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Unitycoherenceemphasis 130129015210-phpapp02

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Mary Angelu Jacquez

This document discusses achieving unity and coherence in sentences. It defines sentence unity as expressing one main idea and provides examples of consistent use of tenses, numbers, pronouns, subjects, voice and mood to achieve unity. Coherence means logically organizing ideas by avoiding misplaced or dangling modifiers and following rules for modifier placement. The document also discusses chronological, spatial and order of importance as ways to achieve coherence in paragraphs.

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UNITY
SENTENCE UNITY A sentence has unity if it expresses only one main idea.
HOW TO ACHIEVE SENTENCE UNITY?
Consistent Use of Tenses
A verb in an adverbial clause generally agrees with the tense of the verb in the main clause.
EXAMPLE: We finished our work before we watched GGV.
The verb in the adjective clause doesnt need to agree in the tense with the verb in the main clause when the two actions are not necessarily related in time of occurrence.
EXAMPLE: Ms. Dragona, who was my teacher in elementary, is now in Antarctica.
The verb takes the present tense of the verb if the idea being expressed is a universal truth or a relatively permanent condition.
EXAMPLE: The sun rises in the east.
Use the tense form of the word that tells the time of action one wishes to express.
EXAMPLE: He was in Manila last week, but now he is in Baguio.
Consistent use of Number
Avoid unnecessary shifting from first person to third person or vice versa
EXAMPLE: If the students pass their project on time, they will obtain a good mark.
Consistent Use of Persons of pronouns
Shifting persons of pronouns will destroy unity. The pronouns must agree with their antecedents.
EXAMPLES: Everybody is entitled to his own opinion. She is inviting us to attend her celebration.
Consistent Use of Subject
Do not shift subject in a sentence.
EXAMPLE: Students stay up late at night but the projects are not usually accomplished.
Consistent use of Voice
Voice is the aspect of a verb that tells whether the subject performs or receives the action.
EXAMPLES: Active The department chair held a meeting and discussed some important matters for the upcoming seminar. Passive An inspirational message is given.
Consistent use of Mood
Mood is an aspect of the verb which indicates whether the action or condition is factual (indicative) or contrary to fact (subjunctive)
Consistent use of Language
Use the same language throughout the sentence. Avoid the use of foreign terms and phrases which have not been incorporated into the language.
COHERENCE
It means putting ideas in logical order showing their relationship with one another. The sentence elements should be in proper word order.
HOW TO ACHIEVE COHERENCE IN THE SENTENCE?
Avoid misplaced and dangling modifier.
MISPLACED MODIFIER a word or phrase that modifies the wrong word. Example: Faulty: Listening to the radio, bits of news are picked up by the students.
DANGLING MODIFIER A word that the verbal phrase should logically modify is not the sentence. Example: Faulty: To glean an information, the channel is turned to Magandang Gabi Bayan.
One-word modifiers of nouns are usually placed before the nouns they modify.
Phrase and clause modifiers of nouns are usually placed immediately after the words they modify.
EXAMPLES: The child, playing with his playmates, called his nursemaid to bring them his toys. I met the man who painted this exquisite artwork.
Phrase modifiers may be placed at the beginning of the sentence that the noun or pronoun that follows is the subject of the word modified.
EXAMPLE: Having been guilty of the accusations, he finds way for his way out.
Two phrases or clauses which are parallel in form and which modify the same word may be placed either before or after the word they modify.
EXAMPLE: She is studying hard because she wants to please her parents and because she aims for higher grades.
Having gone to Baguio and having visited some of its places, I wished to have a house in one of those places.
ORDER IN PARAGRAPHS
CHRONOLOGICAL ORDER it is time order, the order in which events happen.
EXAMPLE: Papier mache sculpture can be made from a few items. First, cut newspaper into one or two inch strips. Then, dip the paper into a mixture of water and white paste. Finally, mold the strips over a box, a hanger, or wadded newspaper. The shape you create will soon harden.
SPATIAL ORDER one describes the position of one part or object in relation to another.
Entering city hall is like traveling in a time machine. Outside, the century old marble steps and columns greet you like an ancient caretaker. But once inside the majestic doors, you are met by clicking typewriters and beeping computers.
ORDER OF IMPORTANCE One begins with the most important details and end with the least important details. You can also begin with the least important and end with the most important.
Example: Glenda Almo was more fortunate than the motherless, fatherless, little child scavenging for food on streets. She had a father. She had a warm house. - And she had a friend- her grandmother. She was very old and not strong, but she loved Glenda and took care of her. Glendas father was too busy to pay much attention to her, but her grandmother was always there when she needed her.

