mature trees using sharp cutting tools or a chainsaw can be very
dangerous. For high branches use a pole prunerdont climb the treeleave
that to a professional arborist.
Before after
Debris Disposal
If you have a large amount of branches to get rid of, rent a wood
chipper for a day. Chip the downed branches onto a tarp and spread the
chips around your perennial plants as moisture-saving mulch. Use
about only a one-inch thick layer of chips for mulch, and try to sprinkle
the mulch with a handful of fertilizer to build back the nitrogen the
chips may have lost while decomposing.
Do you have too much debris to
handle? Check with your city or
county o鍖ce to determine whether
or not your community operates a
wood chipper for citizens. Often
times, you can donate the branches
to be chipped for city or county
property plantings.

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  • 1. Winter Tree Pruning Tips and Techniques
  • 2. tips for proper tree pruning Winter Pruning Winter is the ideal time to prune. From late-November to mid-March, you can thin and shape your deciduous trees to prepare for the spring season. Evergreens should be pruned in the growing season, since theyre never fully dormant and may su鍖er tip burn if cut back in the winter. Why prune in the winter All the dead, cracked and broken branches are easy to spot when trees shed their leaves. Trees are able to adapt to cuts more easily by 鍖uctuating leaf production the following season. The stress is minimal compared to pruning in spring or summer. Experienced tree workers and arborists are more readily available. Tree pathogens are dormant leaving little risk of spreading infectious diseases. Lea鍖ess debris produces high-quality mulch.
  • 3. tools you will Need LoppersLadder Shears saws Hand pruners
  • 4. Six Tree Pruning Tips When in doubt, dont cut Begin with a visual inspection from top to bottom. Weak, sick or elderly trees should be pruned minimally, or not at all. As a general rule of thumb: If youre unsure whether you should prune a branchdont. You can always go back later but theres no going back after an incorrect cut. The five Ds Remember the 5D rule when looking for branches to trim or remove: Also remove: Any branch that crosses another at an odd angle, any branch rubbing against other branches and any branch growing inwardly toward the center 1 2 Dead Dying Damaged Deformed Diseased
  • 5. 3 4 Never remove more than 13 of a trees crown in a season. Dont prune up from the bottom any more than 1/3 of the trees total height. The side branches should be at least 1/3 smaller than the diameter of the trunk. Rule of thirds Dont cut flushDont leave stubs When trimming branches, dont cut completely 鍖ush to the trunk or larger branch. Leave intact the branch bark ridge and collar where the branch meets the trunk. At the same time, dont leave a protruding stub and trim as close to the branch collar as possible.
  • 6. 5 6 Keep tools sharp One-handed pruning shears with curved blades work best on young trees. Loppers are adequate for branches up to an inchbut theyre clumsy and dont always make the cleanest cuts. We suggest using pruning handsaws for branches over a half inch. Safety Homeowners can safely handle most pruning of a young tree, but pruning high, heavy limbs of mature trees using sharp cutting tools or a chainsaw can be very dangerous. For high branches use a pole prunerdont climb the treeleave that to a professional arborist.
  • 8. Debris Disposal If you have a large amount of branches to get rid of, rent a wood chipper for a day. Chip the downed branches onto a tarp and spread the chips around your perennial plants as moisture-saving mulch. Use about only a one-inch thick layer of chips for mulch, and try to sprinkle the mulch with a handful of fertilizer to build back the nitrogen the chips may have lost while decomposing. Do you have too much debris to handle? Check with your city or county o鍖ce to determine whether or not your community operates a wood chipper for citizens. Often times, you can donate the branches to be chipped for city or county property plantings.