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Unitycoherenceemphasis 130129015210-phpapp02

  • 2. SENTENCE UNITY A sentence has unity if it expresses only one main idea.
  • 3. HOW TO ACHIEVE SENTENCE UNITY?
  • 5. A verb in an adverbial clause generally agrees with the tense of the verb in the main clause.
  • 6. EXAMPLE: We finished our work before we watched GGV.
  • 7. The verb in the adjective clause doesnt need to agree in the tense with the verb in the main clause when the two actions are not necessarily related in time of occurrence.
  • 8. EXAMPLE: Ms. Dragona, who was my teacher in elementary, is now in Antarctica.
  • 9. The verb takes the present tense of the verb if the idea being expressed is a universal truth or a relatively permanent condition.
  • 10. EXAMPLE: The sun rises in the east.
  • 11. Use the tense form of the word that tells the time of action one wishes to express.
  • 12. EXAMPLE: He was in Manila last week, but now he is in Baguio.
  • 14. Avoid unnecessary shifting from first person to third person or vice versa
  • 15. EXAMPLE: If the students pass their project on time, they will obtain a good mark.
  • 16. Consistent Use of Persons of pronouns
  • 17. Shifting persons of pronouns will destroy unity. The pronouns must agree with their antecedents.
  • 18. EXAMPLES: Everybody is entitled to his own opinion. She is inviting us to attend her celebration.
  • 19. Consistent Use of Subject
  • 20. Do not shift subject in a sentence.
  • 21. EXAMPLE: Students stay up late at night but the projects are not usually accomplished.
  • 23. Voice is the aspect of a verb that tells whether the subject performs or receives the action.
  • 24. EXAMPLES: Active The department chair held a meeting and discussed some important matters for the upcoming seminar. Passive An inspirational message is given.
  • 26. Mood is an aspect of the verb which indicates whether the action or condition is factual (indicative) or contrary to fact (subjunctive)
  • 27. Consistent use of Language
  • 28. Use the same language throughout the sentence. Avoid the use of foreign terms and phrases which have not been incorporated into the language.
  • 30. It means putting ideas in logical order showing their relationship with one another. The sentence elements should be in proper word order.
  • 31. HOW TO ACHIEVE COHERENCE IN THE SENTENCE?
  • 32. Avoid misplaced and dangling modifier.
  • 33. MISPLACED MODIFIER a word or phrase that modifies the wrong word. Example: Faulty: Listening to the radio, bits of news are picked up by the students.
  • 34. DANGLING MODIFIER A word that the verbal phrase should logically modify is not the sentence. Example: Faulty: To glean an information, the channel is turned to Magandang Gabi Bayan.
  • 35. One-word modifiers of nouns are usually placed before the nouns they modify.
  • 36. Phrase and clause modifiers of nouns are usually placed immediately after the words they modify.
  • 37. EXAMPLES: The child, playing with his playmates, called his nursemaid to bring them his toys. I met the man who painted this exquisite artwork.
  • 38. Phrase modifiers may be placed at the beginning of the sentence that the noun or pronoun that follows is the subject of the word modified.
  • 39. EXAMPLE: Having been guilty of the accusations, he finds way for his way out.
  • 40. Two phrases or clauses which are parallel in form and which modify the same word may be placed either before or after the word they modify.
  • 41. EXAMPLE: She is studying hard because she wants to please her parents and because she aims for higher grades.
  • 42. Having gone to Baguio and having visited some of its places, I wished to have a house in one of those places.
  • 44. CHRONOLOGICAL ORDER it is time order, the order in which events happen.
  • 45. EXAMPLE: Papier mache sculpture can be made from a few items. First, cut newspaper into one or two inch strips. Then, dip the paper into a mixture of water and white paste. Finally, mold the strips over a box, a hanger, or wadded newspaper. The shape you create will soon harden.
  • 46. SPATIAL ORDER one describes the position of one part or object in relation to another.
  • 47. Entering city hall is like traveling in a time machine. Outside, the century old marble steps and columns greet you like an ancient caretaker. But once inside the majestic doors, you are met by clicking typewriters and beeping computers.
  • 48. ORDER OF IMPORTANCE One begins with the most important details and end with the least important details. You can also begin with the least important and end with the most important.
  • 49. Example: Glenda Almo was more fortunate than the motherless, fatherless, little child scavenging for food on streets. She had a father. She had a warm house. - And she had a friend- her grandmother. She was very old and not strong, but she loved Glenda and took care of her. Glendas father was too busy to pay much attention to her, but her grandmother was always there when she needed her